Pneumonia pictures

How does pneumonia look on X-rays?

Pneumonia on X-rays is characterized by areas of darkening. They indicate the presence of an infiltrate (a swollen inflamed focus) in the lung tissue.

An x-ray photograph can show how much the darkening, its shapes, contours, quantity and location have spread.

Dimensions can be of different sizes. They are divided into

• Small-focal ones, the size of which reaches 3 mm;
• mid-elevation - from 3 to 7 mm;
• Large-focal, reaching 7-12 mm.

Also, blackouts can be total, subtotal, common. Thus, lung X-ray in pneumonia is an integral part of therapy.

Prevalence of pneumonia

Inflammation of the lungs can occur in both adults and children. In children, it is more common, since the respiratory system and immunity are in their developmental stage.

Risk factors:

• hypothermia of the body;
• frequent regurgitation of babies;
• lack of vitamin D;
• prematurity of the child;
• poor nutrition;
• beriberi and anemia;
• decreased immunity;
• bad ecology;
• poor living conditions;
• smoking or smoking parents;
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• various congenital malformations and diseases associated with the pulmonary system;
• nervous disorders.

The importance of lung X-rays in pneumonia

An important role in the diagnosis is given to the X-ray, since no other tests can provide reliable information. Before the chest X-ray, the task is not only to determine the lesion focus, but also to create a picture of the morphological variety of pathology. It can be focal, croup, fractional, mixed, draining, etc. The darkening areas on the x-ray are painted in a light color, and the areas of enlightenment in the dark.

What is the stage of resolution of pneumonia on the radiograph?

With the resolution of pneumonia, the following signs will be revealed on the roentgenogram:

1. At the site of inflammation, the pulmonary structure is enriched with small elements.
2. The root expands.
3. Dimensions of the shadow are reduced.
4. Darkening is reduced.

Such signs of resolving pneumonia can be observed for several months until the human body recovers.With inflammation of the lungs, the recovery period lasts slowly.

How do the complications of pneumonia look on the pictures? Complications after pneumonia also have their characteristics on the roentgenogram. For example, an abscess is detected by the appearance of cavities of the disintegration of lung tissue, which merge with each other. Exudative pleurisy is determined in the pictures due to the dimming of the lower pulmonary field. X-ray diagnosis of pneumonia can give the most accurate results of the disease.

Pneumonia in children

Most often the disease affects the child's body. The etiology of pneumonia is divided into:

• bacterial;
• virus;
• mycoplasmal;
• rickettsial;
• fungal;
• allergic;
• caused by invasion of helminths.

Symptoms of pneumonia in children are associated with the form of the disease and the course of the disease. The main ones are:

1. Increased body temperature.
2. Fast fatiguability.
3. Headache.
4. Discomfort in the lungs or under the shoulder blades.
5. Cough.
6. General intoxication of the body.

When listening, bronchophonia, mild breathing, crepitation are noted.

The pulmonary structure on the X-ray appears enhanced. A blood test can show an increase in white blood cells and ESR.

Complications of pneumonia include purulent formations that can be outside the lungs and cause otitis media, pyelonephritis, pericarditis, inflammation in the heart, which is rare, meningitis, etc.

Possible complications in the lungs:

1. Abscess of the lung.
2. Inflammation of the outer shell of the organ - pleurisy.
3. The accumulation of gases or air in the pleura - pneumothorax.

To prevent such complications, it is necessary to start treatment with antibiotics in time.

Treatment of pneumonia in children

If the disease is severe, treatment is carried out in a hospital. Children under one year of age are subject to immediate hospitalization.

The treatment is of a complex nature and includes the following procedures:

• prescribes etiotropic drugs;
• if there is a respiratory insufficiency, oxygenotherapy is carried out;
• prescribe drugs to improve bronchial conductivity;
• means are used to improve the transport of blood;
• therapy aimed at improving tissue respiration;
• the appointment of funds to improve metabolic processes in the body.

During illness the child should eat due to the age, however the food should be sparing and saturated with vitamins and minerals. In view of the fact that the child constantly coughs, foods that irritate the pharynx should be excluded from the diet. The child should drink a lot of fluids. These can be broths of dogrose, currant currants, jelly and compotes. In the period of treatment, antibiotic therapy is mandatory.

Prognosis of recovery

If treatment was started in a timely manner, then the prognosis for recovery is favorable. In general, complete recovery comes a month after the disease.

If antibiotics are started on time, which lasts from 7 to 14 days, the inflammation resolves in 2-4 weeks. This can be confirmed by X-rays.

In severe pneumonia, antibiotics are prescribed for two weeks or more. Degeneration of the focus of inflammation in this case can last for 1-2 months.

If you do not seek medical help on time, there may be complications that have been described above. In childhood, when there is insufficient treatment, the likelihood of a lethal outcome is high.

After discharge from the hospital, children are registered in a polyclinic, where a regular examination by a pulmonologist and an otolaryngologist is performed.

In addition, the doctor prescribes physiotherapy and exercise therapy with respiratory gymnastics. This contributes to the rapid recovery of the body. If there is such a possibility, then it is recommended to undergo a recovery period in specialized sanatoriums. Well helps herbal medicine using medicinal plants such as altea root, chamomile, sage, elephant, mother-and-stepmother. At home, treatment with mustard plasters, foot baths, inhalations with alkalis and herbs, compresses and iodine mesh on the chest area is applied. A chest massage is also prescribed.

Prevention of disease

The primary prevention of pneumonia is the healthy lifestyle of parents, especially the mother who is carrying the child.After the birth of the baby should be its timely and full-fledged feeding, in the future - tempering activities.

Secondary prevention is aimed at the following actions:

1. Prevent and treat respiratory diseases.
2. At the initial stage of the disease it is desirable to immediately hospitalize the child.
3. Timely should be treated with hypotrophy, rickets and improve immunity.
4. Do not let chronic inflammation occur.

With the correct treatment of uncomplicated pneumonia, a favorable outcome of the disease is possible. If the child is ill, do not self-medicate, immediately seek medical attention. X-ray diagnosis of pneumonia will accurately determine the diagnosis of the child, which will help in the future in his treatment. X-ray picture can indicate the exact area of ​​inflammation, the extent of lung damage and its degree.

respiratoria.ru

Symptoms of pneumonia of the lungs

Before discussing the symptoms of pneumonia, it is necessary to understand a little the nature of the disease and clarify the meaning of terms describing the inflammatory processes in the lungs.

The nature of the disease and its causes

Until the beginning of the 21st century, Soviet medicine extended the expanded interpretation of the term "pneumonia." It was used to describe any acute focal inflammation of the lung tissue regardless of the cause. In the Russian classification of the disease "acute pneumonia" there were isolated such forms as "pneumonia due to chemical effects and physical factors "," allergic pneumonia "," infectious-allergic pneumonia "and other options.

Currently, in accordance with international standards, the term "pneumonia" refers to acute infectious diseases of the pulmonary tissue of predominantly bacterial nature. It is characterized by a local (focal) lesion of the respiratory tissue of the lung with the swelling of the inflammatory fluid into the pulmonary vesicles. Symptoms of inflammation in the lung tissue are revealed when the patient is examined by a doctor and an x-ray examination of the chest organs. For inflammation of the lungs are characterized by: acute febrile reaction (fever) and severe intoxication.

Since this disease by definition is an acute infectious disease, the definition of "acute" before the word "pneumonia" in the diagnosis became redundant and out of use.

Is there a chronic pneumonia?

The term "chronic pneumonia" in modern medicine is also not used, as it lost a real clinical basis. "Chronic pneumonia" of the 20th century was divided into several diseases of different nature. To distinguish them was made possible by improving the methods of examination and the progress of medical science. Chronic inflammatory reaction in the pulmonary ways takes place with all these diseases, which have received separate names and special methods of treatment. The most common of these is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - a constant companion of tobacco smokers. Chronic bacterial infection is also characteristic of bronchiectasis.

What external signs does pneumonia have?

The first symptoms of inflammation of the lungs, which tell patients:

• sudden onset of the disease;
• acute fever (fever> 38 ° C);
• tremendous chills;
• acute chest pain, worse with coughing and breathing;
• cough dry or unproductive;
• expectoration of a rusty color in a small amount;
• dyspnea;
• pronounced general weakness, fatigue;
• sweating at night and with minimal physical exertion.

The thought of pneumonia should occur when a combination of body temperature increases with complaints of coughing, sputum separation, dyspnea, chest pain. Also, patients with pneumonia, complain of unmotivated weakness, fatigue, increased sweating at night.

How to recognize the latent form of the disease?

Almost in all age categories - in children, adolescents and adults, inflammation of the lungs has a similar clinical picture. But it is possible and hidden, sluggish form of the disease. Symptoms such as chest pain with coughing, fever and other signs may not be present in weakened adolescents or adults.

The latent symptomatology of pneumonia can be observed in the elderly. In 25% of patients aged> 65 there is no increase in body temperature, and the disease can manifest as fatigue, weakness, nausea, lack of appetite, abdominal pain, impaired consciousness.

Objective signs of inflammation of the lungs

The next stage of diagnosis of the disease after questioning is examination of the patient, revealing the objective symptoms of pneumonia. These are signs of a disease that the doctor finds in the patient when examining, tapping the chest (percussion) and listening to the lungs (auscultation).

Classical objective symptoms are:

• Stupidity of percussion sound when tapping over inflamed areas of the lungs.
• Listening to hard breathing over a limited area of ​​the lung tissue at the site of inflammation.
• Local listening to sonorous small bubbling rales over the inflamed area of ​​the lung.

The main criterion that confirms pneumonia is the asymmetry of the lesion, that is, the presence of objective signs of inflammation of the lungs only on one side of the chest.

In almost 20% of cases, objective signs of pneumonia in patients may differ from the classical ones or absent. In these cases, latent symptoms can lead to diagnostic errors. Fortunately, in the arsenal of doctors there is a way to detect the inflammation of the lungs with the help of X-rays.

X-ray signs of pneumonia

The main x-ray symptom of pneumonia is a local compaction (infiltration) of lung tissue found in a patient with external signs of acute inflammation of the respiratory system.

The consolidation of the pulmonary tissue in pneumonia usually has a one-sided nature. Two-sided infiltration is rare. This symptom is more typical for swelling of the lungs, metastases of malignant tumors, systemic connective tissue diseases with respiratory organs.

An x-ray study with suspicion of pneumonia is conducted in all patients without exception: newborns, adolescents, adults, pregnant and lactating women, elderly people. This rule is associated with the danger of a diagnostic error, high mortality when delayed in prescribing antibiotics for patients with pneumonia.

Symptoms of viral pneumonia

Acute viral respiratory infection and pneumonia itself are various diseases. Viral infection, of course, is a leading risk factor for inflammation of the lungs. However, painful changes in the lung tissue caused by respiratory viruses should be clearly delimited from pneumonia. After all, the treatment of these conditions is fundamentally different. True microbial pneumonia is qualitatively different from that of lungs by viruses, which is characterized by bilateral infiltration along the way of the pulmonary vessels.

Viral infection, especially highly pathogenic influenza ("pork", "avian"), can occur in the form of bilateral lung damage with inflammation in the course of the pulmonary vessels. At laboratory confirmation of the presence of highly pathogenic influenza virus in the patient's sputum and the absence of other pathogens in it, the diagnosis of viral pneumonia is justified.

The first significant symptoms of viral influenza pneumonia are rapidly increasing dyspnoea, an increase in temperature body to very high figures (> 39 ° C), a painful cough with bloody frothy sputum, a sharp general weakness. Influenza pneumonia is a very dangerous condition requiring treatment in the intensive care unit.

What is croupous pneumonia?

The term "croup pneumonia" is a traditional name for pneumococcal pneumonia, which has all the classic symptoms of lung inflammation in its entirety. Croup pneumonia is practically the only of all forms of this disease, in which a preliminary diagnosis corresponds to an aetiological (pneumococcal infection).

Croupous pneumonia develops sharply, beginning with a tremendous chill and a swift rise in body temperature to 39-40 ° C. An early sign is the appearance of chest pain on the side of the lesion, which is sharply aggravated by deep inhalation or coughing. First, the cough is dry, then on the second or third day of the disease, rusty or brown sputum appears. Characteristic signs are reddening of the face, especially on the side of the lesion, frequent shallow breathing to 30 per minute and more. Croup pneumonia usually affects one lung (usually the right one) and can capture 1, 2 or 3 lobes.

Atypical pneumonia in adolescents

The term "atypical pneumonia" means the belonging of the causative agent to microbes, called "atypical flora". Atypical flora are intracellular infectious agents - mycoplasma, chlamydia, legionella. Inflammation of the lungs, caused by mycoplasmas, most often affects young people in organized collectives - military service personnel, students, children, adolescents (20-30% of all pneumonia). And, on the contrary, at patients of the senior ages atypical pneumonia is diagnosed extremely seldom.

Atypical mycoplasmal or chlamydial infection is accompanied by muscle and headaches, chills, symptoms of ARI. Hemoptysis and chest pain are uncharacteristic of pneumonia caused by atypical flora.

Treat such a disease as atypical pneumonia, special drugs - antibiotics from a group of new macrolides (josamycin, rovamycin, spiramycin, klatsid). These drugs are approved for use in children and adolescents and do not cause intestinal dysbiosis.

ingalin.ru

What is pneumonia?

Answers:

Anastasia Zamyatin

Pneumonia
Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs. A group of diseases characterized by the defeat of the respiratory part of the lungs is divided into croupous (lobar) and focal. Pathogens - various microorganisms: pneumonia and streptococci, Klebsiella pneumonia, E. coli, etc. bacteria, rickettsia, viruses, mycoplasmas, fungi. Chemical and physical agents (effects on lungs of chemicals, thermal factors, radioactive radiation) are usually combined with infectious agents. Pneumonia can also be a consequence of allergic reactions in the lungs or manifestations of systemic diseases. Pathogens penetrate the lung tissue through the bronchi, through blood or lymph.
Symptoms and course
depend on the nature, nature and stage of the disease, the prevalence of the lesion and its complications (pulmonary suppuration, pleurisy, pneumothorax, acute vascular and heart failure).
Croupous pneumonia (lobar, pleuropneumonia) begins acutely, often after cooling: a person experiences a tremendous chill, the body temperature rises to 39-40C. Pain on breathing on the side of the affected lung increases with cough, initially dry, then with a "rusty" or purulent viscous sputum with blood veins. The patient's condition, as a rule, is severe. There is reddening of the face, cyanosis, often the appearance of "fever" - herpes simplex on the lips or wings of the nose. Breathing from the very beginning of the disease is rapid, superficial, with swelling of the wings of the nose. The affected side of the chest lags behind in the act of breathing from a healthy one. Depending on the stage of the illness, increased or weakened breathing, crepitation (the sound of decaying alveoli), and pleural friction noise are heard. The pulse is rapid, blood pressure is often reduced. In the blood there are significant changes: leukocytosis with a shift of the formula to the left, acceleration of the ESR. Radiographic examination shows a darkening of the whole affected part or part of it.
Focal pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, occur as a complication of acute or chronic inflammation of the upper respiratory pathways and bronchi, in patients with congestive lungs, severe, debilitating diseases, in the postoperative period. Body temperature rises to 38-39C, rarely higher. Appears or intensifies a cough, dry or with mucopurulent sputum. Possible pain in the chest when coughing and inhaling. With discharge focal pneumonia, the condition of patients deteriorates sharply: pronounced dyspnea, cyanosis. Breathing can be strengthened vesicular with areas of bronchial, small and medium bubbling rales are heard.
Recognition is based on the clinical picture, X-ray examination data (inflammatory infiltration sites in the lung tissue, with drainage pneumonia - merging with each other). In the blood leukocytosis is detected, the acceleration of the ESR.
Treatment.
In mild cases, it can be done at home, but most patients need to be hospitalized. At the height of the disease, bed rest is needed, a sparing diet with enough vitamins A and C, plenty of drinking, therapy with antibiotics (taking into account the sensitivity of microflora), other antibacterial drugs. It may be necessary to introduce gammaglobulin, carrying out detoxification therapy. With the disappearance or significant decrease in the effects of intoxication, the regime is extended, physical therapy is prescribed, physiotherapy (inhalation, UHF, shortwave diathermy). If necessary, medical bronchoscopies can be performed.
Pneumonia is chronic.
Pneumonia is chronic. - It includes a relapsing inflammation of the lungs of the same localization with the defeat of all structural lung elements, complicated by the development of pnemosclerosis.
Symptoms and course.
They show a periodic rise in body temperature, usually to low-grade figures, an increase in long-term cough with the allocation of mucopurulent sputum, sweating, often dull pain in the chest on the side of the lesion. When listening, hard breathing is determined, wet

Irina Komarova

Deep recurrence of the lungs.

בעז קראָקאָדילאָוונאַ

Illness or Disease such. Called by microbes. She gets sick, but does not get infected.
Depending on the typical microbes, it is customary to single out: non-ocular, non-oc- co-ordinated organized collectives, nosocomial, resuscitation departments.
For each its own antibiotic of choice.
The first type causes one of 6 microbes - pneumococcus, a stick of influenza. .
The second type - Legionnaires (Legionnaires' disease)
Nosocomial all sorts of inactive hospital-based antibiotic resistant microbes
Resuscitative - all kinds of clostridi resistant to everything in the world
that is, knowing the origin of pneumonia, you can already choose an antibiotic - empirically (based on the experience of mankind)
but your friend is probably tuberculosis

Merry

it is an inflammation of the lungs. 2 years with this is tin. there is a colitis of antibiotics and you are cured, my brother was often sick

Phil

most likely this is not pneumonia

Alexander

Read, can that you will find.
http://www.narmed.ru/bolezni/pulmon/

Kati

he needs to go to a normal doctor and be fully examined.. if it really is pneumonia, it will not die, it just needs to be cured to the end. but maybe it's not pneumonia.

Natalie

Pneumonia is treated. And if he says that there is not much time left to live, so it can be tuberculosis. There is a closed form, but there is an open one (you can not kiss). Be careful.

Story-Trade

easy filling liquid !!

A supernova

No one will tell you exactly, until you undergo a serious examination and taking into account the analysis of not only the function of the lungs, but also other organs and systems of the body. You can consult here http://www.vvi-klinika.ru/ by ICQ 273877
Health to you

Alex Timonyan

I would first of all have thought about tuberculosis in general then ...

alina

Pneumonia. Symptoms of pneumonia. Treatment of pneumonia. At what age can it begin?
Mycoplasma pneumonias - Pneumonia.
Pneumonia.
Pneumonia - a frequent pathogen of respiratory infections from a clinical point of view is the most important representative of the Mycoplasma group. Pneumonia spreads when coughing with large drops of mucus. The incubation period is 2-3 weeks. Pneumonia often affects schoolchildren and young adults, but it is possible at any age.
Symptoms of pneumonia
Most often the disease proceeds as acute or subacute tracheobronchitis or as pneumonia.
Symptoms of pneumonia
Headache, weakness, hyperthermia, sore throat and dry, paroxysmal cough, which later becomes productive. As complications of pneumonia of concomitant diseases are noted: otitis media, bullous inflammation of the drum membranes, maculopapular rash on the skin, multiform erythema, sometimes Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Rare complications of pneumonia are meningoencephalitis, cerebellar ataxia, radicular syndrome, monoarthritis, myocarditis, coagulopathy, hemolytic anemia, pulmonary edema and hepatitis.
Pneumonia usually stops without treatment after 2-4 weeks, but adequate antibiotic therapy reduces its duration. Erythromycin 500 mg 4 times a day, tetracycline 250 mg 4 times a day, doxycycline 100 mg 2 times a day for 10-14 days - the recommended scheme for adults. In severe pneumonia, intravenous erythromycin 500 mg after 6 hours. Children younger than 8-10 years old - erythromycin 30-50 mg / kg per day inside for 2 weeks. New drugs from the group of macrolides are active against mycoplasma, but their superiority over erythromycin is not proven.

Tuberculosis, symptoms of tuberculosis, treatment of tuberculosis
The causative agent of the disease is mycobacterium tuberculosis, or Koch's wand. With the active form of tuberculosis, Koch's rod multiplies rapidly in the lungs of the patient and destroys the lungs, poisons the human body with the products of its vital activity, releasing into it toxins. There is a process of tuberculous intoxication, otherwise poisoning the human body. Treatment of tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis has considerable resistance to various physical and chemical agents, cold, heat, moisture and light. In natural conditions, in the absence of sunlight, they can remain viable for several months. In the street dust, mycobacteria persist for 10 days. On the pages of books they can remain alive for three months. In water, mycobacteria persist for very long (within 150 days). Mycobacterium tuberculosis can withstand rotting processes and may persist for several months in buried corpses.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is transmitted, mainly by airborne droplets, getting into the respiratory organs from a sick person to a healthy one, causing pulmonary tuberculosis. In addition to the lungs, tuberculosis can affect various organs and tissues of a person: eyes, bones, skin, genitourinary system, intestines, etc.
In the absence of treatment, mortality from active tuberculosis reaches 50% within one to two years. In the remaining 50% of cases, untreated tuberculosis passes into a chronic form. A chronic patient can live for a while, continuing to secrete mycobacterium tuberculosis and infect others.
Symptoms of tuberculosis
When a Koch's rod enters the lungs (or another organ that first gets a tubercle bacillus) the primary focus of inflammation develops, which manifests itself in the appearance of symptoms of ordinary inflammation. But unlike banal infection, the inflammatory process with tuberculosis develops very slowly (this is a chronic infection that lasts for years) and is prone to necrosis of the primary inflammation focus. Complaints of patients are very diverse. Conditionally they can be divided into nonspecific: malaise, weakness, subfebrile temperature, poor appetite, weight loss, pale skin, etc. and specific (peculiar mainly to tuberculosis): sweating at night and in the morning (as a manifestation of intoxication)

jury coarse

Pneumonia (dr. -Greg. πνευμονία from πνεύμων), inflammation of the lungs - inflammation of the lung tissue, usually of an infectious origin with a predominant the defeat of the alveoli (the development of inflammatory exudation in them) and the interstitial tissue of the lung [1] [2].
The term "pneumonia" unites a large group of diseases, each of which has its own etiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture, X-ray signs, characteristic data of laboratory studies and features of therapy.
Noninfectious inflammatory processes in the pulmonary tissue are usually called pneumonitis or (in case of primary lesion of the respiratory parts of the lungs) by the alveolitis. Against a background of similar aseptic inflammatory processes, bacterial, viral-bacterial or fungal pneumonia often develops.
The main diagnostic methods are X-ray examination of the lungs and sputum examination, the main method of treatment is antibacterial therapy. Later diagnosis and delay with the onset of antibacterial therapy worsen the prognosis of the disease. In some cases, a lethal outcome is possible.
Throughout the world, pneumonia affects about 450 million people a year, about 7 million cases result in a fatal outcome [3].

Black Furies

Pneumonia... And it's kind of strong.. Maybe he has cancer already

Natalia Vladimirovna

this is a heavy recovery of the lungs. like this

Natalia Kim

Wikipedia

Catherine

Read more segmental pneumonia.

Anton Kovtun

X. Is Clinton here?

What is bilateral pneumonia? What are the consequences?

Answers:

Linda

Bilateral pneumonia = - is an inflammation of both the lungs - both right and left. This is very serious and dangerous. If you do not treat properly, it's easy to die

Elen Kuznetsova

Pneumonia. Both lungs. You can die if you do not start treatment on time.

Sarma

This is very bad. Even in our time, it is difficult to treat large doses of antibiotics. By the way, in the last epidemic of influenza, most people who died died just from pneumonia, which was a complication of the flu.

Brezhnev L. AND.

Treatment is vital.

iFox

I will add.

As is known, pneumonia is an inflammation of the lung tissue of an infectious origin with a predominant lesion of the alveoli.
Pneumonia can be primary if it acts as an independent disease, and secondary if she developed against another disease, for example, secondary pneumonia in the background of chronic bronchitis. There are separate types of pneumonia caused by different pathogens.

In any case, this is a very serious and dangerous disease.

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