What are eye drops for newborns?

The baby's organism is especially vulnerable to environmental factors.And undoubtedly, the mucous membranes of the respiratory organs and the eyes are exposed to the main onslaught. And since a small child constantly rubs his eyes with fists, the chances of infection are quite large. Therefore, every mother should know what drugs can help with the first signs of a malaise, as well as the situations in which each drug is used.

Application area

The use of eye drops for the treatment of newborns can be due to the following pathological conditions:

1. Conjunctivitis- the main cause of infectious inflammation of the eyes in children. Infectious agents can act equally as adenovirus and bacteria, although sometimes there are allergic irritations. With the penetration and introduction of microbes into the mucous surface of the eyes, symptoms of inflammation appear: reddening and edema of the eyelids, pronounced vessels on the sclera, increased lacrimation and itching. Depending on the irritating factor, purulent discharge may appear (with bacterial infection), frequent sneezing and runny nose (with allergies). In the case of viral damage, conjunctivitis is preceded by signs of acute respiratory viral infection: an increase in t, a runny nose, and hyperemia of the eyelids. However, as a rule, in young children, beginning as a viral or allergic lesion, the disease is necessarily complicated by the attachment of a bacterial infection;
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2. Dacryocystitis- blockade of lacrimal ducts, which can develop due to infection during delivery embryonic tissue (in most cases) or in the presence of a congenital pathology of the nasolacrimal canal or lacrimal sac. If the pathology is congenital, then if unsuccessful conservative treatment can be carried out sounding in a medical institution. In case of infection, along with the use of rinses and drops, the baby is given a massage to remove stagnant contents and purify lacrimal sacs;
3. Blennorrhea of ​​newborns- infection of the conjunctiva by gonococcus during childbirth in the event that the mother has a disease. Also, the disease can have pathogens chlamydia, pneumococcus, staphylococcus, streptococcus. Especially dangerous are gonococcal and chlamydial infections, which are acute and purulent. The disease, in contrast to conventional conjunctivitis, has severe symptoms: redness of the conjunctiva (possible bleeding), serous-hemorrhagic discharge (gluing of eyelids), edema and redness of eyelids (difficulties with opening of the eyes). Complications of the disease are also no less serious: corneal ulcer and the formation of a thorn.

Conventional conjunctivitis can turn into a serious eye infection, so treatment should be started only after examination and consultation of a doctor. Do not forget that the cause of irritation can be a foreign body - with accidental ingestion or involuntary irritation by the child himself (hands or toys).

Types and Classifications of Preparations

Inflammatory processes in the eyes of young children can be suppressed by the action of drugs whose action is directed at eliminating the pathogen. Depending on the etiologic factor, several groups of such agents are distinguished:

• Antibacterial- drugs are used to eliminate infections, the causative agents of which are bacteria. Usually, the active substances of such drugs are antibiotics or sulfonamides: Tebridex, Tobrex, Floxal, Fucitalmic, Albucid, etc .;

  Tebridex - antibacterial preparation

• Antiviral drugs- funds for newborns are developed on the basis of interferon. It stimulates the production of antibodies and thus strengthens the body's defenses. Drugs of this type include drops of Ophthalmoferon and Actipol, as well as Zovirax ointment;

  Ophthalmoferon is an antiviral drug

• Antihistamines- drugs are prescribed to eliminate the effects of allergic irritation. The most effective are based on plant components. Among the antihistamines are Zirtek, Fenistil, Zodak;

  Zirtek is an antihistamine

• Antiseptics- their action is disinfecting and extends to viruses, bacteria, protozoa and even fungi. Among these medications are Vitabact and Okomistin drops, which have almost no contraindications and therefore are allowed for the treatment of small children.

  Ocomistin is an antiseptic drug

There is also a division into medical and preventive means.The latter are in demand with respect to allergic reactions or on the eve of a viral epidemic. To preventive agents can also include vitamins for the eyes and moisturizers. However, the use of such medications for newborns is necessary only in cases of rare congenital pathologies of the eyes.

Allergic conjunctivitis in newborns is a rather rare phenomenon, such infections are more typical for children 3-4 years old. However, in case of allergic lesions, do not rush to use effective anti-inflammatory drugs - most often they are aimed at suppressing immunity and can render a disservice to a newborn. It is much more effective to identify and eliminate the allergen - this will protect your baby from further threat of allergic reaction.

List

In the treatment of newborns, the following eye drops are most often used:

Antibacterial:

• Fucitalmic.The active substance is fusidic acid, active against Staphylococcus aureus and hemophilic rod. The drug lasts up to 12 hours, side effects are minimal;

  Fucitalmic is an antimicrobial drug that belongs to the fusidin group and has a polycyclic structure.

• Tebridex.In the preparation, in addition to the antibiotic Tevomycin, the glucocorticosteroid Dexamethasone is included, so care should be taken in the treatment of children. The drug is active against most Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria;
• Albucid.The active substance of the drug is Sulfacetamide from the group of sulfonamides, for the treatment of children 20% drops are used. The drug is active against streptococci, staphylococcus, chlamydia, gonococcus, E. coli, etc. The only contraindication is intolerance of the drug components. Use drops in the treatment up to 6 times a day.

  Albucid removes the inflammatory process

Antiviral drugs:

• Ophthalmoferon.The drug is based on human interferon and has an immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic effect, enhances tissue regeneration. It is active not only against viruses, but also bacteria;
• Actipol.It is an inducer of interferon - a substance that stimulates its production. It has not only antiviral, but also regenerating, antioxidant properties. Effectively removes puffiness and eliminates other effects of the inflammatory process.

  Drops Actipol have an antiviral effect

Antihistamines:

• Fenistil.Permitted for use at 1 month of age. The therapeutic effect is manifested after 10-15 minutes. Drops have a quick effect on all manifestations of allergies: itching, runny nose, coughing, rashes on the skin;
• Zodak.The drug can be used at the age of 2 weeks. The medicine perfectly eliminates itching with prolonged allergic conjunctivitis and runny nose;

  Zodak eliminates itching

• Zirtek.Drops are used to treat children from 6 months. age. The components of the drug facilitate the allergic state of the baby, stopping unpleasant manifestations. Adapting to the drug is not produced, however, when used, the dosage should be strictly observed. If it is exceeded, there may be side effects: weakened attention and increased drowsiness.

Antiseptic:

• Vitabakt.The active substance is pyloxidine, the drug has antimicrobial activity against bacteria, certain species of fungi and viruses. According to the instructions, Vitabakt is used both for treatment and for prophylaxis from 2 to 6 times a day;

  Drop Vitabact apply cupping of the inflammatory process

• Okomistin.The active substance is benzyldimethyl, the activity of the drug extends not only to bacteria, but also to certain viruses, fungi, protozoa.

Preparations recommended for use in early childhood usually have one contraindication - individual intolerance. Therefore, mothers should be very careful in treatment and observe the reaction of the child.

Recommendations for use

It is not enough to choose the right medicine. An important point when it comes to a small child is its correct application. The main recommendations concern the instillation procedure:

• Bury the eyes of newborns is allowed only pipette, which has a rounded end;
• During the procedure, the toddler should lie horizontally, with a fixed head (you can draw an assistant);
• Before the procedure, the drops stored in the refrigerator should be gently warmed in the palms of the hands.If, dropping on the back of the palm, you do not feel the difference, the preparation is ready for use;
• Do not forget to wash your hands with soap and use only disposable sterile wipes;
• Slightly pulling the lower eyelid, drip 1-2 drops closer to the inner corner of the eye. Surplus wipe with a napkin.

  Instructions for instillation of the eyes

In the treatment it is also recommended to observe several general principles:

• Use drugs with expired shelf life, and after autopsy they should not be stored for more than 1 month;
• If only one eye is sick, the medicine should still be digested;
• During the procedure, make sure that the pipette does not touch the eye,otherwise, it can become a source of infection;
• In the presence of pus or crust before the procedure, rinse the eyes with one of the antiseptic solutions (for example, furatsilinom), otherwise the medicine will be wasted, and the procedure will not have a therapeutic effect;
• In acute course of the disease, when the discharge from the eyes is abundant, the drug is washed out of the eyes for 30 minutes., Which is the reason for frequent instillation. Therefore, for the night should be pawned ointment, which is sufficient until the morning.

Even after the symptoms disappear completely, it is recommended to continue treatment for at least 3 days.

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conclusions

Beginning the treatment of a young child, make sure that the cause of his illness is not your antihygienic actions, so as not to repeat mistakes.Independently to treat a newborn it is possible only in case of acute necessity and at impossibility to provide medical aid.

Do not forget that the main medicine for such a crumb is mother's milk, which provides the baby with immune cells.Therefore, try to feed it as long as possible - this will help you avoid your child's most eye diseases before the time when he will have his own immunity.