Preparations for the dilution of blood - a list of effective remedies with indications, instructions for use and price

Causes of blood thickening

There are a number of factors that lead to an increase in blood viscosity, the main of which doctors consider insufficient daily water intake or its incomplete digestibility. The daily norm of this fluid for a healthy adult is an average of 30 grams per kilogram of weight( from 1.5 to 2 liters).It should be noted that carbonated drinks and water containing additional chemical compounds( juices, tea or coffee) are absorbed more slowly and with greater energy costs. In addition to the lack of fluid in the body, the following factors lead to blood thickening:

• Excess sugar and foods with a high content of simple carbohydrates in the diet.
• Dehydration due to prolonged exposure to heat, after severe diarrhea, or with increased physical exertion.
• The lack of vitamins, minerals, salts in the diet.
• High content of toxins and toxins in the body.
• Irregular unbalanced power supply.
• Diseases of the spleen leading to excessive or inadequate production of enzymes.
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• Living in an unfavorable climate.
• Varicose veins, atherosclerosis and other vascular pathologies.
• Hemorrhage in the brain.
• Heart Dysfunction.

Danger of thick blood

Increased blood viscosity can lead to the development of several life-threatening pathologies. These include the following diseases and conditions:

• Arterial hypertension is a steady increase in blood pressure.
• Thrombosis or thrombophlebitis - diseases associated with the formation of blood clots( blood clots inside blood vessels).
• Atherosclerosis is a disease associated with the deposition of cholesterol on the walls of blood vessels.
• Hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke is a disorder of the cerebral circulation.
• Myocardial infarction is a form of ischemic heart disease with the development of ischemic necrosis of the site of the heart muscle.

Signs of blood thickening

Increased blood viscosity level is accompanied by a number of nonspecific clinical signs. They are similar to the symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome, so they are often written off for overwork. The thickening of the blood is accompanied by the following reactions from the nervous system:

1. Increased fatigue.
2. Daytime drowsiness.
3. Irritability.
4. Memory impairment.

To clarify the reasons for the above conditions, you need to see a doctor. The level of blood viscosity is established by laboratory tests, and the described symptomatology is not a reason for uncontrolled use of drugs for dilution of blood or any other medications. Take any medicines possible only as directed and under the supervision of your doctor.

Drugs for the dilution of blood

Medicines that promote blood thinning are available in different dosage forms( tablets, injection solution) and based on various components. Drugs differ slightly in the mechanism of pharmacological action, selected by a doctor in accordance with the causes that caused a high level of blood viscosity, and with the individual characteristics of the patient's body. Features of drugs of different pharmacological groups are presented below:

Product name	Form	Mechanism of action	How to use and dosage	Contraindications and side effects	Price, rubles
Heparin	Solution for injection, gel for external use	Anticoagulant, antithrombotic, reduces vascular permeability.	Pricks - in a vein, infusion or injection, or subcutaneously in the abdomen. Dosage is calculated individually. Outer - 1-3 times a day.	Hypersensitivity reactions, headaches and dizziness, thrombocytopenia and local skin reactions. Contraindicated in craniocerebral trauma, hemorrhagic stroke, diseases of the vascular system, erosive and ulcerative lesions of the digestive tract	Gel - from 250 to 300;solution for injection - 350-550.
Warfarin	Tablets	The active component of the drug blocks the synthesis of vitamin K dependent clotting factors	The daily dose is 2.5 to 5 mg / day, the course duration is determined individually	Contraindicated in thrombocytopenia, ulcers of the digestive system, malignant hypertension, liver diseaseand kidneys. Can cause diarrhea and abdominal pain, local skin reactions, anemia.	From 115 to 180
Curantil	Tablets	Active active substance of the drug( dipyridamole) has a myotropic effect, inhibits platelet aggregation, improves blood microcirculation	The daily dose is up to 250 mg of the drug, it is selected individually. The drug is intended for long-term use of	. It is contraindicated for angina pectoris, heart failure, arterial hypertension, hemorrhagic diathesis. Can cause side effects from the cardiovascular and digestive systems, homeostasis system	450-750
Pradaxa	Capsules	Direct anticoagulant, thrombin inhibitor based on dabigatran etisilate mesylate.	100-300 mg 2 times per day	Adverse effects: thrombocytopenia, anemia, bronchospasm, local allergic reactions. Contraindicated in cases of abnormal liver function, renal failure, artificial heart valve	1400 rubles for 30 pieces, 2700 for 60
Aspecard	Tablets	Anti-inflammatory antithrombotic drug based on acetylsalicylic acid	100-300 mg / day	Contraindications: hemorrhagic diathesis, ulcersdigestive organs, vitamin K deficiency, severe liver and kidney disease. May cause aspirin asthma, skin allergic reactions, thrombocytopenia	80-220
Escuzan	Drops	Ingredients of the thiamin and escin composition render venotonic and antiexudative action of	3 times a day, 10-15 drops, before meals. Duration of the course is from 3 months and more.	Contraindicated in pregnancy, breastfeeding, under 12 years of age. May cause allergic reactions and dyspeptic manifestations	105-200
Cardiomagnet	Tablets	Antithrombotic agent based on acetylsalicylic acid	70-150 mg / day	Contraindications: hypersensitivity to components, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Can cause a decrease in platelet aggregation, reflux, bronchospasm, skin reactions	130-230

Blood-thinning preparations without aspirin

Drugs for blood thinning without aspirin are prescribed if there are individual contraindications to its administration or in situations where it is necessary to take a break in the use of acetylsalicylic acidthe background of its constant use, including in the form of aspirin, the level of blood platelets may drop).Examples of such drugs are as follows:

Product name	Form	Mechanism of action	How to use and dosage	Contraindications and side effects	Price, rubles
Ginkgo biloba	Tablets	Ginkgo tree extract has a vasoactive effect, improves blood flow, prevents the development of thrombosis	1-2 tablets twicefor a day	Contraindicated in case of epilepsy, gastritis, stomach ulcer and duodenal ulcer. Disorders of the digestive system, headaches	140-250
Lyton	Gel for topical use	Gel on the basis of a heparin, with antithrombotic antiexudative action	1-3 times a day is applied to the skin in the volume of the gel strip from 3 to 10 cmlength	May cause by-effects of allergic reactions, is contraindicated in cases of hypersensitivity to components, breaches of the integrity of the skin.	440-790
Flebodia	Tablets	Active components of the drug strengthen the vascular walls, prevent venous stasis, exert the phlebotension effect	1 tablet a day for 2-3 months	Contraindications: age to 18 years, lactation period. May cause dyspeptic disorders, headache, allergy	815-1600

Drugs for blood thinning after 50 years

Blood thinners in the elderly are prescribed to reduce the risk of developing a stroke or heart attack in the presence of predisposing chronic diseases( atherosclerosis, angina, thrombosis, impairmentcerebral circulation, etc.).The most popular drug based on acetylsalicylic acid is Aspirin, which is recommended daily, 50-150 mg / day.(dosage is selected individually).It interferes with the process of gluing together platelets, thereby reducing the risk of blood clots.

In the presence of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract( gastritis or ulcers) and with bronchial asthma, aspirin is not recommended( because of its adverse effect on the mucous membranes).In these cases, the designation of its analogues or more sparing forms is made. These are Aspirin-Cardio, Clopidogrel, Agregal, Exanta, Cardiomagnum. Each drug has its own contraindications and reception characteristics, therefore their use is carried out only with the permission of the attending physician.

In pregnancy,

Blood thinning agents during pregnancy should be selected with extreme caution, as taking anticoagulants or antiaggregants can provoke miscarriage( in the first trimester) or premature birth( in recent months).Any appointments are made only by a specialist after diagnostic examinations, which must be done clearly on time.

Beginning with the second trimester with hereditary thrombophilia or with other indications, a pregnant woman is prescribed a Kurantil. The use of Heparin is contraindicated only if there is a threat of miscarriage, because, according to studies, its active component does not penetrate the placental barrier. The dilution of the blood of a woman during the period of gestation is recommended to be carried out with the help of folk remedies and diet therapy, by consuming foods that improve blood composition and oxygenate it.

With varicose veins

Tablets for blood thinning prevent the progression of this disease, but help only with complex treatment, including the appointment of antiaggregants and vetotonics( to strengthen the vascular walls).Therefore, with varicose veins, the use of drugs with a combined mechanism of action, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effect( for example, Liaton gel, Dipiridamole tablets, subcutaneous injections in the stomach of Clexane or Fraksiparin) is practiced.

With thrombosis

The formation of blood clots in thrombosis increases the risk of heart attacks of organs, whose blood supply is disturbed by the progression of the disease. Initially designed to stop bleeding, thrombi move inside the vessels, disrupting blood circulation and creating acute conditions for the patient's life( heart attacks, strokes).

Patients with thrombosis show injections for blood thinning with the use of injection forms of direct antithrombotic enzymes( fibrinolysin) and indirect action( streptokinase, alteplase, streptodeacase, tenecteplase, urokinase).With thrombosis of veins, these drugs are used in a hospital, in acute conditions, with a direct threat to life. To prevent recurrence of the disease, the administration of heparin or coumarins is prescribed, the duration of the courses is calculated for a period of 3 to 6 months.

After surgical intervention,

The drug for blood thinning is prescribed and within the framework of postoperative therapy, including after operations on the vessels or on the heart( for example, the installation of a mechanical valve).The formation of thrombi during this period is one of the most common complications, so the patient is shown a course of blood thinners of indirect effects( for example, Warfarin, Sinkumar or Phenilin).Their use will reduce the risk of thrombosis and stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation.

Contraindications

Drugs for the dilution of blood of different pharmacological groups are contraindicated in a number of diseases and conditions that the doctor will take into account when performing the appointment. The use of these drugs can cause harm to health in the following cases:

1. Brain hemorrhage.
2. Predisposition to bleeding.
3. Ulcers or erosion of the gastrointestinal tract in acute form.
4. Severe renal insufficiency.
5. Gout.
6. Polyposis of the nose.
7. Individual allergic reactions.
8. Lactation period, 1st and 3rd trimester of pregnancy.
9. Age under 18 years old.

Side effects of

In addition to contraindications, blood thinning drugs also have a number of side effects caused by potent substances of their composition. Frequent negative reactions to reception are:

• Failures of the digestive system( irritation of the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract, internal bleeding, ulcers, diarrhea, etc.).
• The appearance of a rash on the skin and other forms of manifestation of an allergic reaction.
• Increased weakness or irritation.

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