The concept of a micro-insult in medical terminology is absent, this term refers to a transient ischemic attack.
There is a stereotype that the disease affects mainly elderly patients with worn out blood vessels. This is not true - a microinsult can occur even in the thirties.
Next, in the article we will tell you about the symptoms and the first signs of a micro stroke of the brain, how it manifests itself in men and what is the first aid and treatment in case of an attack.
General information
Transient ischemic attacks are divided into two types: ischemic and hemorrhagic. In the first case, there is a temporary impairment of blood circulation as a result of malfunctions in the functioning of the vascular system or an increase in the size of atherosclerotic plaques.
What is the difference
The microinsult affects only small vessels, small areas of the brain are affected, the phenomenon does not affect its functioning, therefore pathology often passes unnoticed , blood circulation in nearby areas is restored quickly enough.
The microinsult resembles a stroke, but its symptoms disappear within a few minutes, maximum after 24 hours, with a full stroke, the vessels remain blocked for a long time.
Symptoms of usual and micro-stroke most often do not differ , against a background of physical overloads, stress or increased pressure there is a strong unexpected headache, perception is disturbed.
Disorders depending on the affected area of the brain:
- movement coordination disorder;
- sensation of numbness of limbs and facial muscles;
- weakness in the limbs;
- defocus of vision;
- speech and perception disorders;
- vomiting in the background of a headache;
- gooseflesh;
- sharp sounds, bright light cause irritation;
- short-term loss of consciousness, amnesia.
Differences in male and female
The female organism is more prone to stroke, this is associated with an increased risk of blood clots and complications. Female patients are often more susceptible to stress, are more likely to focus on problems.
In addition to the standard signs, women may have the following symptoms:
- a sharp sensation of numbness, tingling in one or more limbs;
- sensations of weakness of one or both sides of the face;
- sudden severe headache;
- impossibility of constructing a related statement;
- deep, rapid breathing;
- blurred vision;
- redness of the face;
- convulsions.
Sometimes there are atypical symptoms:
- nausea;
- is depressed;
- sudden heart palpitations;
- asphyxiation;
- disorientation;
- abdominal pain;
- a sudden attack of hiccups;
- emotion out of control;
- pain in the limb;
- dry mouth.
Early undistinguished features of
The first signs of micro-stroke vary in a wide range depending on the location and diameter of the affected vessel , an important role is played also by the mechanism of pathology development( compression, spasm, thrombus, autoregulation failure of the brain blood circulation, etc.).
Transient ischemic attack may be accompanied by weakness in the muscles, blurred vision.
The first noticeable indicators of the disease
Check for the presence of a stroke in the following ways:
- standing in front of the patient to ask him to smile, with a micro stroke there is a skew or immobility of facial muscles on one side of the face;
- language, if it is put out, will be turned or bent to the side;
- one of the straightened palms turned up hands with lesions of brain circulation in a few moments will deviate to the side or down;
- when pronouncing a short phrase there is a distortion of speech, it becomes vague, as in alcoholic intoxication.
On the first signs of heart failure in women, you can find out in a separate material on our website. And what are the signs of heart failure in men and how they differ from women's - in another our article.
How to treat heart failure with folk remedies? Read about it here.
Alarming signals that must be directed to the doctor, to which
If certain symptoms appear, you should consult a therapist, a cardiologist.
Disturbing symptoms:
- confused consciousness, nausea, vomiting, convulsions;
- speech disorders;
- difficulty in trying to smile;
- severe muscle weakness or paralysis of one of the limbs;
- unexpected visual impairment;
- dizziness, high blood pressure, severe headache;
- loss of skin surface sensitivity;
- sensation of "goosebumps".
What happens when I ignore
The most dangerous consequence of a microstroke is , a high risk of developing a full stroke within the next three days of , which can provoke the death of brain cells. The cause of a new attack is irreversible damage to the brain tissue, pathology affects 30% of patients who underwent a microstroke.
First Aid Assistance
It is very important to recognize signs of the disease in a timely manner and to call an ambulance, it is necessary to take measures before its arrival. The patient should be placed on the hard surface of the , the head in order to prevent brain edema should be elevated, such measures will facilitate the conduct of rehabilitation activities.
In patients with vomiting reflexes, it is recommended that the patient should hang his head on one side, which will help to prevent vomiting in the respiratory tract and help avoid asphyxiation.
It is necessary to provide free air access to the , the collar and belt should be unbuttoned, as they can press on the body.
Whenever possible, blood pressure should be measured; under hypotensive treatment, it is recommended to take an antihypertensive drug( prescribed by a doctor).All these efforts are designed to ensure a quick arrival in yourself before the arrival of an ambulance.
The first medical assistance includes:
- a gradual decrease in blood pressure;
- improvement of the heart;
- resumption of cerebral circulation;
- improvement of metabolic processes in neural tissues;
- cupping of the brain edema;
- improvement of microcirculation of the brain.
Consequences of
Consequences may differ, much depends on the patient's age, background and severity of concomitant diseases, timeliness of the care provided. In most cases, there are no noticeable consequences, may worsen memory in some patients, care may decrease, depression, aggressiveness or tearfulness of may appear.
In any case, the transferred microstroke should become a serious reason for revising the attitude towards one's health. It is recommended to normalize a way of life, to refuse bad habits, to adhere to a diet, to undergo regular check-ups.
How not to miss a microstroke? The answer to this question in this video: