Physiotherapy for pneumonia in children

Carrying out physiotherapy with pneumonia

Pneumonia is considered a very complex disease.Proper treatment, for example, physiotherapy with pneumonia, quickly puts patients on their feet and helps to eliminate the disease without any serious consequences.But first you need to understand what pneumonia is, how physiotherapy can help in the fight against it.

Pneumonia and general information about it

Pneumonia is an infectious disease that spreads in the airways. In another way this disease is called pneumonia. Often this is due to a weakened immunity and an untreated flu, a cold. The causative agent most often is streptococcus, which is in the lungs. This list can be replenished with such pathogens as enterobacteria, staphylococcus. Most often, streptococcus is lethal to humans. It itself is in the airways and on the skin and does not bother a person with a good immune system. But as soon as a person is overcooled, he has such a disease as pneumonia.

The first sign of pneumonia is perspiration or dry cough. In the so-called respiratory tree, bacteria appear and multiply. They begin to destroy the cells of the body, and in response to this, he tries to quickly get rid of the dead substances through the respiratory tract. So, the first signs appear. Then the immune system enters the fight, the cough becomes no longer dry, but damp with sputum in the bronchi. The usual cold lasts no more than 7 days, therefore, if a person can not recover more than a week, then this is a symptom of pneumonia. As for temperature, it can be very high (38-40 ° C). Sometimes it does not fall below 37 and does not get more than 3 ° C. If the patient is not helped by antipyretic drugs, then this is also a sign of the disease. It's very painful to inhale. For shortness of breath and pale skin also should pay attention.

How does pneumonia usually occur?

Pneumonia has three stages:

• tide;
• hepatitis;
• resolution.

Often a person can recover within 3-4 weeks. It depends on the damage and the state of the human immune system.

Symptoms of the tide:

• the skin of the patient is red;
• heat;
• severe shortness of breath;
• when the patient takes a breath, he feels a pain in his chest.

This stage lasts two days. Inflammation occurs in the bronchi. They accumulate fluid, which prevents a person from breathing normally and oxygenate the body. Hence the redness of the skin.

In the second stage (hepatitis or the stage of gray curing), a liquid is released from the small blood vessels that enters the tissues. Leukocytes begin to attack pneumonia, the alveoli are filled with liquid and can not completely supply the body with oxygen. This determines the severity of the disease itself. The more tissue in the body is affected, the more difficult it will be for a person to breathe.

This stage lasts from 5 to 10 days. At this stage, heart failure may develop due to the fact that the person does not have enough air. This applies especially to the elderly who have heart disease. Because of this, there may be cyanosis of not only the lips, but also of the abdomen, of the upper limbs.

At the last stage, the inflammatory fluid dissolves, the pathological symptoms of the disease disappear.

The alveoli are gradually released, the air starts to circulate normally, the dyspnea disappears. The swelling of the airways can be very long, so the patient can still feel pain in the chest.

Treatment of pneumonia and physiotherapy

In our time, medicine has made great strides: invented antibiotics, doctors can carry out various operations, the successes of which were not even mentioned 10 years ago. There were new ways of treating acute and chronic diseases. Physiotherapy is a branch of medicine that is aimed at studying the application of physical factors of the environment. Each specialist sends his patients, adults and children, to physiotherapy. This helps to speed up the healing process and reduces the risk of further complications. Inflammation of the lungs is one of those diseases in which it is necessary to undergo a course of physiotherapy.

The physician prescribes physiotherapy procedures only for medical purposes, as they have an anti-inflammatory effect, relieve edema, and stimulate the immune system to protect the body.

There is a list of all the procedures that are used for a disease such as pneumonia:

1. Ultrasonic aerosol inhalation. Antibiotics, mucolytics, heparin are involved. This procedure is performed either using a special ultrasonic inhaler or a nebulizer. As for antibiotics, they are a broad spectrum (ceftriaxone, penicillin and so on). When appointing such a procedure, the doctor must take into account the individual characteristics of each patient and be aware of possible allergic reactions. When mucolytics, heparin and hormones are used, sputum is diluted, it is better to expectorate. This procedure lasts 10-15 minutes. In total such procedures should be 12.
2. Electrophoresis with antibiotics, various drugs that help expectoration, and heparin. When pneumonia is treated, the electrodes are placed transversely, the current strength is 8 mA. One session lasts up to 20 minutes, you need to go through 2 weeks 7 procedures.
3. Decimetric wave treatment of the lungs. It can be used almost immediately after the fever has passed. This procedure affects a person due to its electromagnetic field, whose power ranges from 35-45 W. This procedure lasts 5 minutes. This procedure is scheduled for a week and runs every day.
4. Impulsive UHF therapy. It is prescribed for children who have very weak immunity. Special capacitor plates, the size of which is 12-15 cm, are placed on the chest to the child transversely. The power that these plates give out is not more than 13-15 W, and the duration of the session is 10 minutes. Need to perform every day for 10 days.
5. Magnitophoresis with the help of antibacterial drugs in the respiratory system. Two inducers are applied to the thorax above and below the inflammatory region. They are put side "N" to the surface of the human body. You need 10 sessions (30 minutes each day).
6. Ultraviolet radiation. The thorax is irradiated through a perforated stabilizer. One dose per day is required. The duration of the course of treatment is about 10 days.
7. Chest massage. This physiotherapy is performed in order to improve the clearance of sputum, drainage of the bronchi. This pleasant course of treatment must be completed at least 10 times.

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Contraindications to physiotherapy

It happens that not all are suitable for these procedures. They have a number of contraindications:

1. If a person has a peak of the disease, which is accompanied by complete exhaustion of the body and fever.
2. The patient has a malignant tumor.
3. The patient has a cardiovascular disease, which is at the stage of abnormal functioning.
4. Atherosclerosis of the vessels in the brain.
5. Poor blood coagulation (hemophilia).
6. In children with developing neurotoxicosis.

Treatment of pneumonia can not occur without physioprocedures. They help the human body to get out of the sick state, get stronger and restore the immune system to normal. But these procedures can not be carried out at the height of the disease, as this can worsen the patient's condition, which will endanger life and lead to serious consequences.

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At the slightest suspicion of pneumonia, every person should consult a doctor for help. It is impossible to cure this disease independently.

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Physiotherapy, exercise therapy, respiratory gymnastics with pneumonia

Physiotherapy stimulates the mechanisms of recovery in acute pneumonia. With severe intoxication and fever, physiotherapy is not carried out, only mustard plasters, cans, alcohol-oil compresses are allowed.

Inhalation therapy

Inhalation therapy can be used to improve the drainage function of the bronchi, the ventilation function of the lungs, and also with an anti-inflammatory effect. It should be prescribed inhalation taking into account individual tolerance and not in the most acute period. However, inhalation bronchodilators can be used in the case of bronchospastic reactions, regardless of the period of the disease.

With anti-inflammatory and antibacterial, bioparox can be recommended. It is a dosed aerosol preparation with a wide spectrum of action (effective for Gram-positive and Gram-negative cocci flora, Gram-positive sticks, mycoplasma). Bioparox reduces hypersecretion and reduces productive cough in bronchitis, reduces the irritative cough with laryngitis and tracheitis. The drug is inhaled every 4 hours for 4 breaths per inhalation.

You can use anti-inflammatory herbal teas (chamomile, St. John's wort) in the form of inhalations. To remove bronchospasm and improve the drainage function of the bronchi, inhalations of euphyllin, euphyrine, novorrine, solutane and others are used. (cm. "Treatment of chronic bronchitis").

For dilution and better separation of sputum, inhalation of acetylcysteine ​​is used. For the preparation of aerosols, ultrasonic inhalers should be used.

In the period of the planned recovery, aeroionotherapy with negatively charged ions is suitable (they increase ventilation, increase oxygen consumption, and have a desensitizing effect).

Electrophoresis

With an anti-inflammatory purpose and to accelerate the resorption of the inflammatory focus, electrophoresis of calcium chloride, potassium iodide, lidase, heparin is applied to the area of ​​localization of the pneumonia focus.

In the case of bronchospastic syndrome, electrophoresis is prescribed for euphyllin, platyphylline, magnesium sulfate on the chest, for cough and chest pain, electrophoresis of novocaine, and dicain.

The electric field of UHF

The electric field of UHF accelerates the resorption of the inflammatory focus, reduces exudation, strengthens the capillary circulation, has a bacteriostatic effect, reduces intoxication. UHF is assigned to an inflammatory focus in a low-heat dose and combined or alternated with calcium chloride or potassium iodide electrophoresis.

It should be remembered that the currents of UHF contribute to the development of pneumosclerosis. Consequently, with the development of pneumonia in the background of chronic bronchitis, the UHF field is contraindicated.

Inductothermy

Inductothermy - the effect on the body of a high-frequency magnetic field (short-wave diathermy). The procedure strengthens blood and lymph circulation, increases metabolism, relaxes smooth and striated muscles, has analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effects. Inductothermy is administered to patients with a common inflammatory process in the lungs. With prolonged pneumonia, combine or alternate inductothermy on the chest and adrenal glands.

After inductothermy, it is expedient to prescribe electrophoresis of heparin, nicotinic acid for the quick resolution of the inflammatory infiltrate.

Ultrahigh-frequency electromagnetic field (microwave therapy)

Microwave oscillations are used in two ranges - centimeter (CMV-therapy) and decimeter (DMV-therapy).

SMV-therapy is performed by the apparatus "Luch-58" and promotes the resolution of inflammatory infiltrate in the lungs. The depth of penetration into the tissue is 3-5 cm. Foci, located at a greater depth, are not available to the effect. CMV-therapy is often poorly tolerated by patients with ischemic heart disease.

The DMV therapy is produced by the "Volna-2" Camomile "Ranet" and has advantages over other methods.

In the treatment of decimeter waves on the tissue, an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency (433-460 MHz) and low power (up to 70-100 W) is applied. For DMV-therapy is characterized by a high degree of absorption of ultrahigh-frequency energy, a deep penetration into the tissue (7-9 cm), which provides a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect and a positive effect on the function of the external respiration. DMV-therapy allows you to concentrate parallel beams and provide only local effects. The procedure is well tolerated even in patients with IHD.

DMV-therapy can be prescribed in the first 2-7 days after lowering body temperature to normal or low-grade figures. Affect the chest in the projection of the inflammatory focus for 10-15 minutes daily. The course of treatment - 19-12 procedures.

Applications, acupuncture

In the resolution phase of pneumonia, the patient is recommended paraffin, ozocerite, mud applications, as well as various methods of acupuncture: acupuncture, electro acupuncture, laser puncture. Under the influence of acupuncture, vegetative-somatic disorders are normalized, the compensatory-adaptive capabilities of the organism are increased, which promotes the fastest resolution of the inflammatory focus, the elimination of bronchospastic manifestations, the normalization of mucociliary function apparatus.

Needle reflexotherapy is not indicated for patients with fever, intoxication, pulmonary and cardiac failure, with pronounced morphological changes in the lungs.

Healing Fitness

When exercising exercise therapy, the mobility of the chest improves, the Jelness increases, the circulatory system improves and supplying tissues with oxygen, improving the protective capacity of the body, improving ventilation and drainage function bronchi. All this ultimately accelerates the resorption of the inflammatory focus in the lungs.

LFK appointed on the 2-3rd day of lower body temperature, with a satisfactory state of the patient.

In the acute period of pneumonia, treatment is carried out by position. The patient is recommended to lie on a healthy side 3-4 hours a day. This situation improves the aeration of the sick lung. To reduce the formation of adhesions in the diaphragm-rib corner, it is recommended to lie on a healthy side with a roller under the rib cage. The position on the abdomen reduces the formation of adhesions between the diaphragmatic pleura and the posterior thoracic wall, the position on the back is between the diaphragm pleura and the anterior thoracic wall.

Thus, in the acute period of the disease, it is necessary to change the position during the day.

During the stay of the patient on a bed rest, with a decrease in body temperature, static breathing exercises are appointed to enhance inhalation and exhalation and improvement of sputum discharge (deep nose inhalation and slow exhalation, lightly pressing the arms on the chest and upper abdomen to enhance exhalation).

As the patient's condition improves, breathing exercises are combined with exercises for the limbs and trunk, then respiratory exercises with resistance to increase the strength of the respiratory muscles. Dosed squeezing of this or that part of the chest corresponding to the initial strength of the respiratory muscles is performed.

Breathing exercises are best performed in a sitting or standing position.

As the clinical state of the patient improves, general restorative physical exercises are prescribed, in further include walking, sports and applied exercises (walking, ball games, fitness equipment, a bike).

In all exercises of therapeutic gymnastics necessarily includes a set of breathing exercises, taking into account the following rules: the breath corresponds to the straightening of the body, the dilution or raising of hands, the exhalation - bending the body, note or lowering hands.

Very important is the training of diaphragmatic breathing in the supine or standing position. The patient stands with widely spaced legs; pulling his hands to the sides, takes a breath, then, moving his hands forward and bending down, produces a slow exhalation, during which it is necessary to draw in the abdominal muscles.

If the patient lies on his back, he puts his hands on his stomach and makes a long exhalation, blowing the air with his mouth; With his hands at this time, he pushes the front abdominal wall, exhaling.

Breathing exercises to increase the strength of the diaphragm is advisable to accompany sounds or short, following one another a series of exhalation movements (tremors), during which the abdominal muscles tense and at the same time there is a reduction aperture.

Massage of a difficult cell

Chest massage significantly improves microcirculation in the lungs, drainage function of the bronchi, promotes resorption of inflammatory infiltration in the lungs. Massage is used at all stages of the disease, taking into account body temperature, intoxication, and the state of the cardiovascular system.

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How do children recover after pneumonia?

Rehabilitation after pneumonia in children is a rather complex and lengthy process. Pneumonia, or acute inflammation of the lung tissue - a common disease. It is dangerous not only the critical stage of this disease, but also its consequences and possible relapses.

Practice shows that with timely treatment and the right doctor's appointments, the focal form of inflammation disappears in 10-12 days. But it's too early to talk about full recovery. An untreated lung inflammation is fraught with serious complications.

Look for the root cause!

Pneumonia is an infection. It can be caused by:

• bacteria (groups of pneumococci, streptococci, intestinal and Pseudomonas aeruginosa);
• viruses (herpes, influenza, adenoviruses);
• fungal pathogens (candidias and aspergillas).

The way in which the infection penetrates the child's body is usually the oral cavity and upper respiratory tract. In inflammatory processes in other internal organs with blood flow, it can also enter the lungs.

In order to prevent a recurrence of the disease and accelerate the process of recovery, it is important to find out why the child was sick. It can be reduced immunity, foci of infection in preschool and school children, chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract (bronchitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis).

The culprit can be an unfavorable environment: a gassed, industrial area in which the child lives or spends most of the time. It is necessary to assess impartially the frequency and quality of cleaning in the apartment. It is elementary to think about the need to ventilate the room more often.

Year under supervision

Inflammatory lung diseases in children today are treated in hospitals. Typically, the child is discharged a month after the control X-ray.

In any case, the patient must be registered with a pediatrician or pulmonologist within a year. Approximately the same time will be required for complete rehabilitation of the body.

In the first month after discharge, they complete the course of taking antibiotics and take bronchodilators and expectorants, as well as preparations for restoring intestinal microflora. The attending physician will give recommendations on the best diet for the child. In the period after inflammation, vitamin A is especially needed, which will help in the recovery of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract. Therefore, the menu should be: apricots, carrots, egg yolk, liver, broccoli.

In cereals (rice, wheat, oatmeal), nuts, chocolate, turkey, lamb and duck contains a rather large amount of zinc. It is established that it is able to ensure the integrity of the cells of the respiratory tract in case of inflammation or damage to the lungs.

Make sure that the child is drinking enough water. Water helps to thin the mucus that has accumulated in the lungs. This makes it easier to expectorate.

Tasks of the recovery period

Parents should know and understand the purpose for which a complex of various activities is held, which requires a lot of time and effort. The complex includes the following tasks:

• it is necessary in order to avoid complications and relapses to accelerate the resorption of inflammatory exudates, for which stimulate blood supply and lymph circulation in the lungs;
• be sure to monitor the separation of sputum, a measure to prevent the development of bronchiectasis;
• it is necessary to train the respiratory muscles, to restore the rhythm of breathing;
• it is required to strengthen and support all the systems of the body;
• it is important to carry out physiotherapeutic treatment.

When the patient normalized the temperature, you can start a course of physiotherapy.This method of treatment has proved its anti-inflammatory, bacteriostatic, immunostimulating efficacy.
In rehabilitation after pneumonia in children, physiotherapy is compulsory. But some parents are very wary of her. Let's see what the main types of physiotherapy are:

1. UHF - a method of treatment by an electric field of ultrahigh frequency. It has been used for a long time and very successfully. The mothers of today's children can recall their childhood and so-called warming up: two plates in tissue bags. UHF has anti-inflammatory effect, improves sputum discharge, promotes immunity. There are practically no contraindications to the use of UHF therapy in childhood and adolescence.
2. UV - ultraviolet irradiation. For decades, it has been used to combat viruses, bacteria and inflammatory processes of various pathologies. In reasonable doses, UFO is harmless.
3. Inductothermy. The principle of action is based on an alternating magnetic field. When this procedure is performed, the child feels warm.
4. Laser therapy. Improves microcirculation in lung tissue, reduces spasm of smooth muscles of the bronchi, enhances the effect of antibiotics due to the intensification of blood flow in the lungs.
5. Electrophoresis combines the effects of direct current and drug (Ribonuclease, Streptomycin, Trypsin) on the body. Contraindications: acute form of the disease, dermatitis.
6. Inhalations. Depending on the physical state of the inhaled substances, inhalations can be: dry, moist, oily. This procedure is especially convenient because after receiving the necessary recommendations of a doctor, it can be carried out at home.

Now there are household inhalers - nebulizers. They spray the drug onto dispersed particles. The latter are able to reach the deep divisions of the respiratory system (bronchi and bronchioles). Contraindications inhalation for allergic reactions.

To modern, but still rare types of rehabilitation measures can be attributed speleotherapy and halotherapy, which is based on recreating the artificial microclimate of caves.

Therapeutic and respiratory gymnastics

With pneumonia, the bronchi are filled with a secret that leads to hypostatic (congestive) phenomena, the consequence of which is respiratory failure and subsequent complications. With this problem helps to cope with a special course of exercise. Now there are author's methods of treatment-and-prophylactic complexes, including for children. Classes in groups of physiotherapy exercises are conducted by doctors at hospitals and polyclinics. In any case, specific recommendations you can get from a doctor who observes your child.

Physical education begins as soon as the temperature of the patient normalizes.

The simplest exercise is turning from one side to the other, from the abdomen to the back. The inflammatory process causes unpleasant, even painful sensations. The child instinctively turns over to another less painful side. Mom should ensure that he does not sleep on one side, otherwise it can lead to the development of adhesive processes.

Respiratory (breathing) gymnastics. A simple but effective exercise: put your hands on your stomach and take deep breaths at least 15 times. It is important that these and other prescribed by the doctor exercises must be performed in the presence of an adult! Sometimes hobby and uncontrolled activities lead to nausea, dizziness and even fainting.

Subsequently, if the healing process is normal, you should regularly walk outdoors. Pine forest, seashore, eucalyptus grove - ideal for walks.

About the benefits of massage

Inflammations of the lungs are associated with coughing attacks. At the same time, the musculature of the thorax tightens. Complaints are especially frequent that everything hurts in the chest and in the abdomen, in toddlers of kindergarten age. Therefore, one of the main purposes of the massage: to relieve tension, relaxing the muscles.

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But babies massage is always indicated because it allows you to restore the drainage system of the lungs: to facilitate cough and expectoration.

It is better to entrust a massage to a specialist.

All of the foregoing - only the main measures for the rehabilitation of a child after pneumonia. Parents need to carefully listen to the recommendations of a pediatrician, do not hesitate to ask him about what they do not understand.

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Start a notebook in which to record daily observations of the child (temperature, sleep, appetite), write down what he took the medicine. Take this notebook to your doctor. Detailed records of the patient's condition will be useful to him.

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Physiotherapy for pneumonia

Pneumonia is an acute disease, mainly infectious etiology, characterized by a focal lesion of the respiratory parts of the lungs, the presence intra-alveolar exudation revealed by physical and / or instrumental examination, varying degrees of fever and intoxication. The sequence of disease processes includes stages of bacterial aggression, clinical stabilization, morphological and functional recovery of the bronchopulmonary system.

Complex treatment of pneumonia is carried out in hospital (hospital) conditions. The list of physiotherapeutic procedures is very diverse and corresponds to the stage of the disease course.

From physiotherapeutic purposes on the first place there are heat and moisture inhalations of solutions of antibiotics and sulfanilamide preparations, which are replaced in the next phase of the pathological process by inhalation therapy mucolytics.

The second for etiopathological significance is the drug electrophoresis of the necessary medications.

In subsequent stages, UHF DMV CMV-therapy and inductothermy on the thoracic region are traditionally used.

Prevention of recurrence of inflammation is facilitated by procedures of ultrasound therapy according to conventional methods.

Of the methods of light therapy, the optimal impact of NLI is laser (magnetolaser) therapy, as well as course (at least 7 daily procedures) intravenous laser irradiation of the blood. More problematic is the irradiation of blood with ultraviolet radiation because of undesirable consequences due to possible overdose effects of the factor and damage to cellular blood cells due to objective reasons for the lack of precise dosimetric control.

Corresponding procedures of water-heating therapy are pathogenetically conditioned and widely used for the treatment of patients with pneumonia according to generally accepted methods.

The task of the family doctor at the inpatient stage of supervising the patient is to justify the expediency and convince doctors hospital to conduct procedures UHF DMV CMV therapy and inductothermy on different areas of the patient's body in athermal mode impact.

In most cases, patients with pneumonia in the stage of reconvalescence still in inpatient settings need psychological rehabilitation by affecting the frontal lobes of the brain with the aid of the Azor-IC apparatus; techniques and procedures for conducting procedures are similar, as in COPD. As an alternative to psychological rehabilitation by information-wave action, it is recommended to conduct electro-therapy using standard methods.

After discharge from the hospital, the family doctor is obligated to continue the treatment of patients who have had pneumonia at home, since the reconvalescence stage may be protracted. During this period, from the physiotherapeutic procedures, the information-wave effect was shown using the Azor-IC apparatus.

Procedures are carried out by a contact, stable method on the exposed areas of the patient's body.

Fields of influence: - on the area of ​​the middle third of the sternum, II - on the interscapular area of ​​the spine, III - on the area of ​​projection on the chest of the eliminated focus of inflammation of the lung tissue.

The frequency of modulation of EMP is 10 Hz, the time of exposure to one field is 20 minutes, for a course of 10 to 15 procedures daily 1 time a day in the morning hours (until 12 noon).

Possible repetition (3 to 5 days after discharge from the hospital) of psychological rehabilitation with the help of the apparatus "Azor-IK" on the projection of the frontal lobes of the patient's head on a combined method. Effects are carried out contact, stably, 2 times a day.

The frequency of modulation of EMP of 21 Hz in the morning hours after awakening and 2 Hz - before night sleep.

Time of action on the field is 20 minutes, for a course of 7 - 10 daily.

A very effective method that contributes to the functional recovery of the bronchopulmonary system is daily procedures in the evening (after 1 hour after dinner) on the Frolov breathing apparatus (TDI-01) on the attached to this inhaler methods. This simulator is recommended to have every patient with chronic bronchopulmonary pathology in personal property. Procedures on the Frolov breathing apparatus should be carried out both in a hospital after elimination of the active phase of the inflammatory process, and at home after discharge from the hospital (hospital). The duration of daily procedures is from 1 week to 3 months.

It is possible to consistently perform procedures on the same day in outpatient and outpatient settings after the pneumonia (interval between procedures is not less than 30 min):

• information-wave action with the help of the Azor-IC apparatus + procedures on Frolov's breathing simulator;
• procedures of psychological rehabilitation with the help of the apparatus "Azor-IK" + procedures on the Frolov breathing apparatus;
• information-wave impact with the help of the Azor-IC apparatus + psychological rehabilitation procedures with the help of Azor-IC apparatus + procedures on the Frolov breathing apparatus.

Who to contact?

Physiotherapist Pulmonologist

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Treatment of pneumonia in children

Pneumonia is a disease that is better known only in theory, however, as well as about any other. Nevertheless, the statistics are not comforting - three children out of five at least once, but have suffered this disease. Most often it overtakes children in a particularly tender age - in 2-3 years. It is noteworthy that her clinical picture, symptomatology and, of course, treatment, is significantly different from how it all goes in adults. Inflammation of the lungs (as the illness is commonly called in everyday life) is a significant danger to the health and life of children, so timely diagnosis and treatment is extremely important.

Treatment of pneumonia in children

Treatment of pneumonia in a child is prescribed by a doctor who decides and in what conditions it is more expedient to carry it out. So, if the child's age is less than 3 years, the disease is severe and there is a risk of complications, then the treatment is carried out in a hospital. If the course of the disease is smooth, then it makes sense to leave the child at home under the supervision of loving relatives.

When treating a child at home, it is important to ensure that he is adherent to bed rest. For better ventilation of the lungs, you can raise the pillows and mark the baby in the semi-sitting position. The room where the patient is located should be cleaned regularly and ventilated. Food should correspond to the child's age requirements, be easy to use and warm, in addition, the baby's diet should include an abundant vitaminized drink - a broth of dogrose, juices, fresh fruit berries and fruit. It is better to exclude fried, fatty, hot and smoked for a while at all.

Pneumonia in children without fever

In recent years, the word "atypical pneumonia" has been heard more often, but few know how it differs from pneumonia "typical". Its main difference is that it is caused by specific pathogens - staphylococci, pneumococci, chlamydia and mycoplasmas. Most often it occurs in children, adults rarely experience this disease.

In addition, the picture of the disease is different - atypical pneumonia often passes without a rise in temperature and is more similar to the usual ARI. The blood counts may not change. The child is tormented by a debilitating dry cough, more characteristic of acute bronchitis. Treatment of this disease also has its own characteristics, since the pathogens of SARS do not react to all antibiotics, but only to certain ones. For the purpose of an appropriate drug, sputum analysis is taken for sensitivity to antibacterial drugs. Only in this case the treatment will be effective.

Antibiotics for pneumonia in children

Because pneumonia is caused by an infectious-inflammatory process, it can not do without antibiotic therapy. The drug, corresponding to the nature and severity of the disease, from the whole variety of modern medicine available in the arsenal, should be selected only by a doctor. In no case should one self-medicate and give the child antibiotics without prescribing a doctor.

In addition to the use of antibiotics in the treatment of pneumonia in children, the following methods and means of rehabilitation after pneumonia in children are also used:

1. Medicines that promote the production of sputum, decongestants, antipyretic drugs.
2. Massage for pneumonia in children. It is recommended to begin with 4-5 days from the moment of diagnosis of the disease, when the inflammatory process is already on the decline. Massage is performed in the supine position on the back. The main massage movements - longitudinal strokes, ring kneading of large pectoral muscles, rubbing intercostal spaces.
3. Physiotherapy for pneumonia in children is widely used in the complex treatment of pneumonia.Its main methods are: mustard wraps, cans, warm baths, ultraviolet irradiation, UHF therapy.

Prevention of pneumonia in children

There are two types of preventive measures: primary and secondary. Primary prevention includes general recommendations regarding hardening, compliance with the regime, providing the child with adequate nutrition and sufficient physical activity.

Secondary prevention consists in providing a complete cure for pneumonia and protecting the child from infection to prevent relapse.

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Features of physiotherapy with bronchitis

Physiotherapy with bronchitis is a series of measures aimed at suppressing the inflammatory process and improving the drainage function of the bronchi. The main task of physiotherapy is aimed at improving and strengthening the body as a whole.

In chronic bronchitis, all treatment measures are carried out both during the period of exacerbation of the disease, and during its remission. In an acute process, all procedures are appointed immediately after an acute period has passed and the temperature has returned to normal.

Methods of physiotherapy

Physioprocedures have a very positive effect on the person's health, reduce discomfort and inflammation in bronchitis. In addition, such procedures regulate blood supply. The most effective and popular methods of physiotherapy include:

1. Inhalation - carried out without any exposure to electrical appliances.

It should be noted that inhalation can be used without fear by children and pregnant women. Medications that are used for such a procedure are faster and better absorbed than those that are administered orally. For inhalations, as a rule, substances such as 2% sodium chloride solution with various herbs (sage, coltsfoot, chamomile) are used. Any expectorant is widely used.

Today, ultrasonic inhalations using nebulizers are very popular. Their distinctive feature is that some of them are intended for mineral waters and special medical solutions, and others for oil and herbal solutions.

Another plus of such procedures is that they can be easily carried out at home. To do this, you need to buy a special device for inhalations and herbs in the pharmacy. Experts do not advise themselves to choose herbs for this procedure. It is better to consult a doctor. This will help to avoid possible side effects in the form of an unexpected allergic reaction.

Although inhalation is a very effective method of fighting bronchitis, they can not be carried out by all patients.

It is better to refuse this procedure in the midst of an illness, and with purulent endobronchitis. Contraindications for such treatment are cancer.

1. Massage of the chest is also an effective method, which does not require the negative impact of medications.

A professional masseur pushes the index and ring finger on the patient's chest. The masseur performs pleasant stroking, kneading and rubbing. During the procedure, a special heated oil is used. The duration of such a massage, as a rule, does not exceed 5 minutes. For a good result, no less than 5 such procedures are required.

1. UHF-therapy - this procedure is very useful, as it stimulates the protective functions of the body, reduces pain during an illness and has an anti-inflammatory effect.

During UHF therapy, the human body is affected by a high-frequency electric field. The duration of such a procedure, as a rule, does not exceed 20 minutes. A total of 6 to 12 such effects on the body. On the day should be conducted on 2 UHF-therapy.

1. Electrophoresis in bronchitis is also a fairly common physiotherapy method.

The essence of this procedure is the interaction of the patient introduced into the patient's body with a special preparation and electric current. The current promotes the rapid delivery of drugs to the source of the disease. Electrophoresis promotes the prompt separation and dilution of sputum and several times increases the effectiveness of taking appliques and tablets.

1. Magnetotherapy is also used for bronchitis. With the help of this procedure, specialists reduce the inflammatory process and improve metabolism. It should also be noted that magnetotherapy has a small analgesic effect.

A complex approach

For the best result, physiological procedures are often combined with activities that contribute to the overall hardening of the body. To such activities can be attributed water procedures.

Very popular are coniferous and salt baths, circular shower and body wiping with water.

Doctors recommend patients with bronchitis from time to time to apply warming compresses or to visit saunas and baths.

Very useful breathing exercises and physical exercises.

Physiotherapy in the treatment of babies

Physiotherapy methods that are used to treat adults differ slightly from those that can be applied to children. The thing is that the child's body is not as strong as the body of an adult, so all methods of treating bronchitis should pass with the least strain on the organs and tissues of the baby.

In the treatment of crumbs, ultraviolet irradiation is very often used. This method has such positive properties. as:

1. Reduction of the inflammatory process and edema.
2. Normalization of metabolic processes in the child's body.
3. Activation of the adaptive function of the body.
4. Improved sputum evacuation.
5. Stimulation of immunity.

In general, with bronchitis, doctors conduct irradiation of the patient's chest.

Well-proven method of treating bronchitis in children, as KUF-therapy.In this case, the baby's organism is affected by shortwave ultraviolet radiation, which has a mycicide and bactericidal effect.

Phytotherapy at home

It's no secret that various herbs and medicinal preparations are very effective in many diseases. Bronchitis is no exception. Medicinal plants can be used both during remission and during exacerbations.

To enhance the expectorant effect and treatment of chronic bronchitis, doctors usually prescribe such plants as:

1. Oregano - from this plant at home you can prepare a very effective tincture. To do this, you need to mix in 75 grams of water 75 grams oregano. The received product should be taken in warm form for ½ cup at least 3 times a day for 20 minutes before meals.
2. Cyanosis root - this plant can also be used for cooking tinctures. 8 g of cyanosis root should be brewed in 200 g of water and take the received liquid 3 spoons a day after eating.
3. Mother-and-stepmother - to prepare a medicinal broth you need to brew 10 g of a plant in 200 g of boiling water. As soon as the liquid cools down, it can be taken in by 2 spoons every 3 hours.
4. Kalina vulgaris - 1 cup of fruit of the plant should be filled with 1 glass of boiling water and cook the resulting consistency for at least 10 minutes. Ready-made broth should be filtered, cooled and add to it 3 spoonfuls of honey. Decoction of the common viburnum must be taken on ½ cup 3 times a day.

Prevention of exacerbations

The patient, as a rule, immediately understands that he had an exacerbation.

This is indicated by an increased amount and a change in the appearance of sputum. In it impurities of pus appear. At the slightest suspicion of exacerbation of the bronchitis, the patient should immediately seek help from a doctor.

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It should be noted that neglected exacerbations are stopped only with the help of corticosteroids. For the prevention of prescription drugs that protect the body of the patient from infections of the upper respiratory tract. Such drugs should be taken every month for 10 days. The duration of treatment should not be less than 6 months. If this is not done, then there is a great risk that the symptoms of the disease will soon return.

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