The heart muscle - a unique tissue of the human body, is inherent in only one organ. Her cells, cardiomyocytes, have high elasticity and the ability to rhythmically contract due to the structure of the muscle.
If you look at them under a microscope, then the branching structure of the tissue and the connection of one cell with several neighboring ones are noticeable. This allows cardiomyocytes to instantaneously transmit impulses, stretch and contract, like a balloon.
What is cardiovascular disease? This is a trauma to the heart tissue, which leads to scarring with an inelastic connective tissue( muscle).Substitution is localized on the damaged area of the heart, it can increase the area of spread.
Sections of a healthy heart muscle get a load 2-3 times more than normal. This often leads to the restructuring and modification of even healthy areas.
The disease carries the irreversible chronic and develops as a complication or consequence of other cardiac ailments.
The main causes of
The 4 main risk groups of patients who have acquired cardiovascular disorders of the following forms are allocated :
- atherosclerotic - narrowing of the coronary vessels;
- postinfarction - healing of infarct fractures;
- myocardial - inflammation and destruction of cardiac tissue;
- others - little studied and rarely found( irradiation with radiation, sarcoidosis, scleroderma, etc.).
There are several reasons for the development of cardiosclerosis, but it is difficult to determine the exact origin of the disease. Symptoms appear at the latest stages of the development of cardiosclerosis , when it can no longer be cured.
Signs of the disease in stages
Cardiosclerosis develops in 3 stages of .Each of them has different signs. The difficulty is that the symptoms are similar to a variety of heart diseases. The patient may not even suspect the presence of cardiosclerosis, if its manifestations are no different from the symptoms of a provocative disease.
Stages and symptoms of cardiosclerosis:
- The patient feels well at rest .Physical exertion causes shortness of breath and tachycardia.
-
The problems of the left and right ventricle manifest themselves in different forms:
- left-sided cardiosclerosis - cyanosis of limbs is added at the time of active physical activity;
- right-sided - edema of limbs after the day, cyanosis;
- blood stasis, reduced ability to work, fast fatigue, edema and liver enlargement are typical for any type of cardiosclerosis.
- The discomfort of the , which previously bothered only after loads, acquires constancy at rest.
How to recognize the
Each heart cell performs its functions, the inferior performance of which affects the operability, the systems and organs depending on it. Several persistent symptoms of cardiac cardiosclerosis will indicate problems with the left or right ventricle.
Sinus rhythm of the heart - what does it mean and what is it responsible for? Is its violation dangerous? Find out all of our publication.
Is it worth it to be frightened if the ECG detects an axis deviation to the left? Why is this happening and what can it lead to? Read here.
How to identify the syndrome of early repolarization on the ECG and cure this pathology in a timely manner, our next material will tell.
On the left side of the
Appearance of shortness of breath in the horizontal position of the body. The lungs fill a large volume of blood, causing the patient to cough, feel shortages of air, dizziness, suffocation. Accompanying external signs:
- pallor of the skin;
- profuse sweating;
- hoarseness and unstable breathing;
- foam at the mouth of a pink color.
A frequent pulse and low blood pressure are characteristic. To alleviate an attack, take a vertical posture.
With right
Edema of the lower limbs, which begins to develop from the feet, shins, gradually spreads to the whole body:
- increased veins and liver;
- accumulation of fluid in the pleural, abdominal cavity subcutaneous tissue, pericardium.
Are there suspicions? Run to the doctor!
Cardiosclerosis is a complex disease, which can be diagnosed only by a cardiologist based on:
- patient complaints;
- previous history;
- of ECG, MRI, EchoCG.
Treatment is carried out medication with regular intervals, in very severe cases - surgical. Medication directed to:
- symptom relief;
- improved metabolism in the heart muscle;
- elimination of heart failure;
- normalization of heart rate and conduction;
- fluid accumulation warning.
How to prevent exacerbations and complications
The main rule of patients with cardiac problems is to avoid excessive physical activity and excessive loads.
Adhere to a healthy diet, eliminate bad habits, perform health gymnastics - these are also the "bricks" of the health of a damaged heart.
Regular medical supervision and treatment will help to live with the disease, but without painful symptoms.
The 4 main risk groups of patients who have acquired cardiovascular disorders of the following forms are allocated : The problems of the left and right ventricle manifest themselves in different forms:
- left-sided cardiosclerosis - cyanosis of limbs is added at the time of active physical activity;
- right-sided - edema of limbs after the day, cyanosis;
- blood stasis, reduced ability to work, fast fatigue, edema and liver enlargement are typical for any type of cardiosclerosis.
Sinus rhythm of the heart - what does it mean and what is it responsible for? Is its violation dangerous? Find out all of our publication.
Is it worth it to be frightened if the ECG detects an axis deviation to the left? Why is this happening and what can it lead to? Read here.
How to identify the syndrome of early repolarization on the ECG and cure this pathology in a timely manner, our next material will tell.
