Traveler's Diarrhea

What is travel diarrhea? Behind this specific term lies the disorder of the stool in people arriving in an unfamiliar climatic zone. Diarrhea can occur even without the fact of poisoning or disruption of the digestive system. It is quite enough for a man to try an unusual dish for himself.

Reasons for

The cause of the development of travel diarrhea in most cases is the E. coli. It is diagnosed in 72% of all cases of treatment. The main reasons for the doctors are:

• infection with E. coli, lamblia, rotavirus, causative agents of dysentery;
• changing the habitual diet, drinking water;
• stressful situation for the body, caused by the move;
• non-compliance with personal hygiene;
• presence in the diet of a large number of fruits.

Diarrhea due to a change in diet and habitual climatic conditions, takes place in a fairly short time. Get the causative agent of intestinal infection in the following ways:

• in restaurants and cafes - not the fact that the food passed qualitative heat treatment, and the institution is strictly respected the rules of sanitation;
• with food purchased on the street;
• after consumption of poorly washed fruit;
• with unboiled water, etc.

The group of the most dangerous products includes:

• meat with blood;
• seafood;
• not processed dairy products;
• fruit;
• leafy vegetables;
• water.

Symptoms of the disease

Typical symptoms of travelers' diarrhea are: frequent fluid stools, tenderness in the abdomen, attacks of nausea, vomiting, convulsions, bloating, muscle and joint pain. There is a headache, the presence of blood in the stool, the development of dehydration, fainting, cold sweat, fever.

In rare cases, Guillain-Barre syndrome can form. The condition is characterized by the destruction of nerve tissues at the periphery. The result is sluggish paralysis, a sense of weakness, a violation of the sensitivity of the skin.

First aid

For the development of pathological symptoms it is recommended to seek medical help. Before the visit to the doctor, the following measures can be taken. It is necessary to drink a lot. This will help restore the damaged fluid. To make up for the salt balance, you need to take special solutions-rehydrates - Regidron or Tour.

The product can be prepared by yourself: in 1 liter of warm boiled water you need to dissolve the soda( 1 tsp) and mole( 1/2 tbsp.).To enhance the effect, you need to add orange juice( 200 ml).You need to take any adsorbent drug - Smecta, activated carbon, Enterosgel, Enterol - and also a probiotic, for example, Lineks.

A diet is required. The patient is allowed:

• to drink fruit juices diluted with boiled water in equal proportions;
• hot low-fat broths, in particular, chicken;
• drinks containing caffeine;
• white bread crumbs, biscuit biscuits;
• rice decoction;
• apple puree;
• porridge.

It is forbidden:

• black bread;
• fresh vegetables and fruits;
• spices;
• coffee;
• dairy products;
• fatty / salty foods and foods.

Treatment of disease

If the disease proceeds in mild form, then the person can be treated alone. For this purpose it is necessary to take sorbents and rehydration solutions. These drugs must always be taken with you to all trips to hot countries. Before the normalization of the condition, it is necessary to follow the principles of dietary nutrition. After stabilizing the state of the menu it is allowed to expand to the usual.

Enteropathogenic bacillus

Especially dangerous is infection with an enteroinvasive rod. The condition is accompanied by the following symptoms: complete absence of appetite, dizziness and weakness, joint and muscle pains, significant fever, unformed stool containing blood and mucus, spastic pain in the intestines.

At the beginning of the disease, the stool is infrequent - no more than three to four times a day. But in the absence of adequate therapy, diarrhea becomes more frequent, and the number of acts of defecation can reach 15 or more times.

The condition is aggravated by nausea and vomiting. The patient is hospitalized. With adequate treatment, a disorder of the stool and high body temperature lasts several days.

Infection of Escherichia coli

The patient's condition does not deteriorate immediately. The first signs of infection can appear after a few days. The period depends on the activity of the rods that penetrated the human body. Infection is accompanied by a characteristic symptom of intestinal infection:

• frequent vomiting;
• regular urge to defecate;
• low body temperature - not higher than 37 degrees;
• appearance in the feces of impurities of blood.

In the absence of adequate therapy for the patient, the outcome of the disease is unfavorable. The lethal outcome caused by complete dehydration of the organism is not excluded.

Prevention

Traveler's diarrhea is a very unpleasant disease. In order not to spoil the rest and not to spend it in the hospital, it is necessary to remember the following rules. After visiting the street and before eating, always wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water. If there is no such possibility, then it is necessary to treat hands with any antiseptic solution or at least wipe with moist sanitary napkins.

In traveling to exotic countries, drink only bottled water that you have discovered yourself. In extreme cases, you can use carefully boiled tap water. To rinse your mouth while brushing your teeth, you should also take only safe water. It is highly not recommended to buy food on street trays.

It is necessary to refuse drinks with ice. You can not guarantee that the ice is made from quality water. Do not use vegetables and fruits with damaged skin. Violation of its integrity is an indicator that the pulp can be dangerous to health.

When getting acquainted with a new kitchen for yourself, you need to start acquaintance with small portions. The stomach should get used to food unfamiliar to itself. Do not experiment with dishes prepared from raw meat or fish. You can never be sure until the end that the restaurant or cafe fully respected the sanitary and hygienic standards for cooked meals.

When planning a trip to a new country, it is necessary to clarify how often cases of travel diarrhea occur. It is important to complete the first aid kit with all the medications that may be required to provide medical care - sorbents, powders for the preparation of rehydrates, intestinal antiseptics.