Diet in cholecystitis of the gallbladder

Treatment for gallbladder inflammation( cholecystitis) is not without creating conditions for rest and shaking the functions of the body. To do this, it is necessary to ensure the timely evacuation of bile, improve its properties and composition to prevent thickening, stagnation and precipitation of bile salts with subsequent formation of stones.

The tasks of the diet for cholecystitis are to normalize the biliary tract, restore the reflex mechanism of transportation. Since the production of bile occurs in the hepatic cells, it is important to support the functioning of the liver.

What you need to know about the disease?

In the occurrence of cholecystitis in adults and children, the infection that enters the gallbladder is of primary importance. Most often it is associated with other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, chronic foci in the pelvic organs, nasopharynx. In children, the cause may be helminths, lamblia.

Symptoms of the disease depend on the form. In acute cholecystitis - severe pain in the hypochondrium to the right, giving to the scapula, waist, right collarbone, high fever with chills, vomiting with bitterness. The severity of the patient's condition indicates the development of a purulent process and the danger of melting the wall of the bladder and the occurrence of peritonitis.

Chronic cholecystitis occurs for a long time with exacerbations after a violation of the diet of proper nutrition, respiratory disease, physical work. Pain in the hypochondrium on the right is unstable, there can be no temperature reaction, nausea and bitterness in the mouth appear mainly in the morning.

Patients are concerned about diarrhea, bloating( signs of intestinal dyspepsia).Often, inflammation of the gallbladder is the cause of the formation of stones. This cholecystitis is called calculous. Isolated cholelithiasis( CSF) is practically not found. Attacks caused by movement of the stone, have the character of intense "cutting" pain.

Variants of the dietary table for exacerbation of the disease

From the classification of diets according to Pevzner, with cholecystitis table number 5 is suitable. He admits variants, changes, if the inflammation of the gallbladder occurs simultaneously with pancreatitis or cholelithiasis. An obligatory requirement is preliminary grinding of food( rubbing), refusal of fatty, spicy food, fractional meals 5-6 times a day in small portions.

Cooking only for steaming or cooking. A categorical ban on all fried, smoked. In the presence of stones in the bladder, eggs are excluded from the list of food products, the volume of vegetable oils is reduced because they possess choleretic properties and contribute to the occurrence of pain attacks.

Diet №5 in

It is prescribed during the acute stage of the disease after 1-2 days of fasting( only drinking was allowed), when the patient is in a hospital on a bed rest, usually for 4-5 days. The amount of carbohydrates is limited to 200 g, the easily digestible species( sugar, honey, jam, jam) are forbidden.

Reduced protein content( 80 g), fats, salt( dishes are prepared without salt).The mechanical processing of the products in the menu allows the preparation of souffle, vegetable purees, soups from boiled to mucus groats. The energy of the daily ration is reduced to 1600 kcal. The diet includes 2.5 liters of liquid due to: sweet tea, berry and fruit juices, broth of wild rose, mineral water with released gas.

Patients with cholecystitis during exacerbation are shown with a copious drink

The ration is built from rubbed liquid porridges( semolina, rice, oatmeal) in water, without oil, but with the addition of milk, mucous cereal soups, vegetable juices, fresh compote, fruit jelly. By the fourth day, dried wheat bread or croutons, low-fat cottage cheese, limitedly wiped boiled meat or fish are added.

Diet №5а

It is appointed on 8-10 day of an exacerbation, proceeds 7-30 days. The patient's condition is assessed as incomplete remission. In comparison with №5в it expands, but excludes any products:

• activating fermentation and putrefaction in the intestines( cabbage, millet porridge, beans);
• containing a high concentration of extractive substances( rich broths of meat, fish, mushrooms);
• with essential oils( onion, radish, garlic, radish);
• stimulating the secretion of bile and its secretion( culinary spices, horseradish, mustard, pepper, marinated and salted homemade preparations).

Do not recommend fatty meat, by-products( liver, kidneys, brains), canned food, sausages, acid varieties of fruits, especially those containing a lot of fiber( cranberries, citrus, plums, prunes), fatty dairy products( sour cream, cream, cottage cheese)gas, coffee, strong tea, cocoa.

Diet for exacerbation of cholecystitis permits in menu 5a to include:

• dried wheat bread( crackers);
• vegetable mashed potato soups, potatoes, pumpkins, carrots with the addition of boiled cereals;
• meat dishes from beef, turkey, chicken in meatballs, steamed meatballs, meatballs, soufflé, mashed potatoes( boiled fish and poultry are allowed to eat by the end of the period);
• whole milk, kefir, yogurt, low-fat cottage cheese;
• from eggs it is possible to prepare a steam omelet only from a protein part, 1 yolk is added to soup or porridge;
• boiled porridge from the wiped cereals( buckwheat, rice, oatmeal) cooked on diluted milk;
• milk vermicelli;
• vegetable purees from beets, cauliflower with potatoes, pumpkin and zucchini pre-boil and cut into pieces;
• fruits are raw, but only rubbed or baked in the oven;
• compote of dried fruits, jelly from sweet berries and fruits;
• butter is added to the plate at a rate of not more than 30 grams per day;
• sweets( honey, jam, sugar, marmalade, marshmallow) in a moderate amount.

Drink during the day you can not strong coffee with milk, tea with lemon, broth of dogrose, sweet juices. A month later, against the backdrop of subsiding symptoms of inflammation, the patient is transferred to a permanent table number 5, which should be adhered to throughout life.

Which diet should be followed in chronic cholecystitis?

The diet for "cholecystitis of the gallbladder", as the patients often express, depends on the stage of the process. Chronic inflammation is periodically exacerbated, then it is necessary to start consistently with № 5в, then go to table №5.The duration of the duration is chosen individually for the patient's well-being. Usually an intermediate transition to the table No 5a is not required. But the rule of the general table number 5 patient will have to observe all life.

Patients on their own experience are convinced that eating with cholecystitis does not tolerate violations of dietary bases. If chronic cholecystitis is combined with pancreatitis, it is possible that in the early days table No. 5p will be needed. He is appointed after a period of hunger, temporarily. It differs sharply reduced content of fats and carbohydrates with an increase in the proportion of proteins. In drinks for sweetening, sorbitol is used, honey, sweet berries and fruit are forbidden.

Table 5 l / f is called lipotropic fat. It is prescribed for liver diseases accompanied by the degeneration of tissues for the outflow of bile and prevention of stagnation. Contraindicated in the symptoms of cholelithiasis. What can and can not be eaten with cholecystitis to a specific patient with a chronic course of illness is decided by the doctor. We will analyze the food by the example of the description of the diet table №5.

Vegetable dishes contain enough vitamins and nutrients to support digestion

Characteristic of diet number 5

The basic or basic diet for inflammation of the gallbladder is made taking into account the physiology of the liver and bile ducts, the reflex activation of synthesis and bile secretion, the properties of the muscle tissue of the wall of the bladder and intestine. The main requirements are discussed below.

Power should be provided on a fixed schedule. Portions by volume are reduced to ½ from usual adults, but the caloric content and composition of the diet is provided by at least five to six meals a day. Prevention of overeating is necessary to restore reflex outflow of bile from the bladder. When a significant amount of bile is released, spasmodic contraction of the bile ducts occurs, and the patient's pain resumes.

Products with cholecystitis should contain predominantly vegetable fats( sunflower oil, olive, linseed, soybean).The polyunsaturated fatty acids included in the composition normalize cholesterol metabolism and have choleretic properties. From animal fats only butter is used. Forbidden, fat, culinary fat.

On the background of stagnant phenomena in the bladder, the amount of vegetable oil in the diet is increased to 120-130 g. If signs of cholelithiasis are present, the proportion of animal and vegetable fat should be respected 3: 1.Vegetable oil promotes movement of the stone and a bout of pain. Since the food is cooked only in boiled, baked, steamed, butter is added to the prepared dish before eating.

Fatty grades of meat, all vegetables with essential oils, spices are excluded from food. In the list that can be eaten with cholecystitis, products that activate fermentation in the intestines( buns, milk, grapes, canned food) are removed. The bulk of useful products for cholecystitis is taken from vegetable dishes, fruits. They sufficiently stimulate the secretory function to produce bile in the liver, help to remove constipation and remove excess bile acids, products of cholesterol metabolism.

Melon is considered a useful melon culture, application in the form of juice, fresh product enriches the body with thiamine, retinol, vitamin PP, C, riboflavin, the necessary trace elements. It is indicated for constipation, because it contains a lot of fiber. When developing diarrhea from melon and watermelon it is better to abstain. Vegetables and berries should be boiled and wiped. Assign juice from blueberries, pomegranate, quince, as having tanning properties.

Microelement silicon, which is enriched with melon, directly affects the improvement of the outflow of bile

It is necessary to pay attention to the choleretic effect of eggs. This product contains enough protein, with a non-cholecystic cholecystitis showing 1 egg a day. But with calculous cholecystitis, it is impossible to increase the motor skills of the gallbladder with a diet, it is better to do without eggs. The total weight of the daily ration for the patient is 3500-3800.

Menu for the week

How to make a cholecystitis menu for the week? In order to make a menu for a patient with chronic cholecystitis without calculating the calorie and the weight fraction of useful substances, we will give a choice of their seven dishes, which can be included in the diet if desired.

Morning breakfast at 8.00:

• Cottage cheese casserole.
• Vinaigrette without pickled cucumbers and cabbage.
• Buckwheat porridge on the water.
• Milk porridge. Omelette, a sandwich with cheese. Rice porridge with fruit.
• "Hercules" with raisins.

Drinks can be alternated: coffee with milk, tea, broth of wild rose.

Snack at 11.00:

• The apple is fresh.
• Pear.
• Apple baked.
• Banana.
• Dry biscuits.
• Tea, a sandwich with cheese.
• Fresh berries or jelly from them.

Lunch at 14.00.First courses:

• Beetroot, seasoned with sour cream, white crackers. Vegetarian soup with vegetables( carrots, zucchini, potatoes).
• Chicken soup.
• Borscht on meat broth. Milk soup with vermicelli.
• Soup with meatballs. Fish soup from low-fat fish.

The second dishes:

• Macaroni "in the Navy" with boiled chicken minced meat.
• Rice with a piece of boiled fish.
• Steam cutlets, vegetable stew. Sweet rice porridge with pumpkin. Stewed chicken with potatoes. Boiled chicken with buckwheat porridge.
• Fish and vegetable garnish.

On the third dish you can drink compote, kissel from berries, broth of wild rose.

Snack at 17.00:

• Biscuits with broth of rose hips.
• Tea with lemon.
• Melon juice.
• Apple-peach juice.
• White breadcrumbs with tea. Kissel from berries.
• Milk.

Grapes with all the remarkable qualities have an undesirable ability to enhance fermentation in the intestine

Dinner at 19.00.It is recommended to start with a vegetable salad dressed with vegetable oil, slightly salted. Braised fish with carrots and potatoes. Cottage cheese casserole with honey. Meatballs with buckwheat. Steam cutlets with boiled potatoes. Baked meat with vegetables.

At night drink a glass of yogurt, yogurt, sweet juice, broth of rose hips, yogurt. The choice of a particular dish depends on the appetite, the nature of the stool, and the patient's eating habits. In any case, the diet should not cause a bad mood, and the patient leave the table hungry.