Rehabilitation after a stroke is a long and difficult process. Proper nutrition plays a key role in the recovery period, along with drug therapy and exercise.
Patients are to revise their diet, eliminate fatty, fried, smoked food, abandon bad habits. Proper nutrition can reduce the risk of recurrent stroke by 30 percent.
Those who are interested in what diet should be followed by patients after a stroke, and what is the proper nutrition in this disease at home, we suggest reading this article.
Table number 10 for the disease of the brain
Doctors recommend adhering to table number 10 .According to WHO, this is the best table that contributes not only to recovery after a stroke, but also prevents relapse.
Principles of diet 10:
- the caloric content of dishes decreases - this is due to the fact that the menu introduces carbohydrates and vegetable fats;
- in the diet is introduced a large number of products rich in potassium and magnesium( which is useful for blood vessels);
- limits the use of salt;
- excludes all products that excite the nervous system( coffee, chocolate, spices).
The patient's diet should be rich in proteins. But as protein it is desirable to use fish, cottage cheese, dairy products. Meat is also allowed, but in lean form and small quantities.
Principles of eating food for men and women
- The calorie content of a daily diet should not exceed 2500 kilocalories. Products are combined as follows:
- Proteins - not more than 90 grams. They include low-fat varieties of fish, seafood, eggs, dairy products, beef, veal. Rabbit, turkey and chicken are allowed.
- Carbohydrates - 400 grams. The advantage is given to long carbohydrates: cereals, high-quality pasta, whole-wheat bread.
Fast carbohydrates should be excluded( sugar, baked goods), they do not carry nutritional value, exert pressure on the digestive system and worsen the patient's condition.
- Fats - up to 50 grams. It is necessary to consume fats of vegetable origin( vegetable, olive oil).Fats of animal origin( butter) are strictly forbidden.
- Clean water - from one and a half liters per day.
- Fresh vegetables and fruits - up to 1 kilogram per day.
Diet 10 is prescribed for both men and women. Recommendations for recovery after a stroke do not depend on either age or sex. The menu can be adjusted if the patient who has suffered a stroke suffers from other diseases( hypertension, diabetes mellitus, etc.).But these are special cases, in such situations, the diet is changed by the doctor, starting from the associated illnesses of the patient.
If the baby is breastfed, nothing else can eat, then the children's neurologist independently makes up the infant's diet( these can be milk formulas or cereals, depending on the age).
In the first days after the attack of
The first day after the seizure must be sparing. If the patient is not in the intensive care unit, his condition is satisfactory, then the daily calorific value should not exceed 1500 kilocalories of .
In the following days, the calorific value rises by 1000 kilocalories. The patient is required to give rubbed food, because he can not yet chew food properly.
It is desirable that the consistency of food should be similar to the ( smooth and homogenous) fruit puree.
The diet should be fully balanced, it is necessary to adhere to the diet number 10. The main task in the first days after a stroke is to prevent a second attack.
To do this, reduce the level of harmful cholesterol in the blood. This substance forms atherosclerotic plaques, a diet for which is also necessary. They disrupt the functioning of the circulatory system, block the lumens and cause disease.
For recumbent patients
At first, many bedridden patients have swallowing. Nutrients are administered intravenously, and water is given from a small spoon of .During an acute period, the patient is given only water for 2 to 3 days, and the next couple of days are given him fruit juice, diluted with water.
After a few days, the ration of bedridden patients expands. In addition, patients can be fed through a probe. They are given fruit juices and products of milk origin. At the next stage, vegetable soups are introduced( vegetables are passed through a blender).Such soup is given in small portions, pouring into the rope of the probe. The patient is also allowed chicken broth. Liquid vitamins are added to the food.
When the swallowing function is established, the patient is fed from a spoon. All dishes are given in liquid form. The ration is expanded with mashed potatoes, eggs, cottage cheese, beef or fish cutlets, steamed. Freshly squeezed juices are very useful, which help to recover.
The patient is fed in bed, for this purpose a pillow is put under his back to raise a person a little, put a napkin on his breast. The food is served with a spoon. Water and juices should be served in special drinkers, so as not to spill the contents onto the bed.
Next video on how to properly feed a recumbent patient from a spoon:
Food during the rehabilitation period
The rehabilitation period is a serious and responsible time. Proper nutrition, along with other methods of therapy, will help restore the body.
The diet during this period is aimed at the following goals:
- Saturation with proteins - they will accelerate the regeneration of brain cells, as they are the main building material of the body;
- Decrease in blood cholesterol - insoluble fats settle on the walls of blood vessels, narrow the lumens.
- Saturation of the body with vitamins and minerals - during recovery, the patient must replenish the body with vitamins.
During the recovery period, the person is usually at home. There is a great risk of temptations. But any breakdown can result in a relapse. During the rehabilitation, it is necessary to observe the following rules of nutrition:
- exclude any alcohol( beer, cocktails, energy drinks, including);
- use less products containing starch, as it thickens the blood;
- to exclude sharp food, as it is harmful to the walls of blood vessels;
- significantly reduce sugar intake;
- to exclude drinks containing caffeine, as they can cause pressure surges.
Each patient has his own taste preferences. It is very difficult to give up all habits. Some indulgences are allowed during rehabilitation:
- Several times a week instead of coffee it is allowed to drink coffee-changing drinks, for example: chicory. It contains little caffeine and can not cause a pressure jump.
- In small quantities, occasionally you can eat chocolate and desserts with it.
- You can enter bakery products into the diet, but if they are made from whole-grain flour.
- Once a week, the introduction of oily fish is allowed, but only in small quantities. Fish should choose a weak salting.
Atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels is one of the main causes of stroke. To avoid such a terrible disease, find out about the causes and its prevention. In this article you will find prescriptions of folk remedies for atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels.
If you trust only official medicine - your attention is the material on the drug treatment of cerebral artery atherosclerosis.
How and when to add products to the diet
The introduction of new products in the menu of patients who have suffered a stroke is similar to the diet of a child who is injected with lures. Initially, patients were given fruit juices and liquid dairy products .Then add the wiped vegetables. All this is supplemented with broths on the chicken.
After a person can chew on his own, he is given a mashed potatoes, porridges ( but pre-grind it preferably to grind to a state of flour).
Then the meat and fish, steamed, cottage cheese, eggs are introduced into the diet. All products must be ground to a puree consistency.
Gradually the facial muscles will return to normal, then the food should be cut in small pieces.
Compilation and sample menu
When preparing a diet at home, it is necessary to follow the basic principles of the diet:
- cook food in boiled, bakedor steam form;
- eliminate fried, smoked, fatty foods;
- prohibits the use of acute and salty foods, simple carbohydrates;
- must combine the proportions of proteins, fats and carbohydrates.
Day menu example:
- Breakfast - unsweetened oatmeal with the addition of fruits or dried fruits, juice, a little nuts;
- The second breakfast - vegetable salad with a slice of whole-grain bread;
- Lunch - soup with a piece of lean meat, buckwheat porridge, fruit;
- Snack - a portion of low-fat cottage cheese, if desired, you can add dried fruits;
- Dinner - a piece of meat( rabbit or chicken) or fish, mashed potatoes, compote.
After a stroke, all body resources are thrown at an early recovery. Therefore, the food should be gentle.
This will significantly delay recovery and may trigger a second stroke.
We offer videos about feeding patients during a stroke:
