Signs of otitis

What are the signs of otitis in an adult

Otitis is a disease that affects hearing and other life processes. Having discovered signs of otitis in an adult, you should immediately start treatment in order to avoid serious consequences (Fig. 1). Some types of otitis have irreversible effects on the hearing, from the timely detection of it and effective treatment depends on the quality of life of the patient.

Picture 1. Diagnosis of otitis in adults.

Classification of otitis

Otitis is called inflammatory processes that develop in the inner ear (labyrinth), the middle ear or in the auricle and external auditory canals. Depending on the course of the course of the disease, the following are distinguished:

Figure 2. Scheme of otitis.

• acute otitis, which occurs suddenly with pronounced symptoms;
• chronic otitis, with prolonged inflammation and periodic exacerbations.
• For reasons of development of otitis, the following forms are distinguished:
• allergic;
• bacterial;
• traumatic;
• virus.

In the course of the course of the disease, the ways of its manifestation distinguish:

• purulent otitis, in which pus accumulates behind the tympanic membrane (Fig. 2);
• catarrhal otitis with edema and reddening of tissues, but without liquid or purulent discharge;
• exudative otitis, suggesting the accumulation in the middle ear of liquids (blood, lymph), which create a favorable environment for the development of pathogens.

Otitis manifests itself in all different ways. Symptoms of the disease may differ significantly.

Causes of otitis media

To develop inflammation in the external auditory canals, a small amount of damage to the skin is enough.From an impact, a scratch or an inadvertent cleaning of the auricle, the infection gets under your skin. The cause of otitis can become a bite of an insect in the earlobe or other ear region.

During swimming or swimming, the water that gets into the ear is a favorable environment for the development of microbes. Foreign objects (crumbs, earth, sawdust) provoke otitis in adults.

Figure 3. Hydrogen peroxide for otitis treatment.

In addition to the listed reasons that cause the disease by accident or negligence, there are otitis media, provoked by the infection. They arise due to such factors:

1. Diseases of the nose and nasal sinuses (sinusitis, sinusitis, frontalitis). With swelling of the respiratory tract, stagnation of liquids in the middle ear occurs, in which pathogenic microorganisms develop.
2. With an incorrect blowing nose during a cold, the infection does not leave the body, but spreads to neighboring organs.
3. Against the background of diabetes, kidney disease, eczema, psoriasis and other diseases, immunity is weakened, which causes any respiratory disease to spread to the middle ear.

Often the profession contributes to the development of ailment. Scuba divers or pilots constantly have to experience pressure changes that adversely affect the health of the hearing.

Symptoms of otitis in adults

Depending on the localization of the inflammation focus, the sensations experienced by the patient with otitis also differ. With external otitis pain symptoms occur when pressing on the skin. If there is a furuncle, the pain is localized near it, as it ripens, a purulent discharge is formed. In the last phase, throbbing pain disturbs a person constantly, without physical impact on the skin. If the focus of inflammation is located in the auditory canal, there is a feeling of pressure on the tympanic membrane, a feeling of stuffiness in the ear.

As a result of the spread of infection, otitis media develops. It affects the area between the external auditory canals and the inner ear. The patient complains about the following symptoms:

Figure 4. Ear drops in otitis.

• temperature increase;
• severe headaches;
• shooting pain in the ear;
• noise, ringing in the ears;
• bloody or purulent discharge from the ear with perforation of the tympanic membrane;
• worsening of hearing.

When inflammation in the labyrinth of auditory canals (internal otitis), the most severe disorders are observed. This form of the disease can manifest itself after a while after recovering from a cold. Accompany it with such symptoms:

• dizziness;
• lack of coordination;
• nausea; rapid motion sickness in transport;
• complete or partial hearing loss;
• frequent movements of eyeballs.

Adhesive inflammation of the ear is characterized by a thickening of the mucosa of the auditory tubes and the tympanic membrane. As a consequence, there is a gradual decrease in hearing. Thickening prevents the outflow of exudate, in which pathogenic bacteria develop. Inflammation of the ear is accompanied by fever, headaches and weakness.

When allergic otitis in purulent discharge mucus is observed. The temperature does not increase, but the hearing loss is present. The patient is disturbed by a strong itching in the ear and a feeling of pouring liquid in the head.

Otitis begins to show symptoms of a general malaise, but the specific signs of the disease are gradually emerging.

The faster they start treatment, the less the body suffers. For example, with prolonged suppuration, there is a danger of infection of blood and brain membranes, which provokes meningitis.

Therefore, even with a small obstruction of the ear, which does not take 2-3 days, you should consult an otolaryngologist.

Ways to treat otitis media

The most common method of treatment is the reception of pharmaceuticals. They are aimed at removing the main symptoms of the disease. After examination and diagnosis, the ENT appoints the patient preparations from the following groups:

1. Antihistamines. They will help alleviate the condition with allergic otitis, and will reduce the manifestation of edema (Suprastin, Erius, Cetrin).
2. Analgesics. They will reduce the pain and will have an anti-inflammatory effect. When otitis, they are prescribed as ear drops. Adults should bury in the ear 5-8 drops 3-4 times a day. For prevention buried in both ears, even if the second does not bother (Otipax, Otix).
3. The Vagotonics. These funds remove puffiness and contribute to the outflow of pus and exudative without perforation of the tympanic membrane (Nazivin, Naphthyzin).

To purify the external auditory canal from pus use hydrogen peroxide and alcohol (Fig. 3). A cotton swab carefully removes all dirt, without immersing it deep in the ear, so as not to damage the eardrum.

If the cause of otitis is a bacterial infection, the doctor will prescribe an antibiotic. The course of taking medications is 6-9 days. During this period, the doctor conducts visual observation and prescribes tests to determine the effectiveness of the prescribed drugs.

To speed up the recovery process help physiotherapy (laser therapy, magnetotherapy, UHF, phototherapy, electrophoresis).

If drug treatment for several days does not bring significant relief, and the patient experiencing severe pain due to accumulated pus behind the tympanic membrane, then perform a surgical intervention. Under local anesthesia, in stretched tissues, a puncture is made to allow the pus to flow out freely. After the patient heals, the puncture becomes overgrown and the hearing is restored.

Folk methods for controlling otitis media

Methods of traditional medicine can be combined with home treatment. Here are a few recipes for treating otitis media at home.

1. To the tablespoon of pharmacy tincture of propolis add 3 tablespoons of olive oil. Heat the mixture to body temperature. Dampen with a cotton swab and place in the ear, change every 10-12 hours.
2. Crush the head of garlic and add to the gruel 50 ml of refined sunflower oil. To insist on light not less than 4-5 days, then strain and store in the refrigerator. Bury in each ear 2-3 drops several times a day (Fig. 4).
3. A few leaves of aloe are cleaned and squeezed out the juice, which is buried in the ear canal.

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Prophylaxis of ear diseases

Instead of long treatment, it is recommended to prevent illnesses. Here are some tips for preventing ear inflammation:

• avoid contact with people suffering from colds, strengthen immunity;
• do not allow hypothermia of the head, wear a hat in the cold season;
• During swimming, swimming or diving use special plugs to protect against water ingress;
• Avoid too careful cleaning of the ears, so as not to damage the skin and hearing organs.

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Otitis often becomes a complication of other diseases, so do not long test your body for strength. The earlier the treatment of diseases begins, the fewer additional ailments will have to be treated.

lor03.ru

Symptoms and treatment of otitis in adults

Content:

• Ear anatomy
• Causes of otitis media
• Pathogens of the disease
• The clinical picture is the symptoms of otitis
• General principles of diagnosis
• Treatment of external otitis media
• Treatment of otitis media and labyrinthitis in adults
• Prevention of otitis

Otitis is an ear inflammation, a general term for any infectious processes in the hearing organ. Depending on the affected area of ​​the ear, the outer, middle and inner otitis (labyrinthitis) are secreted. Otitis occurs frequently. Ten per cent of the world's population suffered from external otitis during their lifetime.

Annually in the world 709 million new cases of acute otitis media are registered. More than half of these episodes occur in children under 5 years of age, but adults also suffer from inflammation of the middle ear. Labyrinthitis, as a rule, is a complication of otitis media and is relatively rare.

Ear anatomy

For a better understanding of the subject, it is necessary to briefly recall the anatomy of the organ of hearing.
The components of the outer ear are the auricle and auditory canal. The role of the external ear is to trap the sound wave and carry it to the eardrum.

The middle ear is the tympanic membrane, the drum cavity containing the chain of auditory ossicles, and the auditory tube.

In the tympanic cavity, there is an increase in the sound vibrations, after which the sound wave follows the inner ear. The function of the auditory tube connecting the nasopharynx and the middle ear is the ventilation of the tympanum.

The inner ear contains the so-called "cochlea" - a complex sensory organ in which sound vibrations are converted into an electrical signal. An electrical impulse follows the auditory nerve into the brain, carrying coded information about the sound.

External otitis media

Otitis externa is an inflammation of the auditory canal. It can be diffuse, and can proceed in the form of a furuncle. When diffuse external otitis affects the skin of the entire ear canal. Furuncle is a limited inflammation of the skin of the external ear.

Average otitis media

With an average otitis inflammation occurs in the tympanum. There are many forms and variants of the course of this disease. It can be catarrhal and purulent, perforative and non-perforative, acute and chronic. When otitis can develop complications.

The most common complications of otitis media include mastoiditis (inflammation of the occipital bone of the temporal bone), meningitis (inflammation of the brain membranes), abscess (abscess) of the brain, labyrinthitis.

Labyrinthite

Internal otitis almost never is an independent disease. Almost always it is a complication of the inflammation of the middle ear. Unlike other types of otitis, its main symptom is not pain, but hearing loss and dizziness.

Causes of otitis media

• After getting contaminated water - most often the external otitis occurs after the ingestion of water containing the causative agent of the disease into the ear. That is why the second name of this disease is "swimmer's ear".
• Injury of the skin of the external auditory canal - in addition to the presence of infection in the water, there must also be local conditions predisposing to the development of inflammation: microcracks of the skin, etc. Otherwise, each of our contact with unboiled water would result in the development of inflammation in ear.
• Complication of SARS, sinusitis - in this case, the causative agent of middle otitis penetrates into the tympanum completely from the other side, the so-called rhinotubar path, that is, through the auditory tube. Usually, the infection gets into the ear from the nose, when a person is sick with ARVI, runny nose or sinusitis. In case of a serious inflammation of the middle ear, the infection can spread to the inner ear.
• With infectious diseases, kidney diseases, diabetes mellitus, hypothermia against a background of reduced immunity, the risk of inflammation in the middle ear increases. Bruising through 2 nostrils (wrong), coughing and sneezing increase the pressure in the nasopharynx, which leads to the ingress of infected mucus into the middle ear cavity.
• Mechanical removal of earwax - it is a protective barrier against infections.
• High air temperature and high humidity.
• Contact with foreign objects in the ear.
• Use of hearing aids.
• Such diseases as seborrheic dermatitis on the face, eczema, psoriasis.
• The causes of development of acute otitis media are also genetic location, immunodeficiency states, HIV infection.

Pathogens of the disease

Pathogens of external otitis can be bacteria or fungi. Especially often found in the ear canal are microorganisms such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and staphylococcus aureus. For the fungi of the genus Candida and Aspergillus, the skin of the ear canal is one of the favorite places in the body: it's dark, and after bathing it's still wet.

The causative agents of otitis media, and therefore internal, can be viruses and bacteria. Fungal infection of the middle ear is also found, but much less often than the external one. The most common bacterial pathogens of otitis media are pneumococcus, hemophilic rod, moraxella.

The clinical picture is the symptoms of otitis

• Pain is the main symptom of otitis media. The intensity of pain can be different:
  • from barely perceptible to unbearable
  • character - pulsing, shooting

  It is very difficult, it is often impossible to independently distinguish painful sensations with external otitis from painful sensations with inflammation of the middle ear. The only clue can be the fact that with external otitis pain should be felt when touching the skin at the entrance to the ear canal.

• Hearing loss is a fickle symptom. It can be present with both external otitis media, and with an average, may be absent in both these forms of ear inflammation.
• Increase in temperature - most often there is an increase in body temperature, however, this is also an optional feature.
• Discharge from the ear with external otitis occur almost always. After all, nothing prevents the inflammatory fluid from escaping outward.

With the average otitis, if the perforation (hole) is not formed in the tympanic membrane, there is no secretion of their ear. The suppuration from the ear canal begins after the appearance of a communication between the middle ear and the auditory meatus.

I emphasize that perforation can not be formed even with purulent otitis. Patients suffering from otitis media often ask where pus will go if it does not break out. It's very simple - he will go out through the auditory tube.

• Ear noise (see Fig. causes of noise in the ears), ear congestion is possible with any form of the disease.
• When the inflammation of the inner ear develops, dizziness (causes) may appear.

Acute otitis media occurs in 3 stages:

Acute catarrhal otitis - the patient experiences severe pain, worse by night, with coughing, sneezing, she can give in temple, teeth, be stabbing, pulsating, drilling, hearing loss, appetite, weakness and high fever 39C.

Acute purulent otitis - there is accumulation of pus in the middle ear cavity, followed by perforation and suppuration, which may be on day 2-3 of the disease. In this period, the temperature drops, the pain decreases, the doctor can make a small puncture (paracentesis), if there is no independent rupture of the tympanic membrane.

Restorative stage - suppuration stops, the defect of the tympanic membrane closes (fusion of the edges), the hearing is restored within 2-3 weeks.

General principles of diagnosis

In most cases, the diagnosis of acute otitis media does not cause difficulties. High-tech research methods are needed infrequently, the ear is well visible to the eye. The doctor examines the tympanic membrane with a head reflector (a mirror with a hole in the middle) through the ear funnel or a special optical device - the otoscope.

An interesting device for the diagnosis of otitis was developed by the famous corporation Apple. It is an oscopic attachment for the camera phone. It is assumed that with the help of this gadget, parents will be able to photograph the baby's eardrum (or their own) and send photos for consultation to their doctor.

Diagnosis of external otitis media

Examining the ear of a patient suffering from external otitis, the doctor sees redness of the skin, narrowing of the auditory canal and the presence of liquid secretions in its lumen. The degree of narrowing of the ear canal is such that the tympanic membrane is not visible at all. When inflammation of the external ear of other examinations except for the inspection is usually not necessary.

Diagnosis of otitis media and labyrinthitis

In acute inflammation of the middle ear, the main way to establish a diagnosis is also an examination. The main signs that allow diagnosing "acute otitis media" are reddening of the tympanic membrane, limitation of its mobility, and the presence of perforation.

• How is the mobility of the tympanic membrane checked?

People are asked to inflate their cheeks without opening their mouths, that is, "blowing their ears". This reception is called the maneuver of Valsalva, named after the Italian anatomist, who lived at the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries. It is widely used by divers and divers to equalize the pressure in the drum cavity in deep water descent.

When a jet of air enters the middle ear cavity, the eardrum moves slightly and this is noticeable with the eye. If the drum cavity is filled with inflammatory fluid, no air will enter it and the eardrum will not move. After the appearance of suppuration from the ear, the doctor can observe the presence of perforation in the tympanic membrane.

• Audiometry

Sometimes to determine the nature of the disease may need audiometry (hearing on the apparatus) or tympanometry (measurement of pressure inside the ear). However, these methods of hearing tests are more often used in chronic otitis media.

The diagnosis of the labyrinthitis is usually made when the acuteness of the middle otitis suddenly sharply decreases acuteness of the hearing and dizziness appears. Audiometry in this situation is mandatory. You also need an examination of a neurologist and an oculist.

• CT and X-ray

The need for X-ray studies occurs when there is a suspicion of complications of the disease - mastoiditis or intracranial infection. Fortunately, such cases are rare. In a situation where complications are suspected, a computer tomography of the temporal bones and brain is usually performed.

• Bacterial sowing

Do I need a smear to determine the bacterial flora? A unequivocal answer to this question is not easy. The problem is that, due to the peculiarities of bacterial culture, the response of this examination will be received 6-7 days after the removal of the smear, that is, by the time when the otitis is almost gone. Moreover, with a medium otitis without a perforation, a smear is useless, since the microbes are behind the tympanic membrane.

And yet a smear is better to do. In the event that the application of the first-line drug does not bring recovery, after receiving the results of a bacterial study, treatment can be adjusted.

Treatment of external otitis media

The main treatment for external otitis media in adults is ear drops. If a person does not have immunodeficiency (HIV infection, diabetes mellitus), antibiotics in tablets are usually not needed.

Ear drops can contain only an antibacterial drug or be combined - have an antibiotic and an anti-inflammatory substance. The course of treatment takes 5-7 days. Most often for the therapy of external otitis media apply:

Antibiotics:

• Ciprofarm (Ukraine, ciprofloxacin hydrochloride)
• Normax (100-140 rubles, norfloxacin)
• Otofa (170-220 rubles, rifamycin)

Corticosteroids + antibiotics:

• Sophradex (170-220 rub., Dexamethasone, Framicetin, gramicidin)
• Candybiotic (210-280 rub., Beclomethasone, lidocaine, clotrimazole, Chloramphenicol)

Antiseptic:

• Miramistin (250-280 rubles, with a nebulizer)

The last two drugs also have antifungal properties. If the external otitis has a fungal origin, antifungal ointments are actively used: clotrimazole (Candide), natamycin (Pimafucin, Pimafucort).

In addition to ear drops, the doctor can recommend an ointment with the active substance Mupirocin (Bactroban 500-600 rub, Supirocin 300 rubles) for the treatment of external otitis media. It is important that the drug does not have a negative effect on the normal skin microflora, and there are data on the activity of mupirocin against fungi.

Treatment of otitis media and labyrinthitis in adults

Antibiotic therapy

The main treatment for middle otitis media is an antibiotic. However, the treatment of otitis antibiotics in adults is another controversial issue of modern medicine. The fact is that with this disease is very high percentage of self-recovery - more than 90%.

There was a period of time in the late 20th century, when on a wave of enthusiasm antibiotics were prescribed to almost all patients with otitis. However, it is now considered permissible the first two days after the onset of pain to dispense with antibiotics. If after two days there is no tendency to improve, then an antibacterial drug is already prescribed. For all types of otitis media may be required for oral administration.

In this case, of course, the patient must be under medical supervision. The decision on the need for antibiotics is very responsible and should only be taken by a doctor. On the scales on the one hand, the possible side effects of antibiotic therapy, on the other - the fact that every year in the world of complications of otitis deaths of 28 thousand people.

The main antibiotics, which are used in the treatment of otitis media in adults:

• Amoxicillin - Ospamox, Flemoxin, Amosin, Ecobol, Flemoxin solute
• Aamoxicillin with clavulanic acid - Augmentin, Flemoclav, Ecoclav
• Cefuroxime - Zinnat, Aksetin, Zinacef, Cefurus and other drugs.

The course of antibiotic therapy should be 7-10 days.

Ear drops

Ear drops are also widely prescribed for inflammation of the middle ear. It is important to remember that there is a fundamental difference between drops, which are prescribed before the perforation of the tympanic membrane and after its appearance. Let me remind you, the sign of perforation is the appearance of suppuration.

Before the appearance of perforation, droplets with an analgesic effect are prescribed. These include drugs such as:

• Otinum - (150-190 rub) - choline salicylate
• Otipaks (220 rubles), Otirelaks (140 rubles) - lidocaine and phenazone
• Otizol - phenazone, benzocaine, phenylephrine hydrochloride

Drops with an antibiotic does not make any sense to dig in this phase, as the inflammation goes behind the impenetrable eardrum for them.

After the appearance of the perforation, the pain passes and it is no longer possible to drip painkillers, as they can damage the sensitive cells of the cochlea. When a perforation occurs, access for drops inside the middle ear appears, so you can instill drops containing an antibiotic. However, ototoxic antibiotics (gentamicin, Framicetinum, Neomycin, Polymyxin B), preparations containing phenazone, alcohols or choline salicylate can not be used.

Drops with an antibiotic, the use of which is acceptable in the treatment of otitis in adults: "Tsiprofarm "Normaks "Otofa "Miramistin" and others.

Paracentesis or tympanotomy

In some situations with inflammation of the middle ear may need a small surgical intervention - paracentesis (or tympanotomy) of the tympanic membrane. It is believed that the need for paracentesis arises, if the background of antibiotic therapy for three days, the pain still continues to bother the person. Paracentesis is performed under local anesthesia: a special incision in the tympanic membrane makes a small incision through which pus begins to exit. This incision is beautifully overgrown after the cessation of suppuration.

Treatment of labyrinthitis is a complex medical problem and is conducted in a hospital under the control of an ENT doctor and neurologist. In addition to antibiotic therapy, funds are needed to improve microcirculation inside the cochlea, neuroprotective drugs (protecting the nervous tissue from damage).

Prevention of otitis

Preventive measures for external otitis are the thorough drying of the ear canal after bathing. Also, avoid traumatizing the ear canal - do not use keys and pins as an ear instrument.

For people who often suffer from inflammation of the external ear, there are drops based on olive oil, which protect the skin when swimming in a pond, for example, "Vaxol".

Prevention of otitis media consists of general strengthening measures - hardening, vitamin therapy, administration of immunomodulators (drugs that improve immunity). It is also important to treat diseases of the nose in a timely manner, which are the main causative factor in inflammation of the middle ear.

zdravotvet.ru

Signs of otitis: to know the enemy in person

Otitis is one of those diseases that a person has known since childhood. Especially often, otitis is observed in very young children because of the anatomical features of the ear structure. If at this age the disease does not start, then the child has all chances to outgrow the activity of otitis. However, this does not mean that adults are rarely sick with this disease. On the contrary, the adult person almost always ignores the danger of viruses, influenza, which leads to frequent complications in the ENT organs.

After reading this article it becomes clear whether it is necessary to drink antibiotics when otitis or not.

The habit of transferring the virus of any etiology to the feet, even using antibiotics or antiviral, always gives consequences.Only in youth, this can go with impunity because of the young organism. But even then the otitis can hit so hard that it makes an invalid.

Types of otitis and features of the course of the disease

Otitis combines a large number of varieties and types. In itself, otitis is not a diagnosis, but only a generalizing concept, which means an inflammatory process in one of the three parts of the ear.

The disease is divided not only by species, but also by its criteria:

• by the nature of the inflammation: catarrhal (without pus), purulent, exudative (with the formation of fluid);
• by type of disease: chronic or acute;
• on the location of the lesion: internal, medium or external;
• by the time of otitis: up to three weeks acute, up to three months subacute, from three months already chronic;
• by source of disease: allergic, infectious, bacterial, traumatic;

Each species has a common for the class and individual for the type of symptoms. Classification of otitis includes up to two dozen varieties. Separately it is necessary to stop on the most frequent in practice:

1. outer;
2. interior;
3. average (otitis media of the middle ear);
4. allergic;
5. traumatic.

How is treated bilateral acute catarrhal otitis media, you can find out by reading this article.

Why do my ears ache?

Otitis often becomes an unpleasant complication of advanced infections and colds

In children, the most common cause of the disease is the unusual structure of the ear. Over time, the ear changes and acquires a normal structure, which reduces the risk of otitis.But in some cases, otitis becomes chronic and will accompany a person all his life.In this case, he will always be at risk.

What good ear drops for otitis most often apply, you can learn from this article.

Most often, otitis appears as a secondary disease, not being the main one. This can be a consequence of the flu, and the consequence of infection of the nasopharynx. Despite the fact that the throat, ear and nose are inseparable, only two organs almost always come in a duet: nose and ear. Rhinitis, sinusitis and even a simple rhinitis can easily provoke an otitis. That is why ear treatment almost always begins with examination of nasal sinuses. No lor will not treat otitis until the nose is cured.

Otitis becomes a complication of advanced infections and colds, especially if bed rest. And the scope of otitis can be much more aggressive than a provocative disease. The presence of large adenoids, an incorrect septum of the nose also causes otitis.

What ear drops for otitis in adults are the most effective, you can find out by reading this article.

Rotten teeth, especially the upper jaw, can also become a source of the bunch: sinusitis-otitis.

Cold weather, freezing of ears and the parotid zone - this all can cause a disease of acute form. For external otitis, an insect bite may suffice and attempt to scratch the bite site. But more often the cause is in the fungus or the wrong cleaning of sulfur plugs.

How to recognize otitis media?

The danger of otitis is that some of its forms are painless. But not enough to not suspect health problems. For example, a patient may have a serious disorder of the gastrointestinal tract. This is because the ear and peritoneum have one single nerve. That is, with otitis may not be present usual signs, but there will be problems with the stomach or intestines.

The first sign is a feeling of stuffiness in the patient's ear. The patient stinks, while feeling the heaviness of the head, headache, noise in the ear.

The acute form begins more aggressively:

• temperature;
• feeling of pressure and ripple in the ear;
• strong pain. Can be shooting, aching, amplified by night;
• headache.

How to treat and which medications Adhesive otitis media is indicated in the content of this article.

With purulent forms of internal otitis, perforation of the tympanic membrane can occur.The process is unpredictable, can last for weeks, and can ripen and break the membrane for a day. With the formation of an opening or rupture, the pain subsides almost completely, fluid begins to flow out of the ear. Depending on the inflammation and the size of the rupture, it can be many or negligible.

In any case, the presence of fluid in the ear - a direct indication for emergency care of the otolaryngologist!

External otitis develops not so aggressively, but also accompanied by pains and even currents from a diseased organ of hearing. But this pain is not so violent, usually aching. In addition to pain, there may be a temperature if the process is purulent, but not high. The pain is localized in the outer ear, that is, in the shell itself or behind it. A tragus may hurt: a nipple protrusion on the ear. It hurts to touch the cartilage on the back of the ear.

What antibiotics for otitis in children are most often chosen, you can find out by reading the article.

With some otitis, the small auricle covers the ear shell, the ear itself blushes and becomes inflamed. Patient with external otitis painful to chew or open mouth.

How to diagnose?

Usually a standard examination is sufficient to establish the type of otitis and severity of the disease

To diagnose an otitis can only lor at direct survey of a sick ear. Usually the inspection is carried out by a special device, similar to a small funnel. Inside this funnel can be a little lighting. The device is injected into the ear as deeply as possible so that the doctor can see not only the passage, but also the eardrum itself. In 90% of this examination is enough to accurately establish the type of otitis and determine the state of gravity.

How is Bullous otitis in children treated and in what terms is indicated in the article.

Diagnosis of otitis necessarily includes examination of the sinuses. If signs of a ligament of a rhinitis with otitis are found out, at first the doctor is engaged in a nose.

Methods of treatment

Treatment of otitis depends on the form, type and state of severity of the patient. If otitis catarrhal, single, the patient's condition is satisfactory, the disease is treated at home. From drugs for the treatment of otitis antibiotics are prescribed, for example, Cefatoxin, course for five days. The drug Norsdex, which is actively used for otitis of any form, became popular. In the absence of temperature, physiotherapy procedures are prescribed.

Sometimes it is advisable to use the "blue lamp" as an additional warm-up. However, its use is limited and it is necessary to coordinate with the doctor the possibility of using.

During the treatment period, the ear is kept warm and protected from moisture.

More complex otitis is treated in the hospital for 5-7 days, then released under the supervision of the district doctor. Complex otitis media is usually treated in combination with sinusitis or sinusitis. Therefore, in addition to antibiotics, Miramistin must be taken into the nose with a cold or rinsing with a saline solution. Additionally, drops in the nose are prescribed, for example, Otrivin.

Folk methods

Broths of chamomile and sage will help to stop the inflammation faster and strengthen the body as a whole

In the treatment of otitis folk methods are priceless only in conjunction with traditional methods. When otitis is very useful to put warming turundas with boric alcohol or plain vodka. Also on the basis of alcohol, you can prepare a compress for the ear. In the gauze make a slit for the ear, moisten with warm boric or plain alcohol. Apply to the ear, tightly cover with cotton and leave until the morning.Important: such heating is useful only with the permission of the doctor!Because it can have the opposite effect: activate the pathological process and accelerate it.

It is useful to make home drops for the nose, if the otitis in combination with the common cold. This is perfect for sea buckthorn oil. For strengthening, you can add a few drops of aloe. Aloe can be dripped and separately, only necessarily diluted with either oil or water.

It is very useful to help the body with chamomile infusions and sage. Fresh broths will help to quickly stop the inflammation and strengthen the body as a whole. It will be good to add infusions from cowberries or dogrose: you can drink as compotes. During this period, it is important to strengthen the immune system, which will quickly kill the infection.

How to understand what a baby otitis and how to fight this disease, you can find out by reading the article.

Possible complications

The most serious complications after the transferred otitis are:

1. damage to the cerebral cortex;
2. meningitis.

Complications can not be predicted by any doctor. It can develop several months later or manifest itself immediately. To insure yourself against this can only be timely treatment and careful consideration of the recommendations of the attending physician.

Video

Watch a video about one of the common types of otitis:

Diseases of the ENT organs are so common as they are dangerous. It is unlikely that anyone will think to cure a cold, go to the doctor. And only when a person faces the threat of hearing loss, hearing loss, he pays time to health. Today, otitis treatment is not considered difficult, the schemes are already "run-in" to automatism. It is necessary to understand only that it is impossible to start otitis!

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What are the signs of otitis in children? Even the beginning stage is interested in pzhl ???

Answers:

Celice

Of course, you need to show LOR, as soon as possible, he will examine the child and prescribe a treatment. We were helped in time by drops "Otipax pain after them subsided, alcoholic compresses did on the nose for 5-6 days in a row, although sleeping more or less calmly. Well and antibiotics, an otitis, on a level with an angina and we love an inflammatory process it is treated by antibiotics.

elly

my first thing in pain in my ear complained.

Juliette, but not Capuleti

The main sign of otitis, of course, is acute pain in the ear. If you feel pain, which is gradually increasing and begins to increase in the evening, pulsating, aching, shooting character, and also gives to various areas of the head, including teeth, then you, Probably the same otitis. This pain increases during swallowing, coughing, or sneezing. You will feel and other unpleasant signs of otitis - noise in the ear, stuffiness in it, and also - hearing loss.

Another symptom of otitis is an increase in body temperature to 39 ° C, although it may be within the normal range. In otitis media, nonspecific symptoms are weakness and decreased appetite. I call them nonspecific because such symptoms are inherent in many other diseases.

During the development of complications, when purulent processes melt the tympanic membrane - the person has discharge from the ear that has a different character (serous, purulent or bloody). The outflow of pus outward is a symptom of a tympanic rupture. But I want to note that there is another option when a breakthrough of pus occurs in the bone tissue, and mastoiditis develops, in which urgent surgical intervention is simply necessary. Also, complications such as brain abscess or inflammation of the membranes can develop. Therefore, if you notice any signs of otitis with your child or your child, you should always contact an otolaryngologist (ENT doctor) who will prescribe the necessary treatment.

Polina Romanova

this is a terrible pain! temperature, hearing loss, otitis is treated in the first hours. I had an otitis in 3 years, unfortunately, the right ear did not save me, the left had time, and then not 100% I hear. if you think that the baby has otitis, not delaying a good experienced LOR.

Kati

head twists, cries, when pressing on a tragus - pain

Lilia Chudinova (Tikhonova)

around the ears ponazhimayte and watch the reaction. if it hurts, he will let you know-it means otitis, but in general, tomorrow, go to rye, to Laura

Svetlana Petrenko

my daughter had a purulent otitis in, year (in det. the garden has caught a cold), did or made operation (pus from an ear sucked priborchikami). Firstly, if your child is prone to sore throat or a cold, then in any next time the disease can begin otitis. Secondly: gently press your finger in the ear of the child's child (not on the sink), if it starts otitis, then he will cry. In the third: the child restlessly sleeps and rubs the aching ear. But if the disease has come, then there is temperature and discharge from the ear. It is better to check at an ENT more often, after all the child small, he can not tell or say, that hurts. It is better once again to go to the rye, so as not to be tormented like we are. Daughters 12 years old and we have been suffering since: chronic tanzelitis (throat), sinusitis (nose). In time, then the doctors did not diagnose the diagnosis.

Symptoms of otitis in the infant: the first signs of inflammation of the ears

Otitis is one of the diseases that are very common in young children. Mostly this happens to inexperienced mothers, who know little and can provoke this disease in the child by their own actions. The disease is classified as uncomplicated, quickly docked, well treatable, but only on condition of timely assistance.

Features of pediatric otitis

The diagnosis of "otitis" is made at a time when acute inflammation in the ear is established. But it can be different:

• external;
• internal.

More often the diagnosis sounds so: an inflammation (an otitis) of an average ear. Baby ears have a slightly different structure than adults. Behind the tympanic membrane is the middle part of the ear, in which the Eustachian tube is located. It serves to connect our nasopharynx with the ears. In an adult it is longer and narrower than a small child. It is because of the short tube that babies are more prone to ear infections. Infection penetrates faster, mucus appears. And if this mucus thickens, clogs the tube itself, otitis begins.

Most often, the doctor's diagnosis is as follows: inflammation (otitis) of the middle ear.

As the child grows, the structure changes, and adenoids may appear. Adenoids are quite dangerous for babies, as they can become highly inflamed as a reaction to the entry of pathogenic bacteria.

Causes and risk factors

Most often, the cause is infectious.Enough light breeze on the damp head of the baby to provoke the disease.Bathing a baby in a cool room, drafts, hypothermia are all causes for otitis. Since the ear is closely associated with the nasopharynx, the mother should know that the ear and nose are more likely to "solo" together or provoke each other. Thus, a clogged spout may well cause otitis. It is recommended to take care of the baby from such a combination, as the treatment procedure will bring pain and anxiety for the crumbs.

Otitis can appear in newborn babies, to whom the mother forgets to give a regurgitate after a meal and immediately puts it. That is, otitis largely depends not only on the structure of the child's ear, but also on the behavior of the mother herself.

In addition to human and anatomical factors, there are several other reasons for the birth of the disease:

1. presence of allergy;
2. pathology of the respiratory system;
3. low immunity.

Often, the child suffers from otitis until the year, which is on artificial feeding. No artificial food can replace mother's milk. It is necessary to carefully monitor such a baby and protect from cold and infections. A little later, when the baby becomes more mature, he will outgrow this risk, most likely.

The first symptoms

The first signs of otitis can hardly be recognized even by an attentive mother

The baby can not show her mother a source of anxiety. Therefore, the first signs, for example, the first "shooting zalozhennost, my mother will miss. For her, the baby will be completely healthy in the daytime, but by the evening will begin to be capricious, to cry. And then everything depends on the mother's attention. A sick kid can show signs indicating pain in the tummy. But it can be high temperature, vomiting.The child can ask to eat, but at the first attempts to suck his breast immediately rolls up in hysterics.How to understand such a symptom in a child up to a year? Such crying is explained by the fact that sucking increases the pain in the ear.

To make sure that the baby is tortured by the eye, it is necessary to touch his tragus. A tragus is a cartilaginous projection in front of the ear. A sick otitis baby will try to get away from Mom's attempts, touch will cause a new attack of crying, as the pain intensifies.

However, with external otitis, the trestle may well be painless. Therefore, be sure to look into the very ear of the baby, if possible, dunk the cotton inside. Some forms of otitis give a secretion. But in any case, with the slightest suspicion, you do not need to try to recognize the otitis and make a diagnosis yourself, the baby needs to be shown to a specialist.

Diagnostics

The doctor diagnoses otitis with an otoscope

The standard way to diagnose otitis is to examine the ear with an otoscope.Otoscope - a special device by the type of a short pipe with built-in lighting inside. The doctor inserts the device in the ear, moves closer to the membrane and turns on the light. So the specialist will be able to establish the form of otitis, determine the presence of fluid behind the membrane and decide the question of the appropriateness of paracentesis, shunting.

With complex otitis, an audiogram is additionally assigned. A painless process in which a toddler wears earphones and tries to determine the degree of hearing loss. However, this is often practiced in already grown-up babies, because crumbs can not yet show what they hear or what they do not.

Treatment

Treatment of otitis media is possible only medically and with the assistance of a doctor.It is unacceptable to take steps independently, as this can worsen the situation and cause more serious consequences.
Treatment depends on how difficult the otitis media is and what caused it. The most common procedure is a procedure like paracentesis.We note at once: the procedure can be painful even when taking into account local anesthesia.When paracentesis, the doctor makes an incision of the tympanic membrane in order to ensure the outflow of pus or pumping out the liquid. Sometimes after this put a shunt: a small "cog which does not allow the hole to close until all pus leaves the cavity.

Almost always the baby is given a lavage lavage and drops for the spout and ear. Here there will be complications, because bury the ears babies are not given. You need to put it on the barrel, try to distract something, and the second parent heats up a little drop.

Do not drip cold drops in the ear of the baby! This will increase the pain and cause the child to suffer even more.

Before dripping carefully clean the passage, only no sticks and matches. Just twist the cotton wool into thin "sticks" and clean the ears with them. The nose must be instilled with vasoconstrictive drops, it does not matter if there is a runny nose in the baby.

If you managed to turn to Laura on time and the otitis did not have time to develop to purulent, did not form a lot of fluid, then will only need therapy: antibiotics, vasoconstrictors, warming up (in the absence of temperature).

If your doctor sends you to warming up at a temperature, urgently change the doctor! The presence of temperature indicates a progressive infection, and heating will only spur its development.

Video

Watch a video about how otitis occurs in babies, and why some people get sick often, but others do not:

Otitis is a serious disease, even for an adult. Tightening of the otitis leads to abscesses, when the count goes already on the clock. Traditional medicine here is not just powerless, but it can also hurt. The only time when it is appropriate is when there is a combination of otitis, for example, with laryngitis or sinusitis. Here, broths and tinctures are allowed to reduce the effect of the second disease, but not otitis.Otitis always requires strict professional treatment.

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