Herniated hernia: symptoms and treatment

Herniated spine: symptoms and treatment, causes and signs, photo

The mobility of the spinal column is ensured by the good functioning of the discs between the vertebrae. They are a pulpous nucleus, surrounded by a denser component - a ring of fibrous tissue.

The layers of disks are designed to create cushioning between the vertebrae. The health of the ridge largely depends on their condition.

A hernia is formed when the structure of the disc is damaged as a result of its change or displacement. For various reasons, a dense shell breaks and, as a result, protrusion of the pulpous core.

Causes of a herniated spine

Analysis of the prerequisites leading to violations in the disk, divided into internal causes and external.

Internal factors:

• hereditary predisposition,
• disorders in connective tissue,
• weak nutrition of the tissues of the disc, disturbance of metabolic processes.

External causes:

• excessive physical activity,
• incorrect posture,
• Unhealthy Lifestyle:
  • the ridge receives a low physical load,
  • Bad habits, such as smoking.

A combination of several causes often leads to violations. The body of the disc has no blood vessels. In this regard, its nutrition depends on the surrounding tissues, from where it gets by diffusion.

Movement of the spine facilitates the feeding into the disk. With a sedentary lifestyle, conditions are created for insufficient intake of the necessary substances into the body of the disc.

Smoking reduces the oxygen content of the blood and this also affects the health of the discs, worsening their metabolism.

The fibers of the outer ring are programmed for loads of a certain vector and magnitude.

The creation of pressure in the other direction or exceeding the permissible norms leads to a rupture of the fibrous membrane.

Additional factors:

• Excessive weight creates chronic overload in the back. Normalization of this factor provides the prerequisites for improving the spine.
• In people with high growth, the possibility of a hernia is more pronounced. It is worth paying attention to prevention.
• Age refers to risk factors, because the disc tissue ages and becomes less protected from deformities.
• Professions that incline people to a sedentary lifestyle or excessive lifting of weights create the prerequisites for the emergence of protrusions of the spinal column.

Features and signs of the development of pathology

Hernia refers to the severe consequences of osteochondrosis. The main sign of her education is pain.

The development of the disease takes place in two stages:

1. When conditions are created for destructive changes in the shell of the disk, cracks can first appear. The nucleus begins to protrude beyond the boundaries. This is accompanied by adhesions and edema of tissues. And only when the deformed part of the nucleus in its spread will reach the radicular nerve - the body will receive a signal that the spine is not all right through the occurrence of pain.
2. The destructive effect on the nerve ending caused by hernias, entails consequences. The pain begins to be projected onto the organs controlled by the affected nerve ending. This means that the development of the disease has moved to the second stage.

Kinds

Depending on the area of ​​the hernia, its introduction into the adjacent tissues of the organism, there is a division into varieties.

Hernia of Schmorl

The core of the affected disc is implanted into the spongy part of the vertebra during protrusion. The vertebra has a structure of two types of tissues: a dense bone component surrounds the inner spongy layer.

Prerequisites for the occurrence of this violation:

• the period of growing up, when soft tissues outstrip the growth of bone structures,
• hereditary predisposition,
• microtrauma of the ridge.

Sequestered

The nucleus of the disc falls into the canal of the spinal cord, affecting the spinal nerves and the spinal cord.

Prerequisites:

• all factors that relate to adverse effects on the spine due to the possibility of a hernia,
• a strong emotional surge,
• long stay in an uncomfortable position,
• excessive hypothermia.

Symptoms

The main signs of a hernia include:

• backache,
• There were difficulties in the movements of the back,
• persistent soreness of the lower extremities or other parts of the body - depends on the disposition of the protrusion.

If the problem is in the neck area, there may be symptoms:

• instability of pressure,
• feeling of numbness of fingers on hands,
• frequent dizziness,
• pain in the arm or shoulder,
• simultaneous combination of several of the listed symptoms.

Signs that the hernia in the thoracic department:

• if the patient is working in an uncomfortable position, while experiencing pain in the thoracic region,
• discomfort in the chest zone, complemented by the curvature of the ridge - scoliosis.

Symptoms of protrusion in the lumbosacral spine:

• painful sensations in the lower back,
• the appearance of pain in the leg, which occurs after a short time after the previous symptom,
• problems with urination,
• weakening of sensation in the legs,
• deterioration of control of defecation,
• Possible paralysis.

Diagnostic Methods

It:

• The method allows you to see the soft tissue, excludes the harmful effect on the patient's health - magnetic resonance imaging.
• A type of computed tomography is multispiral. Provides a high level of problem identification in and moderate radiation exposure.
• A doctor can prescribe a myelogram to investigate the problem.

Is it possible to cure

In most cases, it is possible to cure the patient. A lot depends on him and his attitude to his health. It is important to see a doctor as soon as possible.

Experts agree that conservative methods of treating hernia should be used whenever possible. Surgery is allowed in extreme cases.

When you have pain and anxiety signals similar to the signs of a hernia, you should consult a specialist and undergo a detailed examination. If it is determined that you can treat a disease without surgery, you need to follow the advice of a doctor.

Therapy consists in the removal of acute inflammation and anesthesia. To do this, use non-steroid drugs:

• Tselebrex,
• naproxen,
• ibuprofen,
• meloxicam,
• diclofenac,
• acetaminophen.

Sometimes, experts prescribe drugs that relieve muscle tension, spasm. When the acute phase of the disease passes, the procedures are connected to treatment:

The photo shows a method of treating a spinal cord with kinesitherapy

If the treatment does not bring relief, an epidural blockade is prescribed.

Under the control of an X-ray device with a special needle, anesthetics and hormones are injected into the problem site. The procedure is done under local anesthesia. In half of cases, such treatment leads to recovery.

Operative intervention

One-tenth of patients have to undergo surgery. These patients may have severe damage to nerve fibers.

The modern sparing method of surgical intervention is microdiscectomy. The procedure is performed by micro-instruments under observation through a microscope. Removal of a hernia occurs without injury to surrounding tissues.

The postoperative period is minimal. The patient leaves the hospital on the second day after the procedure.

Description of the size of the hernia	What size of protrusion, mm	Necessary treatment
Neck
Large size of protrusion	6 and more	Operation is required.
Refers to large size	5	It is possible to treat out-patient, if there is no success, then surgery.
average value	3 to 4	Complex treatment is urgently needed.
Slight protrusion	1 to 2	The same recommendations as in the previous case.
lumbar and thoracic
Large hernia	More than 12	If a spinal cord injury is detected, the operation should be carried out as quickly as possible. In other cases, you can treat outpatient.
Large hernia	9 to 12	The same recommendations as in the previous case.
The average size	6 to 8	It is necessary to treat out-patient.
The size of the protrusion is small	1 to 5	It is possible to follow the doctor's recommendations at home or outpatient treatment.

Where to treat

If the diagnosis has established a small protrusion, then you can be treated at home necessarily showing the doctor for observation. To perform the procedures, during treatment will have to visit the outpatient clinic.

If serious problems with the spine are to be trusted by specialists and choose a clinic with accumulated experience in the treatment of patients.

Consequences of the disease

A triggered sequestered hernia can create problems:

• reduction of tendon reflexes,
• backache,
• an aseptic inflammatory process may occur,
• Limitation of the possibility of movements before paralysis,
• the appearance of pain in the legs,
• discomfort in other parts of the body.

Hernia Schmorlja is fraught with consequences:

• more often does not give a pain symptom and is found during the examination,
• reduces the strength of the spine,
• Creates prerequisites for limiting freedom of movement in the affected segment of the spine.

on how to treat a hernia at an early stage, without surgery:

A source: http://OsteoHondroza.net/oslozhneniya/gryzha/pozvonochnika.html

Symptoms of a herniated intervertebral disc

Intervertebral hernia - the extreme degree of degeneration of the cartilaginous discs, in which the shell breaks and the exit of their fibrous contents.

Predominantly, the disease is registered in people aged 25-50 years, very rarely radiography captures the characteristic changes in the spine and in children.

The hernia of intervertebral discs does not develop suddenly: it is a complication of a very common disease - osteochondrosis.

Dystrophy of the intervertebral cartilage is characterized by slow development, with the periodic appearance of clinical signs, such as aching pain, numbness of the back and neck. In a number of cases, osteochondrosis remains unnoticed up to the extreme extent of its development and the formation of hernias.

Causes and contributing factors

According to the statistics collected in the beginning of the 21st century, there are signs of osteochondrosis for almost every second resident Earth: aching pain in the back and neck, dizziness when sipping and the appearance of crunch when driving after a long rest.

The reason for this prevalence lies in the anatomical features of the intervertebral discs: they do not have their own blood vessels, and nutrition and oxygen are obtained by diffusion from the muscles back.

As a consequence, cartilaginous "shock absorbers" of the spine are in indissoluble connection with the capillary network of the straight and longest muscles, and in the absence of activity, suffer in the first place.

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Weak muscular development, lack of movement and long-term presence in one posture are detrimental to processes of blood circulation in small vessels, which causes starvation of the cartilaginous tissue and its gradual destruction.

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Over time, the solid cartilage shell of the intervertebral discs depletes its own reserves and loses its strength, and under pressure of the body, characteristic protrusions appear-protrusions.

Since the renewal of cells in the tissues of the musculoskeletal system is slow, the processes of degeneration can be stretched for years.

Transformation and deterioration of the nutrition of intervertebral discs begin in most people aged 19-20 years, so the appearance of a hernia in children and adolescents is nonsense.

The immediate causes of the appearance of hernias are concealed in the sudden movement or lifting of weights, in which the action on the thin wall The bulged disc is so strong that it bursts, and the gelatinous fibrous contents of the disc are near the spine.

Factors contributing to the development of osteochondrosis and the appearance of hernias are:

• Low mobility, due to which the blood supply of muscles is disturbed - the back and neck "swell which indicates a venous stasis. This is the most common reason, conditioned by the way of life of a modern person: from the beginning of schooling you have to sit a lot, first - to keep up the program and get good grades, later - to complete the plan and career growth. It aggravates the situation and hobby for computer games, social networking.
• Vitamin-mineral starvation. In the diet of most modern people there is a chronic deficit of iodine, cobalt, zinc, vitamins group B, which are structural elements of tissues and catalysts for biochemical reactions in organism.
• Wrong selection of bedding. Many people, long working at the computer, choose to relax high pillows, and as soon as they feel pain in the spine, they go to sleep on even, hard surfaces. Both these solutions are incorrect - relaxation of the spine during such rest does not occur, and consequently, the blood supply also does not improve.
• Hereditary predisposition. According to statistics, osteochondrosis with the formation of hernias is often transmitted to the genus from generation to generation.
• In rare cases, the vertebral hernia can also be traumatic - this is typical of athletes, weightlifters, who are compelled to take a record weight at competitions.

Symptoms of vertebral hernia

Despite the considerable prevalence of osteochondrosis, it is up to one person in a thousand to know what a spinal hernia is from their own experience. The development of the clinical picture and the severity of the symptoms depend on the degree of penetration of the hernia into the spinal canal and its location.

The very first sign of rupture of the cartilaginous membrane of the intervertebral disc is pain, intensity which is determined by the degree of narrowing of the lumen of the spinal canal and infringement of the nervous roots.

Small hernial protrusions manifest as aching pain, which increases with movement.

A characteristic sign that is noted when examining the patient becomes stiffness, smoothness and caution of movements, which is associated with the appearance of sharp, shooting pains even with a simple sneeze.

Tension of muscles in the first stage of the disease limits the possibilities of movement - a person is not able to completely unbend his back or tilt his head.

Symptoms of a hernia of the spine vary depending on the department in which it is located:

• A damaged disc in the lumbar region causes back pains that pass to the back and side surfaces of the thigh, lower leg, and foot. Often noted numbness of the fingers and arch of the feet, reflected pain and discomfort in the groin. The clinical picture of the lumbar hernia has much in common with the manifestations of sciatica and sciatica, rarely it manifests itself in the form of lumbago - obtuse, muffled pain in the lower back.
• Hernia in the cervical spine leads to headaches and pressure jumps, fainting and dizziness, sensations of numbness and soreness extend to the hands. One of the typical symptoms is tingling at the fingertips, numbness in the palms.
• Protrusions and hernias in the thoracic spine are recorded exceptionally rarely and only in women. Their typical manifestation is the continuous pain in the chest and just below the shoulder blades. Soreness caused by hernia in the thoracic region often has a localized character, clearly indicating the location of the pathology.

How to identify a hernia?

Osteochondrosis is characterized by such manifestations as sensation of numbness of the back, difficulty in movement, pain in the lower back and neck.

Therefore, in the absence of pronounced symptoms of the infringement of nerves, it is not so easy to distinguish the appearance of a hernia from another exacerbation of the disease.

The first thing that can alert a patient, increased muscle tone on one side of the spine and weakness symmetrical muscles, also with the infringement of the nerve root, the tactile sensitivity of the skin in the zone it innervates.

The diagnosis is based on:

• A characteristic clinical picture - pain, flabbiness or hypertonic muscle, numbness of the fingers or toes, reflected pain in the limbs, caution in the movements.
• Anamnesis confirming the patient's osteochondrosis or excessively high force loads
• Radiography: only a photograph is capable of capturing pathology and allows not to guess, but to accurately see the presence of a hernia, its location, shape and degree of penetration into the spinal canal.

Vertebral hernia is often accompanied by a violation of the general condition, hormonal imbalance - the cessation of menstruation in women and impotence in men.

Progression of numbness and weakness in the legs, headaches and nausea, as well as increased pain throughout the week from the day of treatment requires additional methods diagnosis for a differential diagnosis: similar symptoms are also present in tumors in the spinal canal, which on radiography is difficult to distinguish from changes cartilaginous disk.

As additional methods of research use innovative methods, such as computer and magnetic resonance imaging. It is prescribed and in those cases when in the patient's anamnesis there is no established diagnosis for osteochondrosis.

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Intervertebral hernia - a dangerous disease that can significantly reduce the quality of life and shackle a person to a wheelchair. Therefore, diagnostics and treatment should be carried out by highly qualified specialists, without delay and delay.

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A source: http://www.infmedserv.ru/stati/simptomy-gryzhi-mezhpozvonochnogo-diska

Symptoms and treatment of a hernia of the spine

Most often, the hernia of the spine is found in the lumbar region, much less often in the thoracic and cervical spine. The hernia in the upper part of the lumbar region is more localized. However, this ailment affects other parts of the spine.

Hernia in intervertebral discs are distinguished:

• The protrusion of the disc is a partial rupture of the fiber of the dense outer ring;
• Herniated disc - rupture of most of the fibrous ring;
• Discoloration - the outer ring is torn, and the jelly-like internal contents of the disc completely fall out.

In the etiology of intervertebral hernia lies the degenerative-destructive lesion of the spine, with the further involvement of the surrounding bodies of the ligamentous apparatus, intervertebral joints and adjacent vertebrae.

There is dehydration, defibration and hyalinization of the fibrous ring, in addition, in the pulpous nucleus protrusion of the hernia. The swelling of the disc base without a breakthrough in the fibrous ring is referred to as disc casting.

In the event that a breakthrough occurs in the fibrous ring, and the pulpous nucleus leaves its limits, a disc hernia or prolapse is diagnosed.

If a herniated disc is sent to the vertebral canal or into the intervertebral foramen, painful symptoms caused by pressure of the spinal cord, reactive inflammation of the membranes and thickening of the yellow ligaments.

There is evidence that the appearance of a hernia is possible both in lumbar degenerative stenosis, which aggravates the picture of the disease clinic, and without it.

Factors contributing to the development of disc hernias include hereditary predisposition, which confirms the more frequent occurrence of disc prolapse in adolescents and children.

The main role of the formation of protrusion of the hernia is played by trauma in the lumbar region of the spine or congenital narrowness in the vertebral canal, which occurs in the early closure of the growth site between the root of the arch and vertebral body.

Classification by principles of anatomy

A simple form in the disc hernia of the spine - the longitudinal posterior vertebral ligament is torn, and part of the disc with fragments of the gelatinous nucleus is displaced into the spinal canal. The disease has two forms, the treatment of which is radically different from each other:

1. Intervertebral free hernia. The contents of the intervertebral disk falls into the longitudinal vertebral posterior ligament. The connection with the dropped fragment and the disk is saved.

2. Intervertebral vagal hernia. In this case, the connection with the disk is lost. The missing fragment is distant from the disk by the intervertebral fissure, which allows you to move through the spinal canal freely.

Displaced hernia

Develops a hernia, a given variety under the influence of a strong physical load or mechanical pressure in relation to the spinal column.

These circumstances cause the hernia to shift to the intervertebral disc, and after crossing the effect of force return to its original position.

As a result, there is a possibility of dislocation from the fibrous ring of the disk nucleus, while fixing the hernia in the location of the dislocation.

Hernia located in the intervertebral foramen

The source of the localization is the outer part of the disk. As a rule, the hernia, located in the direction of the joint vertebra, compresses the spinal root corresponding to it.

Lateral hernia

Appears in the lateral part of the spinal disc. Symptoms of this pathology are poor. Vivid clinical manifestations appear, in the case when a lateral hernia is localized between two vertebrae located in the lower cervical region.

Anterior hernia

Appears in front of the disc. There are no clinical manifestations.

It should be emphasized that all of the above varieties of intervertebral disc hernias are often combined in different versions.

In foreign and domestic sources of scientific literature, there are many synonyms for the definition of "hernia of the spine

• The Enochondrosis;
• Fibrous-cartilaginous nodule of the intervertebral disc;
• Cartilaginous nodules;
• Disc protrusion;
• Internal nuclear spinal hernia.

However, these definitions do not give an accurate understanding of the pathology in the spine, since in a larger sense they denote the disk movement, or its parts, to the back of the spinal canal.

Stages of development

1. Disc protrusion - formation of a herniated base in the intervertebral disc.

There is damage to the inner fiber in the fibrous ring, with no rupture of the outer shell. The gelatinous nucleus is retained, forming a mobile fragment.

Timely appeal to specialists allows choosing a treatment with no surgical intervention.

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2. Entrusion - the final stage of formation of a herniated intervertebral disc.

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In connection with the damage to the outer and inner fibers of the fibrous ring, the pulpous nucleus leaves the border of the disc.

Treatment of this stage of the disease of the spine may require surgical intervention of the surgeon.

Causes of development of the intervertebral hernia

The most common causes of intervertebral hernia development in a person are trauma, osteochondrosis, infection, posture disorder, metabolic disorders.

Usually the intervertebral hernia begins to feel, at a time when the pressure inside the spinal disc increases. The main reasons are as follows:

• Injuries and micro-injuries;
• Excess body weight;
• Rachiocampsis;
• Presence of diseases of the spine (osteochondrosis, scoliosis, lordosis and so on);
• Sexual signs. In the case of the male half of humanity, the risk of this disease occurring in 30 to 60 years is greater;
• Movement of the body causing deformity of the spine;
• Inadequate nutrition;
• Heredity. Congenital malformation of the spine (sacralization, lumbarization, straight dorsal spine);
• Heavy physical labor;
• Sedentary way of life;
• Development of various anomalies of connective tissue (for example, narrow thin and poorly connected with the vertebral body longitudinal ligament behind, a long thin fibrous ring);
• Pregnancy. Creates an additional load on the spine, thereby strengthening the physiological pordosis.

Symptoms of the disease

The main complaint of the patient to the doctor, where the diagnosis is a hernia of the spine - pain syndrome, which can be present in the lower limbs, hands, neck, neck, intercostal spaces. To muscle pain in the area of ​​innervation, there is sometimes a violation of sensitivity.

Quite often, pain occurs in adolescents after physical exertion, uncomfortable body position in the period of work or sleep.

Symptoms of spine disease sometimes occur with simultaneous tilting to the side and tilt, not infrequently in combination with lifting the severity. Usually afterwards, there is weakness in the legs and unbearable pain.

When moving, coughing or sneezing, the pain in the back and lower limbs increases to such an extent that the treatment assumes only bed rest.

The defeat of the sciatic nerve during the period of the disease, most often has a "lamp-like" character (the external surface of the foot). Painful symptoms can be coming and going. In addition to pain, there may be a sensitivity disorder:

• Hyperesthesia - increased sensitivity (burning sensation);
• Hypesia - reduced sensitivity;
• Anesthesia is a lack of sensitivity.

Symptoms of a disorder of the autonomic system are observed:

• Decreased temperature of the skin;
• Appearance of edema (pastoznost);
• Change sweat allocation;
• Increased dryness of the skin.

The main symptoms of an intervertebral hernia

Neck department:

• Combination of pain in the thoracic spine with kyphoscoliosis or scoliosis;
• For a long time in a certain position (welder, surgeon, and so on) chest pain;
• When breathing and turning the torso, stitching in the heart;
• Pain in the interblade area.

Thoracic department:

It should be noted, in the thoracic spine, the symptoms of the intervertebral hernia are very rare.

Lumbosacral Department:

• Pain and weakness in the lower limbs;
• Numbness of toes;
• Isolated pain in the foot or lower leg;
• Pain and numbness of the inguinal region;
• Permanent pain syndrome in the lumbar region;
• Violation of mobility.

Diagnosis of hernia in intervertebral discs

Herniated in the intervertebral disc and osteochondrosis, it is often determined by the pain syndrome in the back, and in 95% of cases by prolonged pain.

Nevertheless, each patient with the symptoms of the intervertebral hernia, a thorough examination is necessary to clarify the diagnosis and the subsequent possibility to correctly treat patient, as well as the exclusion of other diseases - infection, a tumor of various origin, traumatic injuries, at the level of the spinal canal violation blood circulation.

If there are symptoms of a diagnosis of intervertebral disc herniation, treatment without a doctor's supervision (alone) will lead to a deplorable result.

So, treatment and diagnostics are carried out by medical specialists - vertebrologists, orthopedists, neurosurgeons, by examining the patient.

Feeling of the spine, allows you to determine the localization, nature and degree of soreness, increasing the tension of the muscle tone around the spine.

However, in modern medicine without the data of magnetic resonance and computed tomography, it is impossible to draw precise diagnostic conclusions. With such actions, it is possible to find out:

• The location of the hernia;
• Dimensions of hernia;
• Get an idea of ​​the structure of the spine at different levels;
• To determine the effect of the intervertebral hernia on the spinal cord;
• To clarify the effect of the hernia on the nerve roots of the vertebrae.

All of the above data allows you to treat a patient with methods that can only cause a positive result.

It should be emphasized that radiography is not capable of performing the above diagnosis, since the hernia of the spine does not appear in the picture.

Treatment with folk methods

Treatment of vertebral hernia in folk ways, provides the following activities:

• The use of various oils - are made from fresh St. John's wort or birch leaves;
• Use of ointments - are made from horse fat or ordinary garlic;
• Use of decoction of herbs - is made from cornflowers;
• Use of compresses;
• Use of special gymnastics.

To treat a vertebral hernia in folk ways, it is possible only after consultation of the doctor.

Gymnastics with vertebral hernia

Physical exercises are performed to relieve pain in the back, as well as to restore lost functions.

• Pulling forward- for this purpose, the abdomen, the height of this support within the knee joint (you can use the stool) lie on the abutment. The trunk is bent at the point of blockage. We rely on the feet and hands. It is necessary to breathe smoothly and relax;
• Extension carried out with a slope in the side- a roller is placed under the blocking area (it can be made from a blanket or pillow), it is necessary to lie down and turn the body to the back, and the lower part of the trunk (legs and pelvis) is tilted forward. It should be noted, with one-sided pain, lie on a healthy part of the body, if the pain on both sides - alternately change sides;
• Walking on all fours- We stand on all fours, straighten our backs and stretch out our arms. In this position we walk around the room.

To treat an intervertebral hernia folk methods, with the help of gymnastics, it is necessary strictly after consultation with the medical expert.

Treatment of conservative therapy

Considering the location and dimensions of the herniated disc, the presence of complications and the stage of the development of the disease, treatment is prescribed.

Often, treatment with conservative therapy brings, positive results, they are as follows:

• Be attentive to uncomfortable poses and sharp turns. Any movement is carried out with care;
• Treatment of physical culture, massage and stretching of the spine;
• Treatment by physiotherapy;
• Admission of anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen, orthophene, diclofenac, and so on), analgesics and agents that act on muscle tone are relaxing (diazepam, tizanidine);
• Anesthesia with Novocain blockades;
• Treatment with a soft corset.

Surgical treatment

If treatment with folk and conservative methods did not bring positive results, a decision is made to treat a herniated spine in an operative way.

The operation, by which the hernia of the spine is removed, is performed depending on the indications - with a delay or immediately.

There are cases when the requirement to remove a hernia surgically, is the only remedy prevention of severe complications in the patient (large hernia, squeezing blood vessels or back brain).

The purpose of surgical intervention is to remove the hernia. Further, the treatment of the spine is continued with the help of special medical methods, which allows it to fully stabilize.

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The operation on the spine is an extreme measure of treatment, when there is no sense to treat people's and conservative methods. With surgical intervention, there is a possibility of damage to the nerves or spinal cord, but still, now brings the most visible effect.

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A source: http://VashPozvonok.ru/gryzha/pozvonochnika/

Symptoms and treatment of a hernia of the spine

A hernia of the spine is the protrusion of the disc and the rupture of the cartilage or fibrous ring, as a result of the uneven load on the lumbar, thoracic or cervical spine.

The protrusion in the lumbar region is most common, which is associated with a high load on this department and the way of life of a person. Hernial protrusion can occur acutely under the influence of a load or gradually against a backdrop of chronic spine diseases, such as osteochondrosis.

Herniated disc refers to the most dangerous pathological conditions, its pinching can lead to disruption of movement, and if you do not get rid of the disease in a timely manner, there is a risk of disability.

Vertebral hernia has a specific complex of symptoms: severe pain, radicular and vertebral syndrome. Each manifestation has its dangers and requires immediate medical care.

Self-treatment of protrusion of the disk can result in pinching and damage to the spinal cord, because When symptoms of pathology appear, you should immediately contact a specialist for diagnostics.

As manifested

The main symptoms of the vertebral hernia begin in the second or third stage of the disease, when the disc enters the intervertebral space. The patient's first complaints are focused on severe pain and stiffness of movement.

In the acute period, the vertebral hernia is manifested by numbness of the limbs, sharp pain, tingling in the legs and constant discomfort.

Such symptoms accompany the entire period of the disease, only the nature of the pain and the severity of the symptoms change.

In 95% of cases, protrusion in the lumbar region develops in the region of 4-5 vertebrae.

This disease becomes the cause of radiculopathy, lumbago or inflammatory process of the sciatic nerve.

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Timely complex treatment of the hernia of the spine at the initial stage of the formation of the pathological process allows to avoid severe complications, to get rid of constant pain and discomfort.

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Before curing a spinal hernia it is important to determine its exact localization and the risks of complications.

In the first or second stage of the disease, conservative treatment and hardware restoration of intervertebral disc function is applied.

At the third and last stage there is a high risk of pinching the hernia, therefore surgical treatment is carried out followed by a conservative restoration.

The main symptoms of vertebral pathology:

1. When the cervical spine is affected, there are brain symptoms: dizziness, pain, discomfort in the neck and shoulder area, headaches, nausea. Hearing, vision and balance can occur, which are reversible at an early stage of the pathology, but Inadequate treatment of a spinal hernia can lead to serious brain damage to irreversible character.
2. With pathology in the thoracic spine, symptoms of pain appear, after the X-ray diagnosis can be observed kyphosis or scoliosis. Clinical manifestations are similar to pneumonia, IHD, therefore differential diagnosis is mandatory.
3. Lumbar protrusion is most common and is manifested by specific symptoms of pain, movement and sensitivity. Pain occurs during movement, sneezing, while tilting the head. Lumbar herniation is accompanied by pain in the lower limbs, numbness of the fingers, a feeling of "goosebumps."

Conservative treatment

Depending on the size of the hernia and localization, individual methods of treatment, both conservative and radical methods, are selected.

Is it possible to cure a hernia conservatively:

1. Treatment of a hernia with medicamentous means is effective only at the initial stage of the formation of a hernial protrusion, when destructive processes are still reversible. After protrusion of the disc, only surgical treatment is performed.
2. Conservative methods consist of the use of massage, the use of a special belt, compliance with the regime.
3. In case of ineffectiveness of conservative treatment, an operation is necessary.

Methods of conservative treatment:

• carrying out novocaine blockade in severe pain syndrome;
• appointment of supporting bandage and manual therapy;
• ingestion of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs;
• the performance of physiotherapy (after the subsidence of symptoms), compliance with diet.

Radical removal

The operation is appointed during the period of symptoms or in the event of a pinch. Radical treatment of vertebral hernia can be planned or emergency. Scheduled operations are performed after diagnosis of the hernia and the risk of exacerbation.

Vertebral hernia, the treatment of which is complicated by systemic diseases, requires a combined recovery, the use of medications and surgery. Various methods of surgical intervention are used: minimally invasive and radical operations.

Minimally invasive methods include laser surgery, the operation involves heating the damaged disk with a laser, which leads to a decrease in the pathological focus.

Disadvantages of laser surgery are a large number of contraindications, the development of postoperative edema.

Radical operations, among which a discectomy involves the removal of a damaged disc and the installation of a prosthesis.Methods of radical surgery have their shortcomings: frequent development of the inflammatory process after surgery, the risk of recurrence and prolonged rehabilitation.

Surgical treatment of vertebral hernia is indicated for all patients with extensive lesions, after which secondary prevention is performed.

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Prophylaxis involves hardware methods for restoring the function of the spine and taking medications. Completely get rid of a hernia is possible if you follow all the recommendations of a doctor.

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After a radical treatment specialist will tell you how to treat a hernia of the spine at home, applying methods of folk medicine and gymnastics.

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A source: http://ProGryzhu.ru/pozvonochnika/drugie-spiny/simptomy-i-metody-lecheniya-pozvonochnoy-gryzhi.html

Herniated spine: symptoms, treatment, extract

Spinal hernia

One of the most difficult complications in the pathological osteochondrosis changes in the spinal column is a hernia of the spine.

It is a change in the integrity of the intervertebral disc with the extension of its part into the lumen inside the spinal canal. If untimely treatment, a person may remain disabled.

Most often this disease affects men of working age.

Features of development of pathological process

Before you understand how this disease develops it is tiresome to first understand the structure of the intervertebral disc itself. In addition, you need to know what function it performs.

Already, judging from the name, the intervertebral disc is located between the vertebrae and connects them among themselves, while providing a small motor function of the spine.

In addition, it is a kind of living shock absorber of the human body.

Occurrence of a hernia of the spine

The disc itself consists of the outer part (there are photos and drawings on the Internet), which is formed from collagen fibrous structures and is called a fibrous membrane or ring.

By its consistence - rather springy. This is the main "shock absorber" of our body.

It is the core of the disc that helps to correctly distribute weight throughout the spine, for example when lifting objects with a large weight.

In the case of development of degenerative changes in the spine and in particular of the disc itself, the integrity of the collagen protective membrane is impaired.

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Consequently, the nucleus, which is no longer contained by the fibrous ring, is displaced from its habitual location. This is the intervertebral hernia. Depending on the place of its development, the clinical picture also appears.

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Sometimes very heavy. Then treatment of a hernia of the spine without surgery is not possible.

What can be the impetus for the development of the intervertebral hernia?

How can the internal processes of the organism itself provoke a vertebral hernia? The main ones are various disturbances in the system of supplying the osseous - articular structures of man with the necessary nutrients.

These include not only a lack of nutrition (for example, due to avitaminosis), but also an overabundance, for example, the deposition of salts. All this can lead to various degenerative changes in the cartilage.

As a result, a spinal disc herniation is formed.

The external influences that contribute to the development of this pathology include the following:

1. Injuries of the vertebral region of various nature.
2. Violation of posture, for example scoliosis.
3. Inadequate physical activity.
4. Small physical activity due to a passive lifestyle leads to insufficient development of muscle tissue, which is also a prerequisite for our disease.
5. Obesity can lead to an excessive load on the intervertebral discs.
6. Infectious-inflammatory diseases (for example, rheumatism, osteomyelitis).

What are the symptoms of a herniated intervertebral disc?

The main symptoms of a spinal hernia are pains of a different nature. Pain in general is the very first symptom. The patient does not even suspect the presence of pathology.

For the first time a symptom can manifest itself under a load, for example, lifting the weight or staying in an uncomfortable position for a long time. A little later, there will be neurologic symptoms (sensation of crawling, tingling, numbness of the limbs).

If an incorrect diagnosis is made and inadequate treatment begins, a person may become disabled.

In general, the course of the disease can be divided into two stages:

1. Onset of disease, which is characterized by the first foci of minor destruction of the cartilaginous tissue of the disc (for example, a fissure wall of the fibrous ring appears). Clinically, this is manifested by minor curvatures of the spinal column, mild edema of muscle tissue and a slight pain symptom. Timely diagnosis and treatment of the spinal hernia at this stage is very important, as most often it is possible to eliminate the pathology without the use of surgical intervention.
2. Immediate manifestation of the hernia itself, which is characterized by a symptom complex of infringement of nerve endings and intense pains.

It should be noted that for this pathology is characterized by a gradual course of the disease. The clinic depends on the location of the site. In principle, a hernia can appear in any part of the spinal column.

However, the hernia of the thoracic spine is not common. This is due to the peculiarity of the anatomical structure of the chest, the presence of a well-developed musculature.

Symptomatically, problems with intervertebral discs can manifest themselves in the form of scoliosis changes of a different nature and pain sensations.

Herniated disc lumbosacral vertebrae

In addition to pain in the region of the spine under loads of various kinds, lumbulas also attach. There may also be a numbness of the foot with a hernia of the spine of this department, and still a weakness and a violation of sensitivity.

In the case of a severe course of the pathological process, the internal organs of the small pelvis are disrupted.

When a hernia of the vertebral column is found in the cervical region, there are often complaints of pain symptoms in the neck region with irradiation in the upper limbs and shoulders. Characterized by dizziness and headache, as well as problems with blood pressure.

On the basis of what indicators is the diagnosis of "herniated discs of the spinal column"?

Before deciding how to treat the hernia of the spine, we will establish on the basis of what moments this diagnosis is exposed.

When the patient first calls for medical help, with complaints of pain in the spinal column, he is sent for consultation to an orthopedic doctor.

Based on the survey, the attending physician determines the main complaints, the quality and nature of the pain symptomatology, the location of the localization and the presence or absence of irradiation to other parts of the body. Presence or absence of pathological neurologic symptoms is fixed.

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Given the patient's feedback, they establish what became the prerequisite for the onset of the disease.

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In the case of any suspicions of the pathology of the spine, it is necessary to designate this type of diagnostic examination as the MRI of the department we need. During the survey, you can determine the following:

1. Does the patient have a hernia, a tumor, or a spinal column injury.
2. In the presence of the above, the exact location of the localization, as well as the dimensions, is determined.
3. The presence or absence of compression injuries of the spinal cord or nerve endings is established.
4. The level of damage to nearby tissues is determined.

If the diagnosis is confirmed, it remains only to decide the question: "How to cure a spinal hernia?"

Principles of the treatment process aimed at removing the intervertebral hernia

Therapy of this pathology should not only eliminate the cause of the disease, but also return the patient to a normal life. For this, the following methods are applied in complex:

1. Drug therapy, which is aimed at eliminating the cause of the disease, removing the pain symptom, as well as for general strengthening of the body.
2. The return of a person to a normal, full-fledged life, by restoring the functions of the spinal column. For this, exercise therapy, physiotherapy, manual therapy and other methods are used.
3. It is necessary to develop the right way of life and nutrition with a hernia of the spine.

Let's consider each method in more detail.

What is the treatment for a spinal hernia?

Drug therapy is the main one at the initial stage of treatment.

It removes the inflammatory process, pain symptoms, improves the blood supply to the muscular and cartilaginous tissue, spurs the restorative processes of the body.

All medicinal substances are used strictly under medical supervision. Any attempt at self-treatment can have depressing consequences.

Diclofenac for pain relief and inflammation

Treatment of herniated spine with medicines begins with the appointment of non-steroidal medicinal substances, for example diclofenac. This drug well removes inflammation and eliminates pain, and besides, it is also a good stabilizer of body temperature.

However, along with the positive effect, this group of medicines can not be used for long-term treatment. The main reason is a large number of complications after taking, especially from the gastrointestinal tract.

Bole modern drugs, for example alflutop solve the same problems, but no longer have such a negative effect on the human body. In addition to anti-inflammatory action, they stimulate regenerative processes in bone and cartilaginous tissues, and consequently, pain is eliminated.

What it is? These are painkillers injections with novocaine, which cut off the area of ​​the pain symptom, achieving an anesthetic effect.

It is often enough to take 1-2 procedures and the pain completely disappears.

In the case of severe muscular spasm, muscle relaxants may be used under medical supervision. Also, to stimulate the body's recovery processes, vitamin-containing nyxes are necessary for hernia of the spine. For this purpose it is better to apply vitamins of group B.

Massage and manual therapy

Manual therapy

The purpose of massage in the pathology under consideration is not always expedient. At any not accurate movement of the masseur the infringement of the nervous endings can occur. Unless it can be used with caution in the period of remission to strengthen muscle tissue.

To treatment by the method of manual therapy also need to be approached with great care.

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However, in the case of some complicated conditions, for example, in the presence of various kinds of displacement of the vertebrae, manual therapy with a spinal hernia is irreplaceable.

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During the treatment, the vertebra is being repositioned, and as a result, muscle spasm is eliminated. And as a result, the pain goes away.

Therapeutic methods of treatment of vertebral hernia

LFK with a hernia of the spine

The course of therapeutic physical training in the acute period of the disease is not assigned. During the period of remission, it can be recommended at the insistence of the attending physician to strengthen the "muscular corset".

The lesson is conducted only in a medical institution under the supervision of a medical professional. The list of exercises is compiled individually for each patient.

This takes into account the level of spine damage, as well as the presence of complications.

Of course, in the case of our pathology, not all types of swimming movements can be used, because of the heavy load on the spinal column.

However, swimming on the back or crochet, as well as special gymnastic exercises in the water will help stabilize the pathological process.

In addition, this procedure not only reduces the burden on the vertebral column, but also strengthens the muscles that support it. Also in the pool with success, stretching the spine with a hernia is performed. Most often it is supplemented with turpentine or hydrosulphuric baths. That favorably affects the result of the rehabilitation process.

Physiotherapy with herniated intervertebral discs

In a subacute period, many specialists recommend the use of physiotherapy procedures. Amplipulse with a hernia of the spine is one of the most common prescriptions.

The essence of this method is the impact on the spine with a pulse current with a low voltage level and a low frequency.

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The period of the current is interrupted by periods of rest, therefore, not only stimulation occurs, but a relaxing effect is achieved.

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The result of this procedure is the reduction of the inflammatory process, the elimination of pain symptoms. However, some experts consider this method of treatment rather controversial.

Orthopedic corset as a method of helping with herniated intervertebral discs

Corset with a hernia of the spine

One of the recommendations may be an orthopedic corset with a hernia of the spine.

What is this device? The medical corset is a special device made of elastic fabric, if necessary, provided with rigid inserts.

It is used to provide a rigid or semi-rigid fixation of the spine in a certain position. Due to this the muscle tone decreases, the pain disappears and the damaged part of the spinal column is maintained.

It should be emphasized that the corset with a hernia of the spine is selected individually for each patient, taking into account the location of the hernia, anatomical features of the patient and general condition health.

Dietary food

The diet with a hernia of the spine is not very strict. However, the food should contain a sufficient amount of protein, which is necessary for restorative therapy. You can eat any fruits and vegetables, especially those that are rich in vitamins.

It is not recommended to use spicy and fatty foods, alcohol. They have a bad effect on the treatment of the inflammatory process. With the problem of excess weight, you must abandon the high-calorie foods.

Do not overload the spine with an extra load.

And so, we examined the main directions of conservative treatment. In the event that the pathological process was not suspended, surgical removal of the hernia of the spine is applied.

A source: http://spinanezdorova.ru/gryzha-pozvonochnika/gryzha-pozvonochnika.html