Frequent SARS in a child what to do

The child is often sick, what should I do? Best advice to moms

Today, many mothers ask questions about why a child often suffers, what to do to improve his health. All parents try to protect their baby from infections. However, whatever efforts are made, they are still sick. Most often, children are prone to frequent viral infections at preschool age. Why is this happening? Let's figure it out.

Often a sick child in 1 year

Children up to the age of two are often ill, since they still have the immune system as it should be. Any infection in their body gets much more often and faster than to an adult baby. If a small child is often sick, what should I do? 1 year is the age when many medicines are contraindicated.

Immunity is weak and decreases even more if given to the child antibiotics. To begin with, parents should note what kind of lifestyle their baby is leading. Perhaps he lacks fresh air, hardening, proper nutrition. Some parents believe that if the weather is bad on the street: snow, frost or rain, do not go out for walks.

The doctors recommend fresh air to the child every day, regardless of the weather. Of course, in a frost -30 degrees or in a downpour is not necessary to walk.

Mom should try to feed the baby with breast milk as long as possible. It's not for nothing that they say that in such a case the child is less likely to be infected. All the year round, the baby will not stop brewing chamomile, juice and other herbs for drinking, which strengthen immunity. You can give them instead of compote or tea.

Often a sick child in 2 years

Parents of older children also care about such questions. If a child (2 years) is often sick, what should I do in this case? In theory, his immunity is already stronger. This is a misconception. A child of 2 years of age still needs special attention. But you can already buy medicines that will help in the treatment of the baby. However, it is worth remembering that excessive consumption reduces immunity, especially for antibiotics.

Do not interfere with the child antiviral drugs that help cope with the disease. Vitamins, proteins, lean meat in the diet of the child should be present daily. Very often children get sick at the age of 2 when they start visiting kindergarten. This is due to the meager menu of the dining room.

Why are often sick children who attend kindergarten, and what to do about it?

Children who go to preschools get sick more often by 10-15% than domestic ones. Why does this happen? At home, parents protect their babies from any infection. During quarantine, they try not to drive children to crowded places, avoid contact with patients. When the baby starts to go to kindergarten, he gets different infections from his peers. Very often there is the fact that parents bring children with viral infections into the collective, and they infect the healthy.

The child often gets sick in the kindergarten, what should I do? This question worries many parents. Of course, it will not be possible to completely avoid the diseases, since the body must fight, but it is possible to reduce them to a minimum.

To begin with, the child needs to ensure a healthy lifestyle. His bedroom, where he sleeps, should be clean, well-ventilated daily. On the street or at home, he should be dressed in the same way as his parents. A child should be taught to sport as early as possible. Drink it to give better non-carbonated water, compotes, juices, herbal teas. All this will help strengthen immunity.

In summer, the child should spend as much time as possible in the fresh air. River, sea, warm sand - it all increases immunity. After the illness, you do not have to hurry to the kindergarten, even if you stay for 5-7 days at home to strengthen the body.

If the baby brings an infection the next time, it may take a lot longer to recover. Important! With the baby it is necessary to undergo a full course of treatment, if it is interrupted, complications are possible.

Frequent illnesses in kindergarten - this is normal. According to doctors, the ideal age of the child to visit public places is 3-3.5 years. By this age, immunity is ready to deal with viral infections.

Frequently ill children in 5 years

Even after the child has undergone complete adaptation in the kindergarten, he continues to often get sick. Why does this happen and what should I do in this case? Usually this is due to the fact that the child's immunity is still weakened, because the child took some medication for a long period or suffered a serious illness.

The child is often sick, what to do? 5 years is the age when the baby can be explained that the hands are necessarily washed with soap after a walk. Also, before the time for quarantine has come, it is advisable to get an inoculation against infectious diseases. It is very good to take different immunomodulators during this period, which will support the body in a difficult period. Of course, we must not forget about tempering. If you follow all the rules, the children will not stop being sick at all, but some infections can be avoided.

Angina and her treatment

Angina is an infectious disease of the tonsils. It is accompanied by high fever and throat pain. If the child is often sick with angina, what to do in this case? First you need to understand the reason.

To do this, you must pass all the tests according to the doctor's prescription and turn to Laura. Frequent angina is possible if one parent has a chronic upper respiratory tract disease.

Often the child is sick: what to do? Visiting a children's team or crowded places can provoke a sore throat. If the child is very small, then it is better to put gentle compresses from the leaves of cabbage or cottage cheese, spray your throat, be sure to drink warm milk with a piece of butter. The main thing is to treat in a complex.

A child from 3 years old can gargle. Therefore, you need to dilute it in a glass of warm boiled water 0.5 tsp. soda. Warm up the throat with various folk remedies in the form of lamps and salt can not! The disease will only progress. Frequent drinking will help the child to lower the temperature. It is not desirable to shoot down to 38.5.

With frequent angina, many doctors recommend an operation to remove the glands. This is an unpleasant procedure. The throat hurts after the operation for another month. Therefore, it is better to try to avoid this unpleasant surgical intervention. To sore throat is not passed into a chronic form, it is better for a child to gradually temper the contrast shower, strengthen his immune system with the help of vitamins, vegetables, fruits, and in the summer it is desirable to carry it to the sea (not less than 14 days). Then the baby will be less sick.

What to do with frequent diseases of ARVI

If children are often ill with viral infections, this means one thing - reduced immunity. Without the doctor's supervision, you can not leave your kids. There can be complications, and then the parents will not understand what has served this.

ARVI is a disease that is transmitted by airborne droplets. In order to understand what kind of infection the child has, all the necessary tests prescribed by the doctor are surrendered. ARVI is treated at home, but under the supervision of a doctor. There is a change in temperature, respiratory tract and nasopharynx. If the child is often sick with ARVI, what should I do in this case to avoid relapse? A comprehensive method of treatment should be conducted. In the diet must be present fruit and vegetables.

Drinking baby is better to offer in the form of juices, fruit drinks, milk with honey or compotes. If the child does not have a temperature, then you can put mustard plasters. The medicine must be given according to the doctor's prescription. Only comprehensive treatment will help the child cure for a long time. After the illness it is better to try not to visit places where there are many people, the body needs to get stronger. The most important thing is to save the child from all kinds of drafts. This is the first friend of the disease.

What should I do if I have frequent bronchitis?

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchi. The first symptom of this disease is a cough of any form (wet or dry). Bronchitis is treated exclusively under the supervision of a doctor. If it is not treated properly, or self-medicated, it will lead to inflammation of the lungs, etc.

Many parents are afraid of such consequences and ask the question: "A child often suffers from bronchitis: what to do?". First of all, the baby should be given daily inhalations, give warm milk with honey, medicines for the doctor's prescription. If a child suffers from bronchitis more than four times a year, they diagnose "chronic bronchitis." If this disease passes easily, then you can take the drugs orally, with a heavy form, only injections are prescribed.

A child often suffers from bronchitis: what to do? Any doctor will advise him to temper and walk more in the fresh air, and the way of life of the child to make the most comfortable. With frequent bronchitis in the baby's room should be a daily wet cleaning, so it will be easier for him to breathe. It is desirable to remove the entire dust collector (in the form of soft toys, carpets, etc.).

Causes of frequent childhood diseases

Very often the child is sick if the environment is unfavorable for him. This can be low-quality products, the wrong regime of the day, polluted air. Because of these unpleasant factors, the child's immunity decreases, as a result of which he is increasingly getting sick. As a rule, a child after contact with children can get new infections, with which his body will cope will all be harder.

Which treatment is more effective? Advice to moms

Sometimes it is impossible to do without drugs, but only with acute and neglected forms. Often the child is sick, what should I do? At the initial stage of the disease, the child can be given pills or syrups to maintain immunity, vitamins C and D. Also shown is a warm abundant drink, mustard, honey. When coughing, compresses from cottage cheese or a potato cake help effectively.

With a cold, it is desirable to make mustard trays, but only if there is no temperature. If the child is thoracic, the most effective means is washing and instilling the spout with mother's milk. With an angina, rinse your throat every half hour. For children, you need to make a weak solution. Do not take antibiotics and other medicines immediately. From them, immunity weakens, which leads to frequent colds.

What does Komarovsky say about often ill children

According to Dr. Komarovsky, it is quite normal for a child who visits a children's group to get sick 6-10 times a year. He says that if in childhood one often struggles with various colds and overcome them, then these children very rarely take on their bodies infections when they become adults.

The child is often sick, what to do? Komarovsky advises bed rest for the first 5 days, since the virus in the human body can live more only if not treated at all. During illness it is not necessary to move much, as there is a risk of long recovery and infection of surrounding people. When raising the temperature, it is necessary to give a febrifuge, but tablets, especially immunomodulators, should not be given.

The child is often sick, what to do? Komarovsky believes that it is quite possible to cure a baby with the help of natural vitamins and abundant drink. Often, the SARS is very normal and, according to the doctor, is not terrible. The main task of parents is to cure a child without antibiotics and medications.

In the open air, viruses are transmitted less often than in rooms, so you can walk even with a sick kid on the street, but avoid places where there are people. Daily ventilation of the room is mandatory, even when the baby is sleeping, leave the ventilator open for 2-3 hours, and hide it.

Prevention, according to Dr. Komarovsky, is shown for the entire period of the disease and 2 weeks after it you can not communicate with people. A weakened organism may take on another infection, which can lead to a complication if the disease recurs suddenly. As advises to mothers doctor Komarovsky, it is necessary to study to be treated without drugstores, to protect them it is necessary on an extreme case. In viral infections, the first thing given to a child is a liquid (milk, compote, herbs).

How to strengthen the immunity of the child, so that he hurts less often?

To strengthen immunity, rush to give medicine is not necessary. First you need to create a comfortable lifestyle for your baby. Let him learn to observe hygiene, wash his hands not only after the street, but also after the toilet. Mom can offer the entire family a daily wash in soapy toys solution. During the quarantine, try not to go with the baby to the shops, not to travel in the transport. If there is a possibility not to attend kindergarten, then it is better to stay at home for the time of the spread of viruses.

The presence of fish, meat, cereals, dairy products is mandatory in the child's menu. Sweets try to give as little as possible (biscuits, sweets, sugar, etc.). Gradually, you can accustom the child to hardening. A contrast shower is very useful to use daily. If you create all the conditions, then the child will get sick less often.

Tips for parents

To ensure that the child is as sick as possible, it is necessary to take care of him before he is born. Parents should live in an ecologically clean area and check for all possible diseases. The main thing is that they are not passed on to the child. Mum during pregnancy should be limited from stress and from communicating with a sick person.

When the baby was born, he needs breastfeeding as long as possible. In the kindergarten to take the child to three years is not necessary, because the body is still weakened. He strengthens closer to four years, then communication in the team will not hurt him. If the child began to get sick often, and this is 10 times a year and more, then you need to undergo a survey with such doctors: an endocrinologist, an immunologist, an allergist and a pediatrician. To hand over all corresponding or meeting analyzes on purpose or appointment of doctors. After the doctor prescribed the prescription, the baby should be treated in a complex and in no case should it be interrupted so that there are no unpleasant consequences. Self-medication is not necessary, because you can further damage him.

Conclusion

Help your baby to be healthy. This is a great work for parents. There is nothing impossible, and it is quite possible to dispense with antibiotics and injections. Create a comfortable life for the child, temper it. You yourself will be surprised that your child will begin to get sick less, without medication.

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SARS in children

Acute respiratory viral infections of ARVI in children occur in about 75% of all childhood diseases. Infections of the upper respiratory tract (acute respiratory infection (ARI), acute respiratory infections (ARI), acute respiratory infections) - a group of acute infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract of different localization, etiology and symptomatology.

ARVI - the most common infection on the globe. It is impossible to take full account of the true morbidity. Almost every person several times (from 4-8 to 15 times or more) in the year transfers ARVI mainly in the form of light and subclinical forms. Especially often ARVI are observed in young children. Children of the first months of life are seldom ill, because they are in relative isolation and many of them retain passive immunity received from the mother transplacentally in the form of IgG for 6-10 months. However, children of the first months of life can also be sick with ARI, especially if they are in close contact with patients. The reasons for this may be unstrained transplacental immunity or its complete absence, prematurity, primary forms of immunodeficiency, etc.

ICD-10 code J00-J06 Acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract

Epidemiology of ARVI

According to statistics, a child can get sick from 1 to 8 times a year. This is due to the fact that the immunity produced in a child's body against a single virus is powerless before another infection. And the viruses that cause ARVI, hundreds. These are influenza viruses, parainfluenza, adenoviruses, enteroviruses and other microorganisms. And since parents often have to deal with ARVI, they should know as much as possible about this disease, about the mechanisms of its development and methods of combating viral infection in childhood.

The greatest incidence falls on children from 2 to 5 years of life, which is usually due to their visit to children's institutions, a significant increase in the number of contacts. A child who visits a kindergarten during the first year can get sick with ARI up to 10-15 times, in the second year 5-7 times, in subsequent years 3-5 times a year. The decrease in the incidence is due to the acquisition of specific immunity as a result of the acute respiratory viral infection.

Such a high incidence of SARS in childhood makes this problem one of the most urgent in pediatrics. Repeated diseases significantly affect the development of the child. They lead to a weakening of the defenses of the body, contribute to the formation of chronic foci of infection, cause allergization, prevent carrying out preventive vaccinations, weighed down the premorbid background and delayed the physical and psychomotor development of children. In many cases, frequent ARVI are pathogenetically associated with asthmatic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, chronic pyelonephritis, polyarthritis, chronic diseases of the nasopharynx and many other diseases.

Causes of ARVI in children

Factors contributing to the emergence of SARS, pursue the child everywhere. To such reasons it is possible to carry:

• hypothermia, drafts, wet shoes;
• communication with other children, patients with ARI;
• a sharp change of weather, off-season (autumn-winter, winter-spring);
• lowering of the body's defenses;
• hypovitaminosis, anemia, weakened organism;
• reduced physical activity of the child, inactivity;
• improper hardening of the body.

All these factors are factors that weaken the body and contribute to the unhindered spread of the virus.

The causes of frequent ARVI in children - is the high sensitivity of the child's organism at any age, including the newborn baby. At the child frequent ORVI begin from the moment of receipt in a day nursery, a kindergarten or school. Diseases can be repeated by turns. This happens because the immune defense after a viral infection is produced from one type of virus. Penetration into the body of a new virus provokes a new disease, even if a short amount of time has passed after the previous one.

How long does it last for a child?

How long can a baby be infectious and how long does it last for a child?

As a rule, the more time passed from the moment of appearance of the first symptoms, the less likely that the child is infectious. That time interval when the diseased is capable to infect others, usually begins from occurrence of the first symptoms of disease or simultaneously with them. In some cases, the baby may still look "healthy", but the disease process can already be started. It depends on many factors, including the resistance of children's immunity.

The initial moment of the incubation period (when the virus has already entered the children's body, but the disease has not yet manifested itself "in all its glory") is the moment of communication with an already infectious patient. Such a moment can be contact with a sick child in a kindergarten, or accidentally caught "sneeze" in a trolleybus. The final stage of the incubation period is completed with the appearance of the first signs of the disease (when complaints appear).

Laboratory tests can already indicate the presence of the virus in the body already during the incubation period.

The incubation period of ARVI in children can last from several hours to 2 weeks. This applies to pathogens such as rhinovirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza, paracoloss, adenovirus, reovirus, as well as a respiratory syncytial virus.

The period during which the child is contagious can begin 1-2 days before the first signs of the disease appear.

How long does it last for a child? If counted from the moment of appearance of the first symptoms, the period of the disease can last up to 10 days (on average - a week). In this case, depending on the type of virus, the child can continue to be contagious for another 3 weeks after recovery (disappearance of symptoms).

Symptoms of ARVI in children

Whichever type of virus is caused by ARVI, with the classical form of the disease, there are some common symptoms:

• "General infectious" syndrome (the child is shivering, can disturb the pain in the muscles, in the head, there is weakness, the temperature rises, the submandibular lymph nodes increase);
• defeat of the respiratory system (nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, cough dry or with sputum);
• damage to the mucous membranes (rubbing and redness in the eye area, lacrimation, conjunctivitis).

The first signs of acute respiratory viral infection in a child are often characterized by a sudden onset with a clearly marked "general infection" syndrome. With parainfluenza or adenovirus, the first signs are the defeat of the respiratory system (throat, nasopharynx), as well as the reddening and itching of the conjunctiva of the eye.

Of course, it would be easier for both parents and doctors if the ARVI period in children has always been classic. However, the children's organism is a very complex system, and its response to the penetration of a particular virus can not be predicted by one hundred percent. Each organism is individual, so the course of ARVI can be erased, asymptomatic, atypical or even extremely severe.

Since it is unlikely that the parents will be able to guess and predict the course of the disease, it is necessary to know about the conditions under which one will have to consult a doctor in the most urgent way.

Symptoms of acute respiratory viral infection in children requiring urgent medical attention:

• Temperature indicators have exceeded 38 ° C and little or no response to antipyretic drugs.
• The child is disturbed by consciousness, he is confused, indifferent, can faint.
• The child complains of a severe headache, as well as the inability to turn the neck or make an inclination anteriorly.
• On the skin appear vascular sprouts, rashes.
• There is pain in the chest, the child starts to choke, it is hard for him to breathe.
• There is a multicolored sputum (green, brown or pink).
• Appear edema on the body.
• Cramps appear.

Do not self-medicate, especially if it's about your child. Pay attention also to other organs and systems of the baby, so as not to miss the beginning inflammation.

Temperature in children with ARVI

Children are sensitive enough to an increase in body temperature: an excessively high temperature contributes to the occurrence of seizures in the child. Because of this, do not allow a temperature increase of more than 38-38.5 ° C.

The temperature should not be brought down to 38 ° C, as it is not necessary to interfere with the body to perform its work - to fight the penetration of the virus. This can provoke the appearance of complications. What you need to do:

• do not panic;
• monitor the state of the child - usually after 3-4 days the temperature should stabilize.

Prolonged ARI in a child with a non-decreasing temperature may indicate the attachment of a bacterial infection. It also happens that when the temperature after the virus infection dropped, the kid seemed to be on the mend, but after a few days he got worse again, and a fever appeared. In such a situation, do not hesitate to call a doctor.

In the classical course of acute respiratory viral infection, the temperature can not last more than 2-3 days, maximum - five days. During this time, the body must overcome the virus, having developed its own antibodies to it. It is important: do not specifically knock down the temperature to normal, you can only lower it, so that the body continues to fight with the infection.

Cough with ARVI in children

Cough for ARVI in children is a fairly common symptom. Usually it is present against a background of fever, a cold and other signs of the disease. With the onset of the disease, a dry cough (without sputum) is observed. Such a cough doctors call unproductive: it is hard to tolerate by the child, can disturb the calm of his sleep, negatively affect the appetite.

In the classical course of acute respiratory viral infection, after 3-4 days the cough passes into the productive stage - sputum appears. But it should be borne in mind that not all babies can cough it out. For this reason, the child needs help: regular chest massage, light gymnastics, and when a coughing fit the baby should be given a vertical position.

Typically, cough with viral infections lasts up to 15-20 days, but if it lasts more than three weeks, you can suspect a chronic cough. In such cases, it is necessary to have a competent consultation of a children's pulmonologist and an allergist, as well as the appointment of a complex therapy.

Vomiting in a child with ARVI

Vomiting in a child with ARVI can occur simultaneously with the appearance of high fever and cough. With difficulty, the departing sputum, dense and viscous, irritates the respiratory system and provokes a fits of painful coughing in the child. The gag reflex works as a result of the transition of the excitatory signal from the cough centers to the vomiting centers. In some cases, vomiting can occur due to the accumulation of a large number of mucous secretions in the nasopharyngeal cavity, but in this case, vomiting appears without coughing. Most often, vomiting on the background of a cough is not abundant, the child does not seem to be relieved.

It is important to distinguish when vomiting is associated with the simultaneous excitation of cough and vomiting reflex, and when vomiting can be a sign of poisoning or a disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, it is necessary to show the child to the doctor, otherwise it can provoke the appearance of unwanted and sometimes severe complications.

Rashes in children with ARVI

If there was a rash in the ARVI in a child - this is a direct reason to call a doctor. It is possible to list several variants of the causes of the appearance of rashes during the illness:

• intolerance to any of the medications taken by the baby;
• an allergic reaction to food that parents usually give the sick child (raspberries, oranges, lemons, garlic, ginger, etc.);
• high temperature, which contributes to increased vascular permeability - in such cases, the rash resembles a different hemorrhage on the skin.

There are also more serious causes of the rash. For example, this is the joining of meningococcal infection: such a rash is usually accompanied by hyperthermia and vomiting. In any of the options, if a rash is found on the child's body, all measures should be taken to deliver the baby to the infectious department as soon as possible. You can simply call an "ambulance" and describe the symptoms of the disease. To delay in this case it is impossible.

The abdomen is sick at an ORVI at the child

Quite often, parents are faced with a situation when the abdomen is sick during ARVI in a child. The pains are most often coelike and localized in the zone of the projection of the large intestine. Doctors can explain this symptom by the combined reaction of the lymphatic system of the intestine and appendix. For the same reason, ARVI can be complicated by an attack of acute appendicitis. In this situation, the most competent act of parents can be a doctor's call to the house, and if the pain in the abdominal area increases, then it will be necessary to call for an emergency.

A large amount of acute respiratory viral infection, accompanied by abdominal pain, can also be accompanied by diarrhea. Diarrhea in ARVI in a child is caused by cramping spasms in the intestine - the reaction of the child's body to the disease. However, most often diarrhea and abdominal pain provoke drugs that the child is forced to take. For example, if a baby is prescribed antibiotics or antiviral drugs, then it can gradually lead to a violation of microflora intestine, or manifest as a reaction of the hypersensitivity of the digestive system to certain types of medications. In any case, a doctor's consultation is mandatory.

Conjunctivitis in children with ARVI

Unfortunately, conjunctivitis in ARVI in a child occurs in almost all cases of the disease, especially when attacking adenovirus infection. Signs of conjunctivitis become noticeable immediately. Initially, a viral infection that provoked ARVI affects one eye, but after one or two days another eye is affected. Both eyes of the child blush, itch, there is a feeling of "sand" in the eyes. The kid squints, rubs his eyelids, constantly cries. Eyes can be covered with crusts, and in the corners can collect light discharge.

Such conjunctivitis gradually passes and independently, as the child recovers from ARVI. Nevertheless, to alleviate the condition of the baby and eliminate itching and discharge from the eyes faster can help special children medicines - an antiviral ophthalmic ointment or drops that can be easily purchased at pharmacies.

However, in some cases, conjunctivitis can be the result of an allergic reaction in the child. In this state, the baby not only has lachrymation and reddening of the eyes, but swollen lower eyelids. It is characteristic that allergies affect both eyes simultaneously. If this happens, urgent medical consultation is needed, identification and elimination of contact with a potential allergen, prescription of antihistamine eye drops and medications.

Features of ARVI in children

Children at different ages may respond differently to the appearance of signs of ARVI.

• SARS in an infant may manifest symptoms such as a child's anxiety, poor sleep, loss of appetite; frustration of defecation, excessive tearfulness and capriciousness. Such changes in the behavior of the infant should cause suspicion in the mother, since the baby can not explain his state of health with words.
• SARS in a month-old baby can flow with difficulty nasal breathing, as the baby can not breathe with his mouth. How to suspect that the child has a stuffy nose? The baby becomes restless when sucking, often refuses to eat and repels the breast or bottle. In such cases, it is necessary to clear the nasal passages.
• SARS in a 2-month-old baby can characteristically manifest as shortness of breath with a prolonged wheezing - this symptom is often called an asthmatic syndrome. At the same time, symptoms of intoxication are expressed: grayness or cyanosis of the skin, lethargy, apathy, fever.
• ARVI in a 3 month old child often occurs with a defeat of the respiratory system, which can be complicated by unskilled help with bronchitis or pneumonia. Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to the difficulty of swallowing and nasal breathing of the child, to regularly measure the temperature. Breastfeeding during this period is extremely undesirable, as the mother's milk in this case will be the best medicine for the baby.
• SARS in a 4 month old child is accompanied by a lesion of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and bronchi, which manifests itself as a runny nose and cough. You can see an increase in submandibular or parotid lymph nodes, spleen. Often develops conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis, which is expressed in the redness of the eyes and continuous lachrymation.
• ARVI in children up to a year can be complicated by croup - a condition when the larynx becomes inflamed and swollen, namely, the zone that is directly under the vocal cords. This condition is explained by the fact that in small children this zone contains a large amount of loose fiber, which easily swells. At the same time, the guttural lumen is not large enough. Croup often develops at night, so parents should pay attention to the sudden onset "Barking" cough, heavy breathing, attacks of suffocation, anxiety, cyanosis of the lips in a child. If such signs are observed, it is necessary to urgently call an ambulance.
• ORVI at the child 6 month - the period when the kid has already entered or introduces the prikorm. Often at a six-year-old age, a viral infection is accompanied, in addition to the defeat of the respiratory system, by the involvement of the digestive system in the process. This can manifest as signs of acute gastritis or enteritis: there are pains in the abdomen, upset of the stool.
• SARS in a child 1 year can be repeated from 1 to 8 times a year, depending on the immunity. Starting from this age, it is very important to start hardening procedures and strengthen the immune system of the baby so that his body can withstand numerous viruses and bacteria. It is especially important to protect the baby in the autumn-winter and winter-spring period.
• SARS in a child 2 years is more often accompanied by laryngitis (inflammation of the larynx), tracheitis (inflammation of the trachea - respiratory tube), or a combination of these diseases. Signs of such defeat - a hoarse voice, dry compulsive cough. Of course, a 2-year-old kid can not yet communicate his complaints coherently. Therefore, parents should closely monitor the condition of the child. If there is difficulty breathing, the intercostal spaces are blurred, the wings of the nose inflated, an "ambulance" should be urgently called.
• SARS in a child of 3 years usually begins in a rise in temperature towards evening. There is a pain in the head, the baby feels apathetic, tired, listless. Most often the disease appears in the season of epidemics, so the diagnosis is easy. The severity of the condition determines the child's well-being.

If you notice any uncharacteristic or suspicious symptoms in the child - be sure to call an "ambulance". Do not be afraid once again to disturb the doctor: the main thing is the health of your baby.

Repeated ARVI in a child

Repeated ARVI in a child is not uncommon, since children are usually very susceptible to a viral infection. Babies are prone to infection with the virus from the first weeks of life, but in the first three months they are not ill as often as in older age. The tendency to the disease is especially pronounced at the age of six months to 3 years, then the susceptibility decreases somewhat, although this may depend on the individual immunity of the organism.

Why there are repeated ARVI? The fact is that immunity has specificity in relation to certain types and even types of viral infection. Such immunity does not differ in resistance and duration. And in combination with a large number of varieties of the virus creates a large percentage of the probability of repeated diseases.

ARVI in a child can occur as a single case, or as a result of a mass epidemic, which often happens in a children's team. That is why the child's morbidity rises, as a rule, with the beginning of visiting a kindergarten or other pre-school or school institutions.

Where does it hurt?

Chest pain

What's bothering you?

Cough Shortness of breath

Complications of ARVI in children

According to statistics, at least 15% of all diseases of ARVI in childhood leave behind complications for other organs and systems of the body. For this reason, do not forget that in children, acute respiratory infections can occur with an elevated temperature of not more than five days. A longer rise in temperature above 38 ° C may indicate the occurrence of complications or the addition of another disease. Sometimes the temperature seems to go down, but after 1-3 days it rises again: there are symptoms of intoxication, such as tearfulness, pallor, lethargy, increased sweating. The child refuses to eat and drink, becomes indifferent to what is happening. What can be complications of ARVI in children?

• Cough after ARI in a child in some cases can mean the transition of the disease to bronchitis or even pneumonia - the viral infection progresses gradually down the respiratory tract. First, there may be a clinical picture of laryngitis (dry cough, hoarse voice), then tracheitis (painful cough, vocal functions are restored), and subsequently bronchitis. The main sign of bronchitis is cough. At first it is dry and coarse, phlegm gradually begins to form and cough. The difficulty of breathing is added, the temperature rises again, sweating, fatigue. If the child has frequent and heavy breathing (sometimes the baby seems to "grumble"), then bronchiolitis or pneumonia can be suspected. Consultation of a doctor is mandatory.
• The rash in a child after ARVI can be a consequence of several reasons. For example, it can be the attachment of diseases such as rubella, measles, herpes (baby roseola), enterovirus infection, scarlet fever, etc. Or maybe an allergic reaction to drugs, for example, antibiotics. The exact cause of the rash should be determined by the doctor.
• Arthritis after SARS in children can appear after a long illness. Such arthritis is called "reactive". Symptoms of reactive arthritis may appear several days or even weeks after recovery. Usually there is pain in the joint (usually in the morning). It can be a hip joint, knee, ankle, etc. The child hardly gets out of bed, when walking limps, complains of severe pain. Diagnosis of the disease and begin treatment can child rheumatologist, based on the examination and the results of some tests.

Also complications of SARS can be sinusitis (inflammation in the paranasal sinuses) or otitis media. To suspect such diseases it is possible on a constant stuffiness of a nose against a background of a headache, or on shooting pain in an ear along with depression of hearing and feeling zalozhennosti.

Diagnosis of acute respiratory viral infections in children

The main task of the tests conducted for the diagnosis of acute respiratory viral infection in children is the determination of the type of pathogen. Depending on this, a further treatment regimen will be prescribed.

The most common tests for children with ARVI are a general blood test, a general urine test, and immunological tests to detect antibodies to a viral infection.

What indicators usually indicate ARVI?

General blood analysis:

• erythrocytes - the norm or increase due to a deficiency of fluid in the body;
• hematocrit - the norm or increase (with fever);
• leukocytes - the lower limit of normal or lower, indicating a viral etiology of the disease;
• the leukocyte formula is the prevalence of lymphocytes, a slight increase in monocytes;
• eosinophils - a decrease in the number or complete disappearance;
• neutrophils - decrease in quantity;
• ESR in children with acute respiratory viral infection is increased, but for viral infection this indicator is not specific.

General urine analysis:

• changes are not specific, sometimes - a small amount of protein in the urine, which passes after recovery;
• possible, but not at all necessary - a small microhematuria.

In rare cases, ketone bodies can be found in the blood or urine - acetone and acetoacetic acid - chemical complexes, which are formed in the liver when digesting food that has entered the digestive tract. Acetone in ARVI in children may appear in different concentrations, and since this substance is initially toxic, its presence in large amounts can cause symptoms of poisoning in the child (in particular, vomiting, as well as the odor of acetone from the mouth or from urinary secretions). Definition and treatment of acetone in blood or urine should be handled exclusively by a medical specialist.

Immunology is an analysis of immunoglobulins M (already released at the initial stages of the disease). This analysis is taken twice - with the first symptoms of acute respiratory viral infection and a week later. Such a study allows you to accurately identify the pathogen. Nevertheless, the immunological method is not always used, but only with a severe and protracted course of the disease.

What it is necessary to survey?

Bronchi Trachea Larynx

How to inspect?

X-ray of lungs Examination of respiratory (lung) organs Bronchoscopy

What tests are needed?

Sputum examination

Who to contact?

Infectionist Pediatrician

Treatment of ARVI in children

Children with a mild and moderate form of SARS can be treated at home. Hospitalized only in the following cases:

• with a severe form of the disease, or in the presence of complications (inflammation of the lungs, croup, etc.);
• at the age of a child under 1 year, or from 1 to 3 years;
• at unsatisfactory epidemiological and material conditions.

The standard of ARVI treatment in children provides, first of all, the removal of intoxication of the body. To do this, use a lot of warm drinking, complex multivitamins, and in more severe cases - in / in the introduction of glucose and blood substitutes. At high temperature, antipyretic drugs may be used in the form of tablets or rectal suppositories, and in severe cases, as intramuscular injections.

During the period of fever the child is shown bed rest. In the absence of complications, antibiotics and sulfonamide preparations are usually not used, but in some cases to small children they are still prescribed, since it is very difficult to recognize a complication in an infant.

The protocol for the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections in children with complications includes the appointment of bronchodilators (for pneumonia or bronchitis). Antibiotics are used with caution, taking into account the allergic inclinations of the child. When stenosis of the larynx they use sedative drugs, antispasmodics, in severe cases, inject hydrocortisone.

Modern treatment of ARVI in children implies the appointment of drugs aimed at eliminating the main symptoms of the disease. What are these drugs:

• antitussives in the form of syrups, chewing or ordinary tablets;
• Warming creams or balms based on natural ingredients, which are rubbed into the skin of the chest;
• other warming procedures (mustard or compresses) according to indications;
• vitamin preparations to strengthen the immune forces.

More details about the drugs in ARVI, we'll talk below.

Drugs for the treatment of acute respiratory infections in children

All anti-virus products are divided into 4 categories:

• homeopathic antiviral agents;
• especially antiviral medications;
• interferons and interferon stimulants;
• means, stimulating immunity.

Let's consider separately all these categories.

1. Homeopathy in ARVI in children. Most often, Viburkol suppositories, Ocilococcinum and Aflubin are prescribed from this category of medicines, EDAS-103 (903) or Gripp-Heel funds are slightly less common. Homeopathic specialists say that these homeopathic remedies stimulate the protective function of the child organism, and this is often true, although the pharmacodynamics of these drugs has not been studied. As a rule, homeopathic remedies have an effect already at the first methods of the preparation.
2. Specific antiviral agents. In pediatrics, antiviral drugs like Arbidol, Rimantadine, Ribavirin and Tamiflu are more often used (in some cases also Acyclovir, according to the indications). These drugs inhibit the entry of the virus into cellular structures, block the reproduction of the virus, but they have a different spectrum of activity and are not intended for all children's age groups.
3. Interferon drugs and their stimulants are probably the most popular group of antiviral drugs. For example, Viferon in ARVI in children suppresses the development of the virus and destroys it in 1-3 days. Interferons are able to rid the body of a viral infection, both during the incubation period, and from any period of the disease. In addition to injection of interferons, the most interesting are suppositories of Viferon, suppositories of Kipferon and nasal droplets of Grippferon. Perhaps, the only contraindication to the use of these remedies can be the allergic inclination of the body to the ingredients of medicines, in particular to the components of candles - cocoa butter or confectionery fat. By the way, medications that activate interferon production (Amiksin, Neovir, Cycloferon) are recommended use only for prevention, but not for the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections, because of the slow action of such drugs.
4. Immunostimulating drugs - Isoprenosin, Riboxin, Immunal, Imudon, Metuluracil, Bronchomunal, IRS-19, Ribomunil and others. One of the most popular listed medications, isoprinosine in ARVI in children is used more as a prophylaxis, however, like other immunostimulants. The reason is that the effectiveness of the action of immunostimulants is observed only after 14-20 days from the beginning of immunostimulating treatment. Also, these drugs can be used to restore the body after recovery.

As you know, antibiotics for ARVI in children with a classical course of the disease are not prescribed, since they have nothing to do with a viral infection. Antibiotic therapy is used only in case of complications, or if they are suspected: most often prescribe drugs-derivatives of ampicillin.

Nutrition for children with ARVI

Nutrition for ARVI in children is about the same as with a common cold. The main condition - the baby should be offered food only if there is an appetite. Do not feed the child by force.

You can not also give your child harmful products: chips, soda. It shows an abundant warm drink and easily digestible food, rich in vitamins, for example, vegetables, fruits, berry purees and jellies.

Young children are advised to offer apple compote without sugar, decoctions of dried fruits. In the absence of allergies to berries, you can prepare morsels or berry jelly, or simply give warm mineral water without gas.

As a drink for children from 3-4 years to make compotes, you can use apricots, cherry plum, pears (if there is no allergy). You can offer a weak green tea - it contains antioxidants, which help remove toxins from the body.

It is desirable to avoid broths and infusions from strawberries, currants - such berries are more allergens. Replace them with bananas, grapes or kiwi.

Diet for ARVI in children should contain easily digestible and healthy food:

• products for cooking dishes should preferably be mashed and mashed, the food should be light and soft;
• in the period of illness, try to avoid buying baby food, it is better to cook yourself from fresh porridge products, puree, mashed soups;
• at the stage of recovery it is important to enrich the diet with proteins, so use white meat, minced meat or boiled egg white as food additives;
• children from 3-4 years can be offered lean fish, such as pike perch, cod, etc .;
• do not forget about sour-milk products - they will support the balance of microflora in the intestines. Suitable fresh yogurt, natural yogurt, low-fat cottage cheese, acidophilic mixture. To such products, you can add a spoonful of honey (in the absence of allergies);
• As the child recovers, return to normal nutrition, but do it gradually so as not to burden the body.

Be reasonable in choosing food for your child in ARVI: food should be nutritious, vitaminized, varied, but you should not overeat and use harmful foods.

In addition to treatment

Antibiotics for ARVI Than to treat? Ibunorm baby Pakseladin

Prevention of ARVI in children

Prevention of acute respiratory infections in children is mainly aimed at increasing the resistance and strengthening the immunity of the child's body. What measures have a preventive focus:

• tempering (outdoor games, reception of air baths, cool showers, walking on grass without shoes, night rest in a cool room, swimming in pools and open water);
• stabilization of digestive processes (consumption of vegetables and fruits, adherence to diet and drinking, support of intestinal microflora);
• regulation of stool, normalization of nutrition;
• ensuring a full sleep (rest not on a filled stomach, ventilated air in the room, enough sleep).

Preventive measures should be carried out systematically, without forcing the child, and explaining to him the need for a procedure for maintaining health.

If necessary and a poor state of immunity, you sometimes have to resort to the use of drugs that stimulate immune defense.

Preparations for the prevention of acute respiratory infections in children

Immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory and adaptogenic ability has a special multivitamin complex Vetoron. It is prescribed internally from the age of 5 to 3-4 drops, and from 7 years - 5-7 drops per day, or in capsules from 6 years of age from 5 to 80 mg once a day.

It is recommended to take ascorbic acid, retinol and B vitamins in a dose according to age. The best proportion of the abovementioned vitamins is presented in the preparations "Undevit", "Complevit", "Hexavit". Dragee take from 2 to 3 times a day for a month. In the autumn-winter period it is useful to give the baby a rose hip syrup in an amount of 1 h. l. per day.

Recently, drugs-adaptogenes, which stimulate the body to resist infection, are very popular. We bring to your attention the schemes of taking the most popular drugs of this category:

• Immunal - intake inside 1 to 3 years - 5-10 cap., From 7 years - 10-15 cap. three times a day;
• Drops of Dr. Tays - inside with a one-year age of 10-20 cap. three times a day;
• Drops Hexal - inside by 6 drops from 12 years of age twice a day;
• Tincture of aralia - from 1 to 2 cap. / Year of life, once a day for half an hour before meals, for 14-20 days.

As an emergency preventive measures, it is possible to take medicines based on medicinal plants (camomile, sage, calendula, colanchoe, garlic or onion), or local immunocorrective agents (Immudone, IRS-19).

ARVI in children are prone to relapse, so you need to find your prescription for prevention, which will allow you to forget about the disease for many years.

ilive.com.ua

Often the child is sick - what should I do?

With the onset of autumn, almost every second mother can hear that her child is constantly ill. Despite modern medicines, parents' attention to children's health, the frequency of colds in children does not decrease. In the pediatrician's office, the complaint is growing: "A child is constantly ill, what should I do?"

This issue remains the most urgent for pediatrics. In general, it is normal for children to get sick. If your child carries up to five acute respiratory infections annually, then he is worried and there is no need to conduct additional studies. After all, this way the baby develops immunity. But if every year a child is killed by viruses and infections more than 5 times, parents should take action, since the incomplete diseases lead to complications in the form of intestinal dysbiosis, allergies, pneumonia, neurological disorders, rheumatism, etc.

Why often the child is sick?

Most often, parents, who are very often sick with a child, blame for this weak immunity. This is true, but only partly. The immune system in permanently ill children is really weakened. But in fact, the actions of the parents, dictated by the love of the native child, are leading to a decrease in the protective functions of the body.

Dry air and excessive room heating, short walks in the fresh air, coercion for food - all this affects the formation of the immune system. Often, parents dress a child so that it overheats, sweats and therefore falls ill for. Sometimes to reduce the protective forces of the child lead frequent treatment with antibacterial drugs.

Often parents complain that the child in the kindergarten is constantly ill. The fact is that when coming to a kindergarten, the child faces a completely unfamiliar atmosphere in which new viruses live. Painful, the child adapts to the new environment and, again, trains his immune system. In addition, the incidence increases due to stress, which the child experiences, getting acquainted with previously unknown conditions in the kindergarten.

Preventive measures for influenza and ARVI

Despite the huge number of drugs intended for the treatment of colds, prevention is the best measure to fight the flu and Orvi. To completely protect your child, you need to remember about such measures as:

• maintaining a healthy lifestyle,
• healthy diet: the food should be useful, the diet should consist of fruits and vegetables,
• preventive measures.

Frequently ill children: treatment

It is very important when your child gets sick, let his body try to cope on his own. With conventional acute respiratory viral infection, it will be enough to lower the temperature (paracetamol, panadol, nurofen) and, for example, drops for the nose, if there is a runny nose. If you immediately use antibacterial drugs, the proper formation of the immune system will not happen. After all, it is not uncommon for a child to have a sore throat and immediately get an antibiotic. Although such medications are required only with purulent infections and persistently non-passing colds. The child must bear the disease at home and at least 7 days, as improvement in well-being and lack of temperature does not indicate a definitive victory over ARVI.

After the child has recovered, it is necessary to begin its hardening. How to temper a sick child? First, you need to gradually accustom the baby's body to a temperature of + 18 ° + 20 ° C indoors. Just slowly lower the temperature of the water in which you bathe your favorite child. Participate in outdoor walks and increase their duration. Try to dress the baby so that it does not sweat when playing on the street.

In addition, reduce the number of diseases will help vaccinate for often ill children. They can be made in a polyclinic - district or private. Very popular are such vaccinations, as AKT-HIB, Hiberici. If a child often suffers from bronchitis, vaccination (eg, Pnevmo-23 vaccine) will help reduce the number of relapses.

In addition, during the seasonal diseases, and after a cold, will be the intake of vitamins for often ill children, for example, Multitabs Baby, Alphabet "Our Baby" and "Kindergarten", Polivit Baby, Sana-Sol, Pikovit, Biovital gel.

And finally: avoid contacting the child with other people who can infect his ARVI or the FLU.

WomanAdvice.ru

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