From this article you will learn about the use of dicycin in uterine bleeding. This drug and its analogs are universal for stopping many types of bleeding, in this article we will talk about its use in obstetrics and gynecology.
Contents of the article:
- Mechanism of action of the preparation
- Indications for use
- Contraindications
- Side effects of
Dicycin is the trade name of the drug produced by the Slovenian pharmaceutical company LEK in the form of tablets and a solution for intravenous administration. The active substance of the drug is etamzilate - a remedy from a group of hemostatic or hemostatic agents. This is its main effect, therefore it is used to stop blood currents of various origins and localizations, in obstetrics and gynecology it is mainly used in uterine bleeding of various causes.
Uterus and bleeding from it 
Dicycin and its analogues are quite effective means for stopping obstetric and gynecological bleeding in the outpatient stage. The concept of effectiveness is relatively arbitrary and depends on the origin of the bleeding, its intensity and comparison with other agents. Of course, in some cases, etamzilate preparations are more effective than plant remedies for uterine blood flows, for example, nettle broth or water pepper extract. However, with massive postpartum uterine blood loss, the drug is not used because it is occupied by highly effective haemostatic drugs from the reserve group - for example, fresh-frozen plasma preparations or artificial components of the Oktaplexa blood coagulation system. The features of the drug and its effectiveness will be discussed in the section "Indications."
For uterine bleeding the drug is prescribed by a doctor as an obstetrician / gynecologist after a mandatory examination of the patient and ascertaining the causes of the condition. Dicycin and its analogs are over-the-counter and in principle can be used by patients themselves, so to speak, "on the way to the doctor".It is important to understand that if the uterine bleeding does not stop within 3 days, intensifies against the background of treatment or is so intense that it leads to disruption of the general condition, a doctor's consultation is necessary immediately!
Mechanism of action of the preparation
Etamsylate, an active ingredient of Dicinone, is a hemostatic agent, namely, an activator of thromboplastin formation. What does this mean?
Thromboplastin is one of the many coagulation factors - factor III.This protein is contained in the membranes of many cells of the human body and is released when they are damaged. Relatively speaking, with damage to vascular cells and the onset of bleeding, thromboplastin is released into the bloodstream and interacts with other blood coagulation factors dissolved in the plasma. This interaction triggers a complex cascade of blood clotting reactions, resulting in the formation of a clot, clogging the vessel and stopping blood loss.
Etimesilate preparations promote fast and more effective release of thromboplastin and initiation of blood clotting reactions. A very important point is that this group of hemostatic agents does not affect the overall blood coagulation system in any way - that is, it works only where there is damage to the vessels. The drug works in the "heart of the problem", without tampering with the body as a whole. This is extremely important for patients who are prone to thrombosis and thrombosis.
Indications for use
Since it is a question of the use of Dicinone in uterine blood loss, it should immediately be stipulated that gynecological and especially obstetric hemorrhages are of completely different origin and intensity. Not every uterine bleeding can be stopped using Dicinon.
The most important moment in the use of etamzilate is that it is shown and effective only with capillary bleeding! Capillary is considered to be a bleeding with damage to small vessels, therefore, with arterial bleeding, the drug is completely ineffective.
Three types of bleeding. Click on the image to enlarge In obstetrics and gynecology, it is effective for minor blood flows from small vessels of the uterine mucosa.
Dicycin can be effective in the following cases:
- Abundant menstruation - the so-called menometrorrhagia. Abundant menstrual bleeding is the main point of application of etamzilate preparations. It is important to understand that there are cases of menstrual bleeding when etamzilate is ineffective or weakly effective. These options include menstruation against the background of hyperplastic processes of the endometrium, submucous myomas, menstrual bleeding against a background of improper intake or unauthorized abolition of hormonal contraceptives.
- Intermenstrual bleeding - for example, ovulatory bleeding.
- Uterine bleeding against intrauterine contraceptive( IUD).It is important to understand that uterine bleeding when using IUD is not a normal phenomenon and is permissible only in the first 2-3 months of wearing the system. Otherwise, it is necessary to turn to the gynecologist for monitoring the position of the intrauterine system and remove it in case of a position violation.
- Uterine bleeding after abortion by natural( miscarriage) or artificially( vacuum aspiration, abortion, medical abortion).This is a "slippery" indication, since it is very important to make sure that there is no objective reason for this condition in the uterus cavity - the remains of the fetal egg. In this case, Dicycin will be ineffective and even dangerous, as the expectation of the effect stretches the time of blood loss and increases the risk of purulent complications - endometritis.
- Similar to the previous paragraph, it is possible to recommend with caution the etamzilate in postpartum haemorrhages. It's not at all about massive and life-threatening obstetric hemorrhages against the background of the increment of the afterbirth, the remnants of the placental tissue or atony of the uterus. In the case of unprofitable postpartum uterine bleeding, Dicinone is used in the subinvolution of the uterus concomitantly with the reducing agents such as Oxytocin.
- Etamsylate is successfully used for bleeding from the cervix after operations on the cervix uteri or its destruction - "cauterization" by various chemical or physical methods.
- There is a point of application of Dicinone in pregnant women. This group of medicines is used for minor and continuing detachments of the fetal egg in the early stages of pregnancy. In these cases, it is very important to quickly stop blood loss, because if the damaged vessels of the uterus continue to bleed, then the detachment of the fetal egg or chorion progresses. This means that the blood, continuing to flow from the bare blood vessels, further exfoliates the fetal tissue from the wall of the uterus.
It is important to understand that the action of Dicycin and its analogues is purely symptomatic - it stops bleeding, but does not affect its root cause. This is why it is absolutely unacceptable to use the drug for months to stop uterine bleeding without understanding their cause. It is necessary to consult a doctor-gynecologist, undergo an examination and ultrasound of the pelvic organs, take blood tests and blood for coagulation to find out the objective cause of such a condition and treat it already sightingly - medically, surgically or in combination.
Ultrasound of the abdomen in pregnant Contraindications
First, we list the prohibitions on the use of the drug, based on the official instruction:
- Intolerance of the components of the drug or an allergic reaction to it.
- Some chronic diseases of the blood - hemoblastosis, leukemia, porphyria.
- Already existing thrombosis or thromboembolism.
With great care, the drug is recommended for pregnant women, nursing mothers and people who have had thrombosis of unknown origin in the past.
Side effects of
Unpleasant side effects of Dicinone are quite general:
- headache, dizziness;
- nausea, vomiting, heartburn;
- a violation of the sensitivity of the skin of the limbs;
- lowering of blood pressure;
- redness of face;
- allergic reactions.
In addition, I would like to note that any independent application of the tool is very doubtful. The opinion of most doctors is this: you can not use any medication yourself, even if it is relatively safe and over-the-counter, if the patient has not had such experience in the past. Simply put, if the doctor has already recommended Dicinon, it is permissible to apply it alone in a similar situation, but only "on the way to the doctor".
