Amoxicillin tablets: instructions for use

Amoxicillin is a drug from the group of semisynthetic antibiotics of penicillins.

It is intended for effective control of many known infectious-inflammatory diseases. This drug has a broad spectrum of action and contributes to the death of most pathogenic microorganisms. Instructions for use Amoxicillin indicates that the drug is active against aerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The medicine blocks the division of the bacterial cell and hinders the vital activity and reproduction of the pathogenic microorganism.

On this page you will find all information about Amoxicillin: the full instructions for use on this medication, average prices in pharmacies, complete and incomplete analogs of the drug, as well as reviews of people who have already used Amoxicillin. Want to leave your opinion? Please write in the comments.

Clinical and pharmacological group

Antibiotic of a group of semisynthetic penicillins of a wide spectrum of action.

Conditions of leave from pharmacies

It is released on prescription.

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Price list

How much does Amoxicillin cost? The cost of tablets is low. Tablets of 250 mg will cost 35-50 rubles (20 pcs.). Capsules are slightly more expensive - about 100 rubles. Granules have about the same cost as the capsules. The price depends on the manufacturer. The cheapest tablets produced by JSC Avva Rus.

Form of issue and composition

Produced in different forms: tablets, capsules with powder inside. There are also granules used to prepare the suspension. The main active substance is amoxicillin in the form of trihydrate. Excipients: polyvidone, magnesium stearate, talc, sodium carboxymethyl starch, titanium dioxide and hypromellose.

The drug is produced by several companies:

Biochemist,
Hemofarm (Serbia),
Natur Produkt Europe B.V. (Netherlands),
AVVA-RUS,
Barnaul Plant of Medical Preparations,
Dalhimpharm,
Organic,
STI-MED-SORB (Russia).

Semisynthetic drug from the penicillin group has a cardboard package. Tablets are oval or oblong with notches on both sides. Capsules are 250 and 500 mg each. In one package 16 pieces. The granules are immediately in the vial. The introduction of antibiotics by injection is not provided.

Pharmacological effect

Semisynthetic drug from the penicillin group. The mechanism of action of this drug is based on its ability to specifically inhibit peptoglycans (enzymes of bacterial cell membranes), which leads to death and dissolution of the cell.

Amoxicillin is active against:

Gram-positive aerobic bacteria - Staphylococcus spp. (with the exception of strains producing penicillinase), Streptococcus spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Corynebacterium spp. (except Corynebacterium jeikeium), Bacillus anthracis.

Gram-negative aerobic bacteria - Escherichia coli, Helicobacter pylori, Borrelia sp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Campylobacter, Haemophilus spp., Proteus mirabilis, Leptospira spp., Neisseria spp.

Others include Chlamydia spp., Clostridium spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Bacteroides melaninogenicus, Fusobacterium spp.

Studies of Amoxicillin

The last study of this drug showed that the drug remains highly active against various pathogens of respiratory tract infections. That's why Amoxicillin is especially effective in treating bronchitis, pneumonia and colds.

In 2005, experiments were conducted in which the results of treatment with this antibiotic and other drugs were compared. The authors of the studies found that the drug is not inferior in efficiency to ketolides, fluoroquinolones, macrolides. The scientists studied in detail the feasibility of the drug and found that in a number of penicillins Amoxicillin especially Suitable for the treatment of acute inflammation of the nasal sinuses, otitis, angina, pharyngitis, Helicobacter pylori infection. Amoxicillin retains its effects at a high level and gives excellent results in the treatment of diseases.

Today the drug Amoxicillin is recommended by doctors for the rapid treatment of adults and children. On special indications, it can be used to treat pregnant women and children under 1 year. This drug has a low toxicity and is well tolerated by the body.

Indications for use

Used for the therapy of bacterial infections that have occurred under the influence of sensitive microflora and developing in:

organs of the respiratory system (pharyngitis, tonsillitis, etc.);
ENT apparatus (otitis, bronchitis, pneumonia);
genitourinary organs (cystitis, gonorrhea, etc.);
stomach and intestines (peritonitis, cholecystitis);
skin layer and soft tissues (erysipelas, sepsis, dysentery).

Contraindications

The drug can not be used in the following clinical conditions:

hypersensitivity;
diathesis of an allergic nature;
asthmatic bronchial phenomena;
impaired liver function;
ailments of the stomach and intestines at the stage of anamnesis (for example, colitis caused by taking antibiotics);
mononucleosis of infectious origin;
Pollinosis at any stage of development;
lactation period;
childhood;
old age.

In addition, it is necessary to use amoxicillin carefully when:

renal weakness;
pregnancy;
bleeding in the anamnesis.

Application in pregnancy and lactation

Amoxicillin penetrates through the placental barrier, in small quantities excreted in breast milk.

If you need to use amoxicillin during pregnancy, you should carefully weigh the expected benefit of therapy for the mother and the potential risk to the fetus.

With caution apply amoxicillin during lactation (breastfeeding)

Instructions for use Amoxicillin

The instructions for use indicate that the dosage regimen of Amoxicillin is administered individually.

For oral administration, a single dose for adults and children older than 10 years (with a body weight of more than 40 kg) is 250-500 mg, with a severe course of the disease - up to 1 g.
For children aged 5-10 years, a single dose is 250 mg; at the age from 2 to 5 years - 125 mg; for children under 2 years of age, the daily dose is 20 mg / kg.
For adults and children, the interval between meals is 8 hours.

In the treatment of acute uncomplicated gonorrhea - 3 g once (in combination with probenecid). In patients with impaired renal function with KK 10-40 ml / min, the interval between doses should be increased to 12 h; with QC less than 10 ml / min, the interval between doses should be 24 hours.

Side effects

With Amoxicillin, the following adverse reactions are possible:

Allergic reactions: erythema, urticaria, skin hyperemia, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, angioedema; rarely - pain in joints, fever, exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome; very rarely - anaphylactic shock;
Laboratory indicators: anemia, neutropenia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura;
From the gastrointestinal tract: nausea and vomiting, taste change, dysbacteriosis, stomatitis, glossitis, diarrhea, pseudomembranous enterocolitis, impaired liver function;
From the side of the nervous system: ataxia, depression, confusion, anxiety, agitation, insomnia, behavior change, dizziness, headache, peripheral neuropathy, convulsions;
Other adverse reactions: tachycardia, shortness of breath, vaginal candidiasis, interstitial nephritis, superinfection (especially in people with lowered resistance or chronic diseases).

Symptoms of an overdose of Amoxicillin are nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, leading to a disturbance of the water-electrolyte balance. Treatment consists in washing the stomach, prescribing salt laxatives and activated carbon, and correcting the water-electrolyte balance.

Overdose

As a rule, with an overdose there is no pronounced toxic effect, even if a large dose of the drug has been taken. If a large dose of Amoxicillin was taken, the patient exhibits symptoms of a gastrointestinal disorder, a violation of the water-electrolyte balance. In people who suffer from kidney failure, an overdose may show signs of nephrotoxicity and crystalluria.

Symptomatic treatment is performed, for which the drug prescribed by the doctor is used, it is also necessary to takeActivated carbon.Can be appliedhemodialysis. There is no specific antidote.

special instructions

Amoxicillin with extreme caution should be used with a tendency to allergic reactions. Persons under the age of 18 and patients suffering from hepatic pathologies are advised not to use the drug in combination with Metronidazole.

If the renal function is impaired, the dose of the drug should be reduced, and the intervals between doses are increased. In the process of treatment, it is necessary to constantly monitor the functioning of the liver, kidneys and hematopoiesis. To reduce the risk of complications from the digestive tract (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, flatulence) Amoxicillin is recommended when taking food. Data on the negative effects of drugs on the ability to drive vehicles is not available.

Drug Interactions

During the use of antibacterial agents, Amoxicillin should carefully consider the simultaneous use of other medications. According to the instructions, interaction with drugs can give a variety of results. The following effects are observed:

reduces the effect of estrogen-containing oral contraceptives;
increases the toxicity of methotrexate;
Amoxicillin increases digoxin absorption;
increases the effect of indirect anticoagulants;
decreases prothrombin index;
reduces the synthesis of vitamin K.

It should be taken into account - Amoxicillin has a bactericidal effect on the multiplying microorganisms, so do not use it in conjunction with bacteriostatic antimicrobial drugs - sulfonamides, tetracyclines. With simultaneous application:

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increase the concentration of antibiotic.
Glucosamine, laxatives, slow the absorption of Amoxicillin, and ascorbic acid increases;
Rifampicin muffles antibacterial properties;
Allopurinol increases the risk of skin rashes.

Reviews

Almost all the reviews on the Internet about the antibiotic amoxicillin are positive. Patients note the rapid effect of taking the drug, ease of use (the reception does not depend on the time of eating), full recovery from existing diseases at the end of the course of treatment.

A small percentage of negative reviews in which patients complain that the drug "did not help" is due to the fact that amoxicillin, although it is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, is not omnipotent, and not all bacteria are sensitive to its action. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct an examination of the patient before prescribing this antibiotic: isolate the pathogen and check its sensitivity to the drug. But these studies require a fairly long time, and are usually conducted in a stationary environment. In practice, however, the doctor, seeking to alleviate the condition of the patient, prescribes treatment without examination, in part "at random", and sometimes mistakes. The sick, however, consider the absence of the effect of treatment as a lack of a drug - this opinion is incorrect.

Analogues

When the drug Amoxicillin has contraindications for use, the doctor can choose a different drug for the patient to fight infections. Replacement is required and if side effects occur, when treatment stops, new medications are prescribed.

The instruction informs that there are analogues of Amoxicillin according to the active substance: