Allergic bronchitis in children symptoms

Allergic bronchitis

Inflammation of the bronchial mucosa - bronchitis - can be caused by a wide range of causes. If the bronchi inflame from exposure to their mucosa of various allergens, a response occurs: the nerve endings of the bronchi are irritated, the blood vessels expand, and the muscles contract. And in the end we get a cough, which is calledallergic bronchitis(as well as asthmatic or atopic bronchitis). It is a protracted disease with frequent relapses.

By the way, despite all the achievements, to date cure a person from allergies, which is a kind of (according to allergists, inadequate) the response of the immune system to an external stimulus, medicine is not in condition. So far, it can only detect this irritant, and also facilitate the course of the disease.

So without an allergist here can not do, because only he can conduct an immunological study and determine which particular stimulus was the cause of the disease.

Causes of allergic bronchitis

The allergy is so many that in some it manifests itself in the form of sneezing and a cold (seasonal allergic rhinitis) during the flowering of plants, others have slept eyes, for example, from washing powder (allergic conjunctivitis). Skin rash (urticaria and atopic dermatitis) can occur when you use a product or after using a cosmetic. There are also a lot of people who, without any cold or other obvious cause, get coughing attacks.

That is, the main cause of allergic bronchitis - allergens, which with inhaled air enter the human body and settle on the bronchial mucosa. In the list of "inveterate" allergens, plants (their pollen) and wool (primarily pets), and bird feathers, detergents, and even ordinary dust in a city apartment also appear. Specialists say that to provoke an allergic bronchitis is capable of a separate product, a medicine or an allergen of bacterial etiology.

In any case, allergic bronchitis in adults is not the result of a cold, but an allergic reaction. However, physicians refer to this disease as one of the variants of the chronic form of bronchial inflammation, since the main symptoms of these diseases are absolutely identical.

If timely resort to the help of doctors, it is possible to avoid the progression of allergic bronchitis, which in the absence of adequate treatment will inevitably go to allergic obstructive bronchitis or bronchial asthma.

Symptoms of allergic bronchitis

The most indicative sign of allergic bronchitis is attacks of persistent coughing, most of the nighttime person is pestering. The temperature of the body does not rise, but if it rises, it is insignificant. But the general condition is painful, and can worsen with the next contact with the allergen.

At the very beginning of the disease, cough is dry, over time it becomes wet, breathing becomes difficult, dyspnea appears. When listening to the bronchi, doctors clearly hear wheezing - dry, wet or wheezing. But if they are audible during bronchial asthma during exhalation, then allergic bronchitis gives such a picture on inspiration. In addition, the inflammatory process of allergic origin (swelling of bronchial mucosa and narrowing of their mouths) occurs only in large and medium bronchi, therefore, asthma attacks are not it happens.

However, against the background of the main symptoms of allergic bronchitis, there may sometimes be signs of a vasomotor rhinosinusopathy - discharge from the nose due to changes in the mucous membrane of the paranasal sinuses caused by allergens. Also possible inflammation of the trachea (tracheitis) or inflammation of the mucous membranes of the larynx (laryngitis).

The condition worsens when allergic bronchitis worsens: patients feel a general weakness, at normal temperature begins to throw in sweat. In the lumen of the bronchi, slime accumulates, so when mucous sputum appears, coughing occurs. The laboratory analysis of blood shows the presence of characteristic for allergic diseases of eosinophilia, that is, an increase in the number of granulocyte leukocytes in the blood. And when examining with an X-ray reveals a higher transparency of the lung tissue and some changes in the blood vessels of the bronchi.

Allergic bronchitis in children occurs at any age - even in infants - and manifests itself in much the same way as in adults: attacks of continuous cough at night with normal or subfebrile temperature, repeated several times in month. Often with such a disease the child becomes capricious, sluggish, often sweats. Acute allergic bronchitis in children can last for two to three weeks.

Physicians categorically state: in order to avoid asthma in the future, parents of children who are sick allergic bronchitis, you need to treat this disease very seriously and necessarily treat it. And we should start with identifying the allergen that caused the disease.

Allergic obstructive bronchitis

Progressive diffuse (diffuse) inflammation of the bronchi caused by prolonged negative effects of the allergen is an allergic obstructive bronchitis. With this disease, the bronchial narrowing (obstruction) occurs, as a result of which breathing and the yield of mucus accumulating in the bronchi are hampered. The main sign of such bronchitis is bronchial spasms, which give breath and rales.

The development of acute allergic obstructive bronchitis in adults at the initial stages may have the form of catarrh of the upper respiratory tract. However, the sore throat dry cough does not pass from pills and potions, coughing attacks intensify at night, It becomes more difficult to breathe, and breathing itself is accompanied by a characteristic whistle during the shortened exhalation. The temperature is low (within +3, ° С), there are headaches. If the disease passes into a chronic form, it is fraught with the irreversible nature of its course with frequent relapses. In addition, against the background of shortness of breath, heart failure develops.

Allergic obstructive bronchitis in children is most often diagnosed at an early age - up to five years, when the anatomical structure of the bronchial tree is not developed enough, and the body can give an allergic reaction to anything - from foods stuffed with preservatives, to a mold walls. At night, the child is coughing with violent coughs, but can not clear his throat (there is practically no sputum). But if any expectorant is used, the cough is accompanied by the separation of a large amount of thick sputum. There may be complaints of fatigue, headache and chest pain during and after coughing.

Treatment of allergic bronchitis: the main medications

Treatment of allergic bronchitis must necessarily include the definition of disease-provoking allergen and maximum limitation of contact with it.

Medicamental therapeutic agents should, on the one hand, reduce the intensity of the allergic reaction, and these are antihistamines. On the other hand, it is necessary to reduce cough and to facilitate breathing, for which expectorants and bronchodilators are prescribed.

Reduce the manifestation of allergies such drugs as suprastin, diazolin and tavegil. The most known and frequently used drug of suprastin (tablets and 2% solution for injections) is prescribed adults and children over 14 years of age, one tablet (25 mg) 3 times a day, and intramuscular injection - 1-2 ml. Children under 14 years are prescribed by, tablets (in grated form) three times a day. The daily dose should not exceed 100 mg. Side effects of suprastin are expressed in weakness, lethargy and dizziness. Among the contraindications - a stomach ulcer, glaucoma, prostate adenoma, an attack of bronchial asthma. During pregnancy and lactation, it is strictly contraindicated to take suprastin.

Antihistamine drug tavegil is available in the form of a solution for injection, syrup and tablets, its effect after intake reaches a maximum after 7 hours and persists for 10-12 hours. It is not prescribed for children under one year, pregnant and lactating women, with lower respiratory diseases pathways, prostate, thyrotoxicosis, heart failure and high arterial pressure.

The drug is taken 1 mg twice a day (before meals). The dose of tavegil syrup for children from one year to 6 years is one teaspoon. Side effects of Tavegil: increased fatigue and drowsiness, headache and dizziness, disorders coordination of movements, cramps, tinnitus, and dry mouth, decreased appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation.

For the treatment of allergic bronchitis, doctors must prescribe expectorants - pertussin, broncholitin (on the dining room spoon 4 times a day), bromhexine (on a tablet 3 times a day), mucaltin (2 tablets three times a day), chest cough and other Also widely used bronchodilators, which relax the smooth muscles of the bronchi and promote their expansion. This is neo-theoferdin, atrovent, ketotifen (zaditen), kromolin-sodium (intal), kromoglin (cromosol), cromogexal (lecroline).

For example, neo-theoferdin affects bronchial muscles, reduces the increased vascular permeability and swelling of bronchial mucosa. In addition, this bronchodilator has an analgesic and antipyretic effect. It is taken in the morning or in the afternoon: adults - half or a whole tablet twice a day, children 2-5 years - a quarterly tablet, children 6-12 years - half a tablet once a day. Contraindications of neo-theophedrine: thyroid disease, violation of the coronary circulation, epilepsy, convulsions, glaucoma. And side effects can be in the form of heartburn, nausea, vomiting, headache, sleep disturbance, and heart rhythm.

Among the bronchodilators in aerosol form, which reduce the frequency of coughing attacks with allergic bronchitis and bronchial asthma, such agents as salbutamol, terbutaline, fenoterol and hexaprenaline.

The drug volmaks (as well as its synonyms: aloprol, albuterol, asmadil, bronhovaleas, ventolin, salamol, salbutol, ekovent) contributes to the elimination of bronchoconstriction and restores their patency. Adults appoint him to 8 mg 2 times a day (with a glass of water), and children from 3 to 12 years - 4 mg. The drug has side effects: tremor of hands, headaches, tachycardia, peripheral dilatation of the lumen of blood vessels. And among its contraindications: the first half of pregnancy, hypersensitivity to the drug, thyrotoxicosis.

If the therapeutic effect of the above medicines is not effective enough, the attending physician may appoint a course of glucocorticoids: beclomethasone dipropionate (becotide), flunisolide (ingacorta), budesonide or fluticasone. So, the aerosol for inhalation of fluticasone (aka avami, kutiveyt, nazarel, fliksotid and fliksonase) acts as an anti-inflammatory and antiallergic agent. It is not prescribed for children under four years of age, and the local adverse reaction of the body to inhalation can manifest itself in the form of hoarseness of voice and development of candidiasis of the oral cavity and pharynx. It should also be borne in mind that it is impossible to take glucocorticoids for a long time, since they are capable of activating the inflammatory process

Treatment of allergic bronchitis includes such a modern method as specific immunotherapy (SIT), or allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT), or a specific desensitization - which in fact is one and the same same. With its help, allergists can affect the undesirable reaction of immunity to an external stimulus (of course, if they determine it). SIT is aimed at the immunological nature of allergic bronchitis, that is, it eliminates not the symptoms of the disease, but its cause - by reducing the sensitivity of the organism to the allergen.

Treatment of allergic bronchitis with folk remedies

Folk remedies for the treatment of allergic bronchitis are essentially directed at the main symptom of the disease - cough. To extract phlegm from the bronchi, prepare the infusion from the root of licorice (2 tablespoons), the same number of flowers of marigold and dill seeds (1 tablespoon). A mixture of medicinal plants is poured with a liter of boiling water, cook for 15 minutes, and then insist. Take before meals by half a cup three times a day for two weeks. Similarly, a medicinal decoction from the roots of licorice, leaves of mother-and-stepmother and plantain is prepared and applied.

When bronchitis with strong wheezing and shortness of breath, it is useful to drink a decoction of berries of the viburnum with honey (per liter of water a glass of berries of viburnum and 3 table spoons of honey) or infusion of such a composition: 2 tablespoons of althea root, chamomile and herb sweet potato (or violet tricolor). On a glass of boiling water you need to take 2 tablespoons of this mixture, insist on a water bath for 20-30 minutes. Take 1 tablespoon several times a day.

With a dry cough, sputum extract from a thyme (a small pinch of grass to a glass of boiling water) helps to separate the sputum, which is drunk 50 ml three times a day. As an expectorant is also indispensable and herb oregano (a tablespoon 3 times a day), but pregnant women oregano is contraindicated.

In the treatment of allergic bronchitis folk remedies use honey and aloe. It is necessary to take a glass of liquid honey, well-crushed leaves of aloe and quality Cahors. All mixed, heated (preferably in a water bath) and put for a week in a cool place (not in the refrigerator) - insist. Drink three times a day on a tablespoon - for half an hour before a meal.

Prevention of allergic bronchitis

In both adults and children, the prevention of allergic bronchitis is the elimination of irritants and the treatment of respiratory pathologies. To exclude contact with allergens, you must:

• at least twice a week to conduct a wet cleaning in a residential building and change the bed linen of the patient weekly;
• from the room where a member of the family, suffering from allergic bronchitis, to remove carpets, upholstered furniture and all plants, and from the children's room - soft toys;
• To exclude access to a dwelling premise of the patient (or absolutely to refuse the maintenance in the house) dogs, cat, hamster or parrot, and also get rid of other "our smaller brothers such as cockroaches;
• Allergy-causing foods are completely excluded from the patient's menu.

The most important method of preventionallergic bronchitisand the threat of its transformation into bronchial asthma in children - the normal sanitary and hygienic conditions of their life, as well as the timely detection and correct diagnosis of this disease.

ilive.com.ua

Allergic bronchitis

Allergic bronchitis is most common in young children. This disease must be recognized as early as possible, because otherwise it can go to bronchial asthma. Therefore, people who have such a diagnosis should be observed by a specialist.

What causes the disease?

Allergic bronchitis differs from other forms of this pathology, primarily, by the causes that provoke its development. If the usual inflammation of the bronchi causes bacteria or viruses, then the cause of this disease are allergens. Symptoms of allergic bronchitis may appear after exposure to allergens, for example, with hair or saliva of animals, pollen, some food products, household chemicals, medicines and vaccines.

It should be noted that allergic bronchitis is one of the varieties of chronic bronchitis. Consequently, the main signs of these two diseases are the same - it is shortness of breath and cough.

Also chronic bronchitis includes dust. This occupational pathology occurs in adults, it develops as a result of prolonged (during 10-15 years) contact with dust. The emergence of the disease can contribute to contaminated with harmful to health gases working rooms, bad climatic conditions, persistent hypothermia or overheating, lung or upper respiratory tract diseases, and also smoking. Experts note that dust bronchitis is almost always obstructive, because it is accompanied by changes in the bronchial tree, which lead to the development of obstruction already at the very beginning of the disease.

What are the symptoms of the disease?

Only the doctor can diagnose the diagnosis by conducting a differential diagnosis of allergic bronchitis with bronchitis having a different etiology. Symptoms of the disease appear immediately after contact with the allergen. Allergic bronchitis is accompanied by a paroxysmal and dry cough that intensifies at night. During an exacerbation, the patient may have signs of rhinitis, as well as laryngitis, diathesis, tracheitis, etc. With auscultation, the doctor can hear dry or wet rales. Body temperature, unlike other forms of bronchitis, may increase slightly or even remain normal.

Dyspnea with allergic bronchitis is not expressed too much, so the general condition of the patient can be satisfactory or moderate severity. In general, with allergic bronchitis, the symptoms of the disease are rather mild, and they can be completely eliminated by simply eliminating contact with the allergen. The disease lasts for a long time, with alternating periods of remission and exacerbation.

Dust obstructive bronchitis, which occurs mainly in adults, develops very slowly. At first the patient begins to cough, and cough is observed with dry, with difficultly separated sputum. For these symptoms a person can for a long time not pay any attention. Many patients go to doctors only when their temperature rises and they appear attacks of severe cough, which indicate that in the bronchopulmonary apparatus develops inflammatory process.

Allergic bronchitis in children is accompanied by frequent attacks of persistent and persistent cough, which usually occur at night. Body temperature can remain normal, and can rise to subfebrile values. The sick child becomes sluggish, capricious and irritable.

Determine what exactly the child has an allergy, can only a qualified doctor after carrying out special tests. After the allergen has been eliminated, the symptoms of the disease will disappear. On how to treat children with bronchitis and other diseases that cause cough, Dr. Komarovsky wrote a whole book that will be interesting to caring parents.

How to treat allergic bronchitis?

In order to cure a person suffering from allergic bronchitis, it is necessary to identify the allergen and to exclude contact with it. After that, the symptoms of the disease can completely disappear, and the patient will be able to return to normal life.

If the food allergy, then the patient is prescribed a hypoallergenic diet. In adults, such a diet should last for 2-3 weeks, and for children - 7-10 days. In this case, the products excluded from the diet are those that most often cause allergic reactions (for example, peanuts, chocolate and coffee), replacing them with hypoallergenic (for example, beef, buckwheat porridge and tea).

During the first 5-7 days of the disease, treatment is carried out with antihistamines (suprastin, tavegil, ketotifen). It is prescribed to the patient and polyphepan or activated charcoal, since these drugs are able to bind allergens that are in the human body and remove them through the gastrointestinal tract.

In order to cure the patient, alkaline inhalations are used, as well as inhalations with various expectorants. For example, Lazolvan is often used, the main component, which is ambroxol, which has an expectorant and mucolytic effect. Improving the condition of the sick will also help hardening, physical exercises and physiotherapy.

Often a component of therapy for allergic bronchitis is treated with a variety of folk remedies. But not all patients know that any folk recipes can be used only after consulting a doctor, because herbs, rhizomes and other parts of plants can provoke an allergy and cause an exacerbation disease.

When treated with folk remedies, infusion of yarrow, ledum and guelder rose is often done. For its preparation, a teaspoon of dry raw material is poured into a glass of boiling water, then insisted and filtered. Ready infusion take three times a day for 2 tablespoons.

Treatment of allergic bronchitis should not be postponed, in fact with time it can develop into bronchial asthma. And self-treatment should not be engaged, it is necessary to consult a doctor, because only he knows how to identify the cause of the disease, how to eliminate it and how to treat.

ingalin.ru

Allergic bronchitis - causes, symptoms, treatment

Bronchi can become inflamed due to various reasons, one of which is an allergic reaction, in which there may be irritation in the nerves of the bronchi, an expansion of the blood vessels is observed, a reduction muscles. Because of this, a strong cough appears, which is a symptom of allergic bronchitis.

Completely cure this disease is impossible, now allergists are specially immunological treatment, when gradually accustomed to the body to an allergen, in this situation it is necessary to learn about irritants in order to prevent contact with it and relieve allergic bronchitis.

Causes of allergic bronchitis

Allergic reaction can be seasonal on the flowering of different plants, household chemicals, dust. Symptoms can be different from atopic dermatitis to hives. Often in children, allergic bronchitis can be provoked by food products, cosmetology, because of this there are bouts of coughing.

The main cause of bronchitis is the allergen, when a person inhales it, it settles on the bronchi. Most often on feathers of birds, pollen, some animals, different types of dust. Allergic bronchitis can be triggered by medication, bacteria.

The disease can be a consequence of permanent viral bronchitis, which already have a chronic character. It is necessary to consult a doctor in time, so you can prevent further complications, bronchial asthma, an allergic form of obstructive bronchitis may appear.

Symptoms of allergic bronchitis

Constantly worried about a strong, stubborn cough, which worsens at night. At the same time, the body temperature does not increase, rarely 3, degrees. A person weakens, feels bad, his health worsens, especially when a person comes into contact with allergens.

First there is a strong cough, it is dry, after it can gradually be moistened, it becomes difficult for a person to breathe, dyspnea may appear. The doctor can hear wheezing, they can be different from someone with phlegm, others with whistling and dry.

Allergic bronchitis can be easily distinguished from bronchial asthma. With her rales can be heard on exhalation. With allergic bronchitis the bronchi may swell, they narrow considerably, because of this a person suffocating, which resembles bronchial asthma.

In some situations, in addition to coughing, rhinitis may occur, a large amount of mucus is released from the nose, due to the fact that the allergen affects the paranasal sinuses, then the mucosa changes. In the future, the inflammatory process in the trachea, larynx can begin.

If the disease begins to aggravate, the patient's condition may worsen significantly, the patient Weakened, despite the fact that the patient has a normal body temperature, a person can begin to torment severe chills. In the bronchi can accumulate a large amount of mucus, so a lot of sputum is released. With the help of a blood test you can learn about allergic bronchitis, the level of leukocytes, eosinophils rises.

On x-rays with allergic bronchitis it is seen that the lung tissue is transparent, the blood vessels change significantly. The disease occurs at different ages in both children and adults. Most often, a persistent cough worries at night, while the body temperature is normal, the child is greatly weakened, he has lethargy, he can sweat much.

The acute form of allergic bronchitis can be observed up to one month, it is necessary to start treating the disease in time, so that it does not develop into bronchial asthma.

Treatment of allergic bronchitis

With the help of medications, you can get rid of the symptoms that are typical for allergies, most often use antihistamines. To make it easier for a person to breathe, it is necessary to use bronchodilators, expectorants.

You can remove symptoms with Diazolin, Suprastin, Tavegil. In the treatment can prescribe expectorant drugs, effective treatment Broncholithine, Pertussin, Mukaltin, Bromheksinom, well helps chest cough. Most often they can use bronchodilators, with the help of them you can relax the bronchial muscles, they expand the bronchi. Treated Intalom, Lecrolin, Cromosol, Zaditenom.

Also use bronchodilators in the form of an aerosol, with the help of them you can relieve the symptoms of cough, cure allergic bronchitis, asthma. Recommended treatment Fenoterol, Salbutamol, Hexaprenaline.

In severe situations, glucocorticoids are used, effective treatment with beclomethasone, flunisolide. Please note that for a long time you can not use medicines, because of them, the inflammation can worsen even more.

In modern medicine, immunotherapy is used, with the help of which it can adapt the body to different allergens.

Folk treatment of allergic bronchitis

To remove excess sputum, you need to use licorice root, not more than two tablespoons, and also effectively add dill, calendula. All you need to pour boiling water, boil 20 minutes, insist. You can add leaves of plantain, mother-and-stepmother.

Allergic bronchitis can be cured with a decoction of viburnum with the addition of honey. In order to cook it, you need to take 250 ml of water, honey, berries of the viburnum. Also add the root of the althea, chamomile, sweet clover. Insist half an hour. Eat twice a day.

To get rid of the dry cough that disturbs allergic bronchitis, you need to prepare on the basis of honey, aloe, "Cahors." Everything is thoroughly mixed, heated, infused for 3 hours.

So, allergic bronchitis can not be started, it needs to be treated in time, so that it does not develop into bronchial asthma, pneumonia and other life-threatening diseases. Especially dangerous is an allergic bronchitis for a child.

medportal.su

Bronchitis in children: acute, obstructive bronchitis, symptoms, treatment

Bronchitis in children most often occurs in the form of complications against the background of acute respiratory viral infection, influenza or a severe cold, hypothermia. The provoking factors of bronchitis are seasonal sharp temperature changes, especially periods of rain with high humidity, so this disease usually occurs in the fall or spring.

In form, all bronchitis in children are divided into: Acute, Prolonged and Recurrent.

For reasons of occurrence, depends on the pathogen of inflammation and is divided into:

• Viral - influenza, adenoviruses, parainfluenza
• Bacterial - can be acute and obstructive (the causative agent is streptococcus, staphylococcus, moraxelly, hemophilic rod, as well as mycoplasma and chlamydia)
• Allergic, obstructive, asthmatic - arises from irritating chemical or physical factors, such as household chemicals, house dust (read about the symptoms of allergy to dust), animal hair, plant pollen and others.

Bronchitis in a child up to a year - symptoms and treatment

Children who are breastfed and who do not have contact with sick children and adults should not have any respiratory illnesses. However, if the child was born prematurely, has congenital malformations of the respiratory organs and other diseases, as well as in the family there are preschool children attending kindergartens and often ill - the development of bronchitis in a child up to a year is possible by the following reasons:

• narrower than the adult, bronchi, a more dry and vulnerable mucosa of the respiratory tract
• existing congenital malformations
• after a viral or bacterial infection
• the presence of individual sensitivity to chemical and physical stimuli - an allergy to anything.

The most basic symptoms of developing bronchitis are a severe dry cough, paroxysmal, accompanied by difficulty breathing, shortness of breath. Gradually, the cough becomes moist, but mucus, sputum during bronchitis in a child up to a year of significant hinders breathing, normal lung function is disrupted, since the airway in infancy narrow. Bronchitis in children up to a year and even up to 3-4 years is most often the following:

• Acute bronchitis simple
• Obstructive bronchitis
• Bronchiolitis

On acute and obstructive bronchitis, we will dwell in more detail below. And now consider the most common in children under one year oldbronchiolitis.

Bronchitis in children under one year of age - bronchiolitis

This bronchitis affects both small bronchi and bronchioles, develops more often against the background of acute respiratory viral infections, influenza viruses with the subsequent reproduction of pneumococci (and so on. streptococci). In case of inhalation of icy air or sharp concentrations of various gases, bronchiolitis can develop as an independent disease. The danger of such bronchitis is a pronounced bronchoobstructive syndrome with the development of sometimes even acute respiratory failure:

• Characterized by dry cough attacks, pronounced dyspnea mixed or expiratory form with syndromes of swelling of the wings nose, with the involvement of ancillary muscles, the entrainment of the intercostal spaces of the chest, the pallor of the skin, cyanosis.
• The child has dry mouth, no tears when crying.
• The child eats less and drinks than usual, respectively, and his urination is more rare.
• Increased body temperature, but unlike pneumonia, it is less pronounced (see. whether it is necessary to bring down the temperature).
• Shortness of breath to 60-80 breaths per minute, while breathing is grunting, superficial.
• On both sides are heard diffuse wet ringing finely bubbling and crepitating rales.
• Symptoms of intoxication in bronchiolitis in children are not expressed.
• X-ray is determined by the sharp transparency of the lung tissue, the variegation of the pattern, the horizontal standing of the ribs, the absence of infiltrative changes in the lungs.
• If at first there was a simple bronchitis, then the attachment of bronchiolitis after a while is manifested by a sharp deterioration of the general condition of the child, cough becomes more painful and intense, with scanty phlegm.
• Children are usually very restless, moody, excited.
• The blood test can be slightly changed, a slight leukocytosis and an increase in ESR are possible.
• Usually, bronchiolitis in children up to one year has a prolonged course until 1 months.
• The causes of acute bronchiolitis in children are similar to the causes of development of obstructive bronchitis in children older than 2-4 years. The local immune system of the respiratory tract in children under 2 years is weak, protection against viruses is not enough, so they easily penetrate deep into bronchioles and small bronchi.

Treatment of bronchiolitis in children

At home, you can not cure bronchiolitis. When a bronchiolitis occurs, the infant is usually shown hospitalization, so that the child is under the supervision of doctors. In the hospital pediatricians, pulmonologists will establish an accurate diagnosis and prescribe appropriate treatment. What should my mom do before the ambulance arrives?

You can only alleviate the symptoms of colds - create optimally comfortable air in the room, turn on the humidifier, air purifier.

If there is no high temperature in the child, you can ease breathing with warming creams and ointments, spread them legs, calves. Only with this you need to be cautious if the child has not had any allergic manifestations before, then it helps a lot if a child allergic, warming ointments should be excluded.

To cough softer, you can do steam inhalation-above a boiling pot with a weak saline solution, hold the baby in her arms. Or sit him down at the table and cover with a towel over a cup of hot medical solution.

Try to force the baby to drink more to avoid dehydration, if the child refuses the breast or mixture, give the child just pure water.

In the hospital to relieve the signs of respiratory failure, the baby is given inhalations with bronchodilators and allowed to breathe oxygen. Also at the doctor's discretion, an antibiotic is selected - Sumamed, Macroben, Augmentin, Amoxiclav. It is possible to use various drugs with interferon. Necessarily prescribe antihistamines for the removal of edema at the site of inflammation and a possible allergic reaction to treatment. If symptoms of dehydration are observed, then the necessary rehydration therapy is performed.

Acute bronchitis in children - symptoms

Bronchitis in children is the most common form of respiratory tract disease. Acute bronchitis is an acute inflammation of the bronchial mucosa without symptoms of inflammation of the lung tissue. Simple bronchitis in children in 20% of a self-contained bacterial disease, 80% - either in a program of viruses (Coxsackie virus, adenovirus, influenza, parainfluenza) or as a bacterial complication after these viral infections.

Clinical symptoms of bronchitis in children are as follows:

First, the child has general weakness, malaise, headache, lack of appetite, then there is a dry cough or cough with sputum, the intensity of which is rapidly increasing, while listening to determine the dry diffuse or variously moist wheezing. Sometimes there may be a barking cough in a child whose treatment is slightly different.

In the first 2 days, the temperature rises to 38 ° C, but with a mild form, the temperature can be 37-3,.

After 6-7 days, the dry cough becomes wet, the sputum discharge facilitates the child's condition and is a good sign that the body is coping with the infection and the virus.

On average, the duration of acute bronchitis in children is 7-21 days, but the nature of the disease, the severity of the inflammatory process depend on the child's age, the strength of his immune system, the presence of concomitant chronic and systemic diseases. In case of inadequate or untimely treatment, acute bronchitis can lead to addition - bronchiolitis, pneumonia.

Sometimes after the flu, for some time, the child's condition improves, and then a sharp deterioration, a rise in temperature, a rise in the cough - this is due to the weakening of the immune system in the fight against the virus and the attachment of a bacterial infection, in this case it is shown antibiotic.

With mycoplasmal or adenoviral acute bronchitis in children, the symptoms of intoxication, such as high fever, headaches, chills, lack of appetite, can be about a week. Usually acute bronchitis is bilateral, however, with mycoplasma bronchitis it is most often one-sided, sometimes combined with conjunctivitis.

Acute bronchitis in children - treatment

Most often, the duration of acute bronchitis in children, whose treatment is correct and carried out on time, should not be more than 14 days, however, in infants, cough can persist for up to a month, as well as in older children with atypical-mycoplasmic bronchitis. If suddenly the bronchitis in the child is delayed, it is necessary to exclude a number of diseases:

• aspiration of food
• pneumonia
• cystic fibrosis
• foreign body in bronchi
• tuberculosis infection

A pediatrician prescribes a full treatment package. In addition to implementing all the recommendations of the doctor, you should provide the child with special nutrition and quality care. It is desirable to create in the room the optimum humidity and purity, for this purpose it is convenient to use a humidifier and air purifier, often ventilate the room and conduct daily wet cleaning in the room in which child. And:

• Abundant drink

Ensure abundant reception of fluids in a warm form. To soften the cough, warm milk with butter or Borjomi mineral water helps, can be replaced with honey.

• Heat

With fever, the temperature just above 38C should take antipyretics - paracetamol in syrup.

• Antibiotics

Antibiotics for bronchitis in children, if recommended by a doctor, should be given strictly by the hour. If taking antibacterial drugs is necessary 3 times a day, this does not mean that you must drink from breakfast, lunch and dinner, and this means that their reception should be 24/3 = 8, every 8 hours, if 1 time per day, then give it only at the same time, for example at 9 o'clock morning. 11 rules - how to take antibiotics correctly.

• Cough medicine

With a dry cough, the child can be given antitussive medicines as prescribed by the doctor, and when it becomes wet to go on expectorants. With a dry cough, the means can be combined (Sinekod). If the cough is wet, then expectorants are shown - Mucaltin, Bromhexin, Gedelix, Alpine syrup, Thermopsis herb infusion or its dry extract, Bronchicum, Evcabal, Prospan, breastfeeds.

• Inhalation

Inhalation in bronchitis in children, the symptoms of which are very pronounced, are well assisted by inhalation with conventional baking soda, called over hot pots, inhalation of sodium bicarbonate using a nebulizer, inhaler.

• For babies

For small and infants who do not know how to clear themselves, doctors advise turning the child more often from one side to the other. In this case, sputum is shifted downward, irritating the bronchial wall, this leads to reflex cough.

• Distractions

For older children, cans, mustards, hot foot baths, they still help, and if the child has strong immunity, such procedures will help to avoid taking antibiotics. You can soar your baby's legs after 1 year, and also rub them with warming agents - turpentine ointments, Barsukor, Pulmax baby, etc., but only in the case when there is no high temperature, after rubbing, you should warm your feet and wrap child. However, in case of an allergic bronchitis in a child, neither the mustard nor the warming ointments can be used, since the composition of ointments and mustard can worsen the child's condition.

• Compresses

With bronchitis in children, the treatment is helped by compresses made from warm oil. Warm sunflower oil to 40 ° C and moisten them with gauze folded several times. This compress should be imposed only on the right side and back of the baby, from above put a plastic bag and a layer of cotton wool, bandage the child around several times. Dress warm clothes, do this procedure for the night, if there is no temperature in the child.

• Folk remedies

Old folk way - radish juice with honey, cabbage juice, turnip juice - any of these juices should be given 1 teaspoon 4 times a day. You can give and cranberry juice, mixing it with honey in a ratio of 3/1, a tablespoon 3 times a day.

• Massage

The first week is well helped by chest massage, older children would be good at performing breathing exercises.

Physiotherapy with bronchitis

In children, these procedures are prescribed and conducted only at the physician's discretion, these are physiotherapy methods that contribute to faster recovery, because they have an anti-inflammatory effect, however, they can not be performed more often 2 once a year:

• Ultraviolet irradiation of the chest
• Mud, paraffin applications on the chest and between the shoulder blades
• Inductometry on the same areas
• Electrophoresis with calcium
• SOLLUX ON THE BREAST
• Aeronisation by the hydroionizer of the respiratory tract with solutions of chamomile, antibiotics.

Prevention of acute bronchitis in children:

Do not allow a prolonged runny nose in a child, timely treatment of any cold and infectious diseases will be the best preventative against penetration of the infection into the lower respiratory tract. ways.

Walking in the fresh air in the park, playing at the cottage, physical exercise in nature, tempering, daily intake of natural vitamins in fruits and vegetables, and not in tablets - the way to the health of your child.

Obstructive bronchitis in children - symptoms

In young children, usually up to 3-4 years of acute bronchitis may be accompanied by an obstructive syndrome - this is an acute obstructive bronchitis. In children, the symptoms of such bronchitis begin more often after viral infections or allergic manifestations on the stimulus.

The main symptoms of obstructive bronchitis:

• Harsh, audible long breath with whistling
• Coughing with attacks, before vomiting, debilitating
• During inhalation, the intercostal spaces are drawn in and chest is swollen with breathing

In obstructive allergic bronchitis, children do not have a temperature, it starts because of an allergic reaction to the strongest irritant for the child, and parents can often remember that they recently bought something for the child - a down pillow or a blanket made of camel or sheep wool, at home breathed in color from repair or went to visit, where there is cat.

In obstructive bronchitis in children, symptoms can begin on the 3rd-4th day of the flu or ARVI, and may also be caused by other bacteria, which is manifested in the appearance of expiratory dyspnea - an increase in the respiratory rate to 60 per minute, it is also noted difficulties when inhaled.

The child begins wheezing, noisy breathing, especially a prolonged wheezing exhale, which is heard by persons near the baby. The thorax is as if swollen, that is, the ribs are horizontally arranged. Cough is dry, obtrusive, bouts, arises suddenly, it does not bring relief and intensifies at night.

If this disease develops not after ARI, then the temperature in the early days is not increased.
Headache, weakness and nausea, are very rare.

When listening there are dry wheezing in the lungs.

X-ray revealed increased transparency, increased pulmonary pattern, in the absence of infiltrative changes in the lungs.

The analysis of blood as a viral infection - lymphocytosis, leukopenia. accelerated ESR, if allergic bronchitis in a child, then eosinophilia.

Almost always obstructive bronchitis is associated with a virus or mycoplasmal infection, relapses of obstructive bronchitis in children most often spontaneously stop by 4 years.
If the bronchioles and small bronchi are affected, then this is an acute bronchiolitis.

Obstructive bronchitis in children differs from asthma attacks, in that obstruction develops slowly, and with asthma the child abruptly begins to suffocate. Although the first attacks of bronchial asthma in children also begin during ARVI. If the obstruction occurs several times a year, it is a signal that the child is at risk for developing bronchial asthma in the future.

Obstructive bronchitis in a child can be due to passive smoking, it can be distinguished by a strong cough with a whistle in the morning, while the child's condition is quite satisfactory. Obstruction with allergies occurs when contact with an allergen and recently it becomes very frequent manifestation in children prone to allergies, such bronchitis are recurrent and threatened with development bronchial asthma.

Allergic and obstructive bronchitis in children - treatment

Hospitalization

In obstructive bronchitis in children up to a year or 2 years, treatment should be performed in a hospital under the supervision of a pediatrician, in other cases at the discretion of the doctor and parents. Treatment is best done in a hospital if:

• In addition to obstruction in the child, the symptoms of intoxication are decreased appetite, fever, nausea, general weakness.
• Signs of respiratory failure. This is shortness of breath, when the frequency of breathing increases by 10% of the age norm, counting is better done at night, and not during games or crying. In children under 6 months, the respiration rate should not exceed 60 per minute, 6-12 months - 50 breaths, 1-5 years, 40 breaths. Acrocyanosis is a sign of respiratory failure, manifested by cyanotic nasolabial triangle, nails, that is, the body experiences oxygen deficiency.
• It is not uncommon for obstructive bronchitis in children to mask pneumonia, so if the doctor suspects pneumonia from hospitalization can not be denied.

Bronchodilators

Bronchiolithics extend the bronchi, so they are designed to relieve obstruction. To date, they are presented in various forms in the pharma industry:

• In the form of syrups (Salmeterol, Clenbuterol, Ascoril), which are convenient for young children, their disadvantage is the development of tremors and palpitations.
• In the form of solutions for inhalation (see. Berodual for inhalation) - this is the most convenient way for young children, breeding a medicinal solution with a physical solution, inhalation 2-3 times a day, after improvement, it is possible to use only at night. The multiplicity and dosage, as well as the course of treatment is determined only by the pediatrician.
• Inhalers-aerosols can be used only for older children (Berodual, Salbutamol).
• Such tableted forms of bronchodilators, like theophylline (Teopec, Euphyllin), are not indicated for the therapy of children with obstructive bronchitis, they have more pronounced side effects, are more toxic than local inhalation forms.

Spasmolytics

Can be used to reduce bronchial spasms. This is papaverine or Drotaverin, No-shpa. Their reception can be carried out with the help of an inhaler, orally in the form of tablets or intravenously in a hospital.

Means for coughing

To sputum better departed, various mucoregulatory drugs are used, they help dilute sputum and accelerate its excretion:

• These are preparations with active substance ambroksol (Lazolvan, Ambrobene). These drugs can not be taken for more than 10 days, it is most convenient to use them in the form of inhalations, as well as carbocisteine ​​preparations (Fluiditek, Bronhobos, Mukosol).
• After the cough became wet, the seizures became less intense, the sputum liquefied, but it departs badly, the ambroxol should be changed to expectorants for cough for children, which should be given no more than 5-10 days, they include Gedelix, Bronchicum, Prospan, Bronhosan, Herbion (cf. Herbion from a dry and wet cough), Tussin, Bronchipret, breastfeeding, .
• Codeine-containing drugs for children should not be taken if the child has a seizure-like obsessive cough, the appointment of a doctor can be used Sinekod, Stopusin Fito, Libexin (with caution in childhood), Bronhicum, Broncholitin.
• Erespal - promotes both removal of obstruction, and reduction of sputum production, and also it possesses anti-inflammatory activity, is applied from the first days of the disease, reduces the risks of complications, contraindicated in children under 2 years.

Draining massage

To facilitate the departure of sputum, parents can themselves do their child massage the collar zone, chest, back. Especially strong massage should be done for the muscles of the back along the spine. Useful for obstructive bronchitis in children postural massage - that is, efflorescence of the baby's back in the morning, should to hang the child from the bed upside down (padding the pillow under his tummy) and tapping the palms folded in the boat 10-15 minutes. For older children, with a massage, ask the child to take a deep breath, and on an exhalation, tap. Useful and additional exercises such as inflating balloons, blowing out candles.

Antihistamines

Antihistamines are prescribed to children in the presence of allergic reactions. Such medicines for allergies like Eryus in syrup can be taken to children from 1 year, with the half a year it is possible to use Claritin and Zirtek, from 2 years in syrups and drops Cetrin, Zodak, Parlazin (cf. list of medicines for allergies). Such antihistamines of the 1st generation as Suprastin and Tavegil are used less often, only for drying with abundant liquid sputum.

Allergy or virus

If the obstruction is caused by an allergy or a virus - antibiotics can not be used, and even dangerous (see. antibiotics for colds and orgs). The appointment of antibiotics is possible only with the proven infectious origin of bronchitis in children.

When antibiotics are indicated

Treatment of bronchial obstruction with antibiotics is not indicated, only if the child has a fever over 4 days, or there was a second temperature jump to 39C after 4-5 days after the onset of the disease, accompanied by severe intoxication, severe coughing if with adequate treatment, the child suddenly becomes apathetic, sluggish, refuses to eat, has weakness, nausea, headaches and even vomiting. In such cases, the use of antibiotics is justified. They are prescribed only by a pediatrician on the basis of a clinical picture, the presence of purulent sputum (indicating bacterial bronchitis), inflammatory changes in the analysis of blood, as well as other signs of bacterial bronchitis or pneumonia (wheezing, x-ray signs).

Antiviral drugs

Most doctors recommend that for ARVI and flu, take antiviral drugs, for babies candles Genferon, Viferon, and also in the form of drops Gripferon, Interferon, take Orvire syrups (remantadine), and after three years of age tableted forms such as Kagocel and Arbidol, Cytovir 3. But it is worth remembering that if in a family history (close relatives) there are any autoimmune diseases (Sjogren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic red lupus, diffuse toxic goiter, vitiligo, multiple sclerosis, pernicious anemia, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, myasthenia gravis, uveitis, Addison's disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, autoimmune hepatitis, scleroderma) it is impossible to take immunostimulants (Kagocel, Cytovir, Amiksin), it can cause a debut of an autoimmune disease in a child, possibly not now, and later (see. more antiviral drugs for orvi).

Hormonal therapy

Hormonal drugs, such as Pulcicort, are indicated only in severe or moderate leaks obstructive bronchitis (usually with the help of a nebulizer) they quickly stop obstruction and inflammation, their appoint only a doctor.

What not to do

In obstructive bronchitis in children - treatment by rubbing and spreading the body of the child with various heating oils (Dr. Mohm ointment, ointments with medicinal plants, essential oils), the use of mustard plasters is unacceptable, since they cause an even more allergic reaction and bronchospasm, especially in toddlers up to 3 years. Also categorically it is impossible to carry out inhalations with bronchitis with various medicinal herbs and essential oils. It is only possible to use such folk remedies for warming up - heat compresses with potatoes, salt, buckwheat.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapeutic procedures in the acute period are contraindicated, when the obstruction is already stopped, it is possible to perform UHF, electrophoresis or laser.

Hypoallergenic diet and plentiful drink

Any natural drinks - mineral water with milk, tea, broth of a dogrose, it is necessary to drink to the child as often as possible. The diet should be hypoallergenic, but at the same time maximally vitaminized, high in protein and fat content. Exclude from the diet of the child anything that can cause an allergic reaction:

• citrus, red and orange fruit
• purchased spices, sweets, milk cheeses, yoghurts, carbonated drinks, sausages and sausages - everything that contains dyes, flavors, preservatives and flavor enhancers
• honey and other beekeeping products
• fish, grown on fish farms, broiler chickens, as they are stuffed with hormones and antibiotics, which causes allergies.

When caring for a child, you should daily aerate, moisten the room where the child is. It's hot in the apartment should not be, it's better to have a cool, fresh, clean air. After the recovery of the child should be put on a dispensary record with an allergist.

zdravotvet.ru

Features of allergic bronchitis

Allergic bronchitis is a polyetiological disease and is one of the varieties chronic bronchitis, in which the inflammatory processes in the bronchi are not infectious, but allergenic character.

Causes of the disease

The cause of the emergence and development of this disease are all kinds of allergens, penetrating into the organism mainly through the airways along with the air and settling on the mucous membranes bronchi.Doctors-allergists identify the following most common causes that trigger the emergence and aggravation of this type of bronchitis:

1. Household chemicals.
2. Pollen.
3. Perfumery with harsh aromas.
4. Cosmetical tools.
5. Certain foods.
6. Medicines and some types of vaccine.
7. Feathers of birds and animal wool.
8. Dust from the street.
9. Allergic means of so-called bacterial etiology.
10. Certain pathogenic bacteria that cause the development of allergic processes.
11. Sharp temperature changes and changing climatic conditions.
12. Tobacco smoke.
13. Mold and some varieties of fungi.

Since the manifestation of allergic bronchitis does not occur due to a cold, but as a reaction of the body on a number of irritating factors, its pathogens are inherently absolutely identical to all other species allergies.

Symptoms of the disease

With allergic bronchitis the symptoms can be:

1. Lachrymation.
2. Difficulty of the respiratory process.
3. Strong cough with a tendency to increase at night.
4. The onset of dyspnea.
5. Characteristic wheezing when breathing. They can be whistling, dry or wet. However, unlike bronchial asthma, these sounds are listened to by inhalation, and not during exhalation.
6. Deterioration of the condition in the case of close contact of the patient with the allergen.
7. The appearance of a cold.
8. Inflammatory processes in the trachea or in the larynx, causing concomitant complications in the form of tracheitis and laryngitis.
9. Development of diathesis.
10. Infringements in work of immune system.
11. Increased fatigue.
12. Conjunctivitis.
13. Skin rashes.
14. Itching and burning in the nasopharynx.

Allergic bronchitis in children is accompanied by the following additional signs from the nervous system:

1. Hysterical, increased capriciousness and irritability.
2. Sleep disturbance.
3. Complete permanent lack of appetite.

In the case of an exacerbation of the disease, the general condition of the patient deteriorates noticeably. The following symptoms are observed:

1. General weakening of the body.
2. Increased sweating.
3. Anorexia.
4. Drowsiness.
5. Raise the body temperature of the patient.
6. Accumulation in the bronchi of viscous mucus content.
7. Elevated levels of granulocyte-type leukocytes in the blood.
8. Pathological processes in the blood vessels of the bronchi.
9. Exacerbation of existing chronic diseases.
10. Disturbances in the work of the respiratory system.
11. Thinning and transparency of lung tissue, which can be observed on radiographic shots.
12. In rare cases, the presence of bloody impurities in the sputum is possible.
13. Strongly expressed eosinophilia.

Experts consider bronchitis of an allergic nature as one of the subspecies of the chronic inflammatory process in the bronchial region. Therefore, in general terms, its symptoms in adults and toddlers are very similar to those of chronic bronchitis.

Possible consequences and complications

The presented disease delivers to the patient a lot of unpleasant sensations, essentially lowers its working capacity and quality of life. In addition, with the started form and progression of this process, the inevitable development of such complications:

1. Development of obstructive bronchitis of an allergic nature.
2. Pathological processes in the lungs.
3. Appearance of attacks of suffocation.
4. Oxygen starvation.
5. Development of bronchial asthma.
6. Convulsions.
7. Respiratory spasms.

In order to avoid negative consequences, it is recommended at the appearance of the first signs of allergic bronchitis ask for advice to an allergist, who can identify an irritating allergen-provoker and appoint appropriate treatment.

Methods of diagnosis

Diagnosis of the presented pathology begins with a therapeutic examination, anamnesis and a general clinical picture. However, given the fact that the symptoms of allergic bronchitis are in many respects similar to the infectious form of this in order to avoid a medical error and to make an extremely accurate diagnosis, the patient is assigned the following Research:

1. Radiography.
2. Listening to the lungs, in which distinctly large bubbling wheezing sounds are clearly heard.
3. A general blood test, the results of which in case of allergic bronchitis indicate an increase in the level of immunoglobulin E, as well as eosinophils.

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After the diagnosis of allergic bronchitis is established, a series of special tests are conducted to identify a specific allergen that provokes the disease. This study allows you to make the medical process as quick and effective as possible. In addition, in the future the patient will be able to avoid contact with this substance, which will make it possible to minimize the likelihood of relapse, or at least increase the period of remission.

Treatment of the disease

Treatment of allergic bronchitis must certainly be complex and systematic.

First of all, the success of this process is caused by the termination of the patient's contact with the allergen provocateur. In addition, modern medicine offers the following types of therapy to combat this disease:

1. Medicamentous treatment, consisting in the administration of antihistamines, bronchodilators and mucolytic drugs.
2. Vitaminotherapy.
3. Physiotherapy.
4. The influence of ultraviolet rays, which contributes to the strengthening of the immune system and the production of certain antibodies by the body.
5. Phytotherapy.
6. Reflexology.
7. Physiotherapy.
8. Visits to the pool and water procedures, which significantly alleviate the symptoms during the period of exacerbation of the disease.
9. Massages.
10. Homeopathic remedies.
11. Allergen-specific immunotherapy, which is a modern procedure aimed at elimination of the disease by decreasing the sensitivity of the patient's body to a specific type allergens.
12. Halotherapy is the treatment with the so-called salt climate, which promotes ventilation and increases the patency of the airways.
13. Breathing exercises.
14. Hypoxic therapy.
15. UHF.
16. Electrophoresis.
17. Laser therapy.
18. Hypoallergenic diet based on the use of dairy products, decoctions and infusions of dog rose, foods with high protein content and healthy fats. But honey, yogurt, spicy spices, confectionery and carbonated drinks to patients suffering from an allergic form of bronchitis are categorically contraindicated!

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For successful treatment and exclusion of relapses, the patient must comply with the following rules:

1. To give up smoking.
2. Avoid contact with tobacco smoke.
3. The use of drugs aimed at strengthening immunity.
4. Rational nutrition with a high content of vitamins and fiber.
5. A good night's sleep.
6. Physical exercises.
7. Daily walks in the fresh air.
8. Hardening of the body.
9. Regular visit to the attending physician and strict observance of all his recommendations.

Allergic bronchitis is a serious disease, fraught with serious complications and frequent relapses. However, timely diagnosis, identification of provoking allergen and competent therapy will allow the patient to lead a full-fledged way of life, avoiding negative manifestations, characteristic of the acute form of this allergic process.

respiratoria.ru

Allergic bronchitis: how to treat it

One of the causes of inflammation of the bronchial mucosa may be exposure to allergens. In this case, allergic bronchitis develops. The disease has a long form and passes with frequent relapses.

Medication for allergic bronchitis

Therapy of allergic bronchitis includes the definition of the allergen that provokes the disease, and the limitations of contact with it. In order to reduce the intensity of the allergic reaction, antihistamines are prescribed. For relief of coughing and breathing, bronchodilators and expectorants are used.

Antihistamines include: Diazolin, Suprastin, Tavegil. "Suprastin" appoint adults and children from 14 years to 1 tab. (25 mg) 3 times a day. Children under 14 years of age are given on, tab. (in grated form) 3 times a day. The daily amount of the drug should not exceed 100 mg. "Tavegil" is taken 1 mg 2 times a day (before meals). Children under 6 years of age are given a syrup of 1 tsp.

In allergic bronchitis, expectorants are used: "Broncholitin "Bromgexin "Mukaltin thoracic cough and so on. "Broncholitin" take 1 tbsp 4 times a day, "Bromhexine" - 1 tab. three times a day, "Mukaltin" - 2 tab. 3 times a day. Use and bronchodilators, relaxing the smooth muscles of the bronchi and promote their expansion. These include: Neo-theoferdin, Ketotifen, Intal, Atrovent, Kromoglin, and Kromogeksal. Neo-theophydrine is taken in the morning or in the daytime. Adults and children from 12 years of age are prescribed for ½ or 1 tab. two times a day, children from 6 to 12 years - on ½ table. 1 time per day, children from 2 to 6 years give ¼ tablets per day.

Aerosols, GCS for the treatment of allergic bronchitis

In allergic bronchitis, bronchodilators are used in aerosol form, which reduce the frequency of coughing attacks: Salbutamol, Fenoterol, Terbutaline and Hexaprenaline. To eliminate the narrowing of the bronchi and restore their patency appoint the drug "Volmaks." Adults and children from 12 years of age should take 8 mg of the drug 2 times a day, children from 3 to 12 years give 4 mg twice a day.

If the therapeutic effect of the drugs is not effective enough, additionally appoint glucocorticoids: Bekotid, Ingacort, Budesonide, Fluticasone. In particular, aerosol for inhalation "Fluticasone" has anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory effect. You can not take glucocorticoids for too long, because they can activate the inflammatory process.

In the treatment of allergic bronchitis, specific immunotherapy (SIT) or desensitization is used. This method of treatment can eliminate the cause of the disease by reducing the sensitivity of the body to the allergen.

KakProsto.ru

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