Do I need to get a flu shot?
The flu is so dangerous for people that it is on the third place among the most treacherous diseases of our time. Therefore, doctors recommend that you vaccinate to avoid the flu and its complications. Meanwhile, up to 80% of US residents prefer to vaccinate, about 10% of the population of Russia, and in Ukraine - up to 1%. There are a lot of rumors about vaccinations - truthful and not very good. Do I need to get a flu shot?
Who needs flu vaccination?
WHO argues that although everyone is sick with the flu, not everyone needs vaccinations. But there are groups of people who need flu shots. It:
- Children from six months who have not yet acquired immunity to colds and whose immune system is still very weak
- People with chronic diseases of the respiratory system (but not in an acute state and without temperature)
- Those who have immunodeficiency
- People who have crossed the threshold of 50 years
Why is it so difficult to get a flu shot?
In the composition of the influenza virus, there are special antigens, the formula and form of which forms varieties of the same viruses. These varieties, to our regret, change their composition every year, because of what it is quite difficult to find an effective vaccine against the flu.
In order for the vaccine to be developed correctly and, accordingly, it is necessary to rely on the doctors' forecasts regarding the likely changes in the structure of the virus. This is quite difficult, so if the vaccine is not properly selected, you can not guess and not protect the person from the flu completely. The fact is that if scientists have not guessed with the vaccine, then it will not have enough antimatter to withstand the flu. With an incorrectly selected vaccine, its effectiveness is reduced by a factor of three - this explains the inefficiency of vaccinations.
What is the composition of the flu vaccine?
As part of the vaccination against influenza viruses are contained, but not alive, but already killed. These viruses, getting into the human body, increase its immunity and cause it to fight with the infection. Having trained on weak viruses, the body instantly recognizes influenza viruses that get to it from the external environment. And easily copes with them. In this - the essence of the vaccine against the flu.
The vaccine differs from the present influenza virus in that it contains too weak viruses or inactivated viruses (generally without virus content). These are inactivated viruses and can give most complications after the flu. After the vaccination, two weeks pass from the flu, and this is the time when the body fully adapts to this type of flu. Therefore, it is better to vaccinate against influenza not during epidemics, but before their onset - beginning in October.
Pros of vaccination against influenza
Vaccination against influenza helps reduce the incidence of influenza in a rather impressive scale - this is a fact. For example, among the elderly people who were vaccinated against the flu, up to 60% later they are not sick with acute respiratory diseases in general. Vaccination from the flu makes it possible not to ache more than 80% of people of all ages who have been vaccinated. Children who were vaccinated against influenza cease to be ill in more than 92% of cases. Vaccination against influenza also reduces the likelihood of complications by more than a third - one of them is a painful otitis for children.
Cons of vaccination against influenza
There are also side effects of flu vaccination. They are related to:
- Incorrect use of the vaccine (not corresponding to the influenza strain)
- Vaccination in those conditions that are prohibited for vaccinations - pregnancy in the first trimester, high fever, acute disease during vaccination
- A negative reaction to vaccine substances that were not taken into account
Consequences of the negative reaction of the body to the vaccine - weakness of the body, redness at the injection site, fever and flu symptoms in mild form - headache, lethargy and so on. With a normal reaction of the body to the vaccine, these symptoms disappear within two days after the vaccination, and In case of complications, a person's condition worsens after 6-12 hours Inoculations.
It is worth knowing that, in addition to vaccination against influenza, there are other methods of prevention: more abundant drinking with vitamins (decoction of rose hips, sea buckthorn, tea with lemon and honey), wearing an antiviral mask, taking multivitamin preparations to maintain immunity, frequent washing hands. They should be used, because in the cold season, a person loses a lot of vitamins - up to 70% of what is needed!
Therefore, using a vaccine against influenza as the only means is wrong. But you do not need to give it up. Especially if you find yourself on the list of people who need flu shots.
Who does not have a flu vaccine?
There are people who do not get a flu shot, because it can cause a number of complications.
- These are people with chronic diseases of the nervous system
- Those who have problems with the genitourinary system (ureter, bladder, kidneys and so on)
- People suffering from diseases of the endocrine organs (thyroid, adrenal, pituitary)
- Those who have heart failure, and clearly expressed
- People with bronchial asthma
- Patients with blood diseases of any age
- Pregnant women before the third trimester of pregnancy
- Those who have an allergy to chicken protein
Vaccination against influenza, introducing viruses into the body, can cause an adverse reaction even in healthy people who do not suffer from the above contraindications.
Influenza in Figures
Today the flu is a real plague of the century. In terms of complications and mortality, influenza is in third place after cardiovascular diseases and cancer. And the flu together with ARVI occupy 95% of infectious diseases. These viruses each year strike up to 500 million people on the planet. Of these people, up to 2 million people die. To reduce these deaths, scientists recommend vaccination.
Vaccination, according to WHO, should protect people from the flu and prevent complications after the flu, not to mention the mortality, which is significantly reduced. The vaccine works, strengthening primarily the immune system.
But, unfortunately, this protection does not always work. As a minus, it is not always right for physicians to select a vaccine, but as a plus, even if the vaccine does not fully protect against infection with the virus, but it makes it possible to weaken its influence on the body.
More on the influenza virus
The flu virus is far from alone. There are at least three of them - the influenza virus A, B, C - as the first letters in the English alphabet. The most dangerous is considered to be influenza type A, epidemics and pandemics are associated with it. Influenza type B is also not a gift - it causes damage to the body in many people, but affects people more locally. The most mild in its impact is the influenza C virus, although it is undesirable to suffer from none of the three types of influenza.
ilive.com.ua
Vaccination against influenza: contraindications. Do I need a flu vaccine?
Seasonal flu is a disease that affects millions of citizens annually. The most favorable time for the disease is autumn and winter, when human immunity is weakened and can not cope with viruses so effectively. Different strains of viruses can cause the development of an acute respiratory disease, but, despite the nature of the pathogen, the symptoms are very similar in all cases. The patient has a fever, a sore throat, a cold, a cough and a headache.
Inoculation against influenza
To prevent the onset of many infectious diseases, vaccination is given. After the opening of the first vaccine, doctors saved hundreds of millions of lives. Against the flu every year, millions of people are vaccinated, because the vaccine is today considered to be the main preventive method in the fight against infections.
Sometimes potential patients have a question: do I need a flu vaccine? The vaccine is a weakened viral material that can not reproduce in the body. When a vaccine material is introduced to a person whose set of proteins is identical to the active virus, his immune system starts producing antibodies against the virus.
Time for vaccination
To be vaccinated against the flu is best in the fall (from September to November), because the epidemic of the disease at this time is becoming a massive one. Inflammation is administered to children and adults. It is not recommended to vaccinate the vaccine in the spring or summer, as the amount of antibodies decreases with time, and the effect from it is not so strong.
You can get a vaccine against the flu even after the epidemic begins. If the vaccination was carried out and the next day the person was infected, the vaccine will not worsen the course of the disease. Much worse the flu will leak if such vaccinations are not done, even there is a risk of serious complications.
Who needs an inoculation
To date, inoculations are already done by infants from 6 months of age. There is a category of people who need a vaccination against the flu in the first place. In the high-risk zone, there are elderly people, patients who are on inpatient treatment, pregnant women. It is necessary to vaccinate children and adolescents (from 6 months to 18 years), especially if they have been using aspirin for a long time for the purpose of treatment. Such patients may have severe complications after the flu. This category includes people with problems of the kidneys, lungs, heart, with metabolic disorders, patients with immunodeficiency, with hemoglobulinopathies, with staphylococcal infection, as well as students and schoolchildren who are constantly are in society.
Vaccination against influenza: contraindications
The main material for the manufacture of the vaccine is chicken embryos. Not every organism is susceptible to them, and there are a number of cases when a flu vaccine is not recommended. Contraindications are primarily to those patients who suffer from an allergic reaction to chicken protein. It is not necessary to vaccinate people during the period of exacerbation of chronic diseases. Vaccination is undesirable for two weeks after the final recovery, because the body is weakened and may react incorrectly.
It is not necessary to inoculate patients with progressive forms of neurological diseases, as well as with an allergy to influenza vaccines.
What is the flu?
The disease belongs to the category of acute viral infections, is accompanied by a general infectious syndrome in severe form and affects the respiratory tract. Not all patients realize the full danger of this disease. In some cases, the flu begins with a cough, fever and a runny nose, and can end with the death of the patient. Statistics show that annually about 40 thousand people from developed countries die from the flu and complications caused by it.
Types of the causative agent of influenza
The causative agent of the virus is divided into three independent types: A, B and C. The constant mutation of the virus, which leads to a change in its antigenic structure, leads to the fact that qualitatively new varieties of the influenza virus actively appear and multiply. The danger for the population is that the immunity to them in the human body has not yet developed, so the virus affects the patient and can cause unpredictable complications. The transmission of the influenza virus from a sick person is carried out by airborne droplets, which allows it to spread to all categories of the population.
Influenza A type instantly spreads over vast areas and is pandemic or epidemic in nature. Local spread of the influenza B virus type allows recording its individual outbreaks and taking timely measures. Sporadic outbreaks of infections cause influenza type C.
Benefits of Inoculation
The vaccine helps the body develop a permanent immunity, which will help to avoid getting infected with the flu. If even a vaccinated person has taken up an infection, then the disease goes on without complications and in a lighter form than those who refused to vaccinate. Specific prophylaxis is carried out by live and inactivated vaccines. The vaccine against influenza for children over three years old is of domestic origin. Imported vaccines, which have all the necessary licenses, are intended for children between the ages of 6 to 12 months.
The maximum amount of antibody is reached 14 days after vaccination. The annual vaccination is explained by the fact that the vaccine provides the body with short-term immunity (6-12 months). Vaccination should be carried out before and during the epidemic season.
Vaccines against influenza
Vaccines aimed at fighting the flu are divided into several types. The first is live vaccines. They are made from strains of the virus that are safe for humans. With intranasal administration, they contribute to the development of local immunity. Vaccination before the beginning of the epidemic period. Live vaccines vary depending on who they are intended for - children or adults.
People who are older than 7 years are assigned inactivated vaccines. It is a concentrated and purified influenza virus, grown on chick embryos and inactivated by UV radiation and formalin. Inactivated vaccines include flu-like liquid chromatographic, centrifugal and eluate-centrifugal.
Subunit and split vaccines have domestic and imported varieties. These include drugs such as "Grippol" Agrippal "Begrivac" Waxigrip "Influvak" Fluarix. "
Refusal of vaccination
Increasingly, people refuse to vaccinate. This is explained by the fact that often after vaccination against influenza, unwanted reactions of the organism to the material occur. Illiterate introduction, poor quality of the vaccine or non-compliance with the rules after vaccination leads to complications. Another reason for not taking vaccinations is that parents think this is harmful to the health of their child.
Refuse can be from all vaccinations or from some specific. Refusal to vaccinate against influenza should be argued and notified about this decision of employees of the polyclinic.
There are a number of cases when medical workers confirm that it is undesirable to vaccinate against influenza. Contraindications relate primarily to the health of the child, when he suffered a trauma or is ill. But after the state of the baby is normalized, the vaccine still has to be done.
To refuse the vaccination, you must write a special application in two copies (one for yourself, and the second for a school, kindergarten or polyclinic). The application must be registered in the institution's documents journal, it must contain: a deciphered signature, a number, a document number, a seal. It is also worth remembering that the refusal of vaccinations is a decision to take responsibility for the diseases against which vaccination is carried out.
Consequences of refusal of vaccinations
Not always refusing to vaccinate the flu (sample - below) is the right decision by the parents. Preventive vaccinations are protected by law, and their absence makes life difficult for citizens. Thus, they are prohibited from traveling to countries that require specific vaccinations. Citizens may be temporarily denied admission to health or educational institutions, especially if there is a threat of epidemics or infectious diseases. In the absence of the necessary vaccinations, citizens have problems in hiring, where there is a risk of contracting infectious diseases. In other words, non-vaccinated children and adults are not allowed into the collective if there are suspicions of an epidemic.
Effects of flu vaccination
Vaccination against influenza, contraindications to which have already been thoroughly studied, may also negatively affect human health. It is about the occurrence of side effects. Before you do the vaccination, you need to go through the examination and consult with your doctor. The maximum caution should be exercised in the case of vaccination of children, pregnant women and elderly people. Vaccination does not save from all diseases (in this case from influenza) at all, but it at times reduces the possibility of infection. Untimely vaccination can lead to flu. But even then, the disease will be much easier to transfer than by giving up the vaccine.
After vaccination, allergic reactions and chronic illnesses can become aggravated. To avoid this, you need to warn the doctor about their availability. Children should be vaccinated only healthy, because even a slight runny nose during vaccination can turn into a child's insomnia, loss of concentration and reduced immunity. Also, you must follow the rules of care for the vaccination, in order to avoid local problems on the skin. If the organism somehow reacted to previous vaccinations, then the following should be abandoned.
fb.ru
At school, you are required to get a flu shot. Is it legal? If yes, indicate the law. Thank you.
Answers:
Voldemar Krok
In some situations, the refusal of vaccination entails a restriction on the choice of professional activity or freedom of movement, as reflected in para. 2 tbsp. 5 of the Federal Law "On Immunoprophylaxis".
In accordance with Art. 5 of the Federal Law "On Immunoprophylaxis of Infectious Diseases" (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1998, No. 38, art. 4736): citizens in the implementation of immunization have the right to refuse preventive vaccinations.
The absence of preventive vaccinations entails:
prohibition for citizens to travel to countries where they stay in accordance with international health rules or international treaties of the Russian Federation requires specific preventive vaccinations;
a temporary refusal to admit citizens to educational and health facilities in the event of massive infectious diseases or the threat of epidemics;
refusal to accept citizens for work or removal of citizens from work, the performance of which is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases.
List of works, the implementation of which is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases and requires mandatory preventive vaccinations is established by the federal executive body authorized by the Government of the Russian Federation authorities.
In the implementation of immunization, citizens are required to:
comply with the instructions of medical personnel;
in writing to confirm the refusal of preventive vaccinations.
Tatyana
No. From flu is a personal matter, to do or not!
Observer
No one has the right to force you to do this forcibly ...
Ruslan SCM
Yes, it's legal, I need a note from my parents that I did not do so
Andrei
There are certainly no such laws. This matter is purely personal. Moreover - it is undeniably unproved that the vaccine will protect against all strains of influenza and that it protects in general ...
no
we wrote a paper with permission printed in the printing house
LUCK
at school and ask for reasons
Chistov
let them show the law in the school about such a duty. On the contrary, the school should give a piece of paper with a message to parents about the planned vaccination for consent or refusal. Without this consent should not do.
Margarita Kulyaeva
to be vaccinated or not is a private matter of every person, vaccination is carried out on a voluntary basis... and no one has the right to coerce her! so say it in your school.
Is vaccination against influenza mandatory?
Answers:
Tatyana
On the one hand, the federal law "On immunization of infectious diseases" says that preventive vaccinations are carried out with the consent of citizens. Here is the law http://www.magichild.ru/vaccine/law_17_06_1998.html. But there is also "a list of works whose performance is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases and requires compulsory vaccination" ( http://www.privivki.ru/law/fed/150799.htm). This list indicates the work "in all types and types of educational institutions". So this is a controversial issue, if the case comes to court. You have already been given good advice - honey. for health reasons.
Svetlana Elovikova
No, this is a voluntary event.
Maria Vladlenovna
of course, good-natured.
Anyuta
I do not know for sure, but I do not really need to take an inoculation. Still it can not be done when you have a cold or have recently been sick. t. To. You can fall ill again because of the weakened or easied immunity.
Arina
Inoculation against influenza is not necessary. they can also protect and can not protect.
Svetlanka
Now for those who work with children, they want to make the vaccine mandatory! I myself work with children, they told us the same thing!
Gently stepping forward
This is voluntary, but if very "insist" at work, try to take honey. withdrawal (guaranteed to operate in the near future I plan pregnancy ")
Pec DEC
No medical procedure in the Russian Federation is mandatory, if there is no court decision in this regard!
wage-collector
guys! you are all mistaken! there is a law "On the Basics of Vaccine Prevention" where it is written that a citizen can refuse vaccination, but below there is an article where it is written that there is a list of professions where vaccinations are mandatory. Read it!
...
I was so vaccinated against measles. They also said that they would fire him, I work in the school. At work some sort of check had to come from the department. Here's the boss and fussed. For some reason, it seemed to them that I should immediately get a measles vaccine at age 30. I went to the polyclinic, and they looked at me like a fool. They showed me with a certificate that I do not need to do anything, since in my childhood everything was already done to me, as everyone at an early age is immunized against measles. And in general, the doctors sat and snapped because they required me to get a measles vaccine. They said that I have lifelong immunity. They were in shock from my superiors. Probably they did not have such things in practice yet. I alone, like a fool, came to demand a measles vaccine in 30 years. I hate it all. In general, in our school, none of the parents agrees to a flu shot. And the meaning is then for teachers to do it, if the children are infected from each other, and not from teachers.
Do I have to get a flu shot if I am a health worker?
Answers:
TeSsA
you can refuse, they will insist - invite them to show the order where it should be written that all employees, etc., etc. (of course not). And you must warn that you were sick! But I always did on my own initiative (already 5 years) and never hurt.
Artem
yes put you) Th with you will be the same for you to benefit)))
Tatyana
Make! They have a right!!!
Non-ferrous-tashepit
... In accordance with Federal Law No. 157 "On immunization of infectious diseases citizens have the right to refusal of vaccinations (Article 5), and vaccinations to minors are carried out only with the consent of parents (art. 11). Refusal of vaccination is confirmed in writing... .
...BUT!!! !
... Lack of preventive vaccinations entails:
prohibition for citizens to travel to countries where they stay in accordance with international health rules or international treaties of the Russian Federation requires specific preventive vaccinations;
a temporary refusal to admit citizens to educational and health facilities in the event of massive infectious diseases or the threat of epidemics;
denial of admission of citizens to work or the removal of citizens from work, the performance of which is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases... .
P.S! And who needs a refusal to vaccinate against the flu:
1.there is an allergy to chicken eggs, since the basis of influenza vaccines is precisely the proteins of chicken eggs;
2. during the vaccination suddenly allergic or chronic diseases became aggravated (after recovery, wait at least two weeks to get vaccinated);
3.ORVI with temperature. Must pass at least two weeks after recovery;
4. there were serious reactions to previous influenza vaccination (high fever, allergy, a sharp outbreak of the disease).
L.
To force nobody has the right. The husband does not. (doctor)
Nina Gosudareva
Only at your request. Before starting vaccination, I do a survey of employees. Those who want to be vaccinated are vaccinated, but most refuse.
