Methods of treatment of demodicosis in human eyes

Demodecosis is a specific disease. It is caused by the ciliary tongs Demodex folliculorum or Demodex brevis. According to statistics, more than sixty percent of the world's population are carriers of this parasite, and many do not even know it.

In this article we will tell you about the symptoms of demodicosis, its possible complications, and also about the modern methods of treating this disease.

Definition of disease

Demodekozom is a chronic disease that affects the skin of the eyelids, which causes parasitic ciliated mites Demodex (acne vulgaris). These mites are of microscopic size.They usually live in the sebaceous and sweat glands. Normally, Demodex mites are conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, so their presence on the skin of the face is allowed, but only if they do not cause anxiety.Problems arise when suppression of immunity occurs, which is why the number of mites increases very rapidly.

The mites-parasites themselves are not dangerous. Danger is the products of their life, because they are allergens. As a result of an allergic reaction, pink acne, seborrhea, and blepharitis and demodecosis (blepharoconjunctivitis) develop on the skin.

Demodecosis is accompanied by fatigue and dry eyes, itching and redness of the eyelids, as well as secretions and crusts that appear for centuries after sleep.

The disease usually worsens in the warm season, or, for example, after taking a hot shower or visiting the sauna, since the pincers are most active at high temperature.

In order to diagnose demodicosis, there is enough visual inspection. Also, the patient can complain about frequent barley, regularly appearing acne.When examining the eyelids it is evident that the edges are edematous, the individual eyelashes stuck together, they are surrounded by yellowish crusts and scales.

Causes

The mites that cause demodicosis may be present in about six out of ten people. But not all people will have this disease. Clinical symptoms appear usually with weakened immunity, metabolic disorders, chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. A provoking factor may be stress, excessive use of coffee, alcohol, exposure to the sun, sauna, bath, visual load, pregnancy, eye surgery.

The presence of more than three ticks on eyelashes can already cause demodectic eyelids.

Eye damage in demodicosis is caused by the following factors:

• Mechanical irritation of eyelid tissues with mites and products of their vital activity.
• Allergic reaction of the body.
• Attachment of a viral or bacterial infection.

Infect demodicosis can be from pets, through not very clean bed linens, other people's cosmetics.

Symptoms

Symptoms of demodectic can be diverse.If the disease occurs without severe symptoms, no complaints and signs of inflammation, it can be detected during a preventive examination.

With malosimptomnom demodicosis there are complaints of itching eyelids (in the morning hours), resists, sticky discharge. When viewed on a slit lamp, the ophthalmologist will see enlarged bulbs of some eyelashes, translucent couplings at their roots, sometimes a slight reddening of the conjunctiva.

In more severe cases (demodectic blepharitis), the edges of the eyelids are edematous and thickened. Skin flakes between the eyelashes. Couplings are very noticeable and are present on almost all eyelashes.

The main symptoms of demodicosis:

1. Strong itchy eyelids.
2. Swelling and redness of the eyelids.
3. Loss of eyelashes.
4. Formation of yellow crusts along the edge of the eyelids.
5. Redness, dryness, irritation and rapid eye fatigue.
6. Sticky discharge.

Possible complications

Demodecosis can be complicated by the addition of bacterial infection (staphylococcal or streptococcal), with symptoms of purulent conjunctivitis, ulcerative blepharitis.

Because of this disease, the work of meibomian glands is disrupted, which can cause acute or chronic meibomitis or haljazion.

Often demodicosis occurs along with dermatitis of the eyelids.

Demodex mite

Another complication is episcleritis (inflammation of the superficial layer of the outer shell of the eye). When examined on the eyeball, you can see a limited redness and denseness, but there is no soreness.

It happens that demodicosis causes inflammation of the cornea (keratitis). Keratitis is marginal, superficial or deep. On the cornea, a hotbed of inflammation forms, ulcers appear on the surface. There is pain, photophobia, lacrimation, vision impairment.

Treatment

Treatment of demodectic disease should be comprehensive. Its purpose is to destroy mites, to remove inflammation, to eliminate the infection, to strengthen local immunity.

Therefore, the therapy of this disease takes a long time. In the presence of common diseases, treatment may be ineffective, so there are relapses.

During treatment it is necessary to strictly observe personal hygiene, since there is a possibility of repeated self-infection.

In order to properly cure demodicosis, you need to see a doctor. Only a specialist can assess the extent of the lesion and prescribe medications.

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Medication

Drug treatment of demodicosis involves the use of the following groups of drugs:

1. Holinomimetics(Physostigmine, Fosfakol, Armin, Tosmilen, Pilocarpine). They paralyze the muscles of the mites and stimulate the contraction of the circular eye muscle.
2. Metronidazole.It stimulates the tone and trophism of the skin, muscles, and also has an antiparasitic effect, increases the activity of cellular immunity.
3. Antibiotics, antiseptics(zinc in boric acid, ciprofloxacin, Dimexide). They are used to prevent and treat secondary infection.
4. Desensitizing agents, corticosteroids(Dexamethasone, Dimedrol).
5. Moisturizing eye gels and drops(preparations of artificial tears).

Surgically

The surgical treatment of demodicosis is applied depending on the stage of the process. It is also carried out when it is necessary to remove a cosmetic defect.

People's means

Consider the most effective folk remedies for the treatment of demodicosis:

• Decoction of wormwood. Add in a liter of water two tablespoons of ground wormwood. Bring to a boil, keep on low heat for a few more minutes. Insist two hours. Drink the broth six times a day according to the following scheme: the first day - fifty milliliters every hour, the second day fifty milliliters every two hours, the remaining days - fifty milliliters every three hours hours.
• Compresses from the bark of oak.In a glass of water, add one teaspoon of bark. Bring to a boil, then cook for another five minutes. For a compress, a clean bandage is used. You need to change it every ten minutes.
• Tincture of calendula.Apply tincture with a cotton swab on the eyelash growth zone.
• Infusion of birch leaves.A tablespoon of leaves pour a glass of boiling water. Insist thirty minutes, drain. Drink a tablespoon three times a day.
• Massage of lids. Before using a compress or tincture, you canmassage the eyelids for about ten minutes. Movements should be smooth, they start from the skin to the eyelashes.
• Ointment from household soap.Dissolve soap in warm water to make a thick ointment. Apply it to the skin of the eyelids for one or two hours. The therapy is carried out for two weeks.
• Decoction of tansy.One tablespoon of flowers pour a glass of water, boil for three minutes. Insist thirty minutes. Strain the broth, dig in two to three drops on the eyelids. With eyes closed without flushing the broth, it is necessary to lie down for half an hour. Use the decoction once a day for two weeks.
• Birch tar.It can be added to the cream, which is used to treat demodectic infections.

Prevention

Prophylaxis of demodecosis includes the following measures:

1. Do not use cosmetics and things that could be infected with ticks.
2. At the time, give up cosmetics for the eyes.
3. Every day, change, wash and iron bed linen and towels.
4. Use only your personal hygiene items.
5. Strengthen immunity to avoid repeated recurrences of demodectic infection.
6. To conduct timely and complex treatment.
7. Restrict close bodily contacts until recovery.
8. Observe the regime of the day and diet, avoid stress, give up alcohol.
9. Do not visit the sauna, swimming pool, sauna.
10. Do not stay in the sun for a long time.

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conclusions

If you suspected demodicosis yourself, then go through a comprehensive diagnosis with a specialist. Only a doctor can prescribe the right treatment, which will avoid negative health consequences.

Remember about prevention. It will help to avoid the re-development of demodicosis.

Benefits of using eye drops with antibiotic against conjunctivitis.