Chronic Cough Causes

Chronic cough: causes, symptoms, treatment

Cough is a protective reflex of the body, through which it is possible to quickly cure infectious diseases of the respiratory tract. In some situations, coughing can be prolonged, then a chronic form is diagnosed. It leads to rapid physical fatigue, insomnia. Due to the fact that the patient can not fall asleep, his nervous system is exhausted. Chronic cough is accompanied by dizziness, hoarseness of voice, excessive sweating and spontaneous urination. Is it possible to completely cure a chronic form of cough?

Causes of chronic cough

The symptom most often caused by bronchial asthma, postnazalnym edema, casting sour into the esophagus. Less often chronic cough is provoked by infectious disease, medication and lung disease.

Postnasal Bladder Syndrome

The syndrome constantly irritates the pharynx and a strong cough appears. Most often, the syndrome is typical for people who have colds, allergies, sinusitis, rhinitis. The person in this case is constantly stuffy nose, for a long time does not pass the runny nose. Slime can accumulate on the back of the pharynx, so you always want to cough.

Bronchial asthma

Chronic cough is one of the main symptoms, except for this there is shortness of breath, wheezing. A person begins to cough badly when in contact with an allergen. Sometimes the patient's condition worsens immediately after a cold snap, a sharp drop in moisture and inhaling specific smells.

Heartburn

If acidic content enters the esophagus from the stomach, the patient has an unpleasant sour taste in his mouth. Then the acid irritates the pharynx and the person begins to cough heavily.

Infectious diseases of the respiratory tract

The chronic form of cough quite often is a consequence of the transferred cold. Symptom for a long time does not pass in case of a cold, an inflammatory process in the respiratory tract.

The use of different types of medicines

Quite often, the cause of chronic cough is the prolonged intake of medications from blood pressure. Most often it is Monopril, Prestarium, which is prescribed for hypertension. In this case, the cough is superficial and dry. To get rid of a cough, you must stop taking the drug or pick up another that is right for you. Note that chronic cough often occurs after taking beta-blockers, nitrofurans.

Bronchial and pulmonary diseases

If you have chronic bronchitis, a persistent cough with phlegm worries. Such a symptom is most common for a smoker. With lung cancer, cough is frequent, not always accompanied by hemoptysis. Despite this, do not think that a prolonged cough is always a symptom of cancer. A lot of factors that can cause chronic cough.

Diagnosis and treatment of chronic type of cough

When the diagnosis is made, the main causes of the appearance of a cough are identified or excluded. If the unpleasant symptom lasts more than two months, it is necessary to undergo computed tomography, pulmonary radiography. In case of suspected pulmonary disease, functional tests are performed - bodipletizmography, spirometry. In addition, tests for an allergic reaction are given.

To exclude gastroenterological diseases, it is necessary to undergo fibrogastroscopy, with which the stomach, esophagus and duodenum are carefully studied. Diagnosis is carried out under local anesthesia.

It is necessary to examine at the ENT doctor, in order to find out what condition the nasopharynx is in. Perhaps the cause of chronic cough is rhinitis.

Treatment depends on the diagnosis. With exacerbation of symptoms, it is necessary to take antibiotics. Especially important is their intake for purulent or infectious bronchitis. Most often appointed Levomycetin, Tetracycline, Ampicillin. If the treatment is ineffective, the antibiotic can be replaced by another, having first studied the sensitivity of the microflora. Sometimes prescribed drugs of the sulfonamide group:Madribon, Sulfapyridazine.

At home, to facilitate the symptomatology recommended to carry out inhalation with onions and garlic. It is necessary to prepare onions and garlic juice, add a solution of novocaine - 1 ml. Inhalation is carried out in the morning and in the evening. The course of therapy about a month.

Consider! If you are a doctor prescribing a cough for a long course of taking antibiotics, it's not safe. Quite often this group of drugs can cause fungal infection. In this case it is necessary to takeLeworin, Nystatin.

In addition, it is necessary to use aerosols, various means for rapid excretion of sputum: infusions of thermopsis, herbal decoction "breast-feeding", decoction from the root of the althaea. Well proven mucolytic drugs -Rinatiol, Bisolvon, Bromhexine.

Also prescribed are inhalations with solutions of sodium bicarbonate, prostaglandins, with their help you can reduce the viscosity of phlegm. With a chronic cough, it is necessary to pay attention to such methods of treatment:

• Vitamin A, C, B.
• Biostimulators - sea buckthorn oil, aloe, propolis.
• Perform special respiratory gymnastics.
• Take a course of electro-physiotherapeutic procedures, which greatly alleviate the symptoms.

Thus, the chronic form of cough can accompany various diseases. Sometimes a symptom is a manifestation of chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, tuberculosis, helminthiosis, gastric disease. Do not start a cough, otherwise it can lead to severe consequences - bronchial asthma, respiratory failure. It is important to undergo a comprehensive course of therapy in a timely manner, which includes taking medications, exercise therapy, physiotherapy procedure, during this period it is important to adhere to a healthy lifestyle, to abandon bad habits.

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Symptoms of chronic (persistent) cough

Coughing is a reflex action aimed at removing excess mucus, dust particles, and smoke from the respiratory tract. This act is a natural protective function of the body. But along with the positive sides, such an impetuous action can cause irritability, physical weakness, dizziness. In addition, a constant cough interferes with a full sleep and causes a lot of inconvenience to people who are close to a person who regularly makes loud and unpleasant sounds.

Physicians conditionally cough for duration are divided into several forms:

• Sluggish - reflex action is manifested for a long time, but attacks with the manifestation of additional side symptoms are completely absent.
• Acute - can last no more than 2-3 weeks. However, it is accompanied by high or very low temperature, reddening of the throat and other unpleasant symptoms.
• Subacute - an intermediate period in which the reflex action can pass or pass into a constant and debilitating.
• Chronic - reflex action torments a person for a long time, sometimes a symptom may be present for 2-3 months. In this case, a slight cough passes without temperature.

The overwhelming majority of people lightly refer to the appearance of this symptom. It is believed that if there is no significant pain in the throat, sputum does not go away, the reflex act is easy, although constant, passes without temperature, it can be ignored or treated at home. However, in most cases, after 1-2 months of constant bouts of painful cough that occur every day, the doctor fixes a chronic form of the disease.

Constant (chronic cough) against allergies

Postnazalny syndrome, as a consequence of cold and allergic diseases, rhinitis and sinusitis. A permanent act is provoked by a runny nose and increased edema of the larynx with a secret secretion.

Bronchial asthma is the most probable cause of chronic reflex act in adults and the main one in children and adolescents. The associated act in some cases may be the only symptom of asthma. It is seasonal, it regresses when it freezes, changes the humidity of the air, or from the presence of sharp odors. Sometimes accompanied by shortness of breath and rattling.

Persistent cough as a result of infections

Chronic bronchitis is caused by constant irritation of the respiratory tract. Most often forced exhalation is dry, although sometimes it happens with the departure of viscous sputum. Most people with this diagnosis are smokers.

Poison cough is the result of transferred ARI and ARVI. In some cases, untreated diseases can lead to the development of a chronic character in reflex action.

Cough with chronic tonsillitis and pharyngitis occurs against the background of nasal breathing. Forced breathing through the mouth helps to infect the larynx and irritate it with dry cold air. As a consequence, there is a perspiration in the throat and dry cough.

Diseases of the upper respiratory tract caused by colds and infection of the lungs. Such ailments are accompanied by abundant rhinitis, burning in the nasal sinuses and heavily inflamed nasopharynx. But even eliminating these symptoms does not guarantee getting rid of a chronic cough.

Chronic cough - other causes

Gastroesophageal reflux disease is associated with the ingestion of acid from the stomach into the esophagus. This drive to irritation of the mucous larynx and accordingly a person constantly wants to cough. Also, this condition is accompanied by heartburn and an acid taste in the mouth.

Use of drugs to reduce high blood pressure in the treatment of hypertension. A fifth of patients may experience a dry, painful persistent cough. When switching to other drugs, it usually takes 1-2 weeks.

Lung cancer in some cases is accompanied by a chronic (constant) involuntary trembling action with abundant sputum discharge containing blood clots. Most often observed in smokers with a long history.

Psychogenic reflex act on the background of mental disorders. It is characterized as a slight persistent cough, observed during the daytime, dry (unproductive). It is more often diagnosed in childhood and adolescence, in adults it is rare. Requires consultation with a specialized specialist. Anti-cough medicines are not effective, it is necessary to eliminate the cause of emotional discomfort.

To the possible causes of a person suffering from persistent cough, tumors, lesions and various pathologies of the lungs and bronchi can also be attributed.

What to do if the constant reflex forced action is excruciating? First of all, he will turn to a specialist, since such a symptom is typical for completely different diseases. The physician must conduct a physical examination to determine the diagnosis. For example, chest X-ray, lung function testing, endoscopy, gastric acidity test.

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Chronic cough

The human body has many ways to protect itself from adverse environmental manifestations. One of these protective reflexes is a cough. This is a kind of signal that in the body unfavorable phenomena occur. Many people quite rarely treat a cough with addiction. If there are no strong cuts in the throat and sputum does not separate, then the cough treatment can be carried out by checked home methods or not at all to deal with this problem. And only when rare, but daily bouts of coughing worry for more than 1-2 months, many start to wonder what is its cause and why it does not get any easier. And the reason is that the person has already developed a chronic cough cure which is much more problematic than the usual negative manifestations of coughing. After all, a chronic cough is diagnosed only after the patient can confidently say that it lasts from 8 weeks. And now the additional concomitant symptoms of chronic cough have become fatigue, active causeless urination and the inability to retain fluid in oneself, excessive sweating, exhaustion of the nervous system, night sleep not bringing relief. And the cause of all negative manifestations is a chronic cough.

Causes of chronic cough

• Syndrome of postnal perforation associated with the course of the patient's allergy, a cold, rhinitis with a possible transition to sinusitis. In some cases, patients have a runny nose and excessive laryngeal swelling with mucous secretions. Chronic cough is quite frequent, but it is the main symptom of ongoing diseases.
• Asthma - almost always accompanied by characteristic wheezing, and in patients quite often there is shortness of breath. In most cases, a chronic cough weakens when the season changes and the humidity changes, or the irritating odor disappears. For adults, it is the second item on "popularity", but for children it plays a major role in the emergence of chronic cough.
• Reflux - the acid content of the stomach enters the esophagus and serves the development of infection. In this case, there is a constant sour taste in the mouth and a periodic uncaused heartburn, most often manifested after eating.
• Drugs cause a dry and nasal attack of chronic cough. Basically, the cause of cough are drugs prescribed for patients with high blood pressure. The transition from one medicine to another will change the situation in a positive way. Within a couple of weeks, the cough disappears without a trace, but only if the drug is completely suitable for the patient.
• Diseases of the lungs, caused by even a simple cold and infection of the contents of the lungs, can last more than 8-10 weeks. Accompanying signs are heavily inflamed respiratory tract, burning in the nasal sinuses and a copious rhinitis. Even getting rid of the accompanying symptoms does not guarantee that a chronic cough will pass.
• Lung cancer is accompanied along with a chronic cough by profuse hemoptysis. The most likely development of this disease in smokers.
• Chronic bronchitis occurs along with a chronic cough, and the release of small particles of thick sputum. Despite everything, in this case, a chronic cough caused a person to be or is a smoker.
• Poison cough that occurs as a result of a recent illness of the respiratory tract. This is one of many cases in which a chronic cough can disappear without a trace without additional treatment. Although effective treatment can be the use of bromide.
• Psychogenic cough caused by a psychological disorder. In this case, the chronic cough observed in the patient can last more than 3-4 months. It helps solely to eliminate the blocking situation due to which the cough has developed. It is established after consultation with a psychiatrist. In this case, the usual antitussive drugs do not help, and only the complex treatment of the problem is needed. This type of chronic cough is observed in children and adolescents, and for adults it is almost not typical.
• Bronchogenic carcinoma, one of the causes of causing chronic cough. Adhering to patients who have many years of cumulative experience. In this case, there may be a tumor in the bronchi or lungs

In order to properly diagnose the cause of chronic cough, ENTs work by exclusion. After examining the concomitant symptoms and excluding each and every sign, they diagnose the true cause that served as the basis for a chronic cough. Chronic cough, which lasts for more than 8 weeks, needs to be identified and examined using computed tomography, and also using lung radiography. In the absence of any pulmonary pathology, you can cure a chronic cough with simple and accessible means. In the presence of allergic pathology, appropriate functional tests are conducted to identify the cause of the pathology. Conducting spirometry or bodipletizmografiyu, you can appoint the necessary therapy, after the course of which the allergic cough that has passed into the chronic, disappears. If you suspect a gastroenterological pathology that promotes the development of chronic cough, you need fibrogastroscopy. A study is being carried out not only the esophagus, but also the duodenum with the stomach. Almost always, it is carried out under anesthesia. Regardless of which examination will be carried out, consultation with an ENT specialist is necessary to exclude various pathological causes of chronic cough development.

Chronic cough, must be treated systemically and under the supervision of a specialist. This problem should not be postponed "in the long box" otherwise its consequences will not be comforting. Human health is above all, so it must be valued and protected by any means.

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Why does not a dry cough go away? Causes of dry cough in children and adults

Coughing is a reflex, just like breathing itself. And his appearance indicates that there was some kind of pathogen - allergic, infectious, viral, that is, the cause of dry cough, serious or not very, which causes irritation in the respiratory tract and causes the body to clear them from the - allergen, infection, virus or foreign body.

Cough itself is not a disease, it is a symptom of over 50 different diseases or allergic manifestations, from common cold to tuberculosis, oncology, bronchial asthma or heart disease. Most often, a dry cough lasts for several days, moving into productive, moist with sputum, but can sometimes be prolonged. The duration of dry cough is divided into:

• Acute - which after a few days passes into the wet or passes
• Prolonged - which lasts from 3 weeks to 3 months
• Chronic - which lasts more than 3 months.

Let's see why the dry cough does not last a long time, which diseases are the cause of dry cough.

The main causes of dry cough associated with the respiratory system

The most common causes of dry cough are inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract, which are caused by viruses and pathogenic bacteria.

In this case, a strong organism with a strong immune system cope on its own, and if the immune response to the virus or infection is weakened, then antibiotics or antiviral drugs come for help with ARVI and influenza.

When parainfluenza and the flu should always consult a doctor, as these are very insidious diseases, which recently become very aggressive, leading to a mass of complications. How to distinguish the flu from ARVI read in our article.

If during the acute respiratory viral infection, flu or other infectious disease, a dry cough does not last for a long time, it can be caused by:

• firstly because the immune system in a person is significantly weakened
• secondly, that there are provoking factors that affect the duration of dry cough, they include: smoking and drinking alcohol, very dry air in the room and taking inadequate amounts of fluid for a cold or viral illness.
• thirdly, the attachment of a secondary infection or complication after a viral disease, when bacterial bronchitis, pneumonia, tracheitis, pharyngitis develops, etc.

Diseases of the pleura and lungs can also be accompanied by a dry, painful cough - pneumonia, pleurisy. Most often there is a high fever, shortness of breath, chest pain.

Atypical forms of pneumonia

It should also be borne in mind that a prolonged cough can be a consequence of mycoplasma and chlamydia, these pathogens can cause atypical pneumonia, bronchitis, which can occur for a long time, periodically recur. To differentiate the pathogen that caused pneumonia or bronchitis, you can take a blood test using ELISA.

Pertussis, measles, false croup

Pertussis can cause dry cough in children, and in adults. Pertussis is considered to be a childhood infectious disease, although vaccinations have reduced cases of whooping cough in children, however, they occur, in addition, weakened adults also occasionally have cases of whooping cough. With this disease, a convulsive cough is so severe that it often leads to vomiting. In this case, you should take antitussive remedies for dry cough, such as Sinekod, Libeksin, Bronholitin, and others.

In addition to pertussis, among childhood diseases characterized by a strong dry cough, measles and false groats can be identified. Measles, other than cough, is also characterized by rashes on the skin and mucous membranes (see Fig. symptoms of measles in children). With false croup, the vocal cords, larynx, trachea and bronchi are involved in the inflammation process, so it is characterized by a barking cough. This disease is more likely to affect children under 3 years old.

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis is a formidable disease that has also been epidemic in recent years, not only among people of low social level, as it is commonly believed, but also among the wealthy strata of the population, with the development of favorable factors for its progression. Constant nervous tension, stressful situations, lack of adequate nutrition and good rest, passion for various depleting diets, can lead to the development of tuberculosis even among businessmen and people of high social status.

By 20-30 years it is believed that each person is infected with a stick of Koch, but a strong immune system copes with it. It is only necessary to weaken the body and mycobacterium tuberculosis can become more active and cause pulmonary tuberculosis and extrapulmonary forms.

As for the dry cough, it can be caused by tuberculosis of the lungs, bronchi or trachea, larynx. It begins with a dry, unproductive cough, obtrusive coughing, weakness, while the temperature body is rarely more than 37.3-35.5 more often it rises to low-grade figures and only in the evening.

Tuberculosis can be the cause of dry cough in adults, as well as in children, which is especially dangerous, as tuberculosis today is not the tuberculosis that was 40 years ago. Now a large number of drug-resistant forms of this terrible disease are registered, which require a longer and expensive treatment, and in combination with other chronic diseases in the patient or HIV infection lead to death.

Laryngitis, pharyngitis, tracheitis

are also frequent causes of dry cough. With pharyngitis, the mucous pharynx is involved in the inflammatory process, and with laryngitis, the mucous larynx is involved. Both these diseases are both acute and chronic, cough while it is dry, barking, exhausting, intensifying at night. With frequent inhalation of dusty air, dry, cold, and also in the presence of irritating gases and vapors in the air, tracheitis can develop - both acute and chronic. There is also a painful dry cough.

Diseases of ENT organs

Against the backdrop of various diseases of the nasopharynx, such as sinusitis, sinusitis, or chronic rhinitis, allergic rhinitis, the appearance of night dry cough is due to the syndrome of postnasal swelling. When these diseases acquire a chronic course, not infrequently, the mucus that is separated from the nasal sinuses begins to flow down the back wall of the pharynx, it irritates the cough receptors in the tracheobronchial tree. This cough may seem productive and moist, since nasal mucus is released during cough, but this cough should be considered dry.

Oncological diseases of respiratory organs

Cancer of the bronchi, lungs, trachea, throat cancer, and mediastinal organs (organs located between the sternum and the spine - the heart, bronchi, aorta, etc.). If a long time does not pass a dry cough, he worries both day and night, should see a doctor as soon as possible, to pass the analysis of a blood, a roentgen of lungs, under indications probably MRT of organs of a mediastinum, a bronchoscopy, analyzes on onkomkker. With any chronic cough, it is necessary to find out the exact cause of its appearance, for today the oncological tension is getting stronger, the cancer appears even in young people, and everyone knows that the timely detection of cancer increases the chances of recovery or a significant prolongation of life.

Only on the basis of examination, the doctor can not establish the cause of a protracted cough - this is not possible, so you need to pass the tests and go through several examinations according to the indications - blood test, sputum, spirometry, x-ray, bronchoscopy, bodipletizmography, tussography, MRI, CT.

Causes of dry cough, not associated with inflammatory processes of the respiratory system

Allergic cough

In recent decades, the number of people suffering from various allergic reactions has increased significantly among the Russian population, especially in children. Almost all children today have any allergic reactions, if not food allergy, so allergy to dust, wool, pollen, ticks, etc. Pollinosis - a seasonal allergy to the pollen of flowering plants, which appears in spring and summer, has a very large number of people, it is manifested by sneezing, runny nose, tearing, itching mucous and dry allergic cough.

Bronchial asthma

a very common disease, characterized by a chronic, painful dry cough and attacks of suffocation. This disease can not be considered only a disease of the bronchi, it is a serious pathology, which is associated with a general violation of immunity, nervous system and allergy.

The impact of toxic substances in everyday life

household chemicals containing chlorine, washing powders, etc., the presence of cities in the air, megacities of the abundance of exhaust gases, leads to the emergence of an allergic dry cough. Also pay attention to when you started a dry cough, it may be somehow connected with the purchase of new furniture, new repairs, purchase of household appliances. Modern industry, especially the production of plastic, furniture, building materials, even children's toys, often uses an abundance of toxic chemical substances that can have an irritant effect on mucous nasopharynx, bronchi, causing chronic chemical poisoning. If there are a lot of such products in the room, they are new and exude a smell - this can be the cause of a dry cough.

Glistular invasion

Occasionally, cases of ascariasis are recorded, during which, during the migration of the ascarid larvae along a small circle of circulation, they linger in the lung tissue, causing a superficial dry cough. Getting into the lungs, the trachea and the bronchi, they cause irritation of the cough receptors, the migration phase with ascariasis is 8-14 days (see Fig. ascarids-symptoms and treatment).

Professional dry cough

The reason for its appearance may be related to work in harmful production, where in the air a mass of suspensions of toxic substances that cause dry cough in the workers is formed. Workers of the stone-working and coal-mining industry often develop silicosis of the lungs. Also among occupational diseases that cause dry cough is worth noting the disease of American farmers or fibrosing alveolitis, where dry cough is only a debut of pathology, the outcome of which is severe respiratory failure.

Some diseases of the gastrointestinal tract

Some diseases of the gastrointestinal tract provoke a dry reflex cough without temperature, it happens after eating with diverticula of the esophagus, esophagus-tracheal fistula, reflux-esophagitis.

Acceptance of certain medicines

as a rule, ACE inhibitors, which are used to lower blood pressure and treat other cardiovascular diseases. In 20% of patients, these medicines cause a dry cough, if after discontinuation of the drug it disappears, therefore, this cough was a side effect of the drug taken.

Cardiovascular diseases, heart failure may also be the cause of dry cough

The cause of allergies, a provoker of allergic reactions can be established with the help of tests, which will be directed by an allergist. It is worth to take seriously any manifestations of allergy, as it is not just a dry cough, runny nose or a rash, with a severe allergic reactions can occur anaphylactic shock, Quincke's edema, which without timely medical help can be fatal.

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