Asthmatic bronchitis symptoms and treatment in children

Asthmatic bronchitis: treatment. Bronchitis with asthmatic component

Asthmatic bronchitis is a fairly common disease of infectious and allergic origin. It is interesting that in this case the bronchi of large and medium sizes are most often affected. According to statistical research, the children are most vulnerable to junior and middle school age. Therefore, today many parents are interested in questions about what constitutes an ailment, and what methods of treatment modern medicine offers.

The main causes of asthmatic bronchitis

Asthmatic bronchitis is a disease of polyethological origin. Inflammatory process of the bronchial mucosa develops on the background of an allergic reaction. In this case both pathogenic microorganisms and non-infectious substances can act as allergens.

Quite often bronchitis with asthmatic components develops against the background of the transferred diseases - it can be influenza, SARS, laryngitis, tracheitis, measles, whooping cough and other viral, bacterial or even fungal infection. Risk factors can also include vaccinations, which sometimes cause asthmatic bronchitis in childhood.

As for non-infectious allergens, this role can play household and industrial dust, animal hair, pollen of plants (in such cases, exacerbations develop during the flowering season). Allergens can enter the body and through the gastrointestinal tract - for example, it can be food additives, some food, preservatives, etc.

Pathogenesis of the disease

The mechanism of the development of this disease is based on the increased sensitivity of the bronchi to the effects of certain components. In turn, such allergic reactions can have both an immunological and a neurogenic origin (most often these factors are present in the complex). As already mentioned, contact of the allergen with the antibody occurs in the tissues of large and medium bronchi - small-sized bronchi are not involved.

It should also be noted that allergic reactions of both immediate and delayed type are characteristic for this disease. The disease is accompanied by very characteristic changes - in particular, this spasm of the smooth muscles of the bronchial wall, as well as the violation of the normal patency of the bronchi. In addition, there is inflammation and swelling of the mucous membrane. Bronchial glands begin to produce an increased amount of secretion, which subsequently accumulates in the lumen of the bronchi, further breaking their patency.

Asthmatic bronchitis: symptoms of the disease

The clinical picture with such a disease is very characteristic. Most often, patients are diagnosed with chronic asthmatic bronchitis, in which acute attacks are followed by periods of relative well-being. As a rule, outside of exacerbations a person feels quite normal - only occasionally you can note lethargy, fatigue, increased irritability, and sometimes a strong sweating.

The acute period is accompanied by regularly recurring coughing attacks. At the same time, body temperature, as a rule, remains normal and only occasionally rises to sub-ferrile indices.

Most often, paroxysmal cough is preceded by some other symptoms. For example, patients often complain of unexpectedly developing perspiration in the throat, malaise, nasal congestion, sometimes serous-purulent rhinitis.

A coughing attack, as a rule, is provoked by physical stress, crying, laughter, crying or contact with an allergen. At first, a dry, unpleasant cough arises, which, however, can go to the wet one. During paroxysm, the breathing of the patient is greatly hampered. As a rule, the attack ends with the spitting out of the sputum - after that the person feels much better.

Features of asthmatic bronchitis in children

It is worth noting that asthmatic bronchitis in children is by no means a rarity. Moreover, the disease is most often diagnosed precisely in childhood. The clinical picture in this case corresponds to the above-described - acute attacks of a painful cough result in the spitting of phlegm. By the way, exacerbation can last from several days to several weeks.

In any case, it is necessary to understand that the sick child needs medical assistance. In the absence of treatment, there is a high probability of developing asthma, which is extremely dangerous.

Modern diagnostic methods

If you have any symptoms of the patient, you must show the doctor. Diagnosis in this case includes several basic steps. To begin with, the doctor will conduct a general examination. It is very important to collect a complete history and determine if the patient has a tendency to allergies. When auscultative examination you can hear hard breathing and wet rales.

Further tests are conducted. For example, a blood test will show eosinophilia, an increase in the level of histamine and some immunoglobulins. It is very important to determine the allergen that caused the reaction - for this purpose, as a rule, skin tests are carried out. In addition, the patient is taken sputum samples for bacterial inoculation - this makes it possible to determine the presence of infection, its variety, as well as sensitivity to a particular group of drugs.

Obligatory is also radiography of the lungs. In the presence of indications, other studies are being carried out - spirometry, pneumotachography, gas analysis of external respiration, etc.

Asthmatic bronchitis: treatment

After conducting a full diagnosis, the doctor will be able to make a final diagnosis and determine the choice of therapy. What kind of recovery requires bronchitis with an asthmatic component? Treatment in this case is complex and is selected individually.

First you need to eliminate the causes of the disease. For example, in the presence of infection, patients may be prescribed antibiotics. If the allergen has non-infectious origin, then you should try to reduce contact with it to a minimum. Patients are recommended to adjust the diet, regularly ventilate the house and work area, avoid contact with animals, etc. Besides Moreover, the treatment includes taking antihistamines that help prevent or stop the development of an allergic reaction.

In some cases, the procedure of hypersensitivity-for a certain time patients are given minimal amounts of allergen, which allows the body to get used to its effects.

In addition, asthmatic bronchitis in adults and children is treated with anti-inflammatory drugs - most often the drugs are administered by inhalation. The health massage will be positively affected by therapeutic massage. In addition, patients are recommended regular curative gymnastics, as well as special breathing exercises. Naturally, spa treatment is also desirable, which makes it possible to achieve maximum effect in a relatively short time.

Emergency help for an asthmatic attack

In fact, asthmatic bronchitis is rarely accompanied by acute attacks, because small bronchi in the inflammatory process are not involved. However, the risk of a bronchial asthma transition is high. If there is an attack of asthma, you must quickly call an ambulance or take the patient to the hospital.

If the attack is life-threatening, inhalation of oxygen is used as an emergency measure, which helps to prevent hypoxia. In addition, patients are administered selective beta-2 antagonists of adrenoreceptors, in particular "Fenoterol". In more serious cases, the patient is prescribed an injection of prednisolone - an anti-inflammatory agent of steroid origin, which gives a quick and lasting effect.

Folk remedies

Undoubtedly, there are many non-traditional means of treatment of asthmatic bronchitis. For example, at home, you can use inhalation with a soda solution. In the kettle you need to pour a glass of water and dissolve in it a teaspoon of baking soda. After the water starts to boil, put a paper tube on the nozzle of the kettle and breathe steam for ten minutes. This procedure facilitates the process of sputum discharge.

Teas and medicinal herbs will be useful. In particular, the flowers of St. John's wort and meadow clover are considered to be good expectorants. You can sweeten tea with honey, drink it necessarily in a warm form.

Forecasts for Patients

Asthmatic bronchitis is a very dangerous disease, therefore, in no case should you ignore the doctor's recommendations or refuse treatment. With properly conducted therapy, the prognosis for patients is quite favorable - most often the disease can be eliminated. Naturally, after the end of treatment, people are advised to follow certain rules. For example, positivity on the state of the immune and respiratory system is affected by stabbing, respiratory gymnastics, as well as regular spa treatment.

In some cases, the disease passes into asthma, which is much more dangerous. To the list of complications it is possible to add and chronic obstruction of the lungs.

syl.ru

Treatment and prevention of bronchitis with an asthmatic component

Bronchitis with asthmatic component treatment requires symptomatic, using traditional and folk medicine methods. Very often, against the background of influenza or acute respiratory viral infection, an inflammatory disease of bronchial tubes develops - bronchitis, which can occur in acute or chronic form.Chronic bronchitis with an asthmatic component is a dangerous disease.Especially often it is diagnosed in childhood. Chronic bronchitis has forms of remission and exacerbation. Provoke an exacerbation of hypothermia, increased physical activity, a viral infection. Very often the cause of bronchitis is an allergic reaction.

The danger of this disease is that often it is asymptomatic, the patient does not have a high temperature and signs of intoxication. A symptom that should alert is a persistent cough that intensifies at night. In this case, very often there is shortness of breath, which is accompanied by a whistle on exhalation, shortness of breath.

Forms of bronchitis with asthmatic components

The manifestation of the disease largely depends on the reasons that caused it:

1. It can be an allergic reaction, in which case it can be concluded that the form is atopic.
2. If the causes are viruses and allergies, then consider the infectious form of asthmatic bronchitis.
3. There is another form - pathomorphological. Violated patency of the bronchi, develops spasm and swelling of the mucous tissue. Sometimes against the background of this in the bronchi begins to form pus.
4. Often, bronchitis leads to serious complications from the cardiovascular system.

Methods for diagnosing this disease

In order to determine asthmatic bronchitis, you need to undergo examination with a specialist. If the disease is allergic, it develops as a systemic allergic disease. In this case, the therapy will be prescribed by an allergist.

One of the symptoms of asthmatic bronchitis is an increase in the size of the chest. At the same time, breathing becomes hard and is accompanied by wheezing and wet wheezing.

Very often, after an X-ray, emphysema is detected, a rarefied lung pattern is a characteristic feature. When conducting a general blood test, there is an increased amount of histamine, eosinophil, immunoglobulin.

One of the methods for diagnosing asthmatic bronchitis is to conduct a bacterial culture test. This allows you to determine the presence of infection, sensitivity to certain types of antibiotics. In addition, a study of the washing water is carried out.

How to cure asthmatic bronchitis

Treatment of asthmatic bronchitis should be started as soon as possible. His danger is that he can very quickly go into asthma. The main treatment for bronchitis is symptomatic. As a rule, this is the reception of drugs that facilitate the departure of phlegm. If the disease passes in severe form, then the administration of antibiotics is prescribed. It is very useful to conduct physiotherapy in the form of warming up, therapeutic gymnastics and massage.

Patients with asthmatic bronchitis are recommended treatment in a sanatorium.

Effective use and folk therapy. In particular, the use of decoctions and inhalations.

It is useful to take broths of anise, dill, thyme, licorice, mother-and-stepmother, oregano. It is very useful to drink juices.

Traditional expectorants considered the juice of black radish, onions and sugar, in the absence of an allergic reaction to bee products it is best to add them in honey.

How to deal with asthmatic bronchitis

As a rule, asthmatic bronchitis has a direct connection with an allergy. Therefore, taking antihistamines is mandatory. These include tavegil, suprastin, diazolin and a number of others. Expectorants include bronchodilators, antispasmodics, vitamins, mucolytics. The patient must necessarily have with him special inhalers, such as borotec, salbutamol.

A person who suffers from asthmatic bronchitis must completely change his way of life. Of great importance is the prevention of seizures, which can be life-threatening.

It should be regularly examined by a doctor, this will keep the disease under control.

.

Do not forget that asthmatic bronchitis is allergic in nature, so you need to eliminate the factors that can trigger an allergic reaction:

1. It is important to keep the room clean. Wool of domestic animals, fungi, cockroaches of litter are strong allergens.
2. Often an allergy attack can also cause pollen of flowering plants.
3. Do not take medications that are capable of provoking an allergy attack.
4. Care must be taken when working with chemical allergens.
5. It is extremely important to get rid of bad habits, especially from smoking. Tobacco smoke is an allergen.

It is very important to monitor your health. As a rule, the onset of an attack is accompanied by swelling of the tissues of the nose, and the patient has sneezing. Cough has a paroxysmal character, the skin becomes pale, a cold sweat appears. There is frequent urination, there is a seizure.

.

It is very important to stop the attack of itching at the very beginning, for this use the prednisolone nebulizer. It has an anti-inflammatory effect. As a rule, it allows you to quickly stop the attack. In the event that you can not cope with the attack, you should immediately call an ambulance.

Very often, the treatment of asthmatic bronchitis occurs long and hard. If you do not go through the course of therapy, then the seizures will repeat. Gradually bronchitis will pass into asthma. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to follow a diet prescribed by a doctor, have at hand drugs that allow you to time to stop seizures

respiratoria.ru

Causes, symptoms and treatment of asthmatic bronchitis

When diagnosing a disease such as asthmatic bronchitis, symptoms and treatment are of interest to the sick person first. This type of disease refers to an inflammatory disease of the respiratory organs of a chronic nature. There is an infectious or allergic condition, in which the edema and cramps of bronchi, having a large or medium size, are clearly pronounced. Attacks of suffocation for this type of disease, observed with bronchial asthma, are absent.

Modern pulmonology treats ailment as a form of bronchitis or pre-asthma. Asthmatic bronchitis is most often observed in schoolchildren. The disease develops due to the presence of such ailments as neurodermatitis, allergic diathesis and rhinitis.

Causes of the disease

The main cause of the appearance of the disease are allergens. But sometimes asthmatic bronchitis develops due to a viral, bacterial or fungal infection. It penetrates the human body through the respiratory and digestive organs. Allergic reaction occurs due to dust, pollen of various plants, poplar fluff. Provoke allergies can wool and animal feces, chemical additives and some food ingredients.

A medicine or vaccine can trigger the onset of the disease in young children. In some cases, there is a hereditary predisposition to an allergic reaction to objects or foods. Bronchi and trachea affects the staphylococcus a rod, which causes the disease. After such acute virus infections, as measles, influenza, whooping cough and bronchitis, this ailment often occurs. Reflux provokes the development of the disease. Seasons of asthmatic bronchitis are winter, spring and summer. In such periods, the probability of exacerbation of the disease increases.

Main symptoms

Asthmatic bronchitis is characterized by symptoms such as a recurrent course, during which periods of exacerbation and remission are observed. In the acute phase in an adult, one can observe a non-stop cough that can occur suddenly. His appearance provokes laughter, physical stress or crying. If there is a stuffy nose or the presence of gray-mucous rhinitis, the appearance of a cough can not be avoided. Dry cough turns to wet. When acute attacks are often observed shortness of breath, forced, wheezing and noisy exhalation, expiratory dyspnea, deposition of sputum. The relief comes after the listed symptoms.

The occurrence of such phenomena can be repeated several times. Noninfectious pathology is accompanied by an elimination effect, and if there is no allergen, coughing stops. Symptoms of coughing can worsen at a time when another time of the year, when there is a change in the diet, and when the place of residence changes. For an acute period of the disease, the duration is several hours (sometimes it takes up to one month). Bronchial asthma exacerbated several times, if not start a timely treatment. Characteristic for children is the development of traditional symptoms, which are accompanied by ailments that are allergic. This includes allergic diathesis, pollinosis, neurodermatitis. There are cases when in the human body there are polyorganic disorders, as well as changes in the vegetative and neurological nature. With these diseases, lethargy, excessive sweating and irritability are observed.

Disease definition

Doctors usually use some methods to determine the presence of ailment:

• determine the size of the lungs;
• determine the presence of sputum;
• consider bronchial water;
• find out what spirometry is;
• endoscopic examination;
• over the lungs check the box sound and the presence of breath, accompanied by a wet wheeze;
• often use X-rays, which gives a clear picture of the definition of the state of the lungs;
• use the patient's blood test.

Proper treatment of the disease

To prevent bronchial asthma, it is necessary to undergo a course of treatment with the use of certain drugs. They are inhalations that dilate the bronchi. Specialists often recommend the use of drugs such as Salbutamol (Saltos, Salben, Astalin). In addition, many patients on the appointment of a doctor during the disease use Fenkarolom (Berotekom). To prevent the development of an allergic reaction during an illness, it is necessary to use antihistamines.

.

When there are acute bronchitis, you need to use antibiotics. Only they can prevent the further development of infection. Antibiotics should enter the penicillin series and into the macrolith group. If there is a suspicion of the appearance of a viral infection in the body, it is necessary to use Kipferon, Viferon, Genferon. The use of various inhalations leads to the fact that the airways are moistened, the phlegm is diluted and easily leaves the human body, after which the patient feels more easily, and breathing becomes lightened.

Folk remedies for asthmatic bronchitis

Many folk remedies can save adults from a terrible illness that brings discomfort and inconvenience. Some tools can be considered in detail.

With such problems as laryngitis, coughing attacks, shortness of breath and bronchial asthma, use a turnip turnip garden. To do this, mix the juice of turnip with honey in the ratio: and take no more than 1 teaspoon 3 - 4 times a day.

Such herbs as St. John's wort, nettle, motherwort, eucalyptus, and also mother-and-stepmother, in the same the ratio is recommended to use when there is chronic bronchitis, having asthmatic component. One tablespoon of the collection should be poured with steep boiling water and then insist for 30 minutes. For infusion it is desirable to use a thermos bottle. The drug should be taken for 4 weeks, and then stop taking it for a while and, if necessary, re-use it for 4 weeks.The folk remedy should be taken until the patient completely gets rid of the disease.In some cases, the treatment will take a year.

To prevent an attack and sharp unpleasant pain, it is recommended to use milk with alcohol tincture of propolis. To do this, the milk should be heated and add to it an alcoholic tincture in the amount of 15 drops. You need to use the drug for half a cup during the attacks.

.

The best remedy for obstructive bronchitis is the inhaler. It should always be nearby, because it is considered a means of quick action. If suffocation comes suddenly, he will cope with the disease in a few seconds.

A patient who knows that he will have seizures, should carry the inhaler with him, wherever he is. The drug will help him in the most difficult situation.

In order to avoid the disease, experts advise tempering your body. In the daily routine should be introduced therapeutic exercise. After using water procedures, the human body is gaining strength and becomes strong. People who engage in various sports are less prone to various diseases.

respiratoria.ru

What is asthmatic bronchitis?

Asthmatic bronchitis is a pathology of inflammatory bronchi accompanied by difficulty breathing, coughing. This is a chronic form of the disease.

Asthmatic bronchitis is a disease of the upper respiratory organs, which has a chronic and inflammatory nature, allergic and / or infectious etiology.Bronchitis with an asthmatic component differs from asthma in that it is not accompanied by suffocation.

The disease is most often diagnosed in preschool children, as well as in primary school students, whose history includes such diagnoses as neurodermatitis, allergic diathesis and rhinitis.

In the course of the disease, there are 2 stages - exacerbation and remission. Stage 1 is caused, as a rule, by physical load, hypothermia, and viral infections. It is not excluded and the allergic nature of exacerbations. The disease can accompany a slight rise in temperature, the phenomenon of intoxication. Asthmatic bronchitis in the acute phase is manifested by persistent cough, which becomes stronger during the night. Breathing is difficult, accompanied by shortness of breath.

Remission is a period when the patient's well-being improves.

Causes of pathology

It should be remembered that the causes of such a disease as chronic bronchitis are quite numerous. That's why they say that it is a polyethological pathology, which is caused by agents of 3 types:

1. Infectious, arising from pathogenic staphylococcus. Often, bronchitis is a complication after such diseases as pneumonia, laryngitis, tracheitis, influenza, whooping cough.
2. Non-infectious - allergens. This can be house dust, pollen of plants and flowers, pet hair, down trees, food. In the case of development of chronic bronchitis with an asthmatic component in children, the disease is most often the result of vaccinal and / or drug allergies.
3. Hereditary.

The type of agent that caused the disease determines not only the course of the disease, but also the frequency and seasonality of the periods of exacerbation.

How does the disease originate and develop?

The impetus for the development of the disease is an increased reaction of the bronchi to various allergens, especially if immunity is weakened or there is inflammation. The immune conflict in the "allergen-antibody" line develops in medium and / or large bronchioles. Small bronchioles are not exposed to the inflammatory process. This explains why the clinical picture of the disease does not have bright bronchospasm. Therefore it is incorrect to say that asthmatic bronchitis is asthma. This is a kind of predatmatic state.

According to the type of immunopathological reactions, two forms of the disease are distinguished:

1. Atopic - on the allergen reaction develops quickly enough. The mucous membrane is characterized by pallor, swelling, segmental bronchi as a result of the edema narrowing, a large amount of viscous mucous secretion is formed in their lumen.
2. Infectious-allergic. Mucous edematous, mucopurulent secret is observed.

Symptomatic picture

Asthmatic bronchitis has phases of exacerbation and remission. In acute period in adult patients, the disease has such symptoms:

• coughing attacks that occur after laughter, crying, physical activity;
• serous-mucous rhinitis, nasal congestion - cough precursor;
• a slight deterioration in overall well-being;
• a slight increase in temperature;
• sore throat.

In the peak of exacerbation, patients can be observed:

• labored breathing;
• dyspnea;
• exhale with noise and whistle;
• copious sputum discharge.

With non-infectious form of the disease, stopping contact with the allergen, coughing attacks can end. In children, the symptoms of asthmatic bronchitis may be accompanied by manifestations of other allergic diseases.

Diagnosis of the disease

To diagnose "bronchitis with an asthmatic component" a patient should undergo examinations from 3 specialists: an allergist, a pulmonologist and an immunologist.

During listening, the specialist notes a hard breathing with wet whistling wheezing. The next mandatory examination is X-ray. With asthmatic bronchitis, the radiograph can show:

• rarefaction of the pulmonary pattern, its condensation;
• strengthening the pattern of the root of the lung.

Endoscopy is also mandatory for the proper diagnosis. Due to the variety of the picture that can be obtained, specialists are not based only on the results of endoscopy. When examining the patient's blood, an increased content of histamine, eosinophilia, an increase in immunoglobulins E and A.

If the allergic nature of the disease is suspected, the patient is assigned a skin test with the suspected allergen.

For infectious forms, sputum is examined and sensitivity to various antibiotics is determined.

.

Methods of treatment of pathology

Treatment of bronchitis with an asthmatic component is always complex and individual. In the acute phase of the pathology, expectorant medications must be prescribed. If there is a temperature - antipyretic agents. To remove the edema, it is recommended to perform inhalations using a nebulizer. In case of allergic form, antihistamines are used.

The patient in the acute phase should comply with bed rest, try to drink as much as possible. If an infection of any microbial nature is observed, appropriate therapy is prescribed.

.

When the phase of exacerbation passes, patients undergo an immunotherapy course. A study is being conducted to determine the allergen, which causes seizures. Recommended breathing exercises, chest massage.

respiratoria.ru

Similar articles