A good antibiotic for colds

Names of antibiotics for colds and flu

In the treatment of respiratory diseases, direct-acting drugs are used that affect the cause of the disease. They depress the pathogens. Such therapy is called etiologic. In the fight against the flu and cold the main thing is right - to choose the right medication. Some people, trying to get better sooner, begin to drink strong antibiotics from a cold at the first symptoms of ARVI. Is it correct?

When it is necessary to drink antibiotics for colds and flu

In most cases, respiratory diseases are caused by viruses to which antibacterial drugs do not work. Therefore, their reception from the first day of the disease is not justified. Therapy of respiratory diseases with antibiotics is justified, if on the 5th-6th day of the course of the flu or cold, the person's state of health is consistently poor. As a rule, these are symptoms of bacterial infection, which provokes the development of purulent sore throat, acute bronchitis, pneumonia.

Signs of complications of the flu and colds:

• after the onset of acute respiratory viral infection, the body temperature rises sharply after 5-6 days;
• general health worsens, fever, coughing, shortness of breath;
• pain in the throat, chest area, ears;
• enlarged lymph nodes.

When treating colds and flu with antibiotics, do not interrupt treatment while improving well-being. People who commit such a mistake then suffer twice as much. In this case, the improvement of a person's condition does not mean that the disease has passed. The batch of bacteria under the influence of antibiotics died, but another part of them adapts to the drug and begins to attack the weakened organism with new strength. This leads to a new round of disease with subsequent complications.

What antibiotics are better for taking cold?

For the treatment of respiratory diseases, bactericidal preparations are used to destroy pathogenic microorganisms. Antibiotics in the fight against colds and influenza are given the role of heavy artillery when there is a risk of acute complications. For treatment of respiratory diseases, three main groups of antibacterial drugs are used:

1. penicillinic - ampiox, augmentin, amoxaplav;
2. cephalosporins - cefotaxime, cefpyr, cefazolin;
3. macrolides - roxithromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin.

List of effective antibiotics for adults

For colds of bacterial origin, doctors prescribe antibiotics in extreme cases. Prolonged cough, prolonged angina, severe fever, stably high body temperature - these are alarming signs of the development of an acute disease. In this case, traditional antiviral drugs, immunostimulants, vitamins and medicinal herbs are powerless. For effective therapy, you need to know which antibiotic is better for a cold to an adult:

• amoxicillin;
• arlet;
• fleumoclave;
• rovamycin;
• azithromycin;
• hemomycin;
• suprax;
• cefepime;
• erythromycin;
• levofloxacin.

Names of good drugs for children

To treat bacterial diseases at an early age, antibiotics are used in extreme cases. With pneumonia, acute otitis, purulent angina, resulting from a respiratory illness, it is justified to take such drugs. The form of antibiotics is prescribed depending on the age of the child. Breastfeeding - drugs in pricks, older children - in pills. Babies do not always make injections, it is allowed to open the ampoule and give the child a medicine in the proper dosage. Baby antibiotics for colds:

• ampicillin;
• flemoxin solute;
• moximac;
• avelox;
• augmentin;
• zinnat;
• Macropen;
• gt;
• esparoxy;
• alpha normix.

Often parents mistakenly believe that antibiotic therapy is necessary for the successful treatment of influenza and colds in children. This is a misconception about the effect of antibiotics on the baby's body. In viral infections in children, the prescription of these drugs is unreasonable even at high temperatures, which persists for a long time.

Treatment with antibiotics of children leads to dysbiosis, weakening of the immune system, anemia. To conduct antibacterial therapy for babies is advisable exclusively in critical situations. For example, when there is aerobic streptococcal angina, acute otitis media, pneumonia, inflammation of the paranasal sinuses. The use of antibiotics to treat children with colds and flu without complications is justified when:

• expressed signs of reduced resistance to the body - a constant subfertile body temperature, frequent cold and viral diseases, HIV, oncology, congenital disorders of immunity;
• rachitis, malformations of general development, lack of weight;
• the presence in the history of the child of chronic recurrent otitis media.

Gentle medications for treating colds in pregnant women

When treating complications of respiratory disease in a woman in a position or nursing mother, take into account the effects of the antibiotic on the development of the fetus. For treatment select sparing antibacterial drugs. To find the right medicine, the doctor identifies the causative agent of the disease, its resistance to various drugs. If it is impossible to conduct such a study, prescribe sparing antibiotics for pregnant women:

• ampicillin;
• oxacillin;
• cefazolin;
• erythromycin;
• azithromycin;
• bioparox;
• minocycline;
• oxam;
• ericcicline;
• ristomycin.

To treat influenza and colds in pregnant and lactating mothers, in order to avoid the occurrence of dysbiosis, it is advisable to take drugs in the form of injections. To avoid allergic reactions, the use of antibiotic therapy is combined with antihistamines. From the diet of pregnant and lactating women, chocolate, citrus and coffee are excluded.

List of broad-spectrum antibiotics

In bacterial therapy for the treatment of complications of influenza and cold prescribe drugs aimed at inhibiting groups of pathogens. Such drugs are called broad-spectrum antibiotics. They help to cure the complications of influenza and acute respiratory disease. Cheap tablets are effective, as are expensive ones. These types of drugs are dispensed in pharmacies without a prescription. Before taking the drug, read the instructions and read reviews about antibiotics. A good drug has a small number of side effects. Antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action:

• amosin;
• beccampicillin;
• ospamox;
• eco-ball;
• zinforo;
• kefelim;
• flamixi;
• cefodox;
• klatsid;
• oleterin.

sovets.net

Antibiotics for colds and flu: what's better for adults

People with medical education know for certain that antibiotics for colds and flu are ineffective, and they are not cheap and harmful.

And doctors in polyclinics and those who have just finished medical high school know it.

Nevertheless, antibiotics are prescribed for colds, and some patients recommend these medications for the prevention of infections.

With a common cold without antibiotics, it's best to get by. The patient must ensure:

1. bed rest;
2. abundant drinking;
3. balanced nutrition with a high content of vitamins and minerals in food;
4. if necessary, effective antipyretic tablets or injections;
5. gargling;
6. inhalation and rinsing of the nose;
7. rubbing and compresses (only in the absence of temperature).

Perhaps, these procedures can treat cold treatment and limit it. But some patients persistently ask their doctor for a good antibiotic or a cheaper analogue.

It happens even worse, a sick person, in view of the fact that he does not have time to visit a polyclinic, begins self-treatment. The benefits of pharmacies in large cities today are every 200 meters. Such open access to medicines, as in Russia, is not found in any civilized state.

But for the sake of justice it should be noted that many pharmacies began to dispense antibiotics of a wide range of actions only on the prescription of a doctor. However, if you wish, you can always pity the pharmacist, referring to a severe illness or find a drugstore, which is much more important than the health of people.

Therefore, antibiotics for colds can be purchased without a prescription.

When should you take antibiotics for ARI and the flu?

In most cases, the common cold has a viral etiology, and viral infections are not treated with antibiotics. Tablets and injections of a wide spectrum of action are prescribed only in those cases when an attenuated organism has an infection that can not be defeated without antibacterial drugs. Such an infection can develop:

• in the nasal cavity;
• in the mouth;
• in bronchi and trachea;
• in the lungs.

In this situation, antibiotics for flu and cold are needed.

Laboratory methods of research, according to which you can judge the need to take antibacterial drugs, are not always appointed. Often polyclinics save sputum and urine on crops, explaining their policy by the fact that it is too expensive.

Exceptions are swabs taken from the nose and throat with sore throat on Lefler's wand (causative agent of diphtheria), selective crops urine in diseases of the urinary tract and selective seeding of the detachable tonsils, which are taken for chronic tonsillitis.

Patients undergoing treatment in the hospital are much more likely to obtain laboratory confirmation of microbial infection. Changes in the clinical blood test are indirect signs of bacterial inflammation. Having received the results of the analysis, the doctor can proceed from the following indicators:

1. ESR;
2. number of leukocytes;
3. an increase in segmented and stab-shaped leukocytes (a shift of the leukocyte formula to the left).

And yet antibiotics for colds doctors appoint very often. Here is an example of this, which is taken from the results of testing one child's medical institution. 420 outpatient cards of small patients from 1 to 3 years were analyzed. In 80% of cases, doctors diagnosed children with ARI, ARVI; acute bronchitis - 16%; otitis - 3%; pneumonia and other infections - 1%.

With pneumonia and bronchitis antibacterial therapy was prescribed in 100% of cases, but in 80% it was prescribed for both acute respiratory infections and inflammation of the upper respiratory tract.

And this despite the fact that the vast majority of doctors understand perfectly well that it is unacceptable to use antibiotics without infectious complications.

Why do doctors still prescribe antibiotics against influenza and colds? This happens for a number of reasons:

• reinsurance due to the early age of children;
• administrative settings;
• preventive measures to reduce complications;
• lack of desire to visit assets.

How can complications be determined without tests?

A doctor can determine by eye that an infection has become a cold:

1. the color of the discharge from the nose, ears, eyes, bronchi and pharynx from transparent changes to dull yellow or poisonous-green;
2. when a bacterial infection is attached, a second rise in temperature is usually observed, this is typical for pneumonia;
3. the urine of the patient becomes cloudy, a sediment can be observed in it;
4. in fecal masses there is pus, mucus or blood.

Complications that may occur after ARI are determined by the signs below.

• The situation is this: a person had an acute respiratory viral infection or a cold and was already recovering, when suddenly the temperature jumped to 39, increased cough, there was pain in the chest and shortness of breath - all these signs signal that there is a high probability of development pneumonia.
• If you suspect a sore throat and diphtheria, the temperature rises, throat pains intensify, tonsils appear on the tonsils, and lymph nodes increase on the neck.
• With an average otitis fluid is released from the ear, when pressing on the tragus in the ear there is a strong pain.
• Symptoms of sinusitis are manifested in this way: the patient has completely lost his sense of smell; In the forehead area there are severe pains that are worse when the head is tilted; the voice becomes nasal.

What antibiotics to drink for a cold?

Many patients ask the therapist this question. Antibiotics for colds should be selected, based on the following factors:

1. localization of infection;
2. the patient's age (for adults and children, his list of drugs);
3. anamnesis;
4. individual drug tolerance;
5. the state of the immune system.

But in any situation, only a doctor prescribes antibiotics for a cold.

Sometimes broad-spectrum antibiotics are recommended for use against uncomplicated acute respiratory diseases.

Against some diseases of the blood: aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis.

With obvious signs of weakened immunity:

• a subfebrile condition;
• catarrhal and viral diseases more than five times a year;
• chronic inflammatory and fungal infections;
• HIV;
• congenital pathologies of the immune system;
• oncological diseases.

Children up to 6 months:

1. against vaginal rickets;
2. against lack of weight;
3. against various malformations.

Taking antibiotics for colds is recommended for the following indications:

• Bacterial angina requires treatment with macrolides or penicillins.
• Purulent lymphadenitis is treated with a wide spectrum of action.
• Acute bronchitis, exacerbation of its chronic form, and laryngotracheitis bronchoectatic disease will require the appointment of macrolides. But it's better to do a chest X-ray, which will exclude pneumonia.
• With an acute average otitis, the doctor after the otoscopy makes a choice between cephalosporins and macrolides.

Azithromycin is an antibiotic for colds and flu

Azithromycin (another name Azimed) is an antibacterial preparation with a wide spectrum of action. The active substance of the drug is directed against protein synthesis of sensitive microorganisms. Azithromycin is rapidly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Peak action of the drug occurs two to three hours after admission.

Azithromycin is rapidly distributed in biological fluids and tissues. Before you start taking pills it is better to test for the sensitivity of the microflora that provoked the disease. Adult Azithromycin should be taken once a day for an hour before meals or three hours after it.

1. In case of infections of the respiratory tract, skin and soft tissues, a single dose of 500 mg is given on the first day of admission, and for three days the patient takes Azithromycin 250 mg per day.
2. Against acute urinary tract infections, the patient should once take three tablets of Azithromycin once.
3. Against the initial stage of Lyme disease, one tablet is also administered once.
4. With gastric infections caused by Helicobacter pylori, for three days the patient should take a single dose of three to four tablets.

The form of the drug - tablets (capsules) of 6 pieces per package (blister).

Other antimicrobial agents

If the patient does not have an allergic reaction to penicillin, antibiotics for influenza can be prescribed from a semi-synthetic penicillin series (Amoxicillin, Solutab, Flemoxin). In the presence of severe resistant infections, doctors prefer "protected penicillins that is, those that consist of Amoxicillin and Clavulanic acid, here is their list:

• Solutab.
• Flemoclav.
• Augmentin.
• Ecoclave.
• Amoxiclav.

With angina this treatment is best.

Names of preparations cephalosporin series:

1. Cefixime.
2. Ixim Lupine.
3. Panzef.
4. Supraks.
5. Zinatsef.
6. Cefuroxime axetil.
7. Zinnat.
8. Aksetin.
9. Super.

In mycoplasmal, chlamydial pneumonia or infectious diseases of ENT organs, the following medicines are prescribed:

• Azithromycin.
• Macropean.
• Azitrox.
• Z-factor.
• Hemomycin.
• Zitrolide.
• Zetamax.
• Sumamed.

Do I need to prescribe antibiotics? Influenza and ARVI them to treat is useless, therefore the given problem entirely lies on the shoulders of the doctor. Only a doctor who keeps a medical history and the results of a patient's analyzes can give a full account of the expediency of prescribing a particular antibacterial drug.

In addition, it is possible to use antiviral drugs that are inexpensive but effective in treatment, which suggests an integrated approach to influenza therapy.

The problem is that most pharmaceutical companies in the pursuit of profit now and then throw out into the wide sales network more and more new antibacterial agents. But most of these drugs for the time being could be in stock.

Antibiotics, influenza, cold - what conclusions can be drawn?

So, from all that has been said above, we can conclude that antibiotics should be prescribed only for bacterial infection. Influenza and the common cold are 90% viral, so with these diseases, taking medications antibacterial group not only will not bring benefits, but can provoke a number of side effects, eg:

1. decreased immune response;
2. oppression of kidney and liver function;
3. imbalance of intestinal microflora;
4. allergic reactions.

The administration of these drugs for the prevention of viral-bacterial infections is unacceptable. To take aggressive medications, which are antibiotics, is possible only in extreme cases, when there are all the indications.

The main criteria for the effectiveness of treatment with antibacterial drugs include the following changes:

• relief of the general condition of the patient;
• decreased body temperature;
• disappearance of symptoms of the disease.

If this does not happen, then the medicine needs to be replaced by another one. To determine the effectiveness of the drug from the beginning of treatment should take three days. Uncontrolled use of antibacterial medicines leads to a disruption of the resistance of microorganisms.

In other words, the human body begins to get used to antibiotics and each time demand more aggressive medications. In this case, the patient will have to prescribe not one drug, but two or even three.

All you need to know about antibiotics is in the video in this article.

stopgripp.ru

Whether to drink antibiotics at cold at children or adults?

Everyone who received a diploma from any medical institute is firmly aware and remember that antibiotics for colds, ARVI and flu do not help. This is remembered by doctors in polyclinics, practicing doctors in hospitals. However, antibiotics are prescribed and not infrequently simply prophylactically. Because when you go to a doctor at the hospital, the patient needs treatment.

And in cases with colds, acute respiratory viral infection, in addition to all known rules - abundant drinking, bed rest, vitaminized, limited (diet) meals, medicines and folk methods for gargling, nasal washing, inhalations, rubbing with warming ointments - nothing else is needed, that's all the treatment for colds and is limited. But no, a person expects medicines from the doctor, often just begging for an antibiotic.

Worse, the patient can independently start taking any antibiotic according to his experience or someone's advice. Appealing to a doctor today takes a long time, and medicines are very easy to acquire. No civilized country has such open access to medicines, as in Russia. Fortunately, today most antibiotics dispense prescription antibiotics, but there is always a chance get the drug without a prescription (having mercilessly dispensed a pharmacist or by choosing a pharmacy that values ​​its turnover).

As for the treatment of a cold in a child, here the situation is most often overshadowed by the fact that the pediatrician is simply reinsured, prescribes an effective, good, "child" antibiotic for colds for prevention, in order to avoid possible complications. If the child begins to drink abundantly, moisturize, ventilate the room, at high temperature give antipyretics for children, apply all known means for colds and folk methods - the body must cope with the majority of respiratory viral infections.

And why, then, did the pediatrician prescribe antibiotics?

Because complications are possible. Yes, the risk of complications in preschool children is very high. Today, not every mother can boast of strong immunity and the general good health of her child. And the doctor in this case is guilty, did not notice, did not check, did not appoint. Fear of accusations of incompetence, inattention, danger of prosecution pushes pediatricians to prescribe an antibiotic for children with colds as prevention.

It should be remembered that a cold in 90% of cases is of viral origin, and viruses do not cure antibiotics.

Only in cases when the body failed to cope with the virus and complications arose, bacterial infection, localized in the oral cavity, nose, bronchi or lungs - only in this case are shown antibiotics.

Can I understand by analysis that antibiotics are needed?

Laboratory tests that confirm the bacterial nature of the infection are not always performed:

• Since sputum cultures, urine for today is quite expensive for polyclinics and they are trying to save on them.
• Exceptions are smears from the pharynx and nose with angina to the stick of Lefler (causative agent of diphtheria) and selective crops of detachable tonsils with chronic tonsillitis or urine in pathologies of urinary tract ways.
• More chances to get bacteriological confirmation of microbial infection in hospital patients.
• Indirect signs of bacterial inflammation will be changes in the clinical blood test. Here the physician can orient on the rise of ESR, the increase in the number of leukocytes and the shift of the leukocyte formula to the left (increase of stab and segmented leukocytes).

How to understand by feeling that there were complications?

By eye, the attachment of bacteria can be determined by:

• Changing the color of the separated nose, pharynx, ear, eyes, bronchi - from transparent it becomes cloudy, yellow or green.
• Against the background of bacterial infection, as a rule, there is a repeated rise in temperature (for example, with pneumonia, which complicated ARVI).
• With bacterial inflammation in the urinary system, urine will most likely become turbid and a visible sediment will appear in it.
• When lesions of the intestinal microbes in the feces appear mucus, pus or blood.

Understand that there are complications of acute respiratory viral infection is possible on the following grounds:

• If after the onset of acute respiratory infections or cold after the improvement on day 5-6, the temperature rises again to 38-39C, deterioration of well-being, cough increases, dyspnea or chest pain occurs during breathing and coughing - high risk pneumonia.
• Increases in sore throat at high temperature or there are raids on tonsils, cervical lymph nodes increase - it is necessary to exclude angina or diphtheria.
• There is pain in the ear, which increases with pressure on the tragus, or from the ear flowed - the average otitis is likely.
• Against the backdrop of a cold there was a pronounced nasal voice, headaches in the forehead or face that intensify when leaning forward or lying down, completely lost the sense of smell - there are signs of inflammation of the paranasal sinuses.

Many ask the question what antibiotics to drink with a cold, what antibiotic is better for a cold? If complications arise, the choice of antibiotic depends on:

• localization of complications
• age of the child or adult
• anamnesis of the patient
• drug tolerance
• and of course, resistance to antibiotics in the country where the disease occurred.

The appointment should be made only by the attending physician.

When antibiotics are not indicated for colds or uncomplicated ARVI

• Muco-purulent rhinitis (rhinitis), lasting less than 10-14 days
• Nasopharyngitis
• Viral conjunctivitis
• Viral tonsillitis
• Tracheitis, bronchitis (in some cases at high temperature and acute bronchitis antibacterial drugs are necessary)
• Attachment of herpetic infection (herpes on the lips)
• Laryngitis in children (treatment)

When it is possible to use antibiotics for uncomplicated cases

• At the expressed signs of the lowered immunity - constant subfebrile temperature, more than 5 r / year catarrhal and viral diseases, chronic fungal and inflammatory diseases, HIV, any oncological diseases or congenital disorders immunity
• In a child under 6 months of age - rickets in infants (symptoms, treatment), various malformations, with a lack of weight
• Against the background of some blood diseases (agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia).

Indications for prescribing antibiotics are

• Bacterial angina (with simultaneous exclusion of diphtheria by taking swabs from the throat and nose) requires treatment with penicillins or macrolides.
• Purulent lymphadenitis requires broad-spectrum antibiotics, consultation of a surgeon, sometimes a hematologist.
• Laryngotracheitis or acute bronchitis or exacerbation of chronic bronchitis or bronchiectasis will require macrolides (Macropen), in a number of cases, an x-ray of the chest to exclude pneumonia.
• Acute otitis media - the choice between macrolides and cephalosporins is performed by an ENT doctor after otoscopy.
• Pneumonia (see p. the first signs of pneumonia, treatment of pneumonia in a child) - treatment with semisynthetic penicillins after radiologic confirmation of the diagnosis with mandatory control of the effectiveness of the drug and ray-controlled.
• Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses (sinusitis, sinusitis, etmoiditis) - the diagnosis is established by X-ray and characteristic clinical signs. Treatment is conducted by an otolaryngologist (see p. signs of sinusitis in adults).

Here is an example of a study conducted on the basis of data from a single pediatric clinic, when analyzing medical history data and outpatient cards 420 children 1-3 years old. In 89% of cases, children were registered with ORVI and ARI, 16% with acute bronchitis, 3% with otitis and only 1% with pneumonia and other infections.

And in80% of casesOnly with inflammation of the upper respiratory tract with acute respiratory illness and Orvi antibiotics were prescribed, with pneumonia and bronchitis in 100% of cases. Most doctors theoretically know about the inadmissibility of using antibacterial drugs for a cold or a viral infection, but for a number of reasons:

• administrative settings
• early age of children
• preventive measures to reduce complications
• reluctance to go for assets

they are still prescribed, sometimes in short 5-day courses and with a decrease in dose, which is highly undesirable. Also, the spectrum of pathogens in children was not considered. In 85-90% of cases it is viruses, and among bacterial agents it is 40% pneumococcus, in 15% hemophilic rod, 10% fungi and staphylococcus, less often atypical pathogens - chlamydia and mycoplasma.

With the development of complications against the background of the virus, only according to the doctor's prescription, according to the severity of the disease, the age, the patient's anamnesis, such antibiotics are prescribed:

• Penicillin series - in the absence of allergic reactions to penicillins, semi-synthetic penicillins can be used (Flemoxin solutab, Amoxicillin). In severe resistant infections among penicillin preparations, doctors prefer "Protected penicillins" (amoxicillin + clavulanic acid), Amoxiclav, Ecoclave, Augmentin, Flemoclav Solutab. This is the first-line drugs in angina.
• Cephalosporin series - Cefixim (Suprax, Pansef, Iksim Lupine), Cefuroxime aksetil (Zinacef, Supero, Aksetin, Zinnat), etc.
• Macrolides - are usually prescribed for chlamydial, mycoplasmal pneumonia or infections of the ENT organs - Azithromycin (Sumamed, Zetamax, Zitrolide, Chemomycin, Z-factor, Azitrox), Macropen is the drug of choice for bronchitis.
• Fluoroquinolones - are prescribed in cases of intolerance to other antibiotics, as well as with the resistance of bacteria to drugs penicillin series - Levofloxacin (Tavanic, Floracid, Haileflox, Glevo, Flexi), Moxifloxacin (Avelox, Plevilox, Moximak). The fluoroquinolones are completely banned for use in children, since the skeleton is not yet formed, and also because it is preparations "of a reserve that can be useful to a person when he grows up, in the treatment of infections with a drug stability.

In general, the problem of choosing an antibiotic for today is a task for the doctor, which he must decide in such a way as to maximally help the patient in the present and not harm in the future. The problem is complicated by the fact that in the pursuit of today's profits, farmkampanii absolutely do not take into account the seriousness of the increasing stability causative agents of diseases to antibiotics and throw out in a wide network those antibacterial novelties that could be for the time being in reserve.

If your doctor has prescribed an antibacterial drug, you should read 11 rules. How to drink antibiotics correctly.

Main conclusions:

• Antibiotics are indicated for bacterial infections, and the common cold in 80-90% has a viral origin, therefore their reception is not only senseless, but also harmful.
• Antibiotics have serious side effects, such as inhibition of liver and kidney function, allergic reactions, they reduce immunity, cause imbalance of intestinal microflora and mucous membranes in organism.
• The use of antibiotics as a prophylaxis for complications of viral-bacterial infections is unacceptable. The task of the child's parents in time to see a doctor, and the therapist or pediatrician in time to discover the possible deterioration of well-being of the child or adult and only in this case to accept "heavy artillery" in the form of antibiotics.
• The main criterion for the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy is a decrease in body temperature to 37-38 ° C, relief of the general condition, in the absence of this antibiotic should be replaced by another. The effectiveness of the antibiotic is estimated within 72 hours and only after this the preparation changes.
• Frequent and uncontrolled use of antibiotics leads to the development of resistance of microorganisms, and each time a person will require more aggressive drugs, often the simultaneous use of immediately 2 or more antibacterial means.

zdravotvet.ru

What antibiotic to drink from flu and cold?

Answers:

Just LANA

Antibiotics are designed to fight bacteria and therefore their use should be limited to the treatment and prevention of various bacterial infections. Infection of the infection is different and therefore the treatment of each case of the disease must come from a real picture of the disease. The culprits of most cases of colds, for example, are viruses, against which antibiotics are absolutely powerless, but as the disease progresses to a viral infection is attached bacterial and therefore in this case antibiotics can be used (in the event that the high temperature is kept more than 3 days). Amoxicillin, Erythromycin and many others. other antibiotics can help with the attachment of a bacterial infection. You Arbidol need to start drinking, use more liquid.

My friend

From the flu, no appointment, because it is not effective!
For cold, drink water and paracetamol!

Bully

Arbidol, remantadine, their doctor immediately prescribes, although it does not seem to be an antibiotic. In the pharmacy should advise.

Nastya

arbidol-excellent helps, axolin ointment - nose smear

Loutchik **********

Hungry for 2 days drink only water and everything will pass

Cat

Try Amoxicillin for 0.5 4 times a day. The first dose is 1.0 - shock.
If there is a homeopathic pharmacy there ask, there are directly miracle means, if there are no such pharmacies, then in usual buy Aflubin and according to the instructions actively, every 4 hours, drink drops.
And in the nose of IRS19.
quickly recover.

Yulia Timoshenko

If you can not do without antibiotics, then I would choose sumamed. New, modern, all collateral are kept to a minimum, and the course only three days. Action prolonged. Even my homeopathic doctor, although categorically against antibiotics, says that if you still have to take it, it's better that you do not have sumamed.

Tatiana yuzvyuk

The best antibiotic is a plant, for example Po Arco, without side effects and cluttering up the body with all sorts of rubbish.

Alyona Lareva

Antibiotics from viruses do not help, only from their complications. If you recently fell ill-Ingavirin according to the scheme in the instructions

entry

Antibiotics for viruses do not work.
It is necessary to drink antiviral drugs, doctors probably will laugh but fiz solution intravenously drip on 500 ml every day of day 4 not bad helps.
Well and so with antibiotics Ciproflox, Augmentin quite good ...

Big girls do not cry

no antibiotics for flu and cold are not prescribed. these diseases cause viruses, against which antibiotics are powerless.
Biseptol is generally a quiet horror. he has not been appointed for 100 years.

Alice Sweetheart

I join the answer above, antibiotics against viruses are useless, they will not lower the temperature, nor will the symptoms be removed. I drink Amiksin in such cases, quickly puts on his feet, there are no side effects.

List of broad-spectrum antibiotics of new generation

Antibiotics are called an extensive group of medicines, whose action is aimed at combating infectious diseases. In recent years, the list of these funds has undergone some changes. Antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action of a new generation have gained wide popularity. There are modern drugs that are aimed at eliminating the pathogen of a particular disease. The most preferable are narrow-acting drugs, since they do not affect the normal microflora.

How antibiotics work of the new generation

Medical personnel successfully use antibacterial agents due to the fact that the ongoing vital processes in the cells of the human body differ from similar processes of bacterial cells. These new generation drugs act selectively, affecting only the cell of the pathogenic microorganism, without affecting the human. Classification occurs depending on the way in which they affect the vital activity of microorganisms.

Some drugs suppress the synthesis of the outer cell membrane of the bacterium, which is absent in the human body. These include cephalosporins, antibiotics of the penicillin series, and others. Another group almost completely suppresses protein synthesis in bacterial cells. The latter include macrolides, antibiotics of the tetracycline series. The list of generic drugs is divided according to the principle of antibacterial activity. The instructions always indicate the area of ​​activity of the tablets.

Some drugs have a wide spectrum of action, showing efficacy against many bacteria, and others may have a narrow focus, aimed at a certain group of bacteria. Why is this happening? The fact is that viruses, bacteria are characterized by different structure and functioning, therefore, what the bacteria die from does not affect the viruses. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are used when:

• pathogens show resistance to the influence of a narrowly directed drug;
• Superinfection is revealed, the culprits of which are several types of bacteria;
• preventive maintenance of infections after surgical interventions;
• treatment is prescribed on the basis of clinical symptoms, that is, empirically. In this case, no specific causative agent is elucidated. This is appropriate for common infections, dangerous fast-flowing diseases.

Features of broad-spectrum antibiotics

Drugs of a wide range of action of the new generation are universal agents that can fight against otitis media, inflammation of lymph nodes, colds, coughs accompanying it, runny nose, etc. Whichever pathogen becomes the cause of the disease, the means will overcome the microbe. Each newly developed drug has a more perfect, improved effect against pathogenic microorganisms. It is believed that a new generation of antibiotics causes minimal damage to the human body.

List of new generation antibiotics with a wide spectrum of action

The list of existing wide-spectrum antibiotics of the new generation includes many drugs, both cheap and more expensive. The most frequent in use from all groups of preparations are penicillins, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins. They are available in the form of solutions for injections, tablets, etc. Medicines of the new generation are characterized by improved pharmacological actions, if they are compared with older medicines. So, the list is:

• group of tetracycline: "Tetracycline
• penicillins: Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Ticarciclin, Bilmycin;
• fluoroquinolones: Gatifloxacin, Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, and Moxifloxacin;
• carbapenems: Meropenem, Imipenem, Ertapenem;
• amphenicola: Chloramphenicol;
• aminoglycosides: "Streptomycin".

Names of narrowly directed strong antibiotics

The new generation of narrow-spectrum drugs are used when the infectious agent is precisely defined. Each drug acts on a certain group of pathogenic microorganisms. In contrast to broad-spectrum antibiotics, they do not contribute to the disturbance of normal intestinal microflora, do not inhibit immunity. Due to the deeper degree of purification of the active substance, the drug has less toxicity.

Bronchitis

In bronchitis, in most cases, antibiotics of a new generation of a broad spectrum of action are prescribed, but the choice of the drug should be based on the results of a laboratory study of sputum. The best medicine is that which has a disastrous effect directly on the bacterium that caused the disease. This approach is explained by the fact that the study takes from 3 to 5 days, and the treatment of bronchitis should be as early as possible so that no complications arise. The following antibacterial drugs are often prescribed:

• Macrolides - are prescribed for individual penicillin intolerance. Clarithromycin and Erythromycin are widely used.
• Penicillin - has long been used in medicine, in connection with which some microorganisms have developed resistance to the active substance. Therefore, the preparations were strengthened with additives that block the action of the enzymes produced by microorganisms in order to reduce the activity of penicillin. The most effective are "Amoksiklav "Panklav "Augmentin".
• Fluoroquinolones - are used to treat chronic bronchitis during an exacerbation. High efficiency is characterized by "Levofloxacin "Moxifloxacin "Ciprofloxacin".
• Cephalosporins - are prescribed in the case of obstructive forms of the disease. Modern antibiotics are "Cefuroxime "Ceftriaxone".

Sinusitis

At a genyantritis use such antibiotics of new generation, as cephalosporins and macrolides. These are the most effective remedies for sinusitis, which are used when there is no positive dynamics of treatment after penicillin. Modern antibiotics "Cefuroxin "Tsecefoksitin "Tsefahlor "Cefotaxime "Cefaxim" are pinched on structure penicillin preparations, but are capable to oppress development and completely to destroy bacteria. Such macrolides as "Macropen "Azithromycin" show high efficiency in severe cases.

Angina

Until recently, peroral antibiotics of the penicillin series were used to treat angina, as they showed the best results. But recent pharmacological studies have shown that new generation cephalosporins are more effective during the treatment of bacterial infections of the oropharynx. Their action is based on the inhibition of membrane synthesis of bacterial cells, and they have greater resistance to enzymes of microorganisms aimed at the destruction of the active substance.

Effective parameters are the preparation "Cefalexin which is characterized by a high degree of absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. The safest antibiotics for the treatment of tonsillar pathologies are macrolides. When they are used, there are no disorders of the digestive tract, as well as toxic reactions from the central nervous system. Macrolides include: Spiramycin, Leucomycin, Erythromycin, Aziromycin, Clarithromycin, Dirithromycin, and Indian Azitral.

Cold and flu

With colds and flu, the following imported and domestic antibiotics of the new generation show high efficiency:

• "Sumamed" refers to a number of macrolides. In the treatment of complicated colds, the patient is considered an alternative second-line drug. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, rarely causes intestinal and stomach disorders, it lasts for seven days after taking the last pill. Children can not be used.
• "Cefaclor" is an antibiotic of the second generation, it shows a high activity in relation to the majority of respiratory infections.
• "Cefamandol" is the second generation of cephalosporins, an antibiotic in injections of a wide spectrum of action, is characterized by a powerful bactericidal effect, is released in ampoules, is administered as intramuscular.
• "Rulid" is a macrolide antibiotic, it has a narrow spectrum of antibacterial action, limited by pathogens of inflammatory processes of ENT organs and respiratory infections.
• "Clarithromycin" is a semisynthetic macrolide in capsules, has antibacterial activity against most pathogenic microorganisms.
• "Avelox" - a strong pill-based antibiotic group of fluoroquinolones of the latest generation, has a rapid bactericidal effect.

Cystitis

Previously, traditionally used for the treatment of cystitis "Furadonin "Biseptol "5-Nok." However, they were replaced by new generation antibiotics, stronger, more effective. Modern medicines can improve the condition on the first day and quickly cure the disease:

• "Unidox Solutab" - effectively fights against cystitis, has a prolonged effect. It is taken once a day.
• "Monural" is a long-acting antibiotic, accumulated in the urine and rapidly destroying bacteria. Thanks to its ability to maintain a therapeutic concentration for a long time, it gives a short course of treatment.
• Norbaktin is prescribed less often than the previous two, because it needs to be taken twice a day and drink a lot of liquid, which is not always comfortable for the patient.

Antifungal drugs in tablets

Before the appointment of antifungal drugs should be set causative agent, because for each species has its own effective means and dosage. Modern drugs are divided by generation: if the first had efficacy in relation to some fungi, the following were created taking into account many types of fungal infection:

• First-generation antibiotic antibiotics - "Levorin "Nystatin "Amphotericin B". Used to treat dermatomycosis and thrush in gynecology.
• Antibacterial agents of the second generation - "Ketoconazole "Clotrimazole "Miconazole" for infections of the genitourinary system.
• The third generation - "Terbinafine "Antraconazole "Naphthyfin "Fluconazole".
• Antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action of the fourth generation - "Позаконазол "Вориконазол "Равуконазол "Каспофунгин".

Antibiotics for the eyes

In recent years, a number of effective antibiotic therapy of local, such as eye drops, and systemic application have been introduced into the practice of ophthalmology. The latter include "Maksakvin which is used to treat chlamydial conjunctivitis and bacterial keratitis. For local use, new ophthalmic ointments with a broad-spectrum antibiotic and drops "Tobrex "Okatsin "Vitabakt "Eubetal "Kolbiozin" are used.

Pneumonia

With pneumonia, new generation antibiotics show a persistent bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect on relation to streptococci, staphylococci, mycoplasmas, chlamydia, coliform bacteria and other micro-organisms:

• In case of predominance of gram-negative bacteria, "Cefotaxime "Ceftazidime "Ceftriaxone" are prescribed.
• With the predominance of Gram-positive cocci, "Cefuroxime "Cefazolin "Cefoksin" are prescribed.
• At the atypical course of the disease - "Azithromycin "Ceftriaxone "Midekamycin "Ceftazidim".
• In the case of the prevalence of fungal infection, adults are prescribed "Fluconazole" and third generation cephalosporins.
• Anaerobic infection - "Lincomycin "Metronidazole "Clindamycin".
• Cytomegalovirus pneumonia - Acyclovir, Ganciclovir, Cytotect.
• Pneumocystis pneumonia - macrolides and "Cotrimoxazole".

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