Nausea in ARVI

Symptoms of SARS: vomiting, headache, nausea and intoxication

ARVI in medical practice is a group of acute diseases that affects the upper respiratory organs, has a viral origin. To date, the causative agent of this disease is more than 200 species.

Among them is the flu known to everyone with its varieties, and the lesser known parainfluenza, rhinovirus and adenovirus infections.

Inevitable companions of ARVI are runny nose, shortness of breath, headache, chills, cough, sometimes vomiting and nausea. When the head is aching - this significantly worsens the patient's condition.

Therefore, the question arises, why there is a headache and what to do to get rid of it?

Causes and Symptoms

In the most specific cases, the transmission pathway is contact with an infected person. The patient constantly coughs and sneezes, as a result of which a huge number of viruses are released outside.

The surrounding people get infected immediately when they are next to the sick person. Or a little later, when the sputum gets to the floor, it dries out, and the air rises with dust. At the moment of inspiration, the viruses are drawn into the air, settling on the mucous membrane of the nose and throat.

Slightly less often, the transmission routes are household. That is, infection occurs through household items, dirty hands, dishes, toiletries and so on.

Since the moment the virus enters the body, it takes a little time to begin to multiply and have a negative impact on the general condition of a person.

The incubation period is from 2 days. After that, classical symptoms of acute respiratory viral infection begin to appear. At the end of the incubation period, the respiratory organs are affected, and the primary symptoms of the disease appear. Clinical picture of acute respiratory viral infection in adults:

• The body temperature rises sharply.
• Scrubs, pershit in the throat, less often shortness of breath.
• Sneezing, coughing, headache.
• Sears in the eyes, watering.
• The dream is broken.
• General intoxication of the body - weakness, apathy, lethargy, lax joints.
• Nausea, sometimes vomiting.

Intoxication, usually occurs after the primary symptoms, with the flu is very pronounced. Causes of occurrence:

1. Penetrated into the body of the virus, damages the epithelium of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract.
2. The self-harm mechanism is activated, as a result of which mucosal cells release damaged particles. Thus, the natural defense of the body decreases and vascular permeability increases.
3. At the same time, viruses are engaged in "poisoning" the body with the products of decay.

All these reasons lead to the fact that there is intoxication (poisoning) of the body, and the patient feels ill and lethargic.

Sometimes adults have diarrhea with ARVI. Usually it does not occur abruptly, at first the patient has nausea, then there may be vomiting and diarrhea. If such a symptom occurs, we can safely talk about intestinal poisoning caused by a viral infection (viral diarrhea, intestinal flu).

Typically, severe vomiting in ARI occurs due to a sudden rise in heat, and when there is a cough. Viscous and difficult to slime off, irritates the respiratory organs, which provokes strong and painful coughing attacks.

Severe vomiting occurs when a vomitive reflex is triggered, due to the transition of an irritant signal from the center of the cough to the emetic center.

In some cases, a person tears due to the accumulation of a large volume of mucous secretions in the nasopharyngeal cavity, coughing is not necessary in this case.

Often with a severe form of the disease in adults, dyspnea appears, that is, difficulty breathing, it seems like there is shortness of breath with bronchitis

Dyspnoea is inspiratory, when it is difficult for a person to breathe. Expiratory, it becomes difficult to exhale air, and mixed.

Why there is a headache in ARVI?

Practically every acute disease of the respiratory system is accompanied by such complaints of the patient as the head and vertigo are hurting. The appearance of such symptoms is influenced by the following factors:

• Intracranial pressure rises.
• Inflammation of the sinuses.
• General intoxication of the body.

Usually, improper actions of the patient lead to an increase in intracranial pressure. As you know, with any cold, there is a symptom such as a runny nose, which causes the patient to often blow his nose to get rid of accumulated mucus.

In not infrequent cases, applying to this incredible effort, and therefore there is such a pathological condition.

It is worth remembering that you can not blow your nose badly with a cold. Headache after intensive purification of the nose is not the worst thing that can happen. Too strong blows can provoke the ingestion of mucous masses in the paranasal sinuses, and sometimes, in the middle ear. As a result, ARVI can be complicated by otitis or sinusitis.

Inflammation of sinuses in adults also occurs due to a common cold. The thing is that the infection can "go" into sinusitis along the following path:

1. The paranasal sinuses and the nasal cavity are interconnected by narcotics - narrow canals.
2. After they are clogged, there is an accumulation of mucus in the sinuses, which leads to the formation of a focus of inflammation.
3. Mucus, accumulated in the sinuses, can not depart through clogged anastomoses, and pressure is created on the sinus walls, which is accompanied by pain.

Due to such processes in the body, if the head is tilted, the headache intensifies, because the pressure increases.

During an intoxication of an organism, all painful sensations amplify, the headache is not an exception. At some points, it can be said that not just a headache, but a split. All this is due to the fact that at the time of fever, the vessels expand.

The liquid (cerebrospinal fluid), located between the brain and the skull, begins to be produced with a doubled effort. Hence, therefore, the headache is aggravated.

What to do if your head hurts

With ARVI, there is usually enough quiet treatment to avoid severe discomfort. Enough to turn off the TV and other equipment, put the book aside and make the light less bright.

However, with influenza such actions will be few, the fact is that with this disease intoxication is more pronounced, the patient is shivering and fever, the headache is worse. On the forehead, you can apply a cold lotion, then massage the whiskey.

In the room where the patient is located, there should be an optimal temperature of the air, the room must be ventilated. After all, the lack of air leads to hypoxia, and the head hurts even more.

When the head hurts because of the heavily stuffy nose, it is necessary to arrange a nasal rinse with saline solution, after dropping the vasoconstricting drops, for example, Otrivin, Nazivin. The pressure of the liquid on the nasal sinuses will decrease, as a result of which the pain will also decline.

In the pharmacy you can buy everything known from childhood Zvezdochka. It contains aromatic oils, which give an irritating and distracting effect. You need to apply to the zones of the temples and the back of the head, but, quite a bit. After a short period of time, the head will stop hurting.

No less effective and distracting method of headache. If there is no heat, you can get your feet stuck or take a hot bath completely.

The liquid will wash out the toxins that appeared on the skin, help to expand the surface capillaries, and intracranial pressure will decrease.

Relief in ARVI comes necessarily, but, this method can not be performed with influenza.

Alternative medicine for headache

Proponents of traditional medicine, offer many recipes that help not only get rid of the headache, but also improve overall health. The most effective recipes:

• A distraction will give essential oils. They can rub the lobe of the ear, the back of the head, and the zone of the temples. Usually, after rubbing does not pass and half an hour, as the headache subsides.
• Massaging of reflexogenic areas. Circular and slightly pressing movements massage the point, which is above the upper lip in the middle.

In conclusion, it should be said that if all methods fail, the pain does not disappear and does not subside, but rather intensifies, it is necessary to consult a doctor. Only he will find out the cause of the pain, and recommend drugs that eliminate pain. About the prevention of ARVI will tell a specialist in the video in this article.

stopgripp.ru

SARS in children

Acute respiratory viral infections of ARVI in children occur in about 75% of all childhood diseases. Infections of the upper respiratory tract (acute respiratory infection (ARI), acute respiratory diseases (ARI), ARVI) - group acute infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract of different localization, etiology and symptoms.

ARVI - the most common infection on the globe. It is impossible to take full account of the true morbidity. Almost every person several times (from 4-8 to 15 times or more) in the year transfers ARVI mainly in the form of light and subclinical forms. Especially often ARVI are observed in young children. Children of the first months of life are seldom ill, because they are in relative isolation and many of them retain passive immunity received from the mother transplacentally in the form of IgG for 6-10 months. However, children of the first months of life can also be sick with ARI, especially if they are in close contact with patients. The reasons for this may be unstrained transplacental immunity or its complete absence, prematurity, primary forms of immunodeficiency, etc.

ICD-10 code J00-J06 Acute respiratory infections of the upper respiratory tract

Epidemiology of ARVI

According to statistics, a child can get sick from 1 to 8 times a year. This is due to the fact that the immunity produced in a child's body against a single virus is powerless before another infection. And the viruses that cause ARVI, hundreds. These are influenza viruses, parainfluenza, adenoviruses, enteroviruses and other microorganisms. And since parents often have to deal with ARVI, they should know as much as possible about this disease, about the mechanisms of its development and methods of combating viral infection in childhood.

The greatest incidence falls on children from 2 to 5 years of life, which is usually due to their visit to children's institutions, a significant increase in the number of contacts. A child who visits a kindergarten during the first year can get sick with ARI up to 10-15 times, in the second year 5-7 times, in subsequent years 3-5 times a year. The decrease in the incidence is due to the acquisition of specific immunity as a result of the acute respiratory viral infection.

Such a high incidence of SARS in childhood makes this problem one of the most urgent in pediatrics. Repeated diseases significantly affect the development of the child. They lead to a weakening of the body's defenses, contribute to the formation of chronic foci of infection, cause allergization, prevent preventive vaccinations, burden premorbid background and delay physical and psychomotor development children. In many cases, frequent ARVI are pathogenetically associated with asthmatic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, chronic pyelonephritis, polyarthritis, chronic diseases of the nasopharynx and many others diseases.

Causes of ARVI in children

Factors contributing to the emergence of SARS, pursue the child everywhere. To such reasons it is possible to carry:

• hypothermia, drafts, wet shoes;
• communication with other children, patients with ARI;
• a sharp change of weather, off-season (autumn-winter, winter-spring);
• lowering of the body's defenses;
• hypovitaminosis, anemia, weakened organism;
• reduced physical activity of the child, inactivity;
• improper hardening of the body.

All these factors are factors that weaken the body and contribute to the unhindered spread of the virus.

The causes of frequent ARVI in children - is the high sensitivity of the child's organism at any age, including the newborn baby. At the child frequent ORVI begin from the moment of receipt in a day nursery, a kindergarten or school. Diseases can be repeated by turns. This happens because the immune defense after a viral infection is produced from one type of virus. Penetration into the body of a new virus provokes a new disease, even if a short amount of time has passed after the previous one.

How long does it last for a child?

How long can a baby be infectious and how long does it last for a child?

As a rule, the more time passed from the moment of appearance of the first symptoms, the less likely that the child is infectious. That time interval when the diseased is capable to infect others, usually begins from occurrence of the first symptoms of disease or simultaneously with them. In some cases, the baby may still look "healthy but the disease process can already be started. It depends on many factors, including the resistance of children's immunity.

The initial moment of the incubation period (when the virus has already entered the children's body, but the disease has not yet manifested itself "in all its glory") is the moment of communication with an already infectious patient. Such a moment can be contact with a sick child in a kindergarten, or accidentally caught "sneeze" in a trolleybus. The final stage of the incubation period is completed with the appearance of the first signs of the disease (when complaints appear).

Laboratory tests can already indicate the presence of the virus in the body already during the incubation period.

The incubation period of ARVI in children can last from several hours to 2 weeks. This applies to pathogens such as rhinovirus, influenza virus, parainfluenza, paracoloss, adenovirus, reovirus, as well as a respiratory syncytial virus.

The period during which the child is contagious can begin 1-2 days before the first signs of the disease appear.

How long does it last for a child? If counted from the moment of appearance of the first symptoms, the period of the disease can last up to 10 days (on average - a week). In this case, depending on the type of virus, the child can continue to be contagious for another 3 weeks after recovery (disappearance of symptoms).

Symptoms of ARVI in children

Whichever type of virus is caused by ARVI, with the classical form of the disease, there are some common symptoms:

• "General infectious" syndrome (the child is shivering, can disturb the pain in the muscles, in the head, there is weakness, the temperature rises, the submandibular lymph nodes increase);
• defeat of the respiratory system (nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, cough dry or with sputum);
• damage to the mucous membranes (rubbing and redness in the eye area, lacrimation, conjunctivitis).

The first signs of acute respiratory viral infection in a child are often characterized by a sudden onset with a clearly marked "general infection" syndrome. With parainfluenza or adenovirus, the first signs are the defeat of the respiratory system (throat, nasopharynx), as well as the reddening and itching of the conjunctiva of the eye.

Of course, it would be easier for both parents and doctors if the ARVI period in children has always been classic. However, the children's organism is a very complex system, and its response to the penetration of a particular virus can not be predicted by one hundred percent. Each organism is individual, so the course of ARVI can be erased, asymptomatic, atypical or even extremely severe.

Since it is unlikely that the parents will be able to guess and predict the course of the disease, it is necessary to know about the conditions under which one will have to consult a doctor in the most urgent way.

Symptoms of acute respiratory viral infection in children requiring urgent medical attention:

• Temperature indicators have exceeded 38 ° C and little or no response to antipyretic drugs.
• The child is disturbed by consciousness, he is confused, indifferent, can faint.
• The child complains of a severe headache, as well as the inability to turn the neck or make an inclination anteriorly.
• On the skin appear vascular sprouts, rashes.
• There is pain in the chest, the child starts to choke, it is hard for him to breathe.
• There is a multicolored sputum (green, brown or pink).
• Appear edema on the body.
• Cramps appear.

Do not self-medicate, especially if it's about your child. Pay attention also to other organs and systems of the baby, so as not to miss the beginning inflammation.

Temperature in children with ARVI

Children are sensitive enough to an increase in body temperature: an excessively high temperature contributes to the occurrence of seizures in the child. Because of this, do not allow a temperature increase of more than 38-3 ° C.

The temperature should not be brought down to 38 ° C, as it is not necessary to interfere with the body to perform its work - to fight the penetration of the virus. This can provoke the appearance of complications. What you need to do:

• do not panic;
• monitor the state of the child - usually after 3-4 days the temperature should stabilize.

Prolonged ARI in a child with a non-decreasing temperature may indicate the attachment of a bacterial infection. It also happens that when the temperature after the virus infection dropped, the kid seemed to be on the mend, but after a few days he got worse again, and a fever appeared. In such a situation, do not hesitate to call a doctor.

In the classical course of acute respiratory viral infection, the temperature can not last more than 2-3 days, maximum - five days. During this time, the body must overcome the virus, having developed its own antibodies to it. It is important: do not specifically knock down the temperature to normal, you can only lower it, so that the body continues to fight with the infection.

Cough with ARVI in children

Cough for ARVI in children is a fairly common symptom. Usually it is present against a background of fever, a cold and other signs of the disease. With the onset of the disease, a dry cough (without sputum) is observed. Such a cough doctors call unproductive: it is hard to tolerate by the child, can disturb the calm of his sleep, negatively affect the appetite.

In the classical course of acute respiratory viral infection, after 3-4 days the cough passes into the productive stage - sputum appears. But it should be borne in mind that not all babies can cough it out. For this reason, the child needs help: regular chest massage, light gymnastics, and when a coughing fit the baby should be given a vertical position.

Typically, cough with viral infections lasts up to 15-20 days, but if it lasts more than three weeks, you can suspect a chronic cough. In such cases, it is necessary to have a competent consultation of a children's pulmonologist and an allergist, as well as the appointment of a complex therapy.

Vomiting in a child with ARVI

Vomiting in a child with ARVI can occur simultaneously with the appearance of high fever and cough. With difficulty, the departing sputum, dense and viscous, irritates the respiratory system and provokes a fits of painful coughing in the child. The gag reflex works as a result of the transition of the excitatory signal from the cough centers to the vomiting centers. In some cases, vomiting can occur due to the accumulation of a large number of mucous secretions in the nasopharyngeal cavity, but in this case, vomiting appears without coughing. Most often, vomiting on the background of a cough is not abundant, the child does not seem to be relieved.

It is important to distinguish when vomiting is associated with the simultaneous excitation of cough and vomiting reflex, and when vomiting can be a sign of poisoning or a disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, it is necessary to show the child to the doctor, otherwise it can provoke the appearance of unwanted and sometimes severe complications.

Rashes in children with ARVI

If there was a rash in the ARVI in a child - this is a direct reason to call a doctor. It is possible to list several variants of the causes of the appearance of rashes during the illness:

• intolerance to any of the medications taken by the baby;
• an allergic reaction to food that parents usually give the sick child (raspberries, oranges, lemons, garlic, ginger, etc.);
• high temperature, which contributes to increased vascular permeability - in such cases, the rash resembles a different hemorrhage on the skin.

There are also more serious causes of the rash. For example, this is the joining of meningococcal infection: such a rash is usually accompanied by hyperthermia and vomiting. In any of the options, if a rash is found on the child's body, all measures should be taken to deliver the baby to the infectious department as soon as possible. You can simply call an "ambulance" and describe the symptoms of the disease. To delay in this case it is impossible.

The abdomen is sick at an ORVI at the child

Quite often, parents are faced with a situation when the abdomen is sick during ARVI in a child. The pains are most often coelike and localized in the zone of the projection of the large intestine. Doctors can explain this symptom by the combined reaction of the lymphatic system of the intestine and appendix. For the same reason, ARVI can be complicated by an attack of acute appendicitis. In this situation, the most competent act of parents can be a doctor's call to the house, and if the pain in the abdominal area increases, then it will be necessary to call for an emergency.

A large amount of acute respiratory viral infection, accompanied by abdominal pain, can also be accompanied by diarrhea. Diarrhea in ARVI in a child is caused by cramping spasms in the intestine - the reaction of the child's body to the disease. However, most often diarrhea and abdominal pain provoke drugs that the child is forced to take. For example, if a baby is prescribed antibiotics or antiviral drugs, then it can gradually lead to a violation intestinal microflora, or manifest as a reaction of the hypersensitivity of the digestive system to certain types medicines. In any case, a doctor's consultation is mandatory.

Conjunctivitis in children with ARVI

Unfortunately, conjunctivitis in ARVI in a child occurs in almost all cases of the disease, especially when attacking adenovirus infection. Signs of conjunctivitis become noticeable immediately. Initially, a viral infection that provoked ARVI affects one eye, but after one or two days another eye is affected. Both eyes of the child blush, itch, there is a feeling of "sand" in the eyes. The kid squints, rubs his eyelids, constantly cries. Eyes can be covered with crusts, and in the corners can collect light discharge.

Such conjunctivitis gradually passes and independently, as the child recovers from ARVI. However, to alleviate the condition of the baby and eliminate itching and discharge from the eyes faster can help special children's medicines - an antiviral ophthalmic ointment or drops that can be easily purchased in pharmacies.

However, in some cases, conjunctivitis can be the result of an allergic reaction in the child. In this state, the baby not only has lachrymation and reddening of the eyes, but swollen lower eyelids. It is characteristic that allergies affect both eyes simultaneously. If this happens, urgent medical consultation is needed, identification and elimination of contact with a potential allergen, prescription of antihistamine eye drops and medications.

Features of ARVI in children

Children at different ages may respond differently to the appearance of signs of ARVI.

• SARS in an infant may manifest symptoms such as a child's anxiety, poor sleep, loss of appetite; frustration of defecation, excessive tearfulness and capriciousness. Such changes in the behavior of the infant should cause suspicion in the mother, since the baby can not explain his state of health with words.
• SARS in a month-old baby can flow with difficulty nasal breathing, as the baby can not breathe with his mouth. How to suspect that the child has a stuffy nose? The baby becomes restless when sucking, often refuses to eat and repels the breast or bottle. In such cases, it is necessary to clear the nasal passages.
• SARS in a 2-month-old baby can characteristically manifest as shortness of breath with a prolonged wheezing - this symptom is often called an asthmatic syndrome. At the same time, symptoms of intoxication are expressed: grayness or cyanosis of the skin, lethargy, apathy, fever.
• ARVI in a 3 month old child often occurs with a defeat of the respiratory system, which can be complicated by unskilled help with bronchitis or pneumonia. Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to the difficulty of swallowing and nasal breathing of the child, to regularly measure the temperature. Breastfeeding during this period is extremely undesirable, as the mother's milk in this case will be the best medicine for the baby.
• SARS in a 4 month old child is accompanied by a lesion of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx and bronchi, which manifests itself as a runny nose and cough. You can see an increase in submandibular or parotid lymph nodes, spleen. Often develops conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis, which is expressed in the redness of the eyes and continuous lachrymation.
• ARVI in children up to a year can be complicated by croup - a condition when the larynx becomes inflamed and swollen, namely, the zone that is directly under the vocal cords. This condition is explained by the fact that in small children this zone contains a large amount of loose fiber, which easily swells. At the same time, the guttural lumen is not large enough. Croup often develops at night, so parents should pay attention to suddenly beginning "barking" cough, heavy breathing, attacks of suffocation, anxiety, cyanosis of lips child. If such signs are observed, it is necessary to urgently call an ambulance.
• ORVI at the child 6 month - the period when the kid has already entered or introduces the prikorm. Often at a six-year-old age, a viral infection is accompanied, in addition to the defeat of the respiratory system, by the involvement of the digestive system in the process. This can manifest as signs of acute gastritis or enteritis: there are pains in the abdomen, upset of the stool.
• SARS in a child 1 year can be repeated from 1 to 8 times a year, depending on the immunity. Starting from this age, it is very important to start hardening procedures and strengthen the immune system of the baby so that his body can withstand numerous viruses and bacteria. It is especially important to protect the baby in the autumn-winter and winter-spring period.
• SARS in a child 2 years is more often accompanied by laryngitis (inflammation of the larynx), tracheitis (inflammation of the trachea - respiratory tube), or a combination of these diseases. Signs of such defeat - a hoarse voice, dry compulsive cough. Of course, a 2-year-old kid can not yet communicate his complaints coherently. Therefore, parents should closely monitor the condition of the child. If there is difficulty breathing, the intercostal spaces are blurred, the wings of the nose inflated, an "ambulance" should be urgently called.
• SARS in a child of 3 years usually begins in a rise in temperature towards evening. There is a pain in the head, the baby feels apathetic, tired, listless. Most often the disease appears in the season of epidemics, so the diagnosis is easy. The severity of the condition determines the child's well-being.

If you notice any uncharacteristic or suspicious symptoms in the child - be sure to call an "ambulance". Do not be afraid once again to disturb the doctor: the main thing is the health of your baby.

Repeated ARVI in a child

Repeated ARVI in a child is not uncommon, since children are usually very susceptible to a viral infection. Babies are prone to infection with the virus from the first weeks of life, but in the first three months they are not ill as often as in older age. The tendency to the disease is especially pronounced at the age of six months to 3 years, then the susceptibility decreases somewhat, although this may depend on the individual immunity of the organism.

Why there are repeated ARVI? The fact is that immunity has specificity in relation to certain types and even types of viral infection. Such immunity does not differ in resistance and duration. And in combination with a large number of varieties of the virus creates a large percentage of the probability of repeated diseases.

ARVI in a child can occur as a single case, or as a result of a mass epidemic, which often happens in a children's team. That is why the child's morbidity rises, as a rule, with the beginning of visiting a kindergarten or other pre-school or school institutions.

Where does it hurt?

Chest pain

What's bothering you?

Cough Shortness of breath

Complications of ARVI in children

According to statistics, at least 15% of all diseases of ARVI in childhood leave behind complications for other organs and systems of the body. For this reason, do not forget that in children, acute respiratory infections can occur with an elevated temperature of not more than five days. A longer rise in temperature above 38 ° C may indicate the occurrence of complications or the addition of another disease. Sometimes the temperature seems to go down, but after 1-3 days it rises again: there are symptoms of intoxication, such as tearfulness, pallor, lethargy, increased sweating. The child refuses to eat and drink, becomes indifferent to what is happening. What can be complications of ARVI in children?

• Cough after ARI in a child in some cases can mean the transition of the disease to bronchitis or even pneumonia - the viral infection progresses gradually down the respiratory tract. First, there may be a clinical picture of laryngitis (dry cough, hoarse voice), then tracheitis (painful cough, vocal functions are restored), and subsequently bronchitis. The main sign of bronchitis is cough. At first it is dry and coarse, phlegm gradually begins to form and cough. The difficulty of breathing is added, the temperature rises again, sweating, fatigue. If the child has frequent and heavy breathing (sometimes the baby seems to "grumble"), then bronchiolitis or pneumonia can be suspected. Consultation of a doctor is mandatory.
• The rash in a child after ARVI can be a consequence of several reasons. For example, it can be the attachment of diseases such as rubella, measles, herpes (baby roseola), enterovirus infection, scarlet fever, etc. Or maybe an allergic reaction to drugs, for example, antibiotics. The exact cause of the rash should be determined by the doctor.
• Arthritis after SARS in children can appear after a long illness. Such arthritis is called "reactive". Symptoms of reactive arthritis may appear several days or even weeks after recovery. Usually there is pain in the joint (usually in the morning). It can be a hip joint, knee, ankle, etc. The child hardly gets out of bed, when walking limps, complains of severe pain. Diagnosis of the disease and begin treatment can child rheumatologist, based on the examination and the results of some tests.

Also complications of SARS can be sinusitis (inflammation in the paranasal sinuses) or otitis media. To suspect such diseases it is possible on a constant stuffiness of a nose against a background of a headache, or on shooting pain in an ear along with depression of hearing and feeling zalozhennosti.

Diagnosis of acute respiratory viral infections in children

The main task of the tests conducted for the diagnosis of acute respiratory viral infection in children is the determination of the type of pathogen. Depending on this, a further treatment regimen will be prescribed.

The most common tests for children with ARVI are a general blood test, a general urine test, and immunological tests to detect antibodies to a viral infection.

What indicators usually indicate ARVI?

General blood analysis:

• erythrocytes - the norm or increase due to a deficiency of fluid in the body;
• hematocrit - the norm or increase (with fever);
• leukocytes - the lower limit of normal or lower, indicating a viral etiology of the disease;
• the leukocyte formula is the prevalence of lymphocytes, a slight increase in monocytes;
• eosinophils - a decrease in the number or complete disappearance;
• neutrophils - decrease in quantity;
• ESR in children with acute respiratory viral infection is increased, but for viral infection this indicator is not specific.

General urine analysis:

• changes are not specific, sometimes - a small amount of protein in the urine, which passes after recovery;
• possible, but not at all necessary - a small microhematuria.

In rare cases, ketone bodies can be found in the blood or urine - acetone and acetoacetic acid - chemical complexes, which are formed in the liver when digested in the digestive tract food. Acetone in ARVI in children can appear in different concentrations, and since this substance is initially toxic, its presence in large quantities can cause symptoms of poisoning in the child (in particular, vomiting, as well as the smell of acetone from the mouth or from urinary excretions). Definition and treatment of acetone in blood or urine should be handled exclusively by a medical specialist.

Immunology is an analysis of immunoglobulins M (already released at the initial stages of the disease). This analysis is taken twice - with the first symptoms of acute respiratory viral infection and a week later. Such a study allows you to accurately identify the pathogen. Nevertheless, the immunological method is not always used, but only with a severe and protracted course of the disease.

What it is necessary to survey?

Bronchi Trachea Larynx

How to inspect?

X-ray of lungs Examination of respiratory (lung) organs Bronchoscopy

What tests are needed?

Sputum examination

Who to contact?

Infectionist Pediatrician

Treatment of ARVI in children

Children with a mild and moderate form of SARS can be treated at home. Hospitalized only in the following cases:

• with a severe form of the disease, or in the presence of complications (inflammation of the lungs, croup, etc.);
• at the age of a child under 1 year, or from 1 to 3 years;
• at unsatisfactory epidemiological and material conditions.

The standard of ARVI treatment in children provides, first of all, the removal of intoxication of the body. To do this, use a lot of warm drinking, complex multivitamins, and in more severe cases - in / in the introduction of glucose and blood substitutes. At high temperature, antipyretic drugs may be used in the form of tablets or rectal suppositories, and in severe cases, as intramuscular injections.

During the period of fever the child is shown bed rest. In the absence of complications, antibiotics and sulfonamide preparations are usually not used, but in In some cases, they are still prescribed to young children, since the recognition of a complication in an infant very difficult.

The protocol for the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections in children with complications includes the appointment of bronchodilators (for pneumonia or bronchitis). Antibiotics are used with caution, taking into account the allergic inclinations of the child. When stenosis of the larynx they use sedative drugs, antispasmodics, in severe cases, inject hydrocortisone.

Modern treatment of ARVI in children implies the appointment of drugs aimed at eliminating the main symptoms of the disease. What are these drugs:

• antitussives in the form of syrups, chewing or ordinary tablets;
• Warming creams or balms based on natural ingredients, which are rubbed into the skin of the chest;
• other warming procedures (mustard or compresses) according to indications;
• vitamin preparations to strengthen the immune forces.

More details about the drugs in ARVI, we'll talk below.

Drugs for the treatment of acute respiratory infections in children

All anti-virus products are divided into 4 categories:

• homeopathic antiviral agents;
• especially antiviral medications;
• interferons and interferon stimulants;
• means, stimulating immunity.

Let's consider separately all these categories.

1. Homeopathy in ARVI in children. Most often, Viburkol suppositories, Ocilococcinum and Aflubin are prescribed from this category of medicines, EDAS-103 (903) or Gripp-Heel funds are slightly less common. Homeopathic specialists say that the listed homeopathic remedies stimulate the protective function and this is often true, although the pharmacodynamics of these drugs studied. As a rule, homeopathic remedies have an effect already at the first methods of the preparation.
2. Specific antiviral agents. In pediatrics, antiviral drugs like Arbidol, Rimantadine, Ribavirin and Tamiflu are more often used (in some cases also Acyclovir, according to the indications). These drugs inhibit the entry of the virus into cellular structures, block the reproduction of the virus, but they have a different spectrum of activity and are not intended for all children's age groups.
3. Interferon drugs and their stimulants are probably the most popular group of antiviral drugs. For example, Viferon in ARVI in children suppresses the development of the virus and destroys it in 1-3 days. Interferons are able to rid the body of a viral infection, both during the incubation period, and from any period of the disease. In addition to injection of interferons, the most interesting are suppositories of Viferon, suppositories of Kipferon and nasal droplets of Grippferon. Perhaps the only contraindication to the use of these agents may be an allergic tendency organism of the baby to the ingredients of medicines, especially to the components of candles - cocoa butter or confectionery fat. By the way, medications that activate the production of interferons (Amiksin, Neovir, Cycloferon) It is recommended to use only for prophylaxis, but not for ARVI treatment, because of the slow action of such preparations.
4. Immunostimulating drugs - Isoprenosin, Riboxin, Immunal, Imudon, Metuluracil, Bronchomunal, IRS-19, Ribomunil and others. One of the most popular listed medications, isoprinosine in ARVI in children is used more as a prophylaxis, however, like other immunostimulants. The reason is that the effectiveness of the action of immunostimulants is observed only after 14-20 days from the beginning of immunostimulating treatment. Also, these drugs can be used to restore the body after recovery.

As you know, antibiotics for ARVI in children with a classical course of the disease are not prescribed, since they have nothing to do with a viral infection. Antibiotic therapy is used only in case of complications, or if they are suspected: most often prescribe drugs-derivatives of ampicillin.

Nutrition for children with ARVI

Nutrition for ARVI in children is about the same as with a common cold. The main condition - the baby should be offered food only if there is an appetite. Do not feed the child by force.

You can not also give your child harmful products: chips, soda. It shows an abundant warm drink and easily digestible food, rich in vitamins, for example, vegetables, fruits, berry purees and jellies.

Young children are advised to offer apple compote without sugar, decoctions of dried fruits. In the absence of allergies to berries, you can prepare morsels or berry jelly, or simply give warm mineral water without gas.

As a drink for children from 3-4 years to make compotes, you can use apricots, cherry plum, pears (if there is no allergy). You can offer a weak green tea - it contains antioxidants, which help remove toxins from the body.

It is desirable to avoid broths and infusions from strawberries, currants - such berries are more allergens. Replace them with bananas, grapes or kiwi.

Diet for ARVI in children should contain easily digestible and healthy food:

• products for cooking dishes should preferably be mashed and mashed, the food should be light and soft;
• in the period of illness, try to avoid buying baby food, it is better to cook yourself from fresh porridge products, puree, mashed soups;
• at the stage of recovery it is important to enrich the diet with proteins, so use white meat, minced meat or boiled egg white as food additives;
• children from 3-4 years can be offered lean fish, such as pike perch, cod, etc .;
• do not forget about sour-milk products - they will support the balance of microflora in the intestines. Suitable fresh yogurt, natural yogurt, low-fat cottage cheese, acidophilic mixture. To such products, you can add a spoonful of honey (in the absence of allergies);
• As the child recovers, return to normal nutrition, but do it gradually so as not to burden the body.

Be reasonable in choosing food for your child in ARVI: food should be nutritious, vitaminized, varied, but you should not overeat and use harmful foods.

In addition to treatment

Antibiotics for ARVI Than to treat? Ibunorm baby Pakseladin

Prevention of ARVI in children

Prevention of acute respiratory infections in children is mainly aimed at increasing the resistance and strengthening the immunity of the child's body. What measures have a preventive focus:

• tempering (outdoor games, reception of air baths, cool showers, walking on grass without shoes, night rest in a cool room, swimming in pools and open water);
• stabilization of digestive processes (consumption of vegetables and fruits, adherence to diet and drinking, support of intestinal microflora);
• regulation of stool, normalization of nutrition;
• ensuring a full sleep (rest not on a filled stomach, ventilated air in the room, enough sleep).

Preventive measures should be carried out systematically, without forcing the child, and explaining to him the need for a procedure for maintaining health.

If necessary and a poor state of immunity, you sometimes have to resort to the use of drugs that stimulate immune defense.

Preparations for the prevention of acute respiratory infections in children

Immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory and adaptogenic ability has a special multivitamin complex Vetoron. It is prescribed internally from the age of 5 to 3-4 drops, and from 7 years - 5-7 drops per day, or in capsules from 6 years of age from 5 to 80 mg once a day.

It is recommended to take ascorbic acid, retinol and B vitamins in a dose according to age. The best proportion of the abovementioned vitamins is presented in the preparations "Undevit "Complevit "Hexavit". Dragee take from 2 to 3 times a day for a month. In the autumn-winter period it is useful to give the baby a rose hip syrup in an amount of 1 h. l. per day.

Recently, drugs-adaptogenes, which stimulate the body to resist infection, are very popular. We bring to your attention the schemes of taking the most popular drugs of this category:

• Immunal - intake inside 1 to 3 years - 5-10 cap., From 7 years - 10-15 cap. three times a day;
• Drops of Dr. Tays - inside with a one-year age of 10-20 cap. three times a day;
• Drops Hexal - inside by 6 drops from 12 years of age twice a day;
• Tincture of aralia - from 1 to 2 cap. / Year of life, once a day for half an hour before meals, for 14-20 days.

As an emergency preventive measures, it is possible to take medicines based on medicinal plants (color chamomile, sage, calendula, colanchoe, garlic or onion), or local immunocorrective agents (Immu- don, IRS-19).

ARVI in children are prone to relapse, so you need to find your prescription for prevention, which will allow you to forget about the disease for many years.

ilive.com.ua

Vomiting, nausea, temperature, then at? rum poisoning, what are the assumptions?

Answers:

♍Galina Zhigunova♍

My assumption is that it is a pancreatitis, I personally have been ill with them since my earliest childhood and just as I am suffering at its aggravation, I also have no abdominal pain.
Therefore, call a doctor at home, or "an early disease is very serious.

Mashka Musya

a typical acute respiratory viral infection most likely. address to the therapist and he will put the exact diagnosis

Julia Musikhina

this intestinal flu seems... I with the daughter in January laid in hospital at it or her there were same signs ...

Klimanov Valery

It looks like ARVI or something ate.
Warm water drink with lemon in large quantities!

Irish Cream

Maybe intestinal flu!!! Call a doctor, do not pull!

Information: symptoms of SARS and treatment of the disease

SARS symptoms are similar to those of other diseases. In autumn, these infections often overtake us. Distinguish the symptoms of acute respiratory viral infection is very simple by some features. More often than other people with acute respiratory viral infections, symptoms are observed in the elderly and people with weakened immunity.

Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) is a common name for all colds, taken in medicine. Children are more susceptible to such diseases, since they are more often supercooled and have not yet fully formed protective functions of the body.

Treatment of acute respiratory infections can be performed both with medicinal preparations, and with the help of folk remedies. The latter is increasingly chosen by parents, trying to protect their children from the side effects that arise when using medicines.

ARVI - general symptoms

ARVI diseases can be caused by various viral infections. Acute respiratory disease (ARI) caused by viruses is also part of the ARVI group. Such diseases are very contagious, because they are transmitted through the air when coughing and sneezing patients.

SARS affect and develop inflammation of the larynx, nasopharynx, bronchi and trachea. Depending on the causative agent, five major diseases are distinguished: influenza and parainfluenza viruses, rhino and adenovirus infections, coronoviruses.

ARVI symptoms have the following, common to all, signs, they can be called and symptoms of ARI:

• nasal congestion;
• irritation of the throat causing cough;
• dry cough with the development of the disease becoming wet;
• fever and fever, chills usually occur with a sudden increase in body temperature;
• a strong headache is supplemented by the feeling that the bones ache, in fact, this pain is caused by the muscles and joints;
• weakness, malaise, fatigue.

With intensive development of the disease, nausea and vomiting are possible, and diarrhea can be a characteristic sign.In some cases, lymph nodes become inflamed.

If the signs of the disease are not expressed strongly enough, the patient, as a rule, considers himself healthy and tolerates ARI on his legs. However, this is dangerous for others, because a sick person himself is the distributor of viral infections. Treatment of ARI is not very difficult, but relatively long.

Any form of ARVI disease develops from the moment of infection from 2 to 5 days. The period of incubation of diseases directly depends on the infection that has settled in the body.

ARVI are divided into several groups. Infection of rhinovirus (cold) is the easiest form of infection, which, as a rule, is transferred to the legs, as it is not accompanied by severe malaise. This disease goes by itself during the week and does not depend on the use of any medication.

When coronavirus infects, the disease has the same symptoms as in the above-mentioned cold caused by rhinovirus. But it lasts, usually, less than 6 days.

When infected with adenovirus infection, the patient typically complains of pain or pain in the eyes. These signs easily allow to reveal adenovirus even at the primary examination at the doctor. This infection can cause redness of eyeballs and lachrymation.

.

Infections of influenza and parainfluenza cause the patient a sharp dry cough, which appears seizures. This cough is often called barking. This is the hardest-transported virus from all the common diseases.

Sources, causes and diagnostics of ARVI

Diagnosis is often an ambiguous task, because distinguishing the symptoms of one virus from the manifestations of another is difficult, because all forms of SARS have almost identical symptoms.

Seasons change periods, when the human body adapts to the new climatic conditions, cold season, insufficiently strong immunity, are the main reasons for the penetration of viruses into our organism. In adults, such diseases are less pronounced than in children. This is due to the fact that the child is physiologically still not strong in the body and is more susceptible to viral diseases. Just like children, elderly people risk getting the disease for the same reason: weakened body and lack of immunity.

ARI is a more common name for ARVI and includes, in addition to viral infections, bacterial infections as causative agents, so diseases caused by acute respiratory viral infection are often called ARI. Carriers of ARVI, in rare cases, can be not only a person, but also animals and birds. Infection occurs, as a rule, by inhalation of contaminated air, but can also occur through objects, for example, a patient's handkerchief. Such a method of transmission of infections in medicine is called a contact-household way.

For this reason, it is often resorted to diagnostics in the laboratory, in order to accurately determine the virus that caused the disease based on the analyzes. For such studies, blood is taken for analysis and the presence of antibodies produced by the body as a reaction to a particular virus is detected.

On the other hand, it is not difficult for an experienced specialist to distinguish between diseases caused by various viruses. Here are a few symptoms characteristic of pathogens that are part of the main group.

The flu virus causes pain over the eyebrows. The patient may complain of pain in the eyes. Parainfluenza distinguishes patients with a sharp barking cough. Rotavirus, in most cases, leads to a loose stool, while the patient may be bothered and vomiting with nausea. The companion of adenovirus infection becomes conjunctivitis.

Since the correct diagnosis is the basis for the treatment of any disease, let us dwell on consideration of the distinctive features of the course of diseases caused by various pathogens or viruses.

Differences of ARI caused by viruses of influenza

Despite the fact that there are a huge number of viruses, united by the common name of ARVI (there are about 300 of them), we will consider the characteristic symptoms of diseases caused by several of the most common viral infections. This, as already mentioned above, adenoviruses, rhinoviruses, influenza, parainfluenza, rotaviruses and coronaviruses.

There are three types of influenza: the viruses with the index either A, or B, or C. All of them are distinguished by characteristic features. The virus with index C is the most stable. He is unchanged and most adults to him have formed immunity. This virus is typical for children.

Influenza virus with index B is more variable than virus C. This means that it can be mutated. That is, if you have developed immunity to one type of virus B, then to its altered form you already may not have immunity.

Influenza A with index A changes or mutates continuously, so it is impossible to develop persistent immunity. All flu epidemics familiar to us were caused by its modification with index A.

These were the characteristic features of the behavior of the viruses themselves. But the diseases caused by various viruses take place in different ways, that is, they have different symptoms.

For example, the same flu begins to manifest itself suddenly, it would seem, for no apparent reason the temperature rises, the body is shivering, there are signs of acute intoxication, expressed pains in the head and in the muscles. An ache in the body and dry cough at the beginning, which is aptly called barking. When you cough, you may feel pain in your chest. In this case, other symptoms such as nasal congestion and sore throat, are expressed very implicitly. These symptoms appear with the flu, but somewhat later.

These signs distinguish the course of influenza from other respiratory viral infections such as rhinoviruses, adeno and rotaviruses, parainfluenza. The distinctive features of which will be considered below. Respiratory viruses are called so because they cause respiratory, that is, causing damage to the upper respiratory tract (nasopharynx, throat, trachea and bronchi).

.

What symptoms help to recognize other ARVI

It remains to consider the characteristics of the course of respiratory diseases caused by other viral infections: adenoviruses, coronaviruses, rhinoviruses and parainfluenza.

When the rhinovirus is ill, the patient continually sneezes, spreading the infection throughout the room. Dryness in the throat causing perspiration also brings an unpleasant sensation. Characteristic signs are pain when swallowing, an unpleasant aftertaste can be felt in the mouth. After a while, there are abundant discharge from the nose. The disease occurs at a relatively low temperature, not exceeding 37.1 degrees.

Adenovirus manifests itself in the form of enlarged tonsils in the sky. It is difficult for the patient to swallow. After some time, pain in the eyes is disturbed. Abdominal pain and stool disorder, enlarged lymph nodes, are all signs of adenovirus infection.

Coronavirus infection causes an acute infectious disease characterized by signs of intoxication of the body and damage to the upper respiratory departments. Cough, pain and wheezing in the chest, arising from breathing.

Symptoms of parainfluenza most often appear in people visiting public institutions, for example, children's institutions. Parainfluenza has symptoms of intoxication, but they are less pronounced than with influenza. The disease caused by parainfluenza proceeds more easily than the flu, but the treatment is usually more prolonged. Coryza, dry cough, coarse voice - these are the symptoms that betray parainfluenza from the first minutes of its manifestation.

The choice of method and means for the treatment of acute respiratory viral infection is based on the analysis of various symptoms characterizing the course of the disease. Professionally approach to treatment and make a correct diagnosis can only a qualified doctor. After all, in addition to the experience at the disposal of doctors there is a laboratory base for carrying out the necessary studies.

Symptomatic treatment and prevention

The basis of treatment for the appearance of signs of acute respiratory viral infection is symptomatic treatment. Such treatment is a procedure for the removal of symptoms and involves the use of antipyretic and pain medication, the use of drops of cleansing of the nasal congestion, for this purpose can be used and sprays. Syrups and medicinal herbs in the form of decoctions and infusions help to get rid or ease cough.

In ARVI, you must follow certain simple rules. Exclude the possibility of cooling the body: wear socks made of wool, wrap your throat with a warm scarf, drink more hot, warming drinks containing a lot of vitamin C.

.

With a symptom of pain in the throat, it is rinsed with the help of decoctions of medicinal herbs: chamomile and sage, or simply a solution of salt and soda in warm boiled water.

Cough can be treated with inhalation, for this steam will come from freshly cooked potatoes. You can use and decoctions of mint or calendula.

Symptomatic of the common cold can be removed by warming the nose. For example, you can put the heated salt in a bag and attach it to the nose for a while. This will ensure the release of the nose from the snot. You can also apply a nose wash, for example, with a solution of a small amount of salt in warm water.

For the general strengthening of the body, weakened by the disease, it is useful to drink vitamin drinks enriched with trace elements. For this purpose, mineral waters, various natural freshly squeezed juices, diluted with warm water, fruit cocktails from forest berries will suit.

.

To remove symptoms of acute respiratory viral infection in children and adults, common paracetamol is often used. It is harmless, it gives good results and can be used to treat babies even three months old.

To prevent the recurrence of the disease and possible complications, preventive measures are used. Avoid direct contact with patients and crowded places. Wear a protective dressing. Observe personal hygiene. Strengthen immunity.

respiratoria.ru

How to "remove" or "loosen" the nausea in ARVI, so as to at least eat?

Answers:

Elena Pankiv

try polysorbent, should help relieve the symptoms of nausea. drink more liquid (tea black sweet or green with mint)

Labaz

this is a consequence of neurotoxicity
hunger is the defense of the body
he helps recovery

Veronica

If it is difficult for you to eat, then it is worth eating very small portions of 4-6 times a day and you need to eliminate fatty foods from the diet, replacing it with vegetables and meat broths. Still need as much as possible to drink hot tea, cranberry juice and other drinks, rich in vitamin C, more about how to cope with ODS can be read on the site cytomed.ru and there you can get a free consultation doctor.

No appetite. Sick of eating any (I'm not pregnant) I'm after OV I. How to regain strength and appetite? then I lost weight.

Answers:

Nastya Litunovskaya

walk with a friend for support and support in the park 2 hours daily and eat through the force

Canny

walk in the fresh air, active lifestyle and fruit burst

Sergey Tyazhkun

Here fat cows envy you!

Kocharova Irina

Vitamin suppositories. can be in the form of a dragee, can be in the form of fruit

Kristina Ermakova

more rest. there is a little. vitamins chicken broth

petya

After ARI this is a normal reaction. And try to catch your appetite with apples, juices, etc.

... Vice President ...

Walking in the evening, in the morning ...

Cat

Side effects of medications as a result of "treatment" of ARVI, the liver is contaminated.

Aida Shakaeva

Cahors, but to take it not in the store, but in the church

Alexander Lozin

We need vitamins! Eat more vegetables and fruits. In the worst case, vitamins in tablets. More walk, sleep, less nervous

Irishka

I here itself only after a severe cold-6 days the temperature was... And also such were the symptoms after. I got out of this so-must for lunch necessarily eat with Mezim Forte 1 tablet, because the body is very weak and it is difficult to digest food (it told me the enemy). On the street to leave necessarily, though, and weakness. And of course there is fruit.

Mature Shark)))))

We must start on a little. Better with chicken broth. 5-6 spoons for the beginning, and the stomach is already "working". You can not eat at all, you are wasting energy, but you get nothing in return... will faint at best. Ask your relatives, let them brew you broth. (I after a severe respiratory trouble begin with it or him I start a food the ...)

ewgeny gasnikov

A pinch of nutmeg (ground or crushed) on the tongue and a drink
1/4 cup hot water.
2. Dry mandarin crust, with a thumbnail to chew up
appearance of gruel, swallow without washing down.
These remedies help cope with nausea.

Similar articles