How to treat otitis media of the middle ear

Ear Otitis: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment. How to treat otitis with folk remedies

Otitis is a disease that occurs because of the development of the inflammatory process in various parts of the hearing organ. Most often this illness manifests itself with pain and intoxication syndrome, fever, and in some cases even hearing impairment is observed.

Why there is an external otitis

Often the otitis of the external ear is accompanied by lesions of the middle and outer parts of the organ. An external disease can develop as a result of an infection that penetrates tissues through minor scratches that occur when the outer shell is damaged. The cause of this can be thermal, chemical burns, mechanical injuries and so on. In this case, the main causative agents of the disease are staphylococci and streptococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus and so on. Also, external ear otitis most often occurs in people who suffer from metabolic disorders in the body, hypervitaminosis, gout and diabetes.

It should be noted that this ailment begins with an inflammatory process, which initially captures only the surface layer of shells. Gradually, the otitis is transferred to the surrounding tissues. Often, the disease spreads to the eardrums.

Causes of otitis media

As for otitis media, it develops mainly due to infections of the nasopharynx. In this situation, the causative agent of the disease penetrates into the middle ear cavity through the auditory tube. In this case, the agents of ARVI will cause otitis media. Treatment will be aimed at eliminating the underlying disease. What provokes such a disease? Often the middle ear otitis occurs with parainfluenza, influenza, rhino- and adenovirus infection, respiratory syncytial disease and others. Also, this ailment develops in diseases caused by such bacteria as hemophilic rod, moraxella, streptococcus pyogenic, pneumococcus.

Most often there is an average otitis of the ears in children, since the auditory tube is short and wide. It is worth noting that the infection can penetrate and outside with a barotrauma of eardrums or mechanical damages. Also, this infectious disease is promoted by such infectious chronic diseases as adenoids, sinusitis, tonsillitis.

In the beginning, the otitis media of the middle ear occurs as an inflammatory process on the mucous membrane of the organ. At the same time, active fluid production takes place. In viral diseases, exudate is serous. If the process is caused by various bacteria, then purulent otitis of the ear may begin with the corresponding secretions. Often, the accumulated fluid causes protrusion of the tympanic membrane. In extreme cases, it breaks. This is what is the main cause of hearing loss in the middle ear otitis.

Main symptoms and signs of external otitis media

With this disease the patient suffers from severe pain in the area of ​​the auricle or inside the organ. Often patients complain of itching of the skin. At the same time, from the external part of the auditory organ there is separation of putrefactive secretions, which have a rather unpleasant odor. With the development of external otitis often there is an increase in temperature to subfebrile indicators.

Main symptoms and signs of development of otitis media

Begins otitis media of the middle ear acutely. In this case, strong painful sensations of the shooting or pulsating character are manifested. This disease causes a rise in body temperature, usually up to 38 ° C and above. There are also symptoms such as intoxication, manifested by muscle pain, loss of appetite, headache, weakness. Often, when otitis media appear signs that correspond to acute respiratory infections, such as coughing, swelling in the throat, runny nose. In this case, the patient is greatly concerned about the decrease in hearing, noise and stuffiness in the ears.

In newborns, the otitis media of the middle ear appears slightly differently. The child is constantly naughty and worried. In this case, the baby is not able to suck. A few days later the perforation of the eardrums takes place. As a result, the pain sensations decrease. From the ear canal, fluid gradually begins to flow out. It can be in the form of pus or transparent. Over time, the number of excretions decreases, as the eardrum begins to scar, and pain sensations decrease. With proper treatment, the ear otitis in the child disappears, and the hearing organ is fully restored.

Complications of otitis

If you do not engage in timely treatment of the disease or treat it incorrectly, the following complications may occur: thrombosis of venous sinuses, and in rare cases even sepsis, abscess and meningitis, labyrinthitis and purulent mastoiditis, impaired hearing functions and even deafness, cohesive otitis media of the middle ear, chronic inflammation, persistent perforation of the drum webbeds.

Diagnosis of the disease

To diagnose "an otitis of an ear" the expert of a narrow profile can only. Diagnosis of the same disease is based on otorhinolaryngological and clinical examination of the patient. With the instrumental method of identifying the disease, otoscopy is usually used, which allows to examine the drum membranes and an external auditory canal with the help of an otoscope, as well as omicroscopy, carried out with the help of surgical optics. Often used audiometry, determining the severity of hearing, and tympanometry, which is a study of the mobility of tympanum membranes.

In order to exclude the development of complications of this disease, the doctor can apply a computer tomography of the skull bone structures, as well as brain research using radiography.

Often, to produce the correct diagnosis and to distinguish purulent and viral otitis media, a puncture of the tympanic membrane is done. This allows you to extract a certain amount of accumulated liquid for its further investigation. In this case, even bacteriological culture can be made, which allows to determine what is the causative agent of the infection. After all, before treating the otitis of the ear, it is necessary to know the cause of its occurrence.

Treatment of otitis media

So, otitis ears - how to treat this disease? Most often, his therapy is conservative and is performed on an outpatient basis with an easy flow in the otorhinolaryngologist. Mandatory patients are hospitalized, who have severe otitis media in their ears. Treatment of such a disease under the supervision of a doctor allows you to avoid complications. Children with otitis media of any degree are also in need of hospitalization. At the same time, the definition of tactics of combating the disease and its direct treatment is carried out only after a thorough examination of the patient by the doctor.

Usually, the patient is prescribed antibiotics if he has a bacterial otitis of the ear. Treatment in this case is carried out by such drugs as "Ceftriaxone" Cefotaxime "Cefuroxime" Clavulanate "Amoxicillin and also by means of" Midekamycin "Azithromycin" Clarithromycin ". If the patient suffers from purulent otitis, then his therapy uses respiratory fluoroquinolone, for example, the drug "Moxifloxacin" or "Levofloxacin". For the treatment of external diseases apply special drops in the ears with otitis. For example, it can be means of "Polidex" or "Otofa".

To reduce pain and other manifestations of the disease, drops are used in the ears in otitis, which are used in complex therapy: Otopix and Otisol. Many specialists prescribe washing with solutions of antiseptics of auditory canals. However, this method is effective only in otitis externa. In order to overcome the inflammatory process, the doctor can prescribe for the intake of antipyretics - ibuprofen and aspirin. These medications have moderate analgesic properties.

As for warming up and physiotherapy, these methods of treatment are allowed only after consulting with specialists. In most cases, everything depends on the degree of the disease.

Bee products for otitis treatment

To cure otitis media, you can prepare drops based on honey. For this, it is necessary to dilute this product in warm water, observing the proportions one to one. Several drops of solution are added to the patient's ear.

Supplement this therapy can be tincture of propolis 20%. This means is impregnated with a tampon made of gauze, which is injected into the diseased ear. The course of such therapy is two to three weeks.

10% tincture of propolis can be used to instill ears. To do this, you need to tilt your head to your shoulder and drop just a few drops into your ear canal. So the remedy will penetrate into the middle ear. The head should be held in this position for several minutes.

Tincture of mint at otitis

So, than to treat otitis in the home? Of course, herbs. An excellent remedy for this disease is tincture of mint. For its preparation, several spoons of dried mint should be poured with about a glass of ordinary vodka. The drug should stand for several days in a closed container. In the finished product, pieces of gauze are moistened and injected into the ear. This tincture can quickly eliminate otitis media. Treatment can be supplemented with medicines with the permission of the attending physician.

Herbal tincture

This is another tincture, which is considered to be quite effective in otitis. To make it, you need to take a few spoons of dried herbs and pour 100 milliliters of vodka. The drug is injected seven days in total darkness. Gauze turundas are wetted in the finished tincture, and then they are put in ears.

The same method prepares tinctures of calendula and St. John's wort. These funds can eliminate the main symptoms, ease the patient's condition and eliminate otitis media.

Teas and tinctures against otitis of the ears

Improve the overall condition of the patient allows a variety of teas made from plants. Healing qualities are possessed by a drink prepared from the petals of a red rose, black currant berries, dog rose and raspberry roots.

To wash the ear can be used infusion of leaves of the noble laurel. To make it, take a few spoons of pre-crushed leaves. This amount of grass is poured into a glass of boiling water and left for several hours. The present leaves are filtered, and the infusion is used to treat otitis. Before use, it should be heated to be slightly warm. With purulent otitis, the infusion of leaves of the laurel is buried right in the ear.

Medicine from vegetables

Against purulent otitis can be used ordinary garlic. For this, the cleared tooth is inserted into the ear. A good drug for otitis ear is the onion, the gruel of which is laid out on a piece of gauze. The received compress is put in a sick ear. Red beet has the necessary properties. The vegetable is rubbed on a grater and transferred to an enameled container. To the resulting gruel is added a glass of water and a dessert spoon of honey. Capacity is put on a small fire, and its contents are brought to a boil. Keep the broth on fire for another 15 minutes. The finished mass is cooled and used as compresses, wrapped in a piece of gauze. Polyethylene film and cotton wool are placed on top. It is fixed with a warm scarf for several hours. Follow the procedure should be several times a day.

Conclusion

When otitis external or middle ear, you should definitely consult a doctor for advice. A neglected disease without timely treatment entails severe consequences. Before treating the otitis of the ear, you need to undergo a complete examination. It is not necessary to engage in the therapy of folk remedies on your own, as an incorrectly selected medication can only lead to a worsening of the patient's condition.

syl.ru

Otitis of the ear: types of otitis and causes of development

• Otitis in children
• Otitis in adults
• Treatment

Ear Otitis is an ENT disease of the hearing organ, characterized by an inflammation of one of the ear sections connected together.

The reasons for the development of otitis media can be very different, ranging from mechanical damage and improper personal hygiene, to serious complications arising from acute respiratory infections, influenza and colds.

Few people know, but even a common runny nose in neglected form can become the beginning not only of maxillary sinusitis, but also of otitis media.

Let us consider in more detail what otitis media are and what types of this disease are encountered.

The structure of the human ear is divided into three interconnected parts, which bear the following names:

• external ear;
• middle ear;
• inner ear.

Depending on the specific part of the body the inflammatory process is taking place, in medicine it is customary to distinguish three types of otitis:

• outer;
• average;
• interior.

Ear canitis: symptoms of the disease in children

Otitis in children (see the photo on the left) occurs much more often than otitis in adults whose symptoms are identical. First of all, this is due to the not fully developed structure of individual tissues and parts of the hearing organ.

Also, the symptoms of otitis media (also called inflammation of the middle ear) are observed in children with reduced immunity or due to complications of viral, colds, flu.

As already noted above, the disease is divided into three types. For each type of otitis, adults and children have their own symptoms and signs.

Whenexternal otitis media, the causes of which are often violations of the rules of personal hygiene of the child, microtrauma of the shell of the ear, internal boils, observed:

• elevated body temperature (up to 39 ° C);
• chills;
• the child's refusal to eat;
• capriciousness and irritability;
• poor sleep;
• unreasonable crying;
• puffiness and redness of the auricle;
• the appearance of small bubbles on the skin around the ear;
• pain in ear is constant or when touching;
• an increase in parotid lymph nodes.

Medication

Amoxicillin Otipax Ceftriaxone Azithromycin Dioxydin Protargol Polidexa Dimexide Levomecol Flemoxin Solutab Sumamed Otofa Miramistin Otipax

Whenaverage otitis, which most often occurs against the background of acute respiratory viral infections, as well as in children with low immunity, the following symptomatic pattern is observed:

• earache;
• continuous crying;
• lack of sleep;
• the child's desire to rub or scratch his ear (rub on the pillow);
• refusal of food;
• painful reaction when pressing on the tragus (outer cartilage of the auricle);
• elevated temperature;
• lethargy;
• vomiting;
• diarrhea;
• purulent discharge from the ear, possibly with an admixture of blood (with a purulent form of acute otitis media).

Wheninternal otitis, manifested much less frequently than the two previous forms, but it is much more dangerous than them as a result complications of otitis media or against the background of a general serious infectious disease are characterized by the following symptoms:

• elevated temperature;
• noise in ears;
• dizziness;
• nausea;
• vomiting;
• loss of balance;
• hearing loss.

Diagnosis of the symptoms of the disease will be helped by the characteristic symptoms of otitis of the ear, but this does not give the right to self-medicate. At the first manifestations of inflammation of the middle ear, it is necessary to seek help from an otolaryngologist, who, based on a real clinical picture, will prescribe the right treatment.

Symptoms of a cold in the ear in adults

Unlike children, otic otitis, the symptoms of which are known to many of us since childhood, in adulthood happen much less often and is mainly the result of hypothermia, violations of personal hygiene and complications after a viral cold diseases.

Species of otitis

Middle ear External Sharp Bilateral Allergic Outward diffuse Perforating Inside Child Eustachyte

It is much easier to diagnose an individual's disease in an adult than a child in the first place, because he can describe in detail the whole picture, including the power of pain in the ears. This will help determine the severity of the disease.

However, only the doctor can make a final verdict and prescribe the appropriate treatment for otitis media of the middle ear, after having undergone proper examination with the help of special ENT instruments.

Characterize the adult otitis as a cold of the ear, its symptoms are similar to children's:

• congestion of the ears and hearing loss;
• acute or aching pain in the ears;
• elevated temperature (not mandatory);
• headaches and dizziness;
• pains that give to the neck, teeth, whiskey, forehead;
• weakness and general malaise;
• nausea and vomiting.

In order to avoid the occurrence of such diseases of the ear, proper preventive maintenance should be carried out, and then the pain in the ears will not bother you or your children.

How and how to treat otitis media - doctor's prescriptions and recipes of folk medicine

How to treat an otitis of an ear the doctor the otolaryngologist defines, having established a kind and a degree of disease.

Treatment of otitis media

Treatment of otitis externa Treatment of otitis media of the middle ear Treatment of purulent otitis Ear drops Ear pills Antibiotics Ear wax Ear candles In adults In children In pregnant women

In any case, first of all, drug therapy is aimed at the destruction of bacteria that contribute to the development of otitis media. It is done with the help of antibiotics, and selected such drugs that can not only to eliminate the bacterial damage of the body, but also easily penetrate into the ear drum cavity to the hearth disease.

The most commonly used antibiotics for the treatment of otitis media- Tsifran, Flemoklav, Solyutab.

As a local treatment, special ear drops-antiseptics are used, most often in the ENT practice, the old-fashioned method uses a solution of boric acid.

However, there are a number of other similar drugs of a new generation that can easily cope with infections.

In addition, such drops often include anesthesia, which helps to significantly reduce and eliminate pain.

Some of the best ear drops from otitis are Sophradex, Otipax, Otinum, Garazon.

In combination with ear drops in otitis, otolaryngologists often prescribe vasoconstrictive drops in the nose (Naphthyzine, Nazol, Galazolin, Otrivin and etc.), thanks to which it is possible to remove swelling of the mucous membrane of the Eustachian tube and thereby reduce the load on the eardrum.

In addition to drops in the nose in the complex can be appointed and antihistamines (antiallergic) funds, pursuing the same goal - removing the edema of the mucosa. These can be tablets of Suprastin, Diazolinum, Loratadina, etc.

If there is an increased body temperature, which often causes otitis media, mandatory prescribed antipyretic drugs, which are also able to partially relieve or reduce pain in the ears. The most safe and effective remedy for temperature is Paracetamol.

Attention!

All of the above drugs used to treat otitis media can not be regarded as a guide to action. The question, than to treat an ear otitis independently, should not stand at all. Treatment of this disease, like most other things, can only take place under the guidance of a qualified doctor.

With a timely visit to the otolaryngologist and the exact observance of all prescriptions, the ear otitis passes quickly enough without leaving any consequences.

How to treat otitis with folk remedies

In addition to drug therapy, there are many ways of alternative treatment of otitis media. I must say that such methods are acceptable for use and are mostly of an auxiliary nature. However, it should not be forgotten that people's prescriptions can be used only after consulting a doctor and in no case should they self-medicate to avoid complications and irreversible consequences.

Folk remedies

Treatment with folk remedies Home treatment Camphor alcohol Geranium Hydrogen peroxide Tincture of propolis Tincture Calendula Furacil Alcohol Washing the Ear Aloe Boric Acid Warming Up the Compress on the Ear Blowing the Hearing Pipes

Depending on the form and degree of the disease, otitis symptoms are accompanied by different symptoms, on the basis of which various recipes of folk medicine are applied.

Recipe number 1.For example, to reduce tinnitus and prevent the development of otitis, it is recommended to chew buds of fragrant cloves or cook on based on the broth, observing the proportions of 15 grams of cloves 100 grams of hot water and take it on a teaspoon 2-3 times throughout day.

Recipe number 2.With hearing loss after otitis, it is recommended to brew and drink tea from rose petals (red) for two weeks, which will help restore hearing in a short time.

Recipe number 3.To cure otitis externa, one should take the root of elecampane, incinerate it on fire, and then grind it in a coffee grinder and mix it with a small amount of lamb fat. Lubricate the prepared earwax with otitis shell to complete recovery.

Recipe number 4.To reduce the symptoms of acute otitis will help tincture of nightshade sweet and bitter. To make it, you need to take 2 tablespoons of chopped grass and pour 100 grams of vodka. Insist for a week, then inject into your ear soaked in a means of cotton turuns 2-3 times a day.

You can also cook the infusion. To do this, pour a tablespoon of herbs with a glass of boiling water. Insist for an hour and apply as in the case of tincture, in the form of embedded turundas.

Recipe number 5.To reduce severe pain in the ears with otitis will help glycerin with alcohol. It is necessary to combine the two ingredients in equal proportions (:), moisten the turunda in this mixture and lay it in the diseased ear.

The recipe number 6.When asked how and how to treat ear inflammation, many will give an unambiguous answer - dry heat.

This is really an effective method for acute otitis, which is widely used in medicine (blue lamp, UHF).

It can also be used in the home if the ear is inflamed. To do this, take ordinary table salt, heat it in a clean dry frying pan and fill it in a linen bag.

Through an additional folded in several times the tissue, the patient's ear should be heated for 30 minutes.

It is important to know

You can not heat your ears with the help of dry heat at an elevated body temperature and purulent secretions from the auricles.

.

gajmorit.com

Treatment of otitis in adults. Effective treatment of otitis

Otitis is an inflammatory ear disease. In order to understand why the disease occurs and what processes are taking place, consider the anatomical structure of the hearing organ and the process by which it perceives information.

Ear structure

The human ear has a very complex structure, which can be divided into three sections: the outer, middle and inner ear. The outer ear is the auricle, which perceives sound waves, directing them into the external auditory canal. The outer and middle ear are separated by a tympanic membrane, which conditionally represents a hymen or a film.

The middle ear is a cavity, a space in the temporal bone with three hearing bones located in it - a hammer, an anvil and a staple. It should be noted that the middle ear is closely related to the nasopharynx. Functionally, bones strengthen the received sound vibrations and transmit them to the inner ear. The inner ear is a labyrinth of membranes in the stony section of the temporal bone with many bends filled with liquid. The vibrations coming from the middle ear are transferred to a liquid that already affects the receptors. So information is transmitted to the brain in the form of nerve impulses.

The concept, types of otitis. Causes

Otitis is a disease that can develop in any of the three parts of the ear, depending on the place in which the inflammatory process occurs, distinguish:

1. Otitis of the external ear.
2. Otitis of the middle ear.
3. Inflammation of the inner ear (or labyrinthitis).

Causes that contribute to the onset of the disease or aggravate its course, many, but the main ones include:

• diseases of the nasopharynx, leading to swelling and inflammation of the mucous membranes of the middle ear;
• diseases that suppress and weaken the immune system (influenza, measles);
• supercooling;
• getting into the ear of cold water;
• trauma and various injuries of the tympanic membrane, which may cause infection in the middle ear cavity;
• genetic predisposition.

By nature, the causative agent causing the disease, otitis is divided into:

1. Viral.
2. Bacterial.
3. Fungal.

Let us consider in more detail the inflammatory processes that occur in each of the three parts of the human ear, the symptoms and possible complications of otitis.

External otitis media. Classification. Symptoms

External otitis is an inflammation of the skin of the auricle along with the external auditory canal, which is caused by a bacterial or fungal infection. There are two types of external otitis media: limited and diffuse.

In most cases, limited inflammation is represented by furunculosis - the formation of boils. Furuncle - acute purulent process of the sebaceous gland or hair follicle, caused by pyogenic bacteria. If there are favorable factors in the human body, including chronic infection, diabetes mellitus, local trauma and skin contamination, insect bites, staphylococcal microflora begins to actively provoke the inflammatory process.

Sometimes the disease is a complication of a previous flu or may be caused by an allergic reaction to medications. Signs of external otitis are itching; pain that occurs when touching an inflamed ear; redness and swelling of the skin of the external auditory canal, or auricle; sometimes the temperature may rise body. Hearing, as a rule, while not suffering.

Spilled otitis externa is an inflammation of the external ear, which very often can spread to the eardrum.

According to the duration of the disease, the external otitis is classified into acute and chronic. The latter is a consequence of the lack of treatment or incorrect treatment of the acute form of the disease.

Otitis of the external ear is considered to be the mildest type of disease in comparison with otitis media of the middle ear and internal otitis media and often does not lead to serious complications, although sometimes it can cause an increase in the lymph nodes system. Inflammation of the mucosa grows into a malignant form (tissue necrosis) in the presence of a person associated with severe functional diseases (diabetes) or the virus of immunodeficiency. But such cases, fortunately, are rare.

Otitis media. Classification and symptoms

Of all forms of otitis, both in children and adults, inflammation of the middle ear is most common. As noted earlier, the nature of the disease can be bacterial and viral. Among the bacteria, the main pathogens are streptococci or a hemophilic rod. To viruses that cause inflammation, you can include rhinovirus, influenza virus or respiratory syncytial virus.

The first signs of inflammation of the middle ear are pulsating, shooting or aching pains in the organ, which are intensified by swallowing, sneezing or coughing. Characteristic for this disease is also noise in the ear, weakness, sleep disorder, lack of appetite, severe deterioration of hearing.

In general, the inflammation of the middle ear is the result of a previous cold or flu, in which the immunity decreases and the number of bacteria in the nasal cavity increases. The nasal cavity is connected with the middle ear by the auditory tube, in which liquid and various microorganisms accumulate, which trigger the onset of the inflammatory process. The tympanic membrane undergoes pressure and expands in volumes to the outside, which causes pain.

The course of the disease can be different in speed of development, as well as in duration, according to what distinguish:

1. Acute otitis media (the ear accumulates fluid). This is the reason for the audibility of your own voice in your head.
2. Chronic otitis (the ear is filled with pus).

Acute otitis media. Forms

If the inflammatory process is classified according to the nature of the course (clinical picture), then the otitis can be catarrhal or purulent, thus, the development of the disease undergoes three stages - acute catarrhal otitis, acute purulent otitis and stage recovery.

Acute catarrhal otitis is an inflammatory process associated with the localization of fluid in the middle ear cavity. For this form of the disease, in addition to pain and increased body temperature (38-39 ° C), reddening and swelling of the tympanic membrane, ear congestion are characteristic. The patients note that they hear their own voice in the head during the conversation.

The appearance of foci of pus and its accumulation in the cavity of the middle ear is acute purulent otitis. Treatment for the first 2-3 days is not carried out, because as usual during this period, the eardrum ruptures and the pus outward. In this case, the patient becomes better, the body temperature returns to normal, the pain stops. In addition to pus, blood and serous discharge can be observed. If the course of the disease passes without complications, then the third stage comes in - a recovery stage.

With the onset of the reconstructive stage, the inflammatory process decreases, the suppression stops and a progressive tightening of the damaged membrane occurs. If the treatment of otitis in adults passes in accordance with the appointments and under the supervision of a specialist, then recovery occurs in 2-3 weeks. By this time, the rumor, as a rule, is fully restored.

Chronic otitis media. Stages of

If untimely or insufficient treatment, acute otitis becomes chronic. Otitis chronic is an inflammatory process, which is characterized by a permanent or recurrent suppuration from the ear. This type of otitis, in addition to already known symptoms, such as: high fever, itching, deterioration of the general condition, there are inherent complications in the form of hearing loss and persistent perforation of the drum webbeds. Usually the chronic course of the disease is a consequence of previous sinusitis or acute purulent otitis media. In some cases, this form of otitis occurs as a result of rupture (or perforation) of the tympanic membrane or curvature of the nasal septum after the injury. Depending on the localization of the perforation, and also on its size, three stages of chronic otitis are distinguished:

1. Tubotympanal otitis (mesotympanitis).
2. Epimezotimpanit.
3. Epitimpanitis.

With tubotimponal form of otitis, the violation of the tympanic membrane occurs, as a rule, in the central part, and the pathology is manifested by inflammation of the mucous membranes of the tympanic cavity. Inflammation does not affect bone tissue.

Epimezotimpanit - a stage of chronic otitis, in which there is extensive perforation of the tympanic membrane, the damage affects its upper and middle divisions.

Epitimpanoanthral form of otitis is characterized by rupture of the upper, most pliable and fragile areas of the membrane. This stage of the disease, as well as epimezotimpanit, is dangerous by the occurrence of pathological processes associated with the formation of granulomas, polyps and cholesteatoma - a capsule filled and surrounded purulent particles of the epidermis, which, constantly expanding, presses on the tympanic membrane, destroys the bone component of the middle ear and opens the "road" to the purulent process in the inner ear.

In addition, there is another form of inflammatory process - bilateral otitis - a disease that simultaneously affects the hearing organ from both sides.

If we consider the existing complications of the disease, the perforation of the tympanic membrane is the most common. With prolonged accumulation of pus there is an increase in pressure in the middle ear, resulting in the membrane becoming thinner. There is a risk of its rupture (perforation). To prevent the transition of the inflammatory process to the stage of internal otitis and to avoid subsequent development of serious pathologies, it is necessary to resort to the puncture of the tympanic membrane surgically, and not to wait for the moment when this happens spontaneously.

Inflammation of the inner ear. Symptoms

Internal otitis has another name - labyrinthitis is a disease that occurs less frequently in comparison with otitis of the external and middle ear, but is the most dangerous in terms of the threat to health and life rights. Purulent processes that affect bone tissue can cause severe complications, for example, meningitis (inflammatory process in the brain envelopes) or sepsis (blood infection due to falling into the her pus). As a rule, the internal otitis media is the result of complications of previous otitis media, or the consequences of a serious infectious disease. High body temperature, severe headache and vomiting, loss of balance - these are all symptoms of internal otitis, in which it is necessary to seek help from a specialist as soon as possible. In addition, with such forms of the disease, there is a sharp deterioration of the hearing until its complete loss.

In order to make an accurate diagnosis and, consequently, to prescribe the correct treatment regimen for the patient, doctors resort to otorhinolaryngological examination and laboratory tests.

Diagnosis of otitis. Surveys and studies

Laboratory diagnostics is carried out mainly in order to establish the nature of the origin of otitis - bacteriological or virologic. With the serological reaction of blood serum and polymerase chain reaction, antibodies to pathogens are detected. Also, the results of a general blood test will show the presence or absence of an inflammatory process in the body.

The basic instrumental methods of otitis diagnosis:

• Tympanocenosis is the study of fluid obtained by surgical puncture of the membrane. The procedure allows you to determine the antibiotic needed to fight a particular type of infection, but in practice it is not often used.
• Tympanometry - checking the mobility of the tympanic membrane.
• Otoscopy - examination of the tympanic membrane and auditory passage by means of an otoscope.
• Audiometry is the definition of hearing acuity when suspected of reducing it.
• Computer tomography of the brain and skull structure (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) - are used in case of suspicion of suppurative inflammatory processes and intracranial complications, help to diagnose the formation of various pathologies - polyps, cholesteanomas and so on.

Conservative treatment of otitis in adults

To avoid the development of complications and to achieve recovery with minimal waste of time and effort, otitis should be treated in a timely manner, in fact, like any other disease. For each form of the inflammatory process, a special treatment is provided, with its own procedures and medical preparations.

Otitis of the external ear is treated out-patient, with the use of drops, which contain an antibiotic. Sometimes antibiotics can be prescribed together with corticosteroids or antihistamines, if the disease is caused by an allergic reaction. There are also procedures for washing the ear canal with an antiseptic solution. If this therapy does not lead to recovery or is not possible due to severe edema of the ear canal and face cellulite, oral medications are prescribed. At elevated body temperature, antipyretic agents are used, as well as analgesics if pain syndrome is present. In rare cases, with the formation of purulent inflammation of the external ear tissues, surgical intervention can be indicated.

Elimination of inflammation in the middle ear in the normal course of the disease is outpatient. Treatment of otitis in adults is performed with the appointment of antibiotics, antiseptics and bed rest. To reduce the painful syndrome, a warm 96% alcohol is used as a drop (this procedure is contraindicated in suppuration). For topical administration, physiotherapy is prescribed, it is also possible to use a blue lamp. It will be superfluous and warming the compress in otitis (alcohol, vodka or based on camphor oil), which should be kept no more than 3-4 hours. It must also be remembered that you can not put a compress at an elevated body temperature.

If the disease does not go without complications, then the patient will show signs of acute otitis - the purulent otitis will develop. Treatment can be continued with the help of antibiotics or by surgical intervention.

Surgical intervention

Sometimes it happens that conservative treatment of otitis in adults does not lead to an improvement in the patient's condition. In such situations, a surgical dissection of the tympanostomy is performed. This manipulation makes it possible to avoid complications, since the puncture is done at a favorable and correct point, pus goes out through a specially installed tube, and the pain syndrome decreases, and recovery comes faster. In addition, the biomaterial (festering isolates) is subject to a laboratory bacteriological study for sensitivity to antibiotics. If, after the performed procedures, the acuity of hearing is not restored, purges and pneumatic massage can be prescribed.

There are cases when there is a natural rupture of the tympanic membrane. This is observed mainly with inflammation of the middle ear and requires immediate surgical intervention.

With tubotimponal form of otitis, the task of surgical treatment is restoring the integrity of the tympanoplasty using tympanoplasty using its own cartilage.

Epitimpanoanthral form of otitis is associated with destruction of bone tissue. In such a course of the disease, the goal of surgical intervention is to remove bone pathology and restore the tympanic membrane using prostheses made of inert materials (titanium).

Internal otitis is the result of ineffective treatment of otitis media and is dangerous due to purulent complications with damage to the membranes of the brain. Therefore, in such forms of the disease, hospitalization of the patient with further surgical care is necessary.

It should be remembered that prevention is always better than treatment. Prevention of otitis can be the timely elimination of foci of infection within the body (caries, sinusitis), as well as the elimination of hypothermia. When the first signs of the disease appear, it is important to immediately seek medical help from specialists.

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Treatment of otitis media in adults

Diseases of the ear cause a lot of trouble for a person. The term "otitis" is used to refer to any infections that penetrate the hearing organs. This disease can be internal, middle or external. The type of ailment depends on the part of the ear that is affected, and on the time of its destructive effect. How to treat otitis media in adults, it is necessary to know in order to relieve yourself of pain in time.

How to treat otitis media at home

To begin treatment of an otitis at adults, it is necessary with recognition of illness. With this disease there is pain, the ear starts to itch and shoot, inflammation occurs. Self-medication should not be dealt with, but manifestations of the symptoms of the disease should be immediately clearly noticed, in order to provide first aid. Symptoms of the disease are manifested by its type:

1. External otitis media. Characteristic pain in the organs of hearing, itching in the region of the auricle, purulent discharge and unpleasant odor. On the skin of the ear there is peeling, swelling and redness. In this case, a person normally hears.
2. Otitis media is divided into two groups. Acute suppurative otitis media is characterized by painful sensations inside the ear. The nature of the pain can be different: aching, stitching, throbbing. It is able to localize in the areas of the jaw, temple, nape. In addition, there is an increase in body temperature. If too much pus accumulates inside the ear, then the perforation of the tympanic membrane and the release of purulent formation can occur. Chronic form of the disease brings worsening of hearing, leads to complications. It is recognized due to the constant flow of pus.
3. Adhesive and allergic otitis. With such inflammation, there is a noise in the ears, a constant decrease in the level of hearing, a headache, weakness, the appearance of adhesions.
4. Internal otitis media is a complication of the middle. This type of ailment is not accompanied by pain, there is a loss of hearing and dizziness.

Treatment of otitis should begin with the appearance of the first symptoms, before complications can occur, and the disease does not change from acute to chronic. Cope with the disease you can and sitting at home, as prescribed by a doctor of suitable means. A large range of medicines is used for the fight:

• drops;
• compresses;
• antibiotics inside;
• homeopathic remedies;
• as a supporting therapy - folk remedies.

Ear drops

Cure the outer or middle otitis easily with the help of ear drops. By composition, such drugs can be single-component (contain only antibiotic) or bicomponent (antibiotic and anti-inflammatory substance). Examples of such drugs are Otoposarin, Polidex. Drops in the ears with otitis are considered to be an effective medication. There are many drugs designed to get rid of the disease. There are drops from otitis in adults, which are used more often than others:

1. "Normaks." In the composition - norfloxacin, auxiliary substances. Indications for use - external, medium (acute and chronic), internal otitis. To drip it is necessary on 1-2 drops 4 times / day in a sick ear. The price: 100-140 р.
2. "Otofa". Contains rifamycin sodium and other substances. Indications - external, medium acute, average chronic otitis media. Dosage of application - to drip in an ear on 5 drops 3 times / day. You can pour the medicine in your ear for about 2 hours. Price: 170-220 rubles.
3. Sofredex. The composition is rich: Framicetin sulfate, gramicidin, dexamethasone. It is used for otitis externa. Drip 2-3 drops 3-4 times / day. You can use compresses, laying the ear passage with a gauze swab with the medicine. The price: 290 р.
4. "Anotite." In the composition - levomitsetin, boric acid, lidocaine hydrochloride, auxiliary substances. Indications - external, purulent middle, purulent otitis media. It is applied on 4-5 drops 3-4 times / day. The price: 40-50 р.

Antibiotics

Such medications are required for an average, diffuse, secretory form of the disease, when some drops do not help. Antibiotics can be used to treat bilateral, viral and fungal otitis media. These drugs fight inflammatory processes that have arisen in the field of auditory organs, some are capable of anesthetizing. It is recommended not to take antibiotics for more than 5 days. Increase the effect of drugs through additional drugs or folk remedies. Among the antibiotics used to treat otitis media are:

• "Spiramycin" (take 2-3 times / day for 1 capsule, price: 205 rubles);
• "Ampicillin" (drink 4 times / day for 1 capsule, price: 22 rubles);
• "Ciprofloxacin" (inside 2 times a day for 1 capsule, price: 14 rubles);
• other popular antibiotics may be used.

Other medicines

In addition to the above listed tools, treatment of otitis media of the middle ear in adults and the external type of the disease is carried out using other affordable, inexpensive but effective methods. You can use boric acid or boric alcohol. The medium is heated to body temperature by lowering the vial into warm water. Then the medicine is digested into the ear passages by pipetting 3 drops. To prevent the drug from flowing, put cotton swabs in your ears. Boric acid in otitis relieves inflammation and pain syndrome, is suitable as a first aid in the manifestation of signs of the disease.

People's means

When some medicamental methods are not enough, proven methods of treating otitis in adults come to the rescue. People's means are great, each has a special effect. Such methods should be used correctly for the first symptoms or as part of a comprehensive therapy. Sometimes you can do only with folk remedies, but it is better to use medicines from the pharmacy. Here are some natural "preparations" for solving the problem:

1. Tincture of birch buds. To prepare, you need to insist 10 g of birch buds for 200 ml of vodka or alcohol. Use the medicine after a week. Obtain the product with a wet tampon and place it in your ear. To remove pain, several procedures are required.
2. Propolis tincture. The medicine will come to the rescue with severe pain. Preheat the preparation, drip 2 drops in both ear canals, then place in the ears cotton swabs. The remedy should be kept for 15-20 minutes.
3. Sugar smoke. Original remedy. Take a tin lid without gum, pour 1 tbsp. l. sugar and place on a burning stove. When the smoke appears, fold the newspaper into a tube, place it above the smoke, hold the ear to the hole. The procedure should be at least 5 minutes. After its termination, warm your ear.

Homeopathy

Herbal treatment is gradually gaining popularity in modern society. Not uncommon and homeopathic pharmacies. Each method of treating otitis in adults - homeopathy and herbal medicine - is considered quite safe. Nature is a storehouse of useful substances. Treat the disease with the help of herbs should be after a consultation with the doctor to prevent complications. What natural means to use:

• aconite - if there is a tingling and pain in the hearing;
• belladonna - with an average otitis, strong pulsating and tearing pains, buzzing, swelling near the ear;
• Pulsatilla - for recovery with a decrease in hearing, a sense of congestion in the ear canal, purulent and bloody discharge;
• at very strong pains - ferrum fostorika.

How to treat otitis in pregnant women

There are two important features that distinguish otitis treatment in pregnancy. The first is that the benefits to the body of the medicine must exceed the harm. Everything is done so that the fetus does not suffer. If the otitis media is severe and severe, antibiotics are prescribed. They should be chosen by the doctor in accordance with the timing and course of pregnancy. In time, untreated otitis results in perforation of the tympanic membrane. Catarrhal (exudative) otitis is treated easier - by blowing or pneumomassage, without perforating intervention.

For treatment of otitis in adults, local treatment is also prescribed. To do this, use turundochki, which are placed in the ear. Together with this device, a tampon moistened with the medicine is used. Please note that the drug was approved during pregnancy. Treatment prescribed by a doctor is allowed to be supplemented with folk remedies. Natural medicines will not only alleviate the symptoms, but will also benefit the body overall. Treatment of otitis during pregnancy should be approached with all responsibility.

Video: what to do when the ear hurts

Inflammation of the organs of the auditory system occurs frequently. Treatment is often effective and passes easily, but complications also arise. Everything depends on the place of origin and severity of the disease. Treat the infection in the hearing aid immediately so that severe complications do not appear. There are a lot of funds that can lead you to recovery. These are tablets, drops, ointments, decoctions, compresses. With a light otitis can help drop, if the case is more serious, you will have to take antibiotics. From the video below you will determine which means are best used in the complex.

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Inflammation of the ear: what to treat. Causes and Symptoms of Ear Inflammation

The ear is the organ that immediately makes itself felt in case of an illness. Jokes with a hearing aid end very badly. Inflammation of the ear can be expressed in different ways. Symptoms depend on the form of the disease. After all, different parts of the auditory organ are affected. Accordingly, the disease can be of several types: otitis external, medium, inner. It should immediately be noted that it is possible to treat at home only the first two stages of the disease. Internal otitis media - labyrinthitis - is a very serious disease. This form of the disease is treated exclusively in a hospital. Labyrinthite requires immediate action. Any self-treatment will not only bring relief, but it can also do harm. Especially when you consider that the road is even every minute, because the consequences can be very difficult for the patient.

Main reasons

Inflammation of the ear is accompanied by severe pain. This symptom can worry both children and adults. It is caused by the following reasons:

• otitis and inflammatory diseases of neighboring organs;
• damage to the auditory nerve or the entire system;
• pathology of the neck, ENT organs, brain, vessels;
• tumor.

With various pathologies, pain has its own character. It can be shooting, cutting, pulsing, piercing, pressing. Most often the disease has other symptoms. They all need to be clearly formulated by the doctor at the reception. Only then will the doctor be able to correctly diagnose and select an effective treatment.

Causes of pain in healthy people

Not every earache signals an otitis. In some cases, it occurs in a healthy person. It should be clearly distinguished, where the pain is temporary, and where there is inflammation of the ear. Symptoms of the second, as a rule, are not limited only to unpleasant sensations.

Ear pain can be caused by the following reasons:

1. After walking in windy weather, some people experience unpleasant sensations. The ear is affected by gusts. The result is a painful bruise. The skin in this area becomes painful, acquires a cyanotic color. This state passes after some time. It does not require treatment at all.
2. "Swimmer's ear". Quite a common cause of pain. It arises in the event that the ear canal is constantly getting water. This process causes skin irritation followed by edema formation. Sometimes this leads to the development of external otitis media, especially if this condition lasts a long time.
3. Noise, a feeling of stuffiness, sometimes pain can be provoked by excess sulfur. Accumulating, it forms a cork, blocking the auditory passage. This gives rise to very unpleasant sensations.
4. The feeling of dryness in the ear canal, accompanied by pain, may indicate the opposite - a lack of sulfur.

External otitis media

This disease can occur in almost any person. But children are more vulnerable to it. Inflammation of the outer ear is often due to non-compliance with the rules of hygiene of the ears. Many people, without thinking about the consequences, clean their ears with completely unsuitable items: pins, matches. Such devices can disrupt the integrity of the membrane, and sometimes infect. It is worth noting that the causes of external otitis media are few. In addition to trauma, the disease can cause an infection or a regular contact with water.

With lesions of the external auditory canal and auricle, doctors diagnose external otitis media. This pathology has the following clinical picture:

• Pain sensations can have a different degree of severity. In some cases, they are quite insignificant at all. But sometimes there is severe pain, even interfering with sleep.
• Usually, this syndrome lasts for several days, and then begins to subside.
• Pain may be accompanied by temporary hearing loss.
• There are unpleasant sensations: a noise in the ears, a feeling of stuffiness, ringing, itching.
• The body temperature rises, because otitis is an inflammatory disease.
• Redness of the skin near the auricle can be observed.
• Painful sensations are amplified if you press on some points in the area of ​​the organ of hearing or it is easy to pull by the ear.

The diagnosis is established by an ENT doctor after examining the patient. It is he who prescribes, depending on which stage the ear inflammation has acquired, the treatment. As a rule, these are drops, anesthetics and antibiotics.

Sometimes acute pain provokes skin damage in the area of ​​the shell or auditory opening. Such conditions are also referred to as external otitis media. It can appear as an inflammation of the skin covering the ear cartilage, or purulent lesions - furuncles.

In some cases, the disease manifests as diaper rash or eczema. It covers almost the entire hearing aid. Sometimes there is even inflammation of the ear lobes. Symptoms include severe itching, pain, a feeling of tension. The skin becomes inflamed, from time to time there are secretions on it.

Average otitis media

This disease is very common in children. Inflammation of the middle ear is due to a variety of reasons. One of the main complications after a cold. Especially often there is a disease in children with weakened immunity. Sometimes children's infections - measles, scarlet fever - can give complications. In this case, infection with the flow of blood enters the ear, causing inflammation.

Average otitis is accompanied by severe pain. They are greatly enhanced by swallowing and chewing. Most often, it is for this reason that the patient completely refuses to eat. Such patients, in order to calm the pain somewhat, lay down on their sides, pressing the damaged ear to the pillow. This syndrome is especially pronounced in children.

It is quite easy to determine the inflammation of the middle ear. Symptoms of this disease are quite pronounced:

• Severe pain continues for quite some time. In the absence of necessary treatment, the disease becomes chronic, provoking very serious complications.
• Elevated temperature, general malaise, weakness.
• Unpleasant sensations - a ringing, zalozhennost, a noise in ears.
• There is a temporary loss of hearing. Deafness may develop if the infection of the tympanic membrane is destroyed.

At the first sensations of pain, be sure to visit the otolaryngologist. Only a doctor can diagnose an inflammation of the middle ear. Treatment includes prescribing antibacterial medicines and the use of drops.

Internal otitis media

The most serious form of the disease. It can lead to a complete loss of hearing. Doctors call this disease a labyrinthitis. Because the snail itself or semicircular canals is affected. The symptomatology is related to the internal structure. It is there that the auditory receptors are located and the vestibular apparatus is an organ of equilibrium.

Leading symptoms are noise and pain in the ears, severe dizziness, hearing loss. They appear in 1-2 weeks after the bacterial infection. During this time, pathogens reach the bloodstream right into the hearing organ, where they provoke the development of otitis media.

Inflammation of the inner ear has the following symptoms:

• Loss of sense of balance, somewhat unsteady gait.
• Sudden attacks of dizziness that accompany nausea, vomiting.
• Eyeballs are twitching.
• Increased temperature.
• With purulent disease, there is complete loss of hearing and a persistent imbalance.

If suspected of such inflammation of the ears, than treated, is determined only after additional diagnostic methods. After the examination, the ENT doctor directs to a computer or magnetic resonance imaging. Quite often, patients with a diagnosis of "internal ear inflammation" are required to be hospitalized.

Diagnosis of the disease

It should not be forgotten that the diseases of the throat, nose and ears are closely interrelated. Sometimes, otitis can be triggered by various factors, for example periodontitis, laryngitis. If there is a suspicion of inflammation of the ears, the symptoms of which are described above, then diagnosing the disease correctly is only an ENT doctor.

The otolaryngologist will conduct the examination with the help of special tools, assess the symptoms and, if necessary, prescribe a survey. Most often, a general blood test is recommended. It determines the signs of inflammation.

Very often, the inflammation of the middle ear is accompanied by a temporary worsening of hearing. The doctor will check the extent of the lesion. To do this, conduct audiometry. Sound waves penetrate the organ of hearing by air and bone. The latter is checked with a tuning fork. To check the air conduction, use a special device - an audiograph. The patient in the headphones should press the signal button as soon as he hears the sound. The doctor at this time on the audiogram, gradually increasing the sound, fixes the level of perception of the patient.

Causes and symptoms of otitis in children

Often inflammation of the middle ear is diagnosed in infants during the first two years of life. The causes can be frequent respiratory tract infections, allergies, tonsillar hypertrophy. It provokes the occurrence of the disease in a nursery, smoking in the presence of a child. Sometimes even a long sucking of the nipple can lead to otitis.

Initially there is a runny nose, lasting for 2-3 days, coughing, sometimes fever. Usually parents do not even think that it starts ear inflammation in a child. The baby temperature, cries irritably, sleeps very badly. Then he starts rubbing his head on the pillow and pulls the handle to the aching ears. The kid refuses to eat, because the process of sucking causes an increase in pain. Infants with inflammation of the middle ear symptoms can provoke quite different. Sometimes there are abdominal pains, diarrhea.

A visit to the doctor is compulsory. During the examination, it is necessary to hold the child very tightly. The procedure is not the most pleasant, but lasts only a few seconds. Remember, any jerking of the head causes additional pain to the infant.

First aid for pain in the ears

Of course, with the first signs of otitis, you need to see a doctor. But sometimes sharp lumbago can occur at night or, for example, on vacation in the village. In a word, you need to endure a couple of hours while the visit to the doctor will come true. What to do in this case? How can I soften my ear? Before visiting a doctor, you can do the following:

• Relieve breathing by dripping nose with drops.
• Take antipyretics (only once).
• Inoculate the affected ear with three drops of a dioxydin solution (1%).

In this case, remember: if the pain is very strong and accompanied by a bad general state of health, do not wait in the morning. Immediately call an ambulance.

Treatment of otitis media of the external ear

The question becomes urgent if there is an inflammation of the ears: "How to treat this disease?" Typically, the administration of turundas moistened with a solution of boric acid or alcohol is recommended. The procedure speeds up recovery. But the patient causes severe discomfort, becoming a rather unpleasant test. In connection with this, the otolaryngologist advises the following therapeutic course:

1. The ear must be buried with boric alcohol. For the anesthetic and anti-inflammatory effect prescribe drugs "Otipax" or "Otirelaks." With enough strong unpleasant sensations recommend taking a pill of "Ibuprofen "Ketonala".
2. If necessary, the course of therapy includes antibacterial drops "Ofloxacin "Neomycin". Patients with low immunity are prescribed a course of antibiotics.
3. In the ear cavity are laid turundas with antibacterial ointments - "Linkomycin "Tetracycline".

Treatment of otitis media of the middle ear

Heavy illness, which often requires bed rest. Acute inflammation of the ear in adults is often accompanied by intoxication, high fever. At this stage of the disease, switching to a lighter diet is recommended. However, the diet should include all the necessary vitamins and nutrients.

The course of therapy depends entirely on the degree that the inflammation of the middle ear has acquired. Treatment at the initial stage includes such activities:

1. Appoint antipyretic and anesthetic drugs: Ibuprofen, Paracetamol, Aspirin, Diclofenac, Analgin.
2. A course of antibiotics is being conducted. Often, a diagnosis is made that identifies the causative agent of the disease. If the study of a smear from the ear canal was not conducted, it is recommended to take antibacterial drugs "Amoxicillin "Cefuroxime "Augmentin "Spiramycin". This course is scheduled for 10 days.
3. When otitis, accompanied by a strong swelling of the tympanic membrane, antihistamines are added to the course of therapy: Claritin, Suprastin, etc.
4. Necessarily include in the treatment of vasoconstrictive drops for the nose: "Naphthyzin "Sanorin "Tonic". It is also recommended nasal disinfectant "Protargol".
5. To relieve pain, you should bury your ear with boric alcohol. Appropriate anesthetics in combination with antibiotics - levomitsetin with lidocaine, "phenazone".
6. The course of treatment includes physiotherapy. Widely used UHF-heating, laser treatment, microcurrents. Recommended alcohol warming compresses.

Throughout the treatment, it is necessary to regularly and timely remove the purulent exudates after treatment with hydrogen peroxide. It is important to remember: if the inflammatory phenomena do not decrease by the fifth day, it is necessary to consult a doctor.

Treatment of otitis in children

Uncomplicated inflammation of the ears in children pass quickly enough. As a rule, the pediatrician does not prescribe antibiotics. With the timely access to the doctor of long and complex courses of therapy, does not cause ear inflammation. Treatment includes only antipyretic and analgesic drugs. Improvement is observed after a day. If the treatment does not bring the long-awaited relief, the pediatrician connects the antibiotic.

Do not choose ear drops yourself. Follow strictly the doctor's recommendation. Unfortunately, drops, used without an appointment, can greatly damage the baby.

During illness, the child's appetite may worsen. You should not force him to eat. With the disappearance of the pain syndrome, the former appetite will return. It is very important to give your baby plenty of fluids, especially with fever.

With frequent otitis, it makes sense to discuss with the pediatrician the vaccination of the child. For most countries, the vaccination against otitis is one of the mandatory. It protects the baby from the effects of bacteria that most often cause otitis.

Inflammation of the lymph node

Painful sensations can also occur in the area of ​​the auricle. Under the skin are the lymph nodes. There is such inflammation behind the ear "cone". The reason lies in the penetration of the infection into the lymph node with a stream of lymph or blood. Provoke the emergence of "cone" foci of infection. Most often, inflammation of the lymph node is a consequence of tooth disease.

Adequate treatment will be chosen by an ENT doctor or surgeon. Self-medication is completely unacceptable. The doctor will prescribe the appropriate antibiotic therapy. In the case of a purulent inflammatory process, surgical treatment is performed.

Prevention of otitis

The most important measure is the timely treatment of infections in accordance with the appointment of a doctor. It is very important for children, because unformed immunity is not able to provide a full level of protection. As a result, babies can suffer from chronic otitis.

Main preventive measures:

• Increased immunity. According to statistics, ear infections in most cases occur after a flu or cold.
• Compliance with hygiene rules.It is not a secret that any infections are transmitted by airborne droplets. Sometimes through a handshake. Children can "catch" the infection through toys. The elementary observance of the rules of hygiene and cleanliness in the house (especially in the children's room) is able to protect against a variety of diseases.
• Do not smoke.It is very important to take this warning into account. Smoking with a child is not allowed. Especially if the baby is often diagnosed with otitis. After all, a passive child-smoker gets an additional chance of infection of the middle ear.
• Vaccination.As already noted, if there is a need, this question should be discussed with the doctor. Today, a new vaccine, Prevnar 13, is used successfully to prevent ear infections. Immunization is recommended by analogy with proven old methods. In infancy, inoculation is done at 2, 4, 6, 12 and 15 months.

Conclusion

When there is inflammation of the ear, it is difficult to overlook it. A aching or sharp pain just makes you crazy. All things fall into the background, and the brain is frantically looking for a way out of the situation: how to get rid of suffering?

With the ears, any jokes end rather badly. That's why, with the first symptoms you should consult an ENT doctor. Examination of the patient's ear will allow the doctor to determine the cause of the disease, and therefore pick up adequate treatment. Remember that a properly selected course of therapy will save you much more quickly from suffering and will allow you to return to a full life much earlier.

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Ear otitis in a child: symptoms, causes and treatment

Ear otitis in a child occurs much more often than in adults. The reasons for this imbalance are obvious - they are associated with the not yet sufficiently strengthened immune system of babies, which is not yet able to actively resist the development of inflammation. External manifestations of the disease, depending on the type of otitis media, differ, and therapeutic approaches should also be different.

What are otitis media in children and why they occur

Otitis is an inflammation of the ear.What are otitis media in children and what are their differences? There are external otitis and otitis media, depending on which department of the ear is inflamed. The course of the disease, which is very common at a young age, can be acute or chronic. The inflammatory process can, accompanied by suppuration or not accompanied by it. In this inflammation, there is a hearing disorder (mild to moderate hearing loss). The danger of all kinds of otitis in children is in their complications. Especially dangerous complications of purulent otitis. Remembering this, my mother should be attentive to the complaints of the child. If the child complains about the ear, the mother should immediately call the child's doctor. He, having examined the child, will give the necessary recommendations and, if he deems it necessary, appoint a consultation of a children's ENT doctor.

Otitis externa may be a furuncle of the external auditory canal, but may be external otitis and spilled. The furuncle develops as a result of the infection in the hair follicle or the sebaceous gland that is near this sac. Why does external otitis occur in young children? The cause of infection is usually a minor skin trauma (mum does not observe caution, when the child is cleaning the eye, or the child puts in his ear a hard object with sharp edges).

Acute otitis media often develops as a complication of an acute cold. In the role of pathogens may act staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci, etc. The cause of otitis media in children are adenoidal disorders that cover the mouth of the Eustachian pipes and thereby create conditions for air stagnation in the "drum-eustachian system" trumpet". In turn, the complication of acute otitis media, as well as complication of tubotitis is

The causative agents of acute purulent otitis are the same as in acute otitis media. If, for some reason, there is no timely and sufficient treatment for acute purulent otitis, if the sick child is not eating well, if the resistance of his body is reduced due to some prolonged illness, the acute purulent process in the ear can be transformed into a chronic one, and then it is already possible to talk about the presence of a chronic purulent otitis. Among the causes of this otitis in children, it is necessary to name such pathogens as streptococci, staphylococcus and E. coli. If the pseudomonas aeruginosa appears in the ear, the otitis proceeds very hard.

What are the symptoms of external and middle otitis media in a child

What are the symptoms of otitis in a child depending on the type of inflammation?

With external otitis, the child complains of pain in the ear. The pain is growing, and when you press the tragus of the auricle, it is even worse. Body temperature rises, parotid and cervical lymph nodes increase, tissues in the external ear canal swell strongly - sometimes this passage is completely closed. After opening the furuncle, pus is poured from the ear. Soon after this, recovery comes.

Acute otitis media begins some time after the onset of a cold. Again, a characteristic sign of otitis media is a pain in the ear. Sometimes a child complains of pain in both ears. If you click on the tragus of the ear, the pain becomes stronger. Body temperature rises, appetite and sleep are affected. There is a noise in the Ear, hearing is broken. The JIOP-doctor sees the reddening of the tympanic membrane when examining the patient's ear. Also, with the average otitis of the ear in a child, the symptoms are changes in the blood test: leukocytosis, increased ESR.

Symptoms of purulent and chronic otitis media in a child

Acute purulent otitis proceeds with the same symptoms, but to them signs of intoxication of the organism are added:increased fatigue, general weakness, pale skin and mucous membranes. Increased body temperature - up to 40 ° C - lasts several days. The pain in the ear becomes stronger and, as it were, pulsates. At some point, there is a breakthrough of pus accumulating in the tympanum, through the tympanic membrane outside; and the amount of pus can be significant. When pus breaks through it, as a rule, an admixture of blood is found. After the pus empties, the pain quickly fades into nothing. There is a hearing disorder.

The chronic purulent otitis is characterized by a suppuration, which lasts a long time. The suppuration may be permanent or intermittent. The substance separated from the ear can have a mucous or mucus-like nature; rarely - festering. If the pseudomonas arisens in the ear or if pus stagnates in the tympanum, a putrid smell from the ear may appear. Symptom of this otitis in the child is a constant noise in the patient's ear. The doctor sees a hole in the eardrum when viewed (with the help of a special instrument) of the tympanic membrane. Chronic purulent otitis may be complicated by mastoiditis, meningitis; local complications - proliferation of granulations, the appearance of polyps; a fairly rare complication is cholesteatoma.

How to properly treat an ear otitis in a child

Before treating otitis in a child, the baby must be shown to a specialist. The patient is examined by the ENT doctor and prescribes the necessary therapy. When treating otitis in a child is very important nutrition. The child's diet should contain more foods that are sources of vitamins A, C, B, etc. for the body.

With external otitis, the patient's ear warms up several times a day, making warming compresses (around the ear). In the external auditory meatus every day put turundas with a doctor-appointed remedy. Physiotherapy is effective.

With acute otitis media, treatment is also local and general. How correctly to treat an otitis of the child if it has arisen in the middle ear? In this case, warming up several times a day; around the ear make warming compresses with vegetable or camphor oil, vodka, semi-alcoholic compresses.

With severe pain in the ear, analgesic drops are prescribed. The effectiveness of treatment is increased when physiotherapy is connected. Simultaneously, the nose is treated - with the aim of quickly restoring the function of the Eustachian tube.

And how to treat an ear otitis in a child, if the disease is an acute purulent inflammation? In this case, the doctor makes a paracentesis - a small incision in the tympanic membrane. Through this incision poured out, and the state of the baby improves. The doctor observes the child every day, performs the toilet of the ear, puts in the external ear canal of turunda with medicines. The patient's ear is warmed, warming compresses are put on, physioprocedures are done. With symptoms of purulent otitis in children, treatment is also prescribed for the nose with a nasopharynx.

With chronic purulent otitis, the doctor also makes a daily ear toilet; locally used anti-inflammatory drugs; antibiotics are administered parenterally; physiotherapy is prescribed. In those cases when conservative therapy is ineffective, when complications of otitis may occur, surgical treatment is indicated. If you can achieve a long period without suppuration, an operation is performed to restore the integrity of the tympanic membrane. This operation is called "myringoplasty."

Treatment of otitis in children at home: first aid to a child

The kid suddenly complained that his ear hurts. Timely competent actions of the mother will help in this case to alleviate the child's condition and prevent the development of dangerous complications. Before starting treatment for otitis in children at home, first, of course, you need to call a precinct pediatrician at home.

After that, the mother must:

• to measure the child's body temperature; if the body temperature is increased significantly, the child is recommended to give something of antipyretics: paracetamol in the form of a syrup, Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) in the age-appropriate dose, a small child - put a cefekon candle; If the mother gives the sick child acetylsalicylic acid, then - by all means on milk;
• if the pain is severe, and the child can not tolerate it, providing first aid in otitis in a child, you need to give for oral intake of any pain medication - for example analgin in the age-related dose; an analgesic is injected into the ear - you can inject into the ear novocaine, otinum, if they are in the home medicine chest; if neither novocaine, no on hand at hand, you can drip a few drops of warm vodka into the external auditory meatus; quite quickly the pain in the ear weakens after introducing a few drops of warm vegetable oil into it; for this purpose, you can use any vegetable oil - olive, corn, sunflower, soybean, etc. (on the child's recovery the ear needs to be rinsed to remove from the external auditory meatus the remains oil); After the mother dripped the baby in the ear one of these means, he should be about 15 min. lie down - while the sick ear should be facing the ceiling; after instillations the external ear canal is always plugged with a cotton swab;
• When treating otitis in a child at home, you need to warm up your sore ear; The warming-up procedure, despite its simplicity, is very effective; is due to its effectiveness in that heat is always characterized by a mild analgesic effect; in addition, heat causes local expansion of blood vessels and, therefore, a rush of blood to the sore ear, and in conditions of abundant blood supply the inflammation focuses much faster; sometimes it is enough to warm your ear once the very beginning of the disease - and the process of inflammation begins to "take positions warm up your baby need 3-4 times a day; Each time the warm-up procedure should take 12-15 minutes; it is recommended to use an ordinary heating pad (the child should lie on the hot-water bottle with a sick ear); It is important to remember that with an increase in the body temperature of warming do not;
• Also, such assistance is very effective for children in the home, like warming compresses; when inflamed, compress around the ear; most often for compresses use such means as sunflower oil, camphor oil, vodka, alcohol, half diluted with water; make warming compresses 2 times a day: 1 times a day on, -2 h. and for the whole night; if the child has increased body temperature, compresses in no case can not be done, otherwise the body temperature will rise;
• close the child with a dry ear with dry cotton wool; until the doctor says that the recovery has come, the ear of the baby should be permanently closed; cotton wool is fixed on the ear with a handkerchief or cap.

Folk remedies for the treatment of otitis in children

It is necessary to warn that methods and means recommended by traditional medicine are used as a supplement to the basic treatment that the JIOP doctor will assign to the child.

Below are listed the best folk remedies for treatment of otitis in children at home:

• alternating with other means, bury in a sick ear a warm infusion of chamomile flowers; Preparation of the infusion: 1 teaspoonful dry flowers in a preheated cookware, pour a glass of boiling water and press under the lid for about 15 minutes. strain;
• when folk treatment of otitis in children should be put twice a day in the external auditory canal gauze turuns (fitilechki), impregnated with warm walnut oil, for 2-3 hours;
• Propolis oil can be used as an effective anti-inflammatory and analgesic; to put with it 2 times a day for 2-3 hours. in a sick ear gauze turundas;
• there is more grapes; preferably - sweet varieties; grapes for the body - an excellent source of energy, very necessary for fighting the disease;
• cleaning the external auditory canal from the pus, moisten the cotton swab with fresh juicy lemon juice (bear onions);
• an effective folk remedy for otitis in children is mixed in equal quantities fresh juice of onions and flaxseed oil; moistened with this mixture gauze turunda, you need to put the latter in the outer ear canal for -2 hours; alternate with others means.

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