Intestinal flu symptoms in adults 2016

Treatment and symptoms of intestinal (gastric) flu in children and adults

Gastrointestinal flu, intestinal flu is a simplified name for a disease, which in medicine is called gastroenteritis or rotavirus infection, since this disease is not actually a flu. The causative agent of gastroenteritis are various viruses, most often it is the virus of the order Rotavirus, as well as astroviruses, caliciviruses, noroviruses and adenoviruses, which, when multiplied, lead to inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract.

In general, children with this disease are susceptible to this disease, the intestinal flu in children lasts longer and is more severe, as well as older people. Symptoms of gastric flu are pronounced, but at the same time, in adults with a strong immune system, rotavirus infection can occur in a latent form, asymptomatic, while an apparently healthy person can be the carrier of the pathogen. Usually within a week the acute period of the disease ends and after 5-7 days there is a complete recovery, during this period the patient is still contagious.

How can you get stomach flu?

The easiest way to avoid getting infected with gastric flu is to wash your hands thoroughly

The virus penetrates the human body through the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract. The incubation period of this disease is from 16 hours to five days. The rate of development and severity of the course of the gastric flu depends on the concentration of the pathogen penetrated into the body and the state of the human immune system.

• One type of transmission is food. That is, the infection enters the body through unwashed fruits, vegetables, substandard dairy products. Gastrointestinal flu can rightfully be called a "dirty hand disease". Also, infection through not boiled tap water, even with banal bathing, is possible.
• The second way of infection is airborne. With loud talk, sneezing, coughing, germs from a sick person spread in the air.
• It is not excluded and contact-household way of transmission of the pathogen, especially in places of mass congestion: in offices, in kindergartens, schools, shops.

The causative agent of gastric flu is very viable, the usual detergents can not destroy it. It is sufficiently resistant to frost and high temperatures, withstands heating to 60 ° C. The intestinal virus is destroyed only by concentrated chlorine-containing disinfectants.

What happens in the body during infection?

With the penetration of rotavirus into the body, half an hour later, it is possible to detect the pathogen in the cells of the small intestine. Due to the attack of the virus, the structure of the intestinal mucosa is disturbed. This, in turn, leads to a disruption in the production of digestive enzymes responsible for the cleavage of complex sugars. Thus, non-split carbohydrates accumulate in the small intestine, this attracts an excessive amount of fluid, causing diarrhea or watery diarrhea.

Symptoms of gastrointestinal influenza

If the child is sick, then a pediatrician's call is needed to determine the possibility of treatment at home or hospitalization in a hospital. As a rule, if vomiting is observed no more than 5 times, and the stool is not more often than 10 times a day, then outpatient treatment is acceptable. About 5 days the incubation period of gastric flu lasts. Symptoms of it are quite acute and violent.

Literally a few hours before the appearance of dyspepsia (gastrointestinal disorder), first there appear a small cough, runny nose, sore throats, which quickly pass. From other infectious diseases, the gastrointestinal tract is distinguished by intestinal flu, the symptoms of which begin not with digestive disorders, but with rapidly passing catarrhal phenomena.
The main signs of gastric flu:

• Pain in the throat when swallowing, redness in the throat
• Catarrhal phenomena - a slight runny nose, coughing, sneezing, which quickly pass
• Liquid stool up to 5-10 times a day, stools abundant, gray-yellow, clayey, with a sharp odor, but without mucus and blood
• Pain in the abdomen, rumbling
• Nausea, vomiting
• High fever or subfebrile
• Growing Weakness
• With severe development of gastric flu, dehydration (symptoms) is possible.

Similar symptoms may be accompanied by other diseases, such as cholera, salmonella, food poisoning, therefore, to differentiate the diagnosis, you should immediately consult a physician (see p. also the causes of vomiting and diarrhea in a child without fever).

Treatment of gastrointestinal influenza

Specific treatment of rotavirus does not exist yet. The main treatment is aimed at reducing intoxication, normalization of water-salt metabolism, which is disturbed by diarrhea and vomiting. That is, the treatment is mostly symptomatic, aimed at reducing the negative impact of the virus on the body: prevent dehydration, reduce toxicity, restore the urinary and cardiovascular system, prevent the development of a secondary bacterial infection.

• First of all, rehydration therapy is necessary, for which 1 bag of Regidron is dissolved in a liter of boiled water and drunk during the day every half hour. If desired, this solution for rehydration can be done by yourself - boiled water 700 ml (or a weak chamomile broth) + 300 ml of decoction of dried apricots (carrots or raisins) + 4-8 h. tablespoons sugar + 1 hour. spoon of common salt + 1/2 h. spoons of soda. It is indicated for repeated vomiting and diarrhea, to drink with small sips. Adults, regardless of the severity of the condition after vomiting or stool, drink 200 ml. solution, since fluid loss should be replenished in the first 6 hours. Children with frequent vomiting and diarrhea are shown hospitalization.
• When it will be possible to take food, it is necessary to strictly observe a sparing diet and to exclude from the diet all dairy and sour-milk products, as they contribute to the rapid expansion of pathogenic bacteria in the intestine.
• Also, the patient should take sorbents, such as Activated Carbon, Enterosgel, Smecta, Polysorb, STI Filter.
• With severe diarrhea with fever, doctors usually appoint Furazolidone (70 rubles) Enterofuril (300 caps. 500 suspension) or Enterol, their use helps to stop a prolonged course of diarrhea.
• And also should take medicines with digestive enzymes - Creon, Pancreatin, Mezim forte. In rare cases, phthalazole can be prescribed, but it can be used no more than 3 days.
• When the acute phase of the disease passes, it is necessary to restore the intestinal microflora. For this, there are many medicines, such as Linex, Bifiform, Rioflora-immuno, RioFlora-Balance, Bifidumbacterin Forte, Hilak Fort, etc. (cm. a complete list of all probiotics).

A few facts about intestinal flu

Does the flu vaccine help with intestinal flu?

Do not confuse two completely different diseases, two different pathogens. Of course, some signs of ordinary flu resemble symptoms of gastrointestinal flu - headache, manifestations of general intoxication, aches in joints, temperature. However, the usual flu does not cause a strong intestinal disorder and vaccination against it can not protect against infection with rotavirus infections.

Intestinal flu is very contagious

In the warm season, when there is a maximum spread of viral gastroenteritis, hygiene should be carefully observed. Gastric flu penetrates into the body by a fecal-oral route, that is, from a sick person through an infected vomiting or feces when a healthy person touches a contaminated surface. Moreover, it is not uncommon for sewage, reservoirs, where the rest are bathed, contaminated food and dishes cooked by an infected person, contribute to the transmission of the causative agent of intestinal flu. Only careful washing of hands before any intake of food is able to protect against the development of gastroenteritis.

The gastrointestinal flu virus is quite hardy in the external environment

The causative agent of intestinal flu (norovirus) for several hours can remain alive on any surfaces in everyday life even after harvesting, moreover, enough even a very small amount of it is enough to infect a child. It is better to wash hands with soap under running water, this is more effective than using other hand products (napkins, spray).

Symptoms of the flu can not appear right away

Such intestinal symptoms as abdominal cramps, diarrhea and vomiting occur only after 1-2 days, after hitting infection in the body, because the virus should reach the gastrointestinal tract and multiply in it. However, such pathogens as salmonellosis, etc., can cause signs of food poisoning after a few hours.

The most serious danger in children and adults is dehydration

Especially it is dangerous for children, as during vomiting and diarrhea there is a loss of fluid, it should be replenished. Moreover, with the liquid the body loses potassium, sodium and other minerals. Therefore, rehydration therapy (rehydron) is indicated. It is best to drink mineral water without gases, green tea, chamomile broth. It is not necessary to use milk, sour-milk products, bread and sweets in an acute period. During the recovery period, you should replenish the supplies of potassium, adding to the diet products such as bananas, rice porridge.

Intestinal flu not treated with antibiotics

Because this intestinal disorder is caused by a virus, antibiotics can not help here, contrary to the beliefs of many. Intestinal flu is treated symptomatically and antibacterial drugs are not indicated.

zdravotvet.ru

Intestinal flu in adults - symptoms and treatment

Intestinal flu is a disease caused by rotavirus infection. A peculiarity of the pathology can be called a combination of symptoms, characteristic of colds and intestinal frustration.

How does the intestinal flu develop in adults?

Often, pathology is called a disease of unwashed hands. The name accurately conveys the reason for the transmission of the viral infection. The main mechanism of infection is fecal-oral. At the same time, the peddler often does not suspect the presence of the virus in his body. The greatest risk of catching rotavirus exists in the initial period of clinical signs, which lasts 3-5 days.

Infection can be massive, since the virus settles on household items, perfectly feels in the water, long time is preserved at low temperatures. Often the source of infection is dairy products - almost the ideal habitat for a given microorganism.

The virus affects the mucous membranes of the digestive tract. To a greater extent, the villi of the small intestine are affected. This leads to poor digestion of food, as well as the accumulation of disaccharides in this area. As a result, the body tries to remove toxins and toxins by directing a greater volume of water to the organ. In turn, this leads to the development of characteristic symptoms and can cause dehydration.

Clinical picture

Symptoms of intestinal flu in adults flow brightly, so treatment can begin as early as the first stage of infection. The initial symptoms are acute:

• increased flatulence;
• pain in the upper abdomen;
• attacks of nausea and vomiting;
• severe diarrhea;
• headache;
• weakness;
• it is possible to raise the temperature to 39 degrees;
• coryza;
• cough;
• pain in the larynx.

The clinical picture may vary depending on the course of the pathology. So, the severe development of intestinal flu in adults or lack of timely treatment can lead to loss of consciousness.

How to treat intestinal flu in adults?

Unfortunately, medicine does not have the means to rid the body of rotavirus. Therefore, the main program for treatment of intestinal influenza in adults includes the use of drugs that inhibit the activity of the microorganism and ensure the elimination of symptoms:

1. Rehydration therapy involves the introduction of drugs needed to replenish nutrients, as well as fluid. Isotonic solutions are widely used.
2. To reduce intoxication, sorbents, such as activated carbon, are used.
3. Probiotics help to normalize the intestinal microflora.
4. If there is a temperature, knocking it down is not recommended, since under these conditions the virus dies much faster. Taking drugs that knock down the temperature is only indicated in case of extreme heat or when the patient is seriously ill.
5. It is important to follow a literate diet, which completely excludes dairy products, drinks with gas, fatty and fried foods.

Intestinal flu in adults and children can lead to complications. One of them often becomes cardiovascular insufficiency. With weakened immunity, against a background of severe dehydration complications of the disease increase the risk of death.

After recovering rotavirus infection, a person is not protected from infection in the future. However, the recurrent disease of intestinal flu in adults occurs with weakened signs, which practically do not pose a threat to the body. Therefore, a specific disease does not require a second disease.

WomanAdvice.ru

Treatment of intestinal flu in adults

Intestinal flu is a serious disease if not taken in time. It can become complicated and lead to irreversible processes in the body. A special course of treatment is not provided, the doctor prescribes therapy that will help the body actively fight infection. Treatment is symptomatic, facilitates the patient's condition.

We restore the water-salt balance

The disease leads to dehydration, exhaustion of the body, so you need to drink as much fluid as possible. Pay attention to special pharmaceutical salt preparations, which contain a large number of mineral salts, such belongs to Regidron. Also recommend to drink drinking as much as possible non-carbonated mineral water, a compote of dried fruits.

Salt preparation should be diluted, as written in the instructions, you do not need to do it by sight, so as not to harm the body, salt can always attract a large amount of water. Such a mineral mixture can be tried at home, you need: a kitchen salt - a tablespoon; sugar - two tablespoons; water - one liter. Recommend to add lemon to taste. To restore cells of the intestine, the stomach, you need to take infusion with mint, chamomile.

We are treated with medicinal preparations

Intestinal flu leads to the fact that there is a failure in the development of enzymes necessary for the digestive system. It is recommended to take Festal, Mezim.

It is advised to take enterosorbents, with the help of them you can remove toxic substances, recommend using Smectoo, activated charcoal, these drugs will help to quickly remove the virus from the body.

To remove pathogenic microflora from the intestine, it is necessary to use probiotics, they include a large number of bacteria, they participate in the digestive processes.

Whether it is necessary to take antibiotics or not, the attending doctor decides. Not always these medications help to destroy viruses, some can further damage, because they get rid of useful microorganisms.

We use a diet to treat intestinal flu

It is important to pay attention to dietary nutrition, so you can quickly restore the work of the gastrointestinal tract. In the diet to include sour-milk products, the porridge should be a liquid consistency, cook it on the water. Also recommend to use tea, only without sugar, it should be strong.

It is necessary to refuse whole milk, dark bread, sugar, raw fruits, vegetables. Intestinal flu lasts no more than a week, so you need to follow all the rules and observe quarantine about two weeks so as not to infect others.

If the patient has lost his appetite, you need to eat jelly, broth, semolina, rice porridge, they are cooked on the water, butter is not necessary to add. In the diet you can include low-fat cottage cheese, only you need to grind it.

It is allowed to use boiled meat, low-fat fish, wheat bread. Salt in your diet should be as small as possible.

You can drink broths with raspberries, blueberries, currants, cocoa can be cooked on the water. When diarrhea decreases, gradually you can enter vegetarian soup, mashed potatoes, honey, carrots, buckwheat.

How to protect against intestinal flu?

1. You can not use unwashed fruits, vegetables, it is best to use them before boiling them with boiled water.

2. Before you drink milk, you must necessarily boil it.

3. Be sure to wash your hands with soap before eating.

4. If you have to contact the patient, observe the sanitary standards, you may need to take medications that improve the immune system.

5. Protect against rotavirus infection can be through vaccination.

Urgent flu emergency treatment

At the first symptoms of intestinal flu, you should consult your doctor, especially if it appears weakness, dizzy, it speaks of dehydration of the body, it can also hurt your throat. In the event that the body temperature rises, vomiting, diarrhea, sweating, attention dissipation, constantly want to sleep, urgently need to call an ambulance.

Urgent medical care is needed if blood stains in vomiting and vomiting. Danger of dehydration, which dry out in the mouth, worries about thirst, difficulty urinating. Body temperature can rise to 39 degrees. Sometimes there is bloating, in the abdominal area there may be severe pain, which gives down the abdomen. You can not let vomiting and nausea last more than two days.

To accurately diagnose the disease, it is necessary to pass an analysis of stool. To prevent complications, you need to adhere to bed rest, drink as much liquid as possible, take medications that will help reduce heat.

Note that the temperature will be lost only if it is higher than 38 degrees. To treat rotovirus, you need to use folk methods, they do not harm like medications.

Intestinal spasm can be removed with No-shpa. Keep track of your health, if you become worse, worried about constant vomiting, diarrhea, you may need hospitalization, everything can end in a fatal outcome.

To get rid of diarrhea, you need to take Enterofuril. You need to drink it in the morning and in the evening, do not forget to observe the dosage. The drug can be used no more than 5 days. To restore the intestinal microflora will help Linex, Symbiot and other probiotics.

So, intestinal flu is a dangerous infectious disease. It is important to get rid of symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea in time, for this you need to drink plenty of water to prevent dehydration. When the disease is recommended to drink fruit drinks, broths with rose hips, mineral still water. If the disease worsens, you need to contact your doctor.

medportal.su

Symptoms and treatment of diarrhea in case of influenza

Diarrhea with influenza is a fairly common symptom, which indicates an infectious disease of the gastrointestinal tract. In another way, this disease is called intestinal flu. In addition, you can observe the temperature, weakness and dehydration of the body. For children this symptom can cause irreparable harm. But adults should not leave this unattended, if they have such a sign of the disease. It is necessary to treat, not eliminate the problem.

General information on intestinal flu

Intestinal flu is an infectious disease, which in medicine is called gastroenteritis. This disease belongs to the order of rotaviruses. The infection enters the gastrointestinal tract and multiplies there.Most often this disease affects children.They have a period of illness worse than that of adults. Symptoms are very well expressed, and in adults it can occur asymptomatically, in a latent form, but the person continues to be the carrier of the pathogen. This disease lasts for 5-7 days, then it must take at least a week for the patient to finally cure and cease to be the carrier of this disease.

The virus enters the person through the mucous membrane. From the type of virus that penetrated the human body, its further development and progress will depend. It's important what kind of immune system a person has. She can both fight the virus, and surrender and wait for the person to start to fight for their own health. The incubation period lasts 16 hours, and can last for five days. The most common way of getting the infection into the body is food. That is, low-quality dairy products, spoiled meat products, unwashed vegetables and fruits - all this can lead to a disease like intestinal flu. It also includes unwashed hands, unboiled tap water, swimming in different water bodies, lakes, rivers and so on.

The second way of getting the infection is by airborne droplets. When a person speaks loudly, sneezes or coughs, then his microbes spread in the air. There is also a contact-household way. Infection can get into the human body in places with a large population. These are kindergartens, offices, transport, shops, public toilets.

The causative agent of intestinal flu is very tenacious, and it is not so easy to destroy, especially with simple detergents. He can die only at the lowest temperature or at high (not lower than 60 degrees). And water with such a temperature does not flow in a conventional tap. Therefore, it is recommended to destroy this gastric virus with a concentrated chlorine-containing disinfectant.

Rotavirus can be determined after half an hour after it has entered the human body. He will be in the cells of the small intestine. When the virus attacks the intestine, the structure of the mucous membrane immediately breaks down. Immediately disrupted the production of digestive enzymes, which, in turn, are responsible for splitting complex sugars. Consequently, these carbohydrates accumulate in the intestine, gradually begin to pull down all the fluid in the body to it and thereby cause diarrhea and watery diarrhea.

Symptoms of intestinal flu

When your child begins to suffer such a disease, you should immediately call a pediatrician, who will decide whether you need hospitalization for your baby or you can be treated at home.

Often this disease occurs in children in the first years of life and has the following symptoms:

• growing malaise;
• weakness;
• temperature 38 degrees and above;
• chills;
• abdominal pain;
• vomiting;
• dehydration;
• a loose stool without blood, an acidic odor is possible;
• can appear cough, headache, runny nose.

Very often these symptoms are mistaken for banal poisoning. For example, when there is diarrhea, the parents give the child a drug that eliminates this symptom, and does not even think that they just disguised him, and not cured. When a child has diarrhea, it means that his body is trying to get rid of the infection by all means, taking it out in different ways. And when the drug is given, the infection does not disappear anywhere, it just begins to accumulate inside the child, which can only aggravate the situation.

If the parents noticed that the vomiting of the child is observed no more than 5 times a day, and the stool - up to 10 times, the child can be left for treatment at home. It is important to remember that everything starts as a regular flu. That is, first parents can notice that the child coughs and sneezes, his throat hurts. These signs pass fairly quickly. This is what distinguishes the intestinal flu from any other gastrointestinal disease. This disease does not begin with an upset stomach. The main thing is not to miss these rapidly passing catarrhal phenomena.

As for diarrhea, it can be gray-yellow, slightly clay, but without mucus.

These symptoms may indicate other diseases, such as: cholera, food poisoning, salmonellosis and many others. And to be sure that it is an intestinal flu, you should immediately consult a doctor. Adults with rotavirus disease also have the same symptoms as children, but they tolerate it more easily and quickly. For them, the incubation period lasts only a few days.

Treatment of gastrointestinal influenza

Well-known treatment of gastric flu is not yet available. The doctor begins to treat the patient and prescribes to him those drugs that will help to remove intoxication, to establish a water-salt balance, disturbed by a similar flu. This treatment is aimed at reducing the negative impact of the virus on the human body. Drugs do not allow the body to be completely dehydrated, eliminate toxins and restore the work of the cardiovascular and urinary system.

In such cases, the specialist prescribes in the first place such a medicine as Regidron. It must be dissolved in boiled water and drink 1 packet every half hour. If you do not have such a bag at hand, you can use the folk method. It is a chamomile broth and a decoction of dried apricots (you can replace it with carrots or raisins). Add sugar, salt and soda, and drink every half hour. To make up for the water balance, you need to drink liquid, but do not immediately drink a glass or a jug of water, but little by little, but often. If a person drinks a lot of water at once, this will cause another vomiting attack.

Adults must drink a decoction or solution immediately after vomiting or diarrhea. If the child often vomits and he constantly goes to the toilet, then he needs urgent hospitalization. Often still appoint or nominate such preparation, as Smekta. It envelops the human intestine and tries to reduce the irritative process in the body. In this list, it is also necessary to add Activated Carbon, Enterosgel and many other similar medicines. If there is a very high fever with this disease, doctors prescribe medications that stop the rapid course of diarrhea.

Be sure to observe a very strict diet. After an adult or a child is being treated, he is prescribed drugs that restore the intestinal microflora. There are a lot of such drugs: Lineks, Hilak Forte and so on.

Complications after this disease can also be. According to statistics, only 2% of the total population can die from this disease. But this applies to those who have very weak immunity and did not turn to the doctor on time.

If an adult has had intestinal flu in childhood, then doctors give little chance that this virus will return.

Prophylaxis of ailment

It is necessary to know about the prevention of this disease, which will help to avoid it. Always wash your hands, especially before eating. Do not contact people who are sick at the moment. To buy and there are only the checked up and qualitative products, especially it concerns dairy products (including check it is necessary a period of validity). Wash vegetables and fruits, buy purified water and boil it.

If you follow such simple rules every day and accustom your whole family to it, you can never find on your way a disease like intestinal flu. After all, the most important thing is to take care of your health and the health of your relatives and friends.

respiratoria.ru

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