Drops for dilating pupils: what are

Eye drops, specifically designed to expand the pupils are more known as mydriatica. This name occurs in the Latin word mydriasis, which means "dilated pupil". Most often they are used during preparation for ophthalmoscopy and other diagnostic studies. Also used for long-term treatment of accommodation spasm.

Such drugs are not intended for self-administration, since they have many contraindications for use and side effects. Select a specific drug, its dosage and the frequency of application should determine the doctor.

Application area

There are 3 main indications for the application of mydriatic:

1. Preparation for diagnostic tests. The preliminary dilatation of the pupil allows the doctor to fully examine the fundus, the lens, the vessels of the fundus, and the optic nerve. This will help in time to diagnose problems such as retinal detachment;
2. Relaxation of the visual muscle.Used for the selection of glasses for children;
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3. Preparing for surgical operationsno laser correction;
4. Treatment. Such drugs are prescribed as part of a comprehensive therapy of accommodation spasm, amblyopia, as well as various inflammatory diseases.

In each of the specific cases, the specialist individually selects the drug, dosage, the frequency of application and the duration of the course of treatment.Some eye diseases can not be diagnosed without the use of these drugs.

Mydriatics, intended for the treatment of amblyopia and other diseases, have a longer lasting effect. Preparations intended for preparation for diagnostic studies have a short-term effect.

Features of preparations

Middriatics cause for a limited time a compulsory dilatation of the pupils. This allows the doctor to freely examine the internal structure of the eye. Drops for dilating the pupils can be of 2 kinds:

1. Direct. Preparations of this group cause a contraction of the radial muscle of the eye. These include phenylephrine-based drugs, such as Irifrin;
2. Indirect.Such drugs affect the circular muscle of the eye, relaxing it. They not only expand the icons, but also contribute to the adjustment of the focus of vision. These are eye drops, such as Midrum, Tropicamide or Cyclomide.

The effect of the use of eye drops, used primarily for examination of the fundus, remains.Drugs with the lowest dosage are used if an ophthalmoscopy is needed for a newborn or premature baby.

Midrum extends the icon and contributes to the focus setting

Interestingly, in people with light eyes, the effect of using such drops is more pronounced than in brown-eyed.

List

To prepare for ophthalmoscopy or surgical intervention, the most commonly used drugs are:

• Atropine. The most famous drug, the effect of which persists for up to 10 hours. A serious disadvantage is its toxicity and a large number of side effects. Contraindications to its use are the iris synechia. Children up to 7 years of age are not allowed to use the drug at a dosage higher than 1%. It is used with caution in hypertensive disease, as well as chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system;

Atropine - drops with relaxing effect

• Irifrin.The main active ingredient is phenylephrine. The drug is used both for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. It is not applied to children under 12 years old, is contraindicated in people with chronic cardiovascular diseases;

Irifrin drops are used to dilate the pupils

• Appamage Plus. The drug is a quick action, the effect manifests itself after 5 - 10 minutes. Its effect is stopped after 1 to 2 hours. The drug is contraindicated for children under 18 years of age, pregnant women and during lactation. It is also contraindicated in people with angina, diabetes, arrhythmia and thyrotoxicosis;
• Cyclopentolate.Provides a persistent dilated pupil for 6 to 12 hours. The disadvantage is the residual effect of the application persists for up to 2 days. Contraindications for use are glaucoma and paresis of the circular muscle of the eye.

Cyclopentolate drug for dilating pupils

For medicinal purposes, such drugs are used:

• Cyclomed. The effect of the application of these drops persists from 6 to 12 hours. Contraindications for use are children under 3 years old, intestinal obstruction and adenoma;

Cyclopentolate is used for medicinal purposes

• Midratsil. Its analogues are Midrum or Topikamid. The effect of the application is manifested after 25 minutes, and lasts up to 3 hours. Contraindications to use are increased intraocular pressure or any inflammatory diseases of the eyes.

Midratsil drug for dilating pupils

Most of the drugs used to dilate the pupils have such side effects as burning, itching, photophobia and a feeling of discomfort.

All drops intended for the dilatation of pupils are sold at the pharmacy solely on prescription. They are not intended for independent use.

Recommendations for use

Drops intended for the dilatation of the pupil should be used strictly following the recommendations of the doctor. Such drugs are compatible only with adrenalinomimetics or with m-holinolitics. The combination with preparations from the myotics group is inadmissible. When using such drugs, it is important to observe special storage conditions:

• The open vial can not be stored for longer than 1 month;
• The drug is stored separately from other drugs and in a place inaccessible to children;
• Shelf life in a dark place, at a temperature of 12 to 25 C for not more than 2 years.

The drug should not be frozen or overheated.

How to store medicines correctly

After the application of the mydriatic, it is not possible to drive vehicles and other complex mechanisms while the action of the drug persists.

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conclusions

Drops for dilating the pupils or mydriatica are used to prepare for ophthalmoscopy, as well as for surgical interventions. Some drugs are used not only for diagnosis, but also for the treatment of such pathologies as accommodation spasm, amblyopia or inflammatory eye diseases. Such drugs are used strictly according to the doctor's prescription.