Macular degeneration of the retina: description and treatment of pathology

A healthy retina is one of the most important parts of the eyeball. It is from her, first of all, the acuity of vision and the ability to see. But the retina, like other constituent eyes, is prone to various pathologies. That is why when you have any visible symptoms, unpleasant sensations and a decrease in the quality of vision, you should contact an ophthalmologist to identify the true problem.

Definition of disease

Macular degeneration of the retina is a disease of the visual apparatus, the mechanism of which is the defeat of the central region (macula), which causes the deterioration of vision to its full loss.

Manifestation of macular degeneration

The macula consists of cells susceptible to light. They can be damaged for various reasons. First of all, because of a disturbance in the supply of tissues with vital substances against the background of the improper operation of blood vessels.

There are three types of macular degeneration:

• Dry.Characterized by the absence of newly formed capillaries.
• Wet. In this case, new capillaries may be present.
• Senyl.The appearance and course of the disease is due to the weakness and fragility of the vessels of the eyes.

Any problems with the retina should be diagnosed and corrected in time, and therefore delayed with a visit to the doctor is highly discouraged.

Causes

At present, it is not exactly determined under what conditions the nutrition of retinal tissues is disturbed. However, there are factors that can increase the risk of such a problem:

• Smoking;
• Alcohol abuse;
• Sedentary lifestyle, malnutrition;
• Atherosclerosis;
• Prerequisites for capillary obstruction;
• Prolonged use of strong medication;
• Myopia of medium and high degree;
• Cytomegalovirus.

It should be noted that there are also elderly people in the risk group, which means that they need a constant diagnosis in the office of an ophthalmologist first.

Symptoms

As a rule, in the early stages under normal conditions, it is rather difficult to detect a defect in the retina, since it does not deliver any unpleasant sensations, including pain. However, there are signs that can indicate the presence of violations:

• Decreased visual acuity;
• Distortion of objects and their forms;
• Fear of light;
• Optical effects (for example, the appearance of spots).

Since people with myopia already have poor quality visual acuity due to their disease, in their case, the problem is even more difficult to detect. However, such patients are at risk, so their visual apparatus should be subjected to systematic examinations.

Possible complications

The most likely complication of macular degeneration of the retina is the loss of central vision, which can significantly reduce efficiency and lead to rapid fatigue. After treatment, if the doctor's recommendations are not followed, the risk of developing a secondary macular degeneration increases, which is no longer suited well for drug therapy.

Also, complications include further exfoliation of the retina or retinoschisis, its exfoliation and dystrophy.All this provokes deformation of the vitreous, affects the quality of metabolism, intraocular pressure. The latter leads to the development of glaucoma, cataracts, atrophy of the optic nerve.

Treatment

Therapy for this disease is possible.But it is worth noting that no way is able to return already spoiled eyesight. Treatment of macular degeneration of the retina can be aimed only at arresting the disease and stopping its progression.

Medication

The main drugs during the treatment of macular degeneration of the retina are drugs containing components that strengthen the walls of the capillaries.In addition, it is also necessary to take funds that increase immunity, as well as vitamins and antioxidants. There are groups of drugs that need to be digested, taken orally and injected intravenously.

Tautonus - eye antioxidant drops

Surgically

Laser coagulation is also used to combat the disease. It can prevent the appearance of hemorrhages from the fragile vessels of the eye, and also remove the already existing druses.

During the period of treatment it is recommended to actively consume blueberries. Its components can become auxiliary in the main therapy. It is also useful to hold traditional gymnastics for the eyes.

People's means

As a supplement to professional therapy, you can use folk recipes:

• Sprouted wheat. Grain rinse and put in one row in a wide container, add water. When wheat germinates, it is recommended to pass it through a meat grinder. The resulting product should be consumed up to fourteen tablespoons in the morning on an empty stomach.
• A mixture of berries and honey. It is necessary to mix one part of sea-buckthorn, red mountain ash and blueberry, add honey to the berries and mix. Use a mixture of two tablespoons three times a day.
• Oat broth. About half a liter of well washed oats should be poured in water and held for four hours. Next, drain the liquid and place the product in a saucepan, adding to it three liters of clean water. Bring to a boil, drain. Take warm five times a day.
• Drops of celandine. To one tablespoon of grass in dry form, add half a cup of water, bring to a boil and boil for two to three minutes. Decoction to cool, drain. Burying three times a day. The course of treatment is one month.

Traditional recipes can not be replaced by traditional treatment, but they can be used as an additional means of combating macular degeneration.

Prevention

Since the problem of macular degeneration of the retina is not fully understood to the end, preventive measures that can be safely protected against the onset of disease are not developed. But the following measures will significantly reduce the threat:

• Abandon bad habits (nicotine is particularly damaging to the retina and the state of the vessels);
• Use ultraviolet radiation protection;
• Establish proper nutrition, rich in vitamins for the eyes;
• Regularly undergo medical examinations (including in the office of an ophthalmologist);
• Observe the rules of hygiene;
• Monitor the condition of blood vessels.

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conclusions

Macular degeneration of the retina can be considered a truly dangerous disease for the visual apparatus.This is due not only to the fact that it for various reasons contributes to the destruction of the cells of the macula, but it is almost impossible to cure it to the end. So, with the help of various methods it is possible to stop the progression of the disease, but it will not be possible to completely restore the vision. Nevertheless, it is necessary to treat it. The sooner the disease is detected, the less risk of total loss of vision.