Gastritis is called inflammation of the inner shell of the stomach. Depending on the severity of the process, it covers not only the mucosa, but extends to the submucosal and muscular layers. This determines the form of gastritis.
In the diagnosis it is important that the pain of gastritis is not caused by damage to the mucosa. There are no painful receptors in it - nerve endings, through which signals go to the brain. Therefore, such a sign as pain indicates a violation of the function of the muscle layer( stretching, inadequate contractions of individual groups of fibers).
Who has a stomach ache?
Statistics show that in Russia, 85% of the population have signs of gastritis. Most often, people suffer from stomach pain:
- with a disturbed diet( prolonged interruptions in eating, overeating, hungry diets);
- are fond of fast food, fatty meat dishes, spicy seasonings, coffeemakers;
- alcoholics and heavy smokers.
A special group of adults are those who are afraid to consult a doctor and prefer self-administration of medications recommended by a pharmacy worker, neighbors, friends. As a result of long-term use of funds from headaches, for the treatment of joints containing salicylic acid, non-steroid drugs, gastritis occurs.
The stomach does not withstand the negative combined effects of chemical irritants. As the stomach aches with gastritis, emotional and nervous patients who do not know how to deal with stress, suffer from insomnia, blood pressure fluctuations are well aware.
Pain in the stomach( gastralgia) occurs not only with gastritis, but also accompanies gastroptosis( omission of the organ), esophagus cardiospasm, liver, intestine and pancreas diseases.
The process of digestion is so connected with the work of the whole system that the disease of one of the organs causes the failure of the functioning of others, and the inflammation spreads quickly. In 75% of patients gastritis is not isolated.
The alternation of a hungry diet and subsequent overeating disrupts the functioning of the stomach and leads to inflammation
The nature of the pains
The stomach is projected to the uppermost part of the abdomen closer to the central zone( epigastrium).The place where it hurts with gastritis, patients point in the area between the joints of the lower ribs and slightly lower.
Depending on the physique of a particular person, the stomach has a more horizontal or vertical( hanging) position. Accordingly, the stomach can be ill with gastritis in the right and left hypochondrium or in the navel zone.
By nature, the pain syndrome is described by patients as a constant aching. In the beginning, the pains occur immediately after eating, worrying and do not subside all day. In chronic course - do not depend on the time of eating. With each exacerbation of pain become more intense, more difficult to bear sick.
How does pain depend on acidity?
Patients familiar with the diagnosis, necessarily pass the pH-metry. This method establishes the acidity of gastric juice and its fluctuations during the day. In gastroenterology, the symptoms of pain in stomach diseases are included in syndromes of acid formation disorders. This explains the origin of the concomitant signs of gastritis.
With increased acidity
Hyperacid syndrome is characterized by an increase in production of hydrochloric acid, hyperactivity of pepsin, which increases muscle contractions of the wall( motor).This is typical for the defeat of the pyloric zone of the stomach with chronic gastritis.
Pains are of intense paroxysmal nature due to spastic contractions of the muscular layer and pyloric sphincter. Located in epigastrium and hypochondrium on the right, they give back. For the selection of treatment, it is important that the mechanism of pain is associated with excessive activity of the vagus nerve, therefore, in order to alleviate the patient's condition, it is necessary to remove the influence of the vagus.
The secretion type is accompanied by heartburn, burning sensation. Because of gastroesophageal reflux, acid is thrown into the cardiac zone of the esophagus with the development of esophagitis. Patients complain of burning pain in the chest, soreness when swallowing, feeling "lump in the throat".
If normal acid is needed to protect the body from pathogenic bacteria, support the production of pepsin and initiate the breakdown of proteins, then its deficiency or excess is detrimental to the mucosa of
Pain with hyperacid gastritis is stopped:
- with a warmer;
- preparations with spasmolytic action( vagolitics);
- by any means, reducing acidity( food intake, antacid agents).
Gastritis causes indigestion: acidic eructation, nausea, spastic constipation with feces in the form of "sheep" secretions, vomiting that alleviates pain. Patients can self-relieve pain by calling vomiting. This method removes the accumulated acid, removes the spasm of the gatekeeper. The hyperacidity does not affect the appetite, the patients do not lose weight.
When the acidity is reduced
With gastritis with low acidity( hypoacid), the synthesis of acid is reduced to complete cessation( achilia) due to atrophy of the lining cells. The muscle layer loses its tone, the stomach wall stretches.
The mechanism is characteristic of chronic atrophic gastritis. Changes are also observed in the neuromuscular device, which normally responds to high blood pressure in the stomach.
This contributes to the occurrence of pain even with normal tonus of the wall or a slight stretching.
The stomach ache starts to ache immediately after a meal or in 30-40 minutes. Pain is characterized by a stupid character, a sense of heaviness, a lack of clear localization and irradiation. When the food leaves the stomach( after 2-3 hours), the pain stops automatically.
To remove the pain with gastritis with low acidity is much more difficult. Usually, preparations of the prokinetic group( Motilium) are used. There are similar manifestations of dyspepsia, as in hyperacid gastritis, but the eructation does not contain acid.
More expressed intestinal symptoms:
- flatulence;
- rumbling in the abdomen;
- diarrhea.
They are explained by ingestion of undigested food residues into the intestine. For patients, a typical decrease in appetite, a significant weight loss. Atrophic gastritis is one of the causes of malignant degeneration of cells, increases the likelihood of transition to ulcers and stomach cancer.
The association of gastritis with infection
Can gastritis accompany infectious diseases? Inflammation of the stomach is always observed in food poisoning, poisoning with poisonous substances, in the clinic of intestinal infections( salmonellosis, dysentery, cholera).
Manifestations are called gastroenteritis. In contrast to somatic gastritis, in addition to pain and acidity disorders, the role of intoxication is significant in the clinic. In patients:
- the temperature rises;
- sore head and joints;
- more pronounced nausea, vomiting;
- sharp weakness;
- insomnia.
The contents of the stomach are examined for bacterial contamination by a tank.sowing of material from vomit masses
In recent years, serious attention is given to viral gastroenteritis in influenza, herpes. In patients with a severe condition, there are signs of internal bleeding( pale skin, frequent pulse, drop in blood pressure).Unfortunately, it is extremely difficult to cope with it. Mortality remains at a high level.
How does the nature of pain change during the transition of gastritis to the ulcer?
Patients with a long history of the disease should note which pains with gastritis usually disturb when exacerbated and how they change. In case of pain ulcers:
- become much more intense;
- are described as "cutting";
- are clearly time-bound to eat;
- have seasonality of exacerbations in spring and autumn.
Because the ulcers bleed, latent blood is found in the stool tests. When the ulcer is perforated in the abdominal cavity, the pain is of a dagger character, accompanied by shock and peritonitis. Gastric ulcer may first appear bleeding with vomiting blood and black fluid stool.
You can not do anything on your own. Only provide the patient peace, prohibit movement. If the ambulance doctor decides to go to hospital, you should not refuse. Consequences can be life threatening.
What diseases should I distinguish between pain and gastritis?
The origin of gastralgia is not necessarily associated with inflammation( gastritis).Similar pains are observed in other diseases. Gastroesophageal disease is formed when the stomach is damaged in the upper zone, the cardia and the lower esophageal sphincter. The cause is usually overflow of the stomach, increasing the pressure in it.
This causes a backward discharge of the food lump into the esophagus. But in its composition there is already acid. It irritates the mucosa of the lower part of the esophagus and causes pain behind the sternum immediately after eating. Characterized by severe heartburn, belching sour, voice hoarseness due to falling into the vocal cords during regurgitation.
Changing the nature of pain - the reason to immediately contact the hospital
Peptic ulcer of the esophagus can be considered as a consequence of reflux esophagitis. The pains become stubborn, very similar to the heart. For the difference, an ECG test is always performed. Perforation causes dangerous complications with damage to the heart bag.
When a hernia of the esophageal opening of the diaphragm passes into the supra-diaphragmatic part of the stomach with an adjacent esophagus. Abnormal mobility is explained by:
- by the dilatation and weakness of the diaphragmatic muscular ring around the esophagus;
- by the condition of prolonged pressure increase in the abdominal cavity with ascites, chronic cough, excess weight;
- muscle atrophy in elderly patients.
Than it is possible to remove pains at a gastritis?
To eliminate pain syndrome, a set of therapeutic measures that remove inflammation is applied. They are selected individually after the examination. Pain is treated not only with medicines, the doctor starts his recommendations with a change in diet and diet.
Patients are advised:
- to stop smoking and taking any alcohol, including beer;
- provide a rational rest regime, breaks in work for lunch and snacks;
- more walk;
- try to protect yourself from stress by interesting activities, meetings, if necessary, drink light vegetable soothing drugs in tinctures( motherwort, valerian, Novo-Passit);
- to achieve a full sleep.
From the menu it is necessary to exclude:
- all fried and smoked dishes from meat, potatoes, fish;
- hot sauces, mayonnaise;
- strong tea and coffee;
- chocolate and confectionery;
- fresh baked goods;
- sparkling water;
- homemade pickles and marinades.
With severe pain for a day, it's better to give up food and just drink warm, slightly sweet water. For a few days you should go:
- for low-fat broth with white rusks;
- liquid porridge on the water( oatmeal, buckwheat, rice);
- mucous soups from vegetable decoction and cereals;
- boiled meat dishes( meatballs, steamed meatballs, meatballs).
Take small amounts of food up to 6-7 times a day. Drink suitable compote of dried fruits, decoction of dogrose, oatmeal.
Compliance with the diet - the basis of therapy
The use of medicines
Selection of medicines is a doctor's job. The choice is determined by acidity in the stomach. When increasing, appoint antacids to reduce acidity, suppress the synthesis of acid and pepsin( Ranethidine, Omeprazole), antispasmodics( Platyphylline, Spasmalgon, rectal candles with bellies).
Almagel A has a good enveloping and rapid analgesic effect. It contains locally active substance - anesthesin. Other drugs( Gefal, Denol) help to relieve inflammation. If a link is established with Helicobacter pylori infection, the patient is given course specific treatment.
When atrophic gastritis with low acidity is recommended: reception of gastric juice, Acidin-pepsin, Plantaglucida, prokinetics( Domperidone) to improve motor function of the stomach. The administration of drugs in the form of injections is more justified. This helps to protect the gastric mucosa from unwanted irritation.
Physiotherapy is helpful in treatment. Apply: electrophoresis with medicines on the epigastric region, UHF, phonophoresis for pain relief. From domestic folk remedies with unsharp pains you can take a warm broth of chamomile, flax seeds.
Pain in gastritis indicates a disorder in the structure of the body, a malfunction. From the timely treatment depends on the further health of the patient's digestive tract. Diagnosis helps to prevent dangerous consequences.
