Vesiculitis - symptoms and treatment, causes

Vesiculitis is the inflammation of seminal vesicles caused by infection. Very rarely occurs in isolation.Most often accompanied by inflammation of the urethra (urethritis), prostate (prostatitis) and testicles (orchitis). Sometimes it is a complication of chronic prostatitis.

In most cases, chronic vesiculitis develops, which accompanies the course of chronic prostatitis. The main reason for the appearance of the disease is an infection that penetrates into the seminal vesicle from the prostate gland or the posterior portion of the urethra. There are also hematogenous (blood) and lymphogenous pathways of infection.

Causes

Why does vesiculitis occur, and what is it? The occurrence of vesiculitis is usually associated with infection. The causative agent often enters the vesicles through blood, lymph or the vas deferens.

The disease can cause:

1. Infectious and inflammatory diseases: flu, SARS, tonsillitis, tonsillitis.
2. Infectious and inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system: prostate (prostatitis), urethra (urethritis), testicles (orchitis).
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3. STDs(sexually transmitted diseases): gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, mycoplasma infection, etc.

Factors provoking the development of the disease, are:

• a sedentary lifestyle and the resulting stagnant phenomena in the small pelvis;
• supercooling;
• irregular, disharmonious sex life;
• too rare or excessive sexual activity, regular practice of interrupted sexual intercourse;
• frequent constipation due to malnutrition and lack of activity;
• presence of chronic infections in the body, including caries;
• alcohol and nicotine abuse.

The most common source of infection for the seminal vesicle is the prostate gland. With her, the vesicle is connected directly, through the ejaculatory duct. With prostatitis infection does not make it difficult to move through a short "tube" and settle in a vesicle, causing vesiculitis. That is why the prevalence of vesiculitis clearly correlates with prostatitis and is considered its complication in 10-30%.

Symptoms of vesiculitis

The disease can occur in acute and chronic form.Acute type of vesiculitischaracterized by rapid development of symptoms:

1. Feeling of pain or heaviness in the crotch or rectum.
2. The pain often gives to the bladder, lower back, scrotum.
3. Increased soreness with urination or defecation.
4. Frequent urination with burning sensation and inability to tolerate.
5. Symptoms can occur against the background of body temperature up to 39 degrees Celsius and above.
6. Perhaps the presence of blood in the last portions of urine (terminal hematuria).
7. Frequent erections, pollutions, rapid excitability.
8. With ejaculation (ejaculation), severe pain in the penis and prostate gland can be felt.
9. Signs of body intoxication: weakness, malaise, decreased appetite, nausea, headache, pain in the areas of joints and bones.

With improper treatment, acute vesiculitis becomes chronic.With chronic vesiculitisobserved:

1. Pain during erection and ejaculation, within 2-3 hours after sexual intercourse;
2. Occurrence of pollutions (involuntary ejaculation);
3. Change in sensations during orgasm;
4. Painful sensations in the sacrum;
5. Disturbances of urination are occasionally recorded.

Often, chronic vesiculitis is completely asymptomatic, and the patient comes to the doctor with a single complaint about the admixture of blood in the semen. Also, pus excretion with urine (pyuria) or with sperm (pyospermia) is periodically recorded, a decrease in the number of spermatozoa (azoospermia).

In the absence of treatment, chronic vesiculitis can become aggravated. Sometimes the disease spreads to the epididymis, resulting in infertility in the patient.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis is based on the characteristic symptoms of vesiculitis, digital rectal examination, transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS), general and biochemical analyzes of blood and urine, as well as bacteriological study of the secret of seminal vesicles. With chronic vesicles, examine the spermogram.

Differential diagnosis of vesiculitis should be carried out with prostatitis, tuberculosis of seminal vesicles, sarcoma of seminal vesicles, urethritis, colliculitis.

Complications

Complications of vesiculitis are:

1. Obturation form of male infertility- Desiccation and complete irreversible loss of reproductive functions.
2. Empyema of seminal vesicles- the most severe complication of vesiculitis. The disease is a purulent pathological process, manifested by intoxication and pain syndromes and resulting in the absence of treatment for sepsis and death.
3. Epididymitis- inflammation of the epididymis, which often leads to a complete loss of sexual function.

The prognosis for the timely treatment of acute vesiculitis is favorable. With the development of complications - relatively favorable.

Treatment of vesiculitis

If the diagnosis of acute vesiculitis is confirmed, then treatment begins with the prescription of antibacterial drugs. Antibiotics for vesiculitis are selected based on many characteristics: bactericidal drug, efficacy in the pathology of the genital area, an adequate price for the drug. The drugs of choice for this pathology will be preparations of the fluoroquinolone series and macrolides.

In addition, prescribe such drugs:

1. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for internal and external use (rectal suppositories and microclysters).
2. To reduce pain during defecation, it is recommended to use laxatives.
3. For stimulation of immunity apply vitamins, microelements, immunomodulators: "Pyrogenal", "Viferon", "Levamisol".
4. Analgesics.
5. Laxatives.
6. Diet.
7. Bed rest.
8. Abundant drink.

After an acute phase of the disease - physiotherapy: UHF, laser treatment, ultrasound, electrophoresis, magnetotherapy. The method of massage of seminal vesicles is applied. Hot bath. You can also successfully treat using folk remedies.

Treatment of chronic vesiculitis is carried out according to a similar pattern: antibiotics + anti-inflammatory drugs in general and local form, physiotherapy, massage. The difference is that antibiotics are carefully selected taking into account the data of bacterial sperm sowing, are applied by several sequential courses with a change of the drug, anti-inflammatory therapy is carried out with the use of hormonal drugs. If the treatment is ineffective, a puncture is performed with the washing of the seminal vesicles with antiseptic solutions. In some cases, vesiclectomy (removal of the seminal vesicle) is indicated.

Also, patients with chronic vesiculitis should follow a diet with limited content of smoked, salted, fatty, spicy dishes. It is very important for such people to avoid infectious diseases, for example, sinusitis, tonsillitis, caries. It is necessary to watch, so that there are no constipation.

Prevention

In the case of vesiculitis, prevention consists in the early and rational treatment of the main focus of infection (including gonorrhea, syphilis, etc.), diet, refusal to drink alcohol. It is also necessary to avoid microtraumas and normalize the sexual life, not allowing periods of too long abstinence or sexual excesses.

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