Edema and other effects of arthroscopy, rehabilitation and rehabilitation methods

Rehabilitation after arthroscopy of the knee joint

Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical manipulation designed to examine and / or treat problem joints. During this procedure, you can establish an accurate diagnosis and, at the same time, adjust the pathology at the same time.

Without arthroscopic intervention, you can not do with such injuries and diseases:

• damage to articular cartilage;
• injuries of the cartilaginous shock absorber of the joint;
• Keneg's disease (separation of a small area of ​​cartilage from the adjacent bone with its displacement into the joint cavity);
• damage to the ligaments of the knee joint;
• dislocation of the kneecap;
• chondromatosis of the knee joint (formation of a cartilaginous form in the joint cavity);
• synovitis (inflammation of the synovium);
• gonarthrosis of the knee joint;
• an ambiguous clinical picture is a controversial diagnosis;
• complaints after previous operations on the joint.

Patients who only need this procedure and those who have already experienced it, are interested in the general question - how is rehabilitation after arthroscopy of the knee joint? And this is correct, since the success of this manipulation depends not only on the proper conduct of the procedure itself, but also on the correct development of the knee joint in the recovery period.

Rehabilitation in a hospital

When performing arthroscopy on the knee joints, the duration of hospital stay is different for all patients, but on average they do not exceed 24 hours.

Although with arthroplasty of cruciate ligaments the patient can be hospitalized for 72 hours, and with uncomplicated operation on the meniscus, he can be released home in 3-4 hours.

Restoration after arthroscopy of the knee joint begins immediately in a medical facility. For these purposes, a number of procedures are performed:

1. Immediately after arthroscopy, antibiotic therapy is prescribed. Preparations of a wide spectrum of action are used.
2. To relieve the pain, analgesics from the NSAID group are used.
3. Postoperative edema is eliminated with a manual or instrumental lymphatic drainage massage.
4. To ensure complete rest, the knee joint is fixed with a special orthesis bandage and the limb is held straight. And in the case of arthroplasty, a hinge brace with a bending angle of 20 ° is used.
5. For the prevention of thromboembolism, patients during the first 3-5 days are recommended to wear an elastic bandage or compression knitwear, and also prescribe anticoagulants.
6. In the first 24-72 hours, cold is applied to the affected joint with interruptions in half an hour.
7. Already in the first day, a set of therapeutic exercises is prescribed - isometric gymnastics and light movements in the ankle joint. And when the drainage is removed, passive movements in the knee joint are added and the patient is put on his feet, relying on crutches or a cane.

If a meniscus was removed, rehabilitation after surgery takes a little time and the first exercises are allowed to be done by the end of the first day.

The timing and complexity of recovery depend on the type of manipulation performed with arthroscopy

Home Restoration

If the patient has had arthroscopy of the knee, rehabilitation after surgery should be continued at home. The positive outcome largely depends on whether the patient adhered to such rules:

Restoration after arthroscopy of the shoulder joint

• If the first 1-3 days of the patient keeps his legs elevated, then this will help reduce swelling.
• Surgical incisions in the knee area are important to keep dry and clean. The change of dressings is supervised by the doctor. Water procedures should be performed with extreme caution.
• It is important for the patient not to forget to take anti-inflammatory and vascular medications prescribed by the doctor.
• The patient must wear the elastic bandage for the first 5-7 days. If necessary, lymph drainage and cryotherapy are prescribed.
• On the 8th day after the operation, a massage in the knee area can be prescribed. It is more correct for such manipulations to be performed by an experienced specialist. However, some patients use a training video that can be found on the Internet without problems and self-massage at home.

The attending physician controls the characteristics of the motor activity during the rehabilitation period:

1. After removal of the meniscus, on the day of the operation, walking with moderate exercise is recommended. During the first week it would be good to use a cane or crutches. If the ligature is applied to the meniscus, then the foot is spared for a month and moves only with the help of crutches.
2. After plasty of ligaments of the knee joint during the recovery period, crutches with elbow support should be used up to 21 days. The first 2-3 days should be avoided loading on the operated limb, but if the expressed pain syndrome is absent, then the axial load is increased.

Control examination by a specialist and changing dressings occurs in the first 24 hours after surgical manipulation, and then every 2-5 days.

During the procedure, the patient is replaced with aseptic dressings and, if necessary, aspirated, accumulated, liquid.

Surgical sutures are removed for 7-12 days after the manipulation.

The wound is not allowed to wet before the stitches are removed

Physiotherapy

LFK after knee arthroscopy is recommended to all patients, although an individual approach is used in this issue. The program is divided into several stages, depending on the loading dosing:

1. The first stage is exercises with minimal load, which can be performed on the same day when arthroscopy was done. The knee is fixed, and the patient slightly unbends the legs in the knee joint, using the quadriceps muscles of the thigh.
2. The second stage is a complex of exercises with increased workload, carried out at home, but under the supervision of a specialist. Exercises are aimed at increasing the mobility of the joint, and also such that they are performed in a fixed position.
3. The third stage is designed for 3 weeks. Now the patient must increase the volume of movements in the knee joint, and to increase the load on the shin, a special load is used.
4. The fourth stage - is designed for 6 weeks and implies a significant increase in the burden on the affected limb. For this purpose, the emphasis is on the foot on which arthroscopy was performed. It is bent at an angle of 30 to 80 degrees, and the second performs the movements in a circle. In addition, the patient must walk for a quarter of an hour or engage in cycling for 10 minutes a day.

If arthroscopy of the knee joint was performed, the recovery after surgery is primarily directed to the restoration of the functionality of the affected limb, the prevention of adhesions and joint stiffness.

The complex of exercises after arthroscopy of the knee joint on day 3 after surgery may include such techniques:

• Working of the thigh muscles behind. The patient lies on his back and flexes the limbs in the knee joints so as not to experience pain. The heels should be pressed to the floor, and the hip muscles should be tightened from behind. In this static position, you need to stand for 5 seconds, and then you can relax.
• Working the femoral muscles in front. The patient occupies a supine position on the abdomen. Under the foot put the roller, twisted from a towel or other fabric. The leg should be maximally straightened and in such a static position stay for 5 seconds, after which you can relax.
• Raising a straightened leg when the body is in a horizontal position. The limb, which was subjected to arthroscopy, should be placed on a flat surface, and the second bent at the knee joint. Affected limb should be straightened, slowly lift it 30 cm from the supporting surface, and stay in this static position for 5 seconds. After this, slowly take the starting position.
• The muscles of the buttocks, when the body is in a horizontal position. The limbs should be bent in the knee joints, and the distal section should be leaned on a flat surface. The muscles in the buttock area should be strained and fixed for 5 seconds, and then relax.
• Each reception of the complex should be repeated 10 times.

Physiotherapy, which is performed in a later period includes such techniques:

• Enhanced knee joint development. The patient occupies a horizontal position with an emphasis on the back, and a knee is placed under the knee. The limb should be as straight as possible straightened in the knee, leaning on the roller, and be in such a static position for 5 seconds. Then you need to slowly take the starting position.
• Raising a straight leg when the body is in a horizontal position with an emphasis on the back. A healthy limb should be bent at the knee joint, and straightened and operated on a flat surface. The essence of the exercise is a slow lifting of the foot by 45 degrees and holding it for 5 seconds every 15 degrees of lift. Thus, the exercise is divided into 3 approaches with 60 seconds of break between each. Then the leg is returned to its original position.
• Partial squats at the chair. The necessary equipment is a chair with a backrest turned to the patient. It must be placed at a distance of 30 cm. It is necessary to squat so that a right angle is formed, and you can hold it in this position for up to 10 seconds, holding on to the back of the chair.
• Working out the front group of hip muscles. The patient should put a chair in front of him, put an emphasis on a healthy leg and lean on the back of the chair. At this time, the operated leg should be bent at the knee and simultaneously with the hand to grasp the foot. Then the foot should be slowly pulled to the buttock and so stay for 5 seconds. After this, the foot should be slowly lowered to the floor.
• Partial squats on one leg. In this case, you can not do without a chair. A healthy limb should be bent to touch the feet with the fingers. The patient should sit with his foot so that an angle of 120 degrees is formed and stay for 5 seconds. Then slowly return to the starting position.
• Steps on the step platform. As an inventory, you need a step-board. It should become a damaged limb, move the body weight onto it and straighten up. Then you need to return to the starting position.
• Each exercise should be repeated 10 times.

More often than not, experts recommend that the LFC complex be performed at home for up to 3 times a day at home.

If the training is too active, the patient may temporarily feel impaired. If the patient notices that the knee has become swollen and hot, then it is necessary to reduce the load or, in general, to give up the practice.

If relapse occurs, then you should ensure that the limbs are completely at rest, put on a pressure bandage, keep your foot elevated and apply cold to the joint.

If the puffiness did not fall within 3 days, you should consult your doctor.

Real terms of the recovery period can take from two months to a year

Reviews

Reviews of patients on the rehabilitation of the knee joint after arthroscopy can be found in a variety of ways. But as a rule, everyone praises such surgical manipulations and does not imagine what happened to them if they were afraid to do it.

Inna, 29 years old:
"I was given arthroscopy because of a diagnosis - Baker's cyst in the left knee joint. In my opinion, the most important thing in the rehabilitation period is the implementation of a special complex of exercise therapy.

It is better to do it under the supervision of a specialist, but if there are financial difficulties, then you can and yourself at home, armed with special benefits. I can also say that regularity is important in this matter.

At the moment, I fully move on a level surface, moderate cycling and, of course, feel much better than before the operation. "

Veronica, 32 years old:
"I had a rupture of the medial meniscus of the knee joint. Of course, I agreed to arthroscopy of the knee. Approximately, weeks after it I abstained from walking and observed bed rest.

Immediately after the operation, my leg kept holding me up and applying the cold for a quarter of an hour with interruptions of 2 hours. I was also prescribed Nimesil to clean up the pain and elastic bandage. But the most important thing in the recovery period is exercise therapy.

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I recommend everyone to take good care of rehabilitation, because this is your future. "

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Arthroscopy of the knee joint rarely leads to serious complications, but how quickly the patient will stand on his feet largely depends on a properly organized rehabilitation period.

Complete restoration of the knee joint after the operation can take a different time.

Even if the patient notes that recovery after arthroscopy is slow, you should not give up your studies and your efforts will be rewarded.

A source: http://diametod.ru/endoskopiya/reabilitaciya-posle-artroskopii-kolennogo-sustava

Arthroscopy of the knee joint: rehabilitation

One of the methods of diagnosis and treatment of pathologies of the knee joint is arthroscopy. In order to understand the subject of the conversation, it is necessary to familiarize in general terms with the anatomy of the knee joint.

Anatomy of the knee and the causes of its pathology

So, the knee joint according to the anatomical and physiological classification is a biaxial condylar joint.

It is formed by the distal end (condyles) of the femoral and lateral margin (condyles) of the tibia, as well as the patella.

Their function is the convergence of the articular surfaces of the bones and the damping of the joint during physical exertion (walking, running, etc.). The fibrous capsule is attached to the ends of the femoral and tibia bones, which is the lateral walls of the joint. Elements of the joint are strengthened with ligaments.

All diseases of the knee joint are caused by metabolic disorders, traumatic injuries or inflammatory processes. The following signs are the provoking factor of the development of diseases:

• excess weight;
• playing sports;
• accompanying illnesses;
• low-activity lifestyle;
• hereditary predisposition;
• old age.

In 1912, in Berlin at the Congress of Surgeons, the Danish doctor Severin Nordentoft made a report on endoscopy, which, inter alia, referred to a procedure such as arthroscopy of the knee.

He talked about his personal experience in carrying out manipulation and its importance in the diagnosis and treatment of pathologies of the knee joint.

This was the first mention of the so popular method of diagnosis and treatment today.

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At present, with the help of arthroscopy, it is possible to perform operative treatment for many indications on the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee and ankle joints.

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For diagnostic purposes, arthroscopy is prescribed if other methods of investigation have not helped to establish the cause of the pathological manifestations in the joint area of ​​the patient.

Indications

• trauma menisci;
• destabilization of the joint;
• rupture of cruciate ligaments;
• destruction of the cartilaginous tissue of the joint;
• examination before arthrotomy;
• necessity of performing intra-articular operations;
• disputable diagnosis;
• recurrent pathologies.

Contraindications for arthroscopy

• High risk of complications after anesthesia. In this case, you must choose a different type of analgesia or a method of examination / treatment.
• Unstable condition of the patient. To solve this problem, a preliminary stabilization of the patient's condition is required.
• The presence of acute or exacerbation of chronic diseases. In this case, a preliminary medication is required.
• Ankylosis (bone or fibrous) of the joint.
• Purulent processes in the proposed area of ​​manipulation.
• Extensive hemorrhage into the joint cavity.
• Violation of the integrity of the joint capsule.
• Osteomyelitis.
• Tuberculosis of bones.
• Period of menstruation.

List of operations performed during arthroscopy

• diagnostic joint sanitation;
• resection of meniscus;
• seam of meniscus or tendon;
• restoration and plasty of ligaments;
• resection of the cyst;
• autochondroplasty.

Anesthesia

During the procedure of arthroscopy the following types of anesthesia are used:

• Local: due to short-term action and discomfort during manipulation is rarely used.
• Conductor: anesthesia of certain nerves, its duration is up to one and a half hours.
• Epidural: with this anesthesia, the patient does not feel his legs and the manipulation of the surgeons. During the operation, the patient does not sleep, so contact with him is not complicated. If necessary, anesthesia can be prolonged after the operation. An anesthesiologist is required.
• General anesthesia: the patient spends the entire operation in a sleeping state. An anesthesiologist is required.

The course of manipulation

The patient is lying on the back with the lower legs lowered, and the knees are bent at an angle of 90 degrees.

After carrying out anesthesia, a tourniquet is placed on the leg to stop the blood circulation in the limb. Then the knee and thigh are fixed with special stops in a certain position.

Through small punctures in the area of ​​the knee joint, a metal light guide with a camera is inserted. It allows surgeons to view the joint tissues in detail through a small hole and, if necessary, perform manipulations through additional incisions.

After performing the necessary actions, the wounds (their size is about 5 mm) are covered with a sterile bandage.

Complications of arthroscopy

Complications occur rarely when performing manipulation by specialists (surgeons with experience in endoscopy) on good equipment and in appropriate standards. And yet, you should know about possible risks. These include:

• infection (suppuration of the wound, chasing, empyema, sepsis);
• damage to the joint elements during manipulation;
• the breakdown of the instruments of the arthroscope with the loss of elements into the joint cavity;
• occurrence of a case syndrome;
• thrombosis, thromboembolism;
• disorders of cerebral circulation;
• complications associated with anesthesia: sudden cardiac arrest, anaphylactic shock.

In order to avoid complications, it is necessary to identify possible risks for each individual patient. For this, a comprehensive diagnosis of the organism and medication preparation is practiced.
Arthroscopy should be carried out only by a professional.

Advantages of arthroscopy before arthrosomy

• in contrast to open arthrotomy, arthroscopy does not require a long rehabilitation period;
• there is no autopsy;
• performed on an outpatient basis;
• less painful;
• takes less time;
• does not require long-term rehabilitation.

Phases of rehabilitation after arthroscopy of the knee joint

Early recovery period

This phase lasts from the end of the manipulation to the removal of the drainage. At this stage, it is necessary to use local cryotherapy, applying an ice pack to the knee or a special package for 30-40 minutes.

In order to prevent complications from the vascular bed, it is necessary to make elastic bandage of the limb or use compression knitwear.

In some cases, surgeons recommend wearing a hard brace or a tire.

In the first days after the operation, it is necessary to spare the limb and give it an elevated position.

Gymnastics in the initial position lying on the back:

• ideomotor exercises performed mentally;
• tension and contraction of the quadriceps muscle of the thigh and buttocks;
• raising a straight leg;
• performing movements in the ankle.

After receiving permission from the doctors, i.e., in the absence of contraindications, you can begin to engage in standing.

In the case of plastic capsule-ligament apparatus requires immobilization of the joint for 2 weeks. This period is equated to the first stage of rehabilitation.

Early healing stage

At this stage, to the above exercises (the same situation), passive movements in knee joint with a small amplitude (the heel does not detach from the surface), then the amplitude increase. At this period, exercises to keep the muscles in a reduced state are added and go on to applying mechanotherapy (exercise bike) without setting an additional load.

In the absence of contraindications, you can do swimming, walking without fatigue.

In case of puffiness, the doctor will prescribe a drainage massage.

Stage of late healing (10-14 days)

Add exercises on the stationary bike with the load, as well as cycling, exercises with resistance.

Stage of restoration

You can perform various exercises, but active sports are still contraindicated.

One month after carrying out arthroscopy in the absence of contraindications, the patient is allowed to walk in the orthosis with full load on the operated leg. At this stage, it is necessary to work on strengthening the muscles of the thigh and buttocks.

During the second month, the patient is allowed to perform functional exercises aimed at using several muscle groups for increasing strength, endurance and volume of movements, as well as adding weights (strength training) and block simulators.

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At the end of the second month, in the absence of contraindications, a free motor regimen, equilibria and coordination are allowed.

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Until the full restoration of the joint, twisting, sharp and high-amplitude movements are absolutely counter-indicative.

When to walk?

The question of the timing of the onset of walking is decided strictly individually depending on the underlying disease. So, after a meniskectomy, dosed walking with the support of crutches or walking stick is allowed already in the first day.

Timing

As a rule, in 2 weeks after carrying out arthroscopy patients can walk without support on crutches. Appearance of pain syndrome is not expected.

All terms of patients' return to the usual rhythm of life are absolutely individual in each specific case and depend on many factors. Referring to the statistics, you can give such data:

• Patients whose lifestyle prior to manipulation was active, who engaged in heavy physical labor, sports, can return to the workplace in a month. Athletes are allowed to participate again in competitions not earlier than 2 months after arthroscopy.
• Patients whose professional activity does not involve heavy physical labor will be able to lead a habitual way of life after 2 weeks.

Physiotherapy

In the rehabilitation period after arthroscopy, physiotherapy is prescribed according to the indications.

As a rule, the patient undergoes such treatment methods as a magnetolaser, UHF therapy, lidase electrophoresis, magnetotherapy, ultrasound therapy, and massage.

Contraindications for physiotherapy

• feverish conditions;
• the general severe condition of the patient;
• exacerbation of chronic diseases or acute pathology;
• bleeding and addiction to them;
• pregnancy;
• the presence of neoplasms.

In conclusion, I want to say that with a clear implementation of all prescriptions and recommendations of the doctor, both arthroscopy itself and further rehabilitation will be performed for the knee joint without complications.

Then the patient will quickly return to the usual work and household life.

Rehabilitation after arthroscopic surgery on the knee joint is an example from real life:

A source: http://physiatrics.ru/1000239-artroskopiya-kolennogo-sustava-reabilitaciya/

Edema of the knee after arthroscopy

Due to its anatomical characteristics, the knee is more often damaged than other joints.

One of the most popular methods of examination and treatment is arthroscopy, which can cause edema of the knee joint.

It is important to know whether the condition or edema is normal after arthroscopy of the knee joint - a sign of infection.

Arthroscopy, principles of conduction

The procedure is a special technique of surgical manipulation, thanks to which it is possible to perform diagnostics and therapy.

Often arthroscopy of the knee is prescribed as an effective and informative diagnostic operation.

For this purpose, an arthroscope, an endoscopic instrument, is inserted into the knee cavity.

After the operation, we recommend the use of anti-inflammatory and antibacterial drugs. A sterile bandage and a squeezing bandage are applied to the knee cap so that there is no infection, no inflammation, no swelling develops.

Edema after arthroscopy of the knee joint

As a result of surgical and surgical intervention, despite the fact that the minimally invasive procedure is possible edema after arthroscopy of the knee joint, which is the norm. To restore mobility, you must follow all the recommendations of the doctor during recovery.

The rehabilitation period is a simple complex of measures, due to which the edema after arthroscopy will be insignificant, will pass quite quickly and the joint acquires its former shape.

Edema as a symptom of complications

Edema of the knee joint after arthroscopy of the knee joint may be a sign of infection.

The main symptoms of this complication include:

1. Increased swelling and pain;
2. Increased body temperature;
3. Allocations from the wound;
4. Deterioration of general condition.

Knee joint edema after arthroscopy

How to relieve edema of the knee after arthroscopy?

To accelerate the recovery and remove the swelling after arthroscopy, you need to do cold compresses.

To eliminate the painful symptoms will help drugs, appointed by a doctor:

1. To eliminate edema after arthroscopy and prevent inflammation, the doctor prescribes "Aspirin "Ibuprofen "Nimid" and other preparations of the NSAID group.
2. Analgesics such as "Opioids "Diclofenac "Acetaminophen" will help to remove pain syndrome.
3. To prevent the development of thrombi, coagulants are prescribed.
4. To improve the natural lubrication of the knee, speedy recovery prescribe the intake of chondroitin and glucosamine.
5. Antibiotics are used to prevent the formation of infection.

Home Restoration

You can remove the edema after arthroscopy of the knee joint on your own, at home.

For this it is necessary to adhere to some simple rules:

1. Watch for cleanliness of the bandage superimposed after the operation.
2. In the prone position, keep your leg elevated, placing a pillow or roller under it.
3. The first days after the operation, try to keep bed rest, then gradually increasing the load.
4. It is not recommended to use a large amount of liquid, especially at night.
5. Try to minimize the intake of salt, which delays the fluid in the body.
6. In no event can you drink strong alcoholic beverages that stimulate the development of swelling.
7. Abandon the use of tobacco, which leads to a lack of oxygen in the tissues, worsens oxygen.

It is important to perform exercises for the development and restoration of the knee joint:

1. The patient in the position of "lying on his back on a hard surface, without bending his knee, should raise and lower his leg 15-20 times, repeat the procedure every 3 hours. After 2 months you can go to the exercise bike.
2. Lying on the back, put a small ball under the knee cap, roller. At least 30 times to raise the shin and try to straighten the leg.
3. Leaning against the back of the chair, it is necessary to gradually bend and unbend the kneecap 10-12 times.

Strongly not recommended in the postoperative period after arthroscopy:

• Squatting;
• To bend a knee on 90 degrees;
• Fully rely on the aching leg.

Also, with edema of the knee joint after arthroscopy to eliminate complications and uncomfortable sensations, prescribe exercise therapy, which must be performed under the supervision of a doctor.

During recovery, the patient may be recommended the following procedures:

• Electrostimulation;
• Massage.

To avoid swelling of the knee after an artoscopy, prescribe compression stockings selected by the treating specialist, in this case, after 5-7 days the joint will get a normal appearance, without swelling.

Edema after arthroscopy of the knee joint is not uncommon, but the implementation of all the recommendations of a doctor will help prevent it or promptly get rid of it and return the knee mobility.

A source: https://otekimed.ru/nog/artroskopiya-kolennogo-sustava.html

Rehabilitation after arthroscopy of the knee joint and possible complications

Surgical interventions

Arthroscopy of the knee requires careful rehabilitation with compliance with medical recommendations.

During the recovery period, various complications are possible, for the prevention of which the patient is prescribed therapeutic physical training and other procedures.

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Loads on the operated limb should be selected depending on the current functionality, without forcing events. All the exercises used must correspond to the recovery phase.

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Arthroscopy of the knee joint is a rather complicated operation, after which the patient may get worse or develop complications. The probability of the latter is low, but there is a risk of such consequences as:

• synovitis;
• scars and adhesions;
• accumulation of blood in the joint cavity;
• squeezing of tissues with liquid;
• violation of movement;
• infection of the wound and others.

After arthroscopy of the knee, the length of stay in a hospital depends on the individual case. On average, it does not exceed a day. With a simple operation, the patient can be discharged after 3-4 hours, and, for example, with arthroplasty of cruciate ligaments - leave for 72 hours.

Rehabilitation after surgery begins at a medical facility. To ensure successful recovery, the patient is prescribed the following procedures:

1. 1. Antibiotic therapy. Drugs of a wide spectrum of action are applied.
2. 2. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Used to relieve pain.
3. 3. Lymphatic drainage massage. It is necessary to eliminate postoperative edema.
4. 4. Immobilization of the knee joint. To ensure rest, an orthosis is applied to the operated articulation, while the limb is left straightened. In some cases, you can use a hinge brace, which allows you to bend your knee up to 20 degrees.
5. 5. Wearing elastic bandage or compression jersey. These measures are necessary for the prevention of thromboembolism, extend for 3-5 days. For the same purposes, the patient is prescribed anticoagulants.
6. 6. Cold compresses. Coldness is applied to the knee joint in the first 24-72 hours, taking breaks for 30 minutes.
7. 7. Isometric gymnastics. Already in the first days of the patient showed therapeutic exercise. It consists of light movements of the ankle joint.

Passive movements in the knee joint are added after drainage. From that moment the patient is put on his feet, and he must rely on a crutch or a cane. When applying the ligature to the meniscus, the foot is spared for a month and moves only with the help of crutches.

If the plastic of the ligaments of the knee joint was performed, then for three weeks use the elbow support. The first 2-3 days avoid loads on the operated leg. However, in the absence of pain syndrome, the axial load is increased.

The support for the operated knee is selected by the doctor, assessing the condition of the joint

If the patient has been removed a meniscus, then rehabilitation takes a little time. The first exercises are prescribed by the end of the day after the operation.

1. 1. The first three days of the legs should be kept up. This will reduce swelling.
2. 2. Surgical incisions made in the knee joint area should be kept clean and dry. The dressing should be replaced on an outpatient basis. Water procedures should be carried out very carefully.
3. 3. Do not forget about taking anti-inflammatory and vascular drugs, appointed by your doctor.
4. 4. The first week you should wear an elastic bandage.
5. 5. If necessary, you should go for lymphatic drainage and cryotherapy.
6. 6. A week after the operation, a massage is required for the operated knee joint. It is advisable to undergo courses of manual therapy from an experienced specialist.

After discharge, the patient should go for examinations every 2-5 days and change the dressing to the doctor. When superimposed new aseptic ligaments from the operated knee can suck the accumulated fluid. The surgical suture is removed 1-2 weeks after the operation.

Sucking off fluid from the knee joint

LFK is shown absolutely to all patients after minimally invasive treatment of the knee joint. However, the load and the set of exercises should be selected by the attending physician. In all cases, therapeutic gymnastics is divided into several stages:

1. 1. Minimum loads. Exercises are performed on the day of arthroscopy. The knee is in a fixed state, the patient slightly unbends the operated limb in the knee joint, including the quadriceps femoris.
2. 2. Average loads. The complex is conducted at home, but under the supervision of a specialist. Use exercises that increase the mobility of the joint.
3. 3. High loads. The course is calculated for 3 weeks, during which the volume of movements in the knee increases. Load increases by hanging a special load on the shin.
4. 4. Significant loads. Applied for 6 weeks. Exercises performed with an emphasis on the operated limb, on flexion of the leg in the knee joint from 30 to 80 degrees are used. At this stage, the patient is shown walking tours of 15 minutes or cycling for 10 minutes a day.

At each stage of recovery, a certain set of exercises is performed:

Stage of rehabilitationA set of exercises

Minimum loads	In the first 3-4 days after surgery, the following methods are used: 1. You have to lie on your back, bend your limbs in your knee, but so that there is no pain, and your heels are pressed to the floor. In this position, you need to strain the hind femoral muscles and stay for 5 seconds, then relax. 2. You need to lie on your stomach, put a roller under your foot. The legs are maximally straightened and stay in this position for 5 seconds, then relax. 3. You need to roll over on your back. The operated limb should be straightened, and the healthy one - bent at the knee joint. Affected leg should be raised 30 cm from the surface and stay in this position for 5 seconds. The starting position is taken slowly. Each exercise must be performed 10 times
Medium loads	To increase the mobility of the operated extremity in the knee joint, the following exercises can be used: 1. Lie on your back, put a roller under your knee. It is necessary to try to straighten the limb as best as possible, relying on the roller and lingering in this position for 5 seconds. 2. Lying on his back, but without a roller under his knee. A healthy limb should be bent at the knee, and straightened to operate. Raise the leg slightly to 15 degrees, stay for 5 seconds, then increase the gap by the same degree and again fix the position. Then slowly return the leg to its original position.
High loads	At this stage of rehabilitation, you can use the previous exercises, somewhat complicating them. For example, in the first it is necessary to increase the fixation time of the limb in the straightened position, and in the second - to raise the leg to 45 degrees, using the shank load
Significant loads	At the last stage of the recovery, the following exercises are recommended: 1. Partial squats at the chair. It is necessary to stand behind a chair at a distance of 30 cm, lean on it with your hand and perform a squat so that a right angle is formed. In this position, they delay up to 10 seconds, after which they return to the original one. 2. Working on the front of the thigh. It is necessary to stand behind a chair, but with support only on a healthy leg. It is necessary to bend the operated limb in the knee and simultaneously grab it with one hand at the foot, then slowly pull the latter up to the buttock. The amplitude of the movement should not cause pain, you need to stay at the maximum point for 5 seconds. 3. Partial squats. A healthy limb is bent so that the toes touch the floor, and on the operated leg, make a small squat, forming an angle of 120 degrees and lingering for 5 seconds. After that, slowly take the starting position. 4. Steps on the step-board. It is necessary to stand with the injured limb on the step-board, after which move the body weight onto it and straighten up. Then return to the starting position.

Exercise at home should be performed up to 3 times a day for half an hour. Do not over-increase physical activity too quickly, as the condition may deteriorate.

If there is swelling or a slight burning sensation in the knee, you must reduce the load or stop exercising for a while.To eliminate these symptoms, a pressure bandage should be applied and a cold applied to the joint.

If the puffiness does not go away within 3 days, you need to see a doctor.

A source: http://spina-health.ru/artroskopiya-kolennogo-sustava/

Rehabilitation after arthroscopy of the knee joint

Arthroscopy of the knee joint is performed with knee injuries, meniscus and cartilage damages, patella dislocations, arthroses, cysts and other diseases of this area.

This procedure is performed using an endoscopic instrument, such as an arthroscope.

This device is equipped with a video camera that displays the image on a computer monitor and allows the surgeon to view the area under investigation at multiple magnifications.

After performing a minimally invasive intervention, the patient needs restoration, the duration of which depends on the complexity of the procedure.

In this article we will acquaint you with the methods of different periods of rehabilitation after arthroscopy of the knee joint.

This information will help you avoid mistakes, and you can ask questions to your doctor.

Early recovery period

The early recovery period after arthroscopy of the knee joint does not last long - only 2-3 days.

It lasts from the moment of completion of the operation to the removal of the drainage tube - about 2-3 days. At this stage, the following procedures are carried out:

1. Drainage is removed, antibacterial drugs and pain medications are administered.
2. An aseptic dressing is applied to the area of ​​incisions, which were performed for the introduction of an arthroscope.
3. To ensure immobilization and prevent edema of the knee joint, a special bandage or elastic bandage is used.
4. A pack or bubble with ice is applied.

After this, the doctor recommends the patient to exclude the load on the knee joint. The patient must comply with bed rest on a functional bed, which can ensure a reliable position of the operated leg.

The load on the leg when walking should be reduced with the help of an orthosis, which can ensure a reliable immobilization of the foot.

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After it is put on, the patient should use crutches selected according to his height.

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The regime of loads that can be on the patient's leg should be strictly dosed in accordance with the doctor's testimony. While walking they may feel a slight pain.

Period of restoration of functions

To rehabilitate the patient, recovery procedures are prescribed to ensure the removal of contractures and adhesions.

Loads on the knee joint should increase gradually.

A set of exercises aimed at strengthening the muscles, is expanded only under the supervision of an instructor in curative gymnastics, which can determine the necessary duration.

A day after the operation, the foot performs rotational movements and light rotations in the ankle. Then the patient is recommended the following complex:

1. Exercise for muscle contraction on the back of the thigh is performed in the supine position. The patient flexes his legs in the knees so that this action does not hurt him. Heels should be pressed against the floor with muscle tension. Hold the lower extremities in this position to the patient for 5 seconds. After this, the legs are brought to a horizontal position. Repeated 10 times.
2. The patient turns over on the abdomen and under the foot a special roller is put under it (for example, from a rolled towel). Next, the patient should maximally straighten his leg and press down the roller with his foot. Running 10 times.
3. The patient is on the back. A healthy leg of the patient bends at the knee, and the operated leg lies horizontally. Repeated 10 times.
4. The limb in the bandage is straightened, the patient strains the muscle group located on the front surface of the thigh. The leg rises to 30 cm and is held by weight for 5 seconds. After that, the patient lowers and relaxes it. Running 10 times.
5. In the supine position on the back, the lower limbs of the patient bend at the knees. Leaning feet on the floor, he strains the gluteal muscles, holding them for 5 seconds. Repeated 10 times.
6. The patient becomes near the wall, turning to her sideways, and can stick with his hand against the wall. He slowly lifts his straightened limb 45 degrees above the floor. In this position, it holds it for 5 seconds and lowers it to its original position. Running 10 times. After that, the same is repeated the same way, but with the foot turned outward. For this, the patient should change the position of his body, turning his back to the wall.

Such exercises are performed for 3-7 days after the operation, and then the patient is recommended another complex:

1. The patient is lying in the supine position, the roller is placed under the operated joint. Then he strains his legs, performing extensor movements.
2. Relying on the cushion, the patient should straighten his leg in the knee and maintain it in this position for 5 seconds. After this, the leg is lowered to its original position. Repeat 10 times.
3. Lying on the back of the patient should raise a healthy and bent at the knee leg, and operated on slowly begin to raise to 45 degrees above the horizontal surface. Raising the limb for every 15 cm, you should fix it in one position for 5 seconds. After this, the leg slowly descends.
4. The patient stands in front of the chair in such a way that his back is at a distance of 30 cm. Holding the back with his hands, he stands on the operated leg, and he lifts the healthy up to the right angle and lingers in this position for 5-10 seconds. After the patient should return to the starting position. Repeated 10 times.
5. Performed in the same position, but the healthy limb is bent in such a way that it touches the floor when squatting on a sore leg. Running 10 times.
6. It is carried out on a step, the height of which is about 20 cm. The sick leg should rest on it completely. The body tilts so that its weight is completely transferred to the aching leg. After this, the patient returns to the starting position. Repeated 10 times.
7. This exercise is also carried out on the step, but the operated leg is transferred to it in such a way that the patient can fully rely on it. Running 10 times.
8. For the next exercise, you need 2 chairs, one of them should be with the backrest. The patient sits down on a chair and raises his leg so that the foot is on his seat. On the knee should be put a bag filled with sand, the weight of which should be about 1-2 kg.
9. It is performed lying on the back. The patient should raise his leg and lean his heel against the wall. At the same time, his pelvis should be as close to the wall as possible. Next, he should straighten his leg in the knee joint before the appearance of muscle tension under the knee. In this position, it should be held for 5 minutes. Repeated 10 times.
10. If the condition of the patient's knee allows you to perform a full circle of rotation of the pedals on the bicycle, the doctor can recommend the patient a course of exercises on the stationary bike. Classes begin gradually. In the beginning, the training lasts 10 minutes. The pedal mode of the simulator is first set to the minimum, and then brought to the maximum. After this, with each passing day the duration of rotation can be increased by 1 minute and is brought to 20 minutes.
11. This exercise is carried out 2 weeks after the operation on the treadmill. Initially, the patient is recommended a 10-minute workout. Further their duration increases. In addition, depending on the general health of the patient, the doctor recommends that he raise the walking speed.

After the end of arthroscopy of the knee joint, the patient should regulate his physical activity in accordance with the doctor's recommendations. Professional athletes should give up training for the period that is necessary for the complete restoration of joint structures.

Medication Therapy

At any stage of rehabilitation, the patient needs to take chondroprotectors - drugs that improve metabolism in the articular cartilage.

The rehabilitation period is supplemented by taking medications:

The course of taking the above described means depends not only on the condition of the knee joint, but also on the overall well-being of the patient.

Dietotherapy

After treatment of the pathology of the knee joint, which were associated with cartilage damage, the patient should follow a diet aimed at strengthening these tissues. The daily diet includes foods that are rich in protein, sulfur, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids.

The following foods and dishes should be included in the patient menu:

• cottage cheese;
• dairy products;
• condensed milk;
• cheeses;
• egg yolk;
• honey;
• raisins, dried apricots and prunes;
• seaweed;
• mussels, shrimps and other seafood;
• broths;
• jellied, cold;
• seaweed;
• fruit jelly, compotes, fruit drinks, marmalades;
• mineral water.

To which doctor to apply

For the rehabilitation course after arthroscopy of the knee, the patient should consult an orthopedist or rehabilitation specialist. If necessary, the doctor can refer the patient to a consultation with a nutritionist to solve problems with excess weight.

About rehabilitation after arthroscopy of the knee joint in useful video:

Rehabilitation: arthroscopy of the knee joint. Part 1.Rehabilitation: arthroscopy of the knee joint. Rehabilitation: arthroscopy of the knee joint. Part 2.

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A source: https://myfamilydoctor.ru/reabilitaciya-posle-artroskopii-kolennogo-sustava/