Conjunctivitis is one of the most common diseases of the eye.Today, it is difficult to find a person who would never run into the symptoms of this insidious disease. Treatment of conjunctivitis is complicated by the fact that it can be influenced by viruses, fungi or bacteria. So before the appointment of treatment you need to accurately determine the nature of the pathology.
Content
1Definition of disease
2Kinds
3Causes
4Symptoms
5Possible complications
6Diagnostics
7Treatment
7.1Medicines
7.1.1Drops with conjunctivitis
7.2Folk remedies
8Prevention
9Video
10conclusions
Definition of disease
Acute conjunctivitis is an inflammatory process that affects the mucous membrane of the eye due to allergies or infections.For the acute form of the disease is characterized by a pronounced symptomatology, which occurs suddenly, and with competent and timely treatment quickly goes away.
Kinds
Given the cause of the disease, conjunctivitis can be of the following types:
Bacterial. The bacterium influences its development.
Viral.It occurs against a background of catarrhal diseases that have arisen as a result of adenovirus damage. During the diagnosis, the doctor can detect conjunctivitis caused by the herpes virus.
Allergic.It occurs under the influence of a certain allergen.
Given the causative agent to affect the development of conjunctivitis, a further scheme of therapy is determined.
Causes
Affect the development of infectious conjunctivitis can:
viruses;
bacteria;
fungi;
chlamydia.
Among the viral pathogens the most common are:
adenovirus infection,
herpes virus,
measles virus.
If we are talking about bacterial conjunctivitis, then its development is influenced by such agents:
staphylococci,
pneumococci,
E. coli,
streptococci,
sticks of diphtheria,
gonococci,
sticks of Koch.
Allergic conjunctivitis can occur with the influence of such allergens as medicine, household chemicals, cosmetics.The pathological process can arise when the physical and chemical factors influence the mucosa of the body, the presence of a chronic disease.
Symptoms
Acute conjunctivitis can be recognized by the presence of the following symptoms:
burning, pain in the eyes;
increased secretion of tear fluid;
hyperemia of the mucosa;
hypersensitivity to light sources;
purulent discharge;
weakness;
dizziness;
body temperature rise.
It happens, so that when one eye is infected, the infection spreads to the second, which makes the situation worse.
Possible complications
If you do not proceed with the therapy of acute conjunctivitis, which arose against the background of chlamydia, then it is fraught with eyelid deformation and pathology of eyelash growth.If other bacteria have influenced the development of the disease, then such complications can arise:
meningitis;
sepsis;
otitis.
The newborn children after conjunctivitis may progress with eye diseases. The result of adenovirus infection can become opacity of the cornea and a violation of the tear film.The most frequent complication of the allergic form of conjunctivitis remains its chronicization. After often recurring herpesvirus conjunctivitis, scars remain.Infectious form of the disease can lead to keratitis - inflammation of the cornea.
Diagnostics
Acute conjunctivitis can be diagnosed in several ways.Obtain an accurate and full-fledged result only after external examination of the patient with a slit lamp. When making a diagnosis it is important to understand the anamnesis. The patient should carefully tell the doctor about his symptoms.
Additional diagnostic methods include:
seeding of the conjunctiva;
smear or scraping;
blood test, fluorography, chest X-ray(if there is concomitant symptomatology).Sowing of the conjunctiva
Treatment
Medicines
The doctor can prescribe the treatment only after an accurate diagnosis. It is from the cause of the development of pathology that the following therapy scheme can be determined:
Bacterial conjunctivitis.For treatment use antibacterial drugs in the form of drops. Effective are drugs such as Levomycetin, Sulfacil sodium. If mucus or pus is released from the eye, then a solution of furacilin (: 000), potassium permanganate (: 000), 1% oletetrine ointment should be used for washing. The last drug should be placed on the eyelid 2-3 times a day.
Viral conjunctivitis.For treatment, a human leukocyte interferon or interferonogen is prescribed. This should include Pyrogenal, Poludan. Drip drops into the conjunctival sac 6-8 times a day. You can use ointments% Florenal, 5% Bonaflon.
Chlamydia conjunctivitis. Assign a systemic reception of such drugs: Doxycycline, Tetracycline or Erythromycin.
Fungal conjunctivitis.Use a local infusion of Nystatin, Levorin, Amphotericin B.
Tetracycline is used in the treatment of chlamydial conjunctivitis
Allergic conjunctivitis.Assign drops with vasoconstrictive and antihistamine effect, corticosteroids, teardroppers, desensitizing preparations.
Fungal conjunctivitis.For treatment, antimycotic ointments and drops are used - Levorin, Nystatin, Amphotericin B.
Dry eye syndrome.This pathological process develops as a secondary lesion of the tear apparatus. Use artificial tear preparations - Oxyal.Oxal is used in the treatment of dry eye syndrome
Drops with conjunctivitis
In the treatment of conjunctivitis, the doctor must prescribe to patients eye drops. The following medicines remain effective:
Bacterial form - Floxal, Ciprofloxacin. To obtain the maximum result, it is necessary to lay tetracyclin ointment on the eyelids.
Floxal is used in the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis
If you use these drugs according to the indicated scheme, then very quickly you can cure the mild form of conjunctivitis at home.
Allergic form. Use drops with antihistamine effect - Lecrolin, Opatanol. In addition appoint hormonal ointments and drops - Hydrocortisone ophthalmic ointment, Dexamethasone.
The virus form. Assign drops with antiviral effect. In their composition should be interferon - Poludan, Ophthalmoferon.
Poludan is used in the treatment of viral conjunctivitis
Often the infection can be of mixed form, then the doctor prescribes a complex of drops.
Folk remedies
In some cases, it is possible to treat conjunctivitis at home. In addition to the main therapy the doctor can advise you to use the following folk remedies:
Aloe.Break fresh aloe leaves, wash, squeeze juice and moisten cotton pads in it. Apply to eyes for 15 minutes.
Baking soda. Take 5 g of soda, 100 ml of water. Combine the ingredients and use an eye wash solution.
The root of barberry.Take raw materials in an amount of 5 g (powder), pour 200 ml of water. Burn in the fire for 15-30 minutes. Use a decoction for washing or compressing. Barberry contains berberine and antibacterial compounds.
After each procedure, the eyes must be thoroughly dried and then rinsed with boiled water.
Bread.Apply cold bread to the eyes. This will reduce inflammation and stop itching.
Castor oil. It is necessary to drip it 1 drop into each eye. Do this every day.
Chamomile.Take 10 g of raw material, pour 200 boiling water. Insist for 5 minutes, filter, cool and apply for rinsing or compress. Still it is possible to take in an equal amount a camomile and a charm. For 20 grams of raw material a glass of boiling water. Use a washing solution.
Yellow-root Canadian.This plant effectively copes with infectious conjunctivitis, as in its composition there is berberine. It is especially effective in the treatment of streptococcal conjunctivitis. Take 20 g of raw material, pour a glass of boiling water. Apply filtered solution for compress. Still it is possible to drip on 2-3 drops in each eye daily.
Curious cleavage.This plant is in great demand when treating various eye diseases. It has astringent and antibacterial effect, it stops irritation of the eyes. It is necessary to take 10 g of raw material, pour 200 ml of boiling water. Filter, cool and apply to wash the eyes. Carry out the procedure 3-4 times a day.
The elm is rusty.Run a compress using a pack of rusty elm. It has a bactericidal, astringent, analgesic and antioxidant effect. Apply the compress on your eyes for 15 minutes.
If there is swelling, that the sachet can be moistened with cool water.
Prevention
ATThe basis of the prevention of acute conjunctivitis is the observance of hygiene rules.It is important to wash your hands with soap, do not touch your face and eyes, do not use other people's cosmetics and personal hygiene products. But the prevention of allergic conjunctivitis involves the timely detection of an allergen. Then you need to try to avoid contact with it.
Video
conclusions
Acute conjunctivitis is a disease characterized by unpleasant symptoms of a clearly expressed nature.To begin to combat the disease, it is necessary to understand the nature of the pathology. For the treatment of allergic, viral and bacterial conjunctivitis, completely different medications are used.
