Blood when coughing in sputum after a cold

When you cough, phlegm with blood

The appearance of blood in the sputum can be associated with various human pathologies. Determine the exact cause of this condition can only a doctor. In any case, coughing with sputum and blood requires a visit to a specialist who will prescribe a course of diagnostic measures. Treatment of a cough with blood is prescribed by a doctor depending on the established cause of such a phenomenon.

Sputum with blood when coughing is a serious symptom

About the presence of blood in the sputum may speak veins of a reddish or rusty hue. Single such veins usually appear when a small vessel is ruptured in the lungs. In this case there is no threat to life and health. But the appearance of well-distinguishable blood in sputum when coughing is a serious sign that can testify about tuberculosis, tumor processes in the lungs, inflammations and other severe diseases.

Sometimes the presence of blood in the sputum is associated with a history of chronic bronchitis. However, this is incorrect, since this pathology can not lead to the appearance of such symptoms.

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Causes of cough with phlegm and blood

Blood in sputum when coughing in most cases - a sign of damage to the respiratory system. Such a symptom can be accompanied by various serious pathologies that pose a threat to human life and health. Causes of coughing with phlegm and blood can be several, the main ones are as follows:

Lungs' cancer. This disease in most cases is detected in people who have a coughing with blood for a long time. When tumor processes in the lungs in the sputum may appear scarlet blood veins. Other symptoms of this pathology are a significant decrease in weight, pain in the chest, shortness of breath, lack of oxygen, prolonged painful cough, severe night sweats and other. The most susceptible to this disease are people who smoke for a long time, as well as working in the production with constant air pollution, for example, in the cement industry.
Bronchitis of acute form. With a strong cough in sputum, small single blood veins may appear. In addition, bronchitis is characterized by symptoms such as fever, weakness, severe cough with sputum, sometimes purulent, shortness of breath, and others.
Abscesses of the lungs, which are the formation of lung cavities filled with purulent contents in the lung tissue. Usually an abscess develops in people with a weakened immune system. Signs of this disease are chest pains, fever, prolonged time, bouts of night sweats, general malaise, disturbance of normal sleep and appetite, and cough, in which a large amount of sputum is produced with the presence of pus and blood veins.
Bronchoectatic disease. With this pathology, weakness, dyspnea, a rise in temperature is possible. It is accompanied by a prolonged frequent cough with the separation of purulent sputum with blood.
Inflammation of the lungs, or pneumonia. Typical symptoms of the disease are chest pain, a significant increase in temperature, a strong dyspnea, a sharp recurrent cough, in which a large amount of sputum with a trace of fresh blood. The color of the sputum itself can be "rusty" because of the coagulated blood.
Tuberculosis. It is manifested by a decrease in body weight, deterioration of appetite, a constant slight increase in temperature approximately up to 3, degrees, constant attacks of cough with sputum discharge, in which pus and veins may be present blood. The appearance of a large amount of fresh blood in sputum during coughing is an unfavorable diagnostic sign.
Embolism of the pulmonary artery. With embolism, the lumen of the pulmonary artery ligates. To the development of this pathology more slopes people after surgical operations, such as treatment of thrombophlebitis of the veins of the legs. Signs of the disease becomes dyspnoea, suddenly there are severe pain in the space behind the sternum, a cough with blood occurs a few hours after the first symptoms.
Damage and pathology of the development of the heart valves and other similar heart diseases. With such diseases, normal blood circulation is disrupted, which leads to stagnant phenomena in the lungs. Symptoms of heart pathologies are severe dyspnoea, which increases with physical activity, and cough with phlegm and traces of blood.
Cystic fibrosis. This pathology is characterized by a change in the functioning of the glands and is transmitted by inheritance. Respiratory cystic fibrosis, accompanied by a defeat of the respiratory system, manifests itself with symptoms such as cough with separation of thick sputum, in which is pus and blood veins, often occurring colds, while the infection quickly descends to the lower respiratory system.
External factors. Coughing up with the blood can occur after some diagnostic measures, for example, biopsy, bronchoscopy, operations on the organs of the chest. There may be traces of blood in the sputum after taking certain medications.
Pathology of the digestive system. This is a rare case when vomiting with blood or bleeding in the area of the esophagus, stomach or upper intestine is taken for the isolation of blood from the lungs. With diseases of the digestive tract, blood comes out, as a rule, in the form of clots, in large numbers, and its color is dark red.

Diagnosis of cough with blood sputum

Blood in sputum when coughing often indicates serious pathology, so in such cases, you should consult a doctor. For diagnostic purposes, the following measures can be taken:

Bronchoscopy. With her help, you can identify bronchiectasis, lung tumors and other pathologies. This examination consists in examining the bronchi to determine changes in their walls, narrowing of the lumen and other injuries.
Radiography of the chest. At its carrying out it is possible to estimate a condition of heart and lungs. Darkening in the lung area suggests the presence of embolism of the lung arteries, cancer or inflammatory processes.
CT scan. This type of examination in detail shows the nature of changes in the tissues of the lungs. With its help it is possible to diagnose tuberculosis, lung cancer, bronchiectasis, abscess and other pathologies.
Sputum analysis. Identifies the presence and number of pathogens in the bronchi, such as Koch sticks causing tuberculosis. In addition, sputum examination helps to detect pneumonia, abscess and other diseases.
Analysis of sweat. With its help, there is a violation in the body of chlorine metabolism, characteristic of cystic fibrosis.
General blood analysis. This examination shows the presence of inflammatory processes in the body.
Coagulogram, it is a study of blood coagulability.
ECG. It is carried out on suspicion that the cause of a cough with bloody sputum is heart disease.
FEGDS. With it, the upper organs of the digestive system are examined. Such a study is necessary to exclude the pathology of the digestive system.

Sputum with blood when coughing is a serious symptom

Cough with blood in sputum

In any case, if signs of blood are found in the sputum, it is necessary to consult a doctor for diagnosis. The specialist, after conducting the required studies, will be able to prescribe cough treatment with sputum and blood, aimed primarily at getting rid of the underlying disease. If more than a year has passed since the last radiographic examination of the lungs, then it is necessary to pass this study.

Urgently seek medical help should be in the following cases:

the patient has a strong cough with abundant sputum and blood and liquid and clots;
Coughing up with blood appears suddenly and is accompanied by a feeling of suffocation and pain in the chest;
Coughing up with blood occurs after a fall or injury.

Immediately need to go to the doctor when:

sputum discharge with blood arising suddenly, without a preliminary cold and a prolonged cough;
blood veins in sputum when coughing periodically appear for a long time;
blood is released when the person who smokes has a cough.

Medical treatment for all diseases accompanied by a cough with phlegm and blood, the doctor appoints. The following groups of drugs can be included in the treatment course:

antitussive;
softening;
liquefying phlegm;
expectorant;
distractions.

A strong cough and sputum with blood

With a strong cough and sputum with blood caused by infectious diseases of the respiratory organs, expectorants and thinners are usually prescribed. Representatives of this group are licorice root, pork collection, ATSTS, Lazolvan and others. For the same purpose, inhalations with medicinal plants can be used.

For the removal of spasms of the bronchi, salbutamol, its derivatives and analogues are used. Among other things, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and other agents are prescribed if necessary.

In cases of severe bleeding, when sputum is colored red, surgical intervention is often required. This condition indicates severe bronchial injuries.

Temperature, cough, sputum with blood

High fever, sputum with blood and cough, and shortness of breath and chest pain are all typical symptoms of influenza pneumonia. Such a disease develops, about a week after the onset of the flu. The nature of the inflammation, as a rule, is mixed bacterial-viral. The temperature can rise to 40 degrees or higher, signs of intoxication, shortness of breath, severe pain in the chest, attacks of painful coughing with sputum discharge with blood and pus are noted. If you suspect a disease, you should always contact a specialist. Otherwise, it is possible to develop complications such as pulmonary edema, acute heart failure, tracheobronchitis of the ulcerous-hemorrhagic type, abscesses. The consequence of such pathologies can become serious harm to health, and even the death of the patient.

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What caused the appearance of a cough with blood?

One of the main signs of diseases of the respiratory system is cough. And often people complain about coughing up blood.This phenomenon can be just a result of the fact that small blood vessels burst during a coughing fit, or it indicates more serious processes taking place in the human body. In any case, if blood is excreted during a cough, there is every reason for concern.

When the appearance of a cough with blood begins, that it can be - few know. Experts strongly recommend that all people who have found such discharge from the mouth of themselves or their loved ones, immediately call an ambulance. Such actions are necessary when:

The cough with blood in a sputum in enough liquid status or in clots has sharply begun;
along with a coughing fit, there was a shortage of air and pain in the sternum;
the appearance of a severe cough with blood is associated with injury or a fall;
sputum with an admixture of blood appeared suddenly, this process was not preceded by trauma or a strong prolonged cough;
this state has been observed for several days without noticeable improvements in the patient's well-being;
Coughing up blood came from people who constantly use nicotine.

To make the diagnosis to the person who addressed such complaints to the doctor, it is possible only after full inspection of the patient. It is usually necessary to pass several specialists.

The reasons for this state

When coughing, which, as is known, is accompanied by many diseases of the respiratory system, sputum is released. It is a mucus that is released from the bronchi during a coughing attack, it also contains microbes, dust and other small particles. However, in the absence of any pathology in the human respiratory tract, blood should not be excreted along with phlegm.If such a process is found, it is important to find out all the causes of coughing with blood in order to provide the necessary medical care to the patient.

This phenomenon occurs in the following serious diseases and pathological conditions of the human body:

Lungs' cancer.When coughing up blood during a cough, you can talk about such a sign as one of the symptoms of lung cancer. In this case, the blood is present in the secreted secret in the form of bright scarlet veins. However, do not immediately think about such a terrible disease, if the patient does not complain about it yet rapid weight loss, hot flushes at night, a feeling of lack of air and strong pain in the sternum.This disease most often develops in heavy smokers, who for most of their life are nicotine-dependent people.
Lungs' cancer. X-ray picture
Bronchitis.Often observed with bronchitis coughing up with blood, the patient's condition worsens also by fever. Talk about chronic bronchitis should be in case the cough worries a person more than 3 months a year, and when spitting out it can be seen bright blood veins mixed with pus.
Bronchoectatic disease.The main sign of this disease is a prolonged debilitating cough with separation of sputum with pus and blood veins. Also, the patient complains of shortness of breath, general weakness and fever.
Abscess of the lung.Such a disease usually occurs in people after pneumonia, which during the treatment of pneumonia significantly weakened immunity. Patients may feel a taste of blood after the cough in the mouth, in addition, often even the surrounding can
to feel a strong fetid odor from the mouth of a sick person, which is caused by the formation of pus in the lung cavity. In addition to coughing with blood, the disease is accompanied by a prolonged increase in body temperature, increased sweating, weakness, poor appetite.
Pneumonia - pneumonia
Pneumonia.Traces of fresh blood are often present in sputum when coughing in people who have an inflammatory disease like pneumonia in their bodies.
Tuberculosis.The main symptom of tuberculosis is the appearance of a cough with blood in the mornings, except for blood veins, sputum may be with purulent impurities.
Diseases of the cardiovascular system.Very often, with certain diseases of the heart, blood circulation is disturbed, as a result of which it begins to stagnate in the lungs. This phenomenon in medicine is called the term "pulmonary hypertension". Another manifestation of such a process in the lungs is severe dyspnoea, which is especially aggravated with severe physical exertion.
Embolism of the pulmonary artery.Typically, embolism develops in people who have recently had to undergo any surgery or if there are diseases of the veins of the lower extremities, for example, with thrombophlebitis. In addition to suffocating coughing attacks with bloody discharge, patients constantly feel severe pain behind the sternum and shortness of breath.
In cystic fibrosis, there is a paroxysmal cough with hard-to-separate sputum, sometimes with blood
Cystic fibrosis.This disease is transmitted by heredity, it is manifested by frequent colds, coughing with pus and blood. Sometimes patients do not pay attention to sputum with blood impurities, because they believe that such a process is a manifestation of a cough with blood in the cold, as a result of damage to small vessels.
Diseases of the digestive tract.When violations of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract - the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, blood from the mouth can be allocated and without coughing attacks. In such cases, it is usually dark red, and bleeding is abundant.

Do not worry, if after the application of some methods of diagnosis, sputum was detected with blood veins, because such phenomena are caused by external interference. This happens after a biopsy, bronchoscopy, and after taking some medications, even if they were prescribed by a doctor. In most cases, there are no threats to human health.

Treatment should be appointed depending on the causes of such processes in the human body.

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Expectoration with blood

Hemoptysis, or expectoration with blood, can occur with many diseases. Blood can go out with sputum, when coughing, be present in saliva. This symptom often indicates a condition that is dangerous for human life and health. Therefore, when expectorating with blood, it is worthwhile to visit a doctor to consult and find out the reasons for his appearance.

Expectoration of sputum with blood

The presence of blood in the sputum is not always determined easily. It can be in the form of an admixture of fresh scarlet blood, clots, streaks of rusty-brown or dark-red color. The reasons for this condition can be different - from a simple rupture of a small suction vessel, which, as a rule, does not represent risks to human health, to severe respiratory diseases, such as tuberculosis, lung tumors and other.

If expectoration of sputum with blood occurs once or very rarely, and the general state of a person is not violated, there is no danger to health and life. In the same cases, when the blood appears in the phlegmon on a regular basis, the patient feels ill, and his condition deteriorates rapidly, medical care should be sought immediately.

Bloody veins and traces of blood can be present not only in sputum, but also in saliva. This occurs with such pathologies as acute bronchitis, cancer, inflammation of the lungs and others.

Expectoration with blood: causes

Conditionally, all the causes of expectoration with blood are divided into several groups:

safe;
congenital pathologies;
frequent, common diseases. These include pneumonia, abscess and lung cancer, lung infarction, bronchitis, fungal infections, certain vascular and cardiac pathologies, tuberculosis and others;
rare diseases.

To the safe causes of hemoptysis can be attributed the rupture of a small vessel in the bronchi. It is also possible the appearance of blood in sputum during excessive physical exertion, illness, accompanied by bouts of severe coughing, taking medications that dilute the blood and psychological trauma. Blood can appear in the form of small clots or veins of brown color, a small amount of scarlet blood or color all sputum in a rusty-brown color. These causes do not require special treatment, and usually an expectoration with blood passes.

To common diseases, which can be accompanied by expectoration with blood, are:

Tumor processes in the lungs. In this case, the patient for a long time there is an increasing cough with phlegm, in which over time appear bright scarlet blood veins. In addition, there is rapid loss of weight, shortness of breath and choking, chest pain, excessive sweating.
Inflammation of the lungs and bronchi. The disease occurs, most often, as a consequence of the common cold. Blood in sputum may appear with prolonged course and neglected nature of the disease. Other symptoms include fever, severe cough, shortness of breath, weakness, chills, and others.
Bronchiectasis. When he is in the sputum may contain pus and blood in a small amount. Bronchoatic disease is accompanied by severe weakness, high temperature, which is difficult to knock down, shortness of breath, chronic cough.
Abscess of the lungs. In sputum in this pathology, impurities of blood can be observed, and often it contains pus, which has a pronounced putrefactive odor. In addition, the patient has pain in the lungs, malaise, lack of appetite.
Fungal infections. Fungi often affect lung tissue, multiplying rapidly and growing into them. When coughing, in this case, there is a peculiar mucus with blood veins.
Parasitic lesions, such as echinococcosis, amoebiosis, ascariasis, strongyloidiasis and others, can be accompanied by a strong cough with sputum and blood. This occurs when the lung tissue is damaged. Other symptoms of this condition are - allergic reactions, fever, dyspnea.
Trauma of the lung. Various injuries of the chest can be accompanied by damage to the lungs, bronchi, ribs, which becomes the reason for expectoration with blood. The most dangerous consequence of trauma is pneumothorax. In this case, the patient's pressure decreases, severe pains in the chest and shortness of breath are observed, respiratory movements from the damaged side are violated. Pneumothorax can be fatal.
Diseases of the cardiovascular system. In some cases, the cause of expectoration with blood is not in the pathology of the respiratory system, but in the defeat of the cardiovascular system. These include cardiac pulmonary edema, aneurysm or aortic rupture, and others.
Medical interventions. In some procedures, such as lung biopsy, a small amount of blood may be expectorated during the next few days.
Tuberculosis. Blood in the sputum appears only with neglected cases of the disease.

Other more rare causes of expectoration with blood are possible.

Symptoms of expectoration with blood

Expectoration with blood can be a symptom of many diseases, some of which are dangerous not only for health, but also for human life. Therefore, this phenomenon should be treated with care.

Coughing, expectoration with blood

Cough with expectoration of blood can occur in many diseases. In such cases, the type and quantity of blood in the sputum becomes an important diagnostic sign. A small amount of light blood indicates a damage to the small vessel of the bronchi, a dark color and clots appear in tuberculosis and tumor processes. Not always expectoration with blood is a manifestation of respiratory diseases, this symptom can be observed with gastric bleeding, as well as diseases of the cardiovascular system.

Expectoration with blood without coughing

The appearance of expectoration with blood without a cough may indicate the presence of heart and vascular disease. The most common of these is cardiac pulmonary edema. With this disease, patients complain of weakness, chest pains, sometimes localized in the heart, weakness, sputum can be allocated little by little, while it is foamy, and is colored pinkish or bright red Colour. This pathology often leads to death.

Another cause of hemoptysis without coughing can be a tearing of the aortic wall. Also, this phenomenon often appears after some medical procedures. In the latter case, the amount of blood is small, but no special treatment is required.

In the morning, expectoration with blood

The appearance of expectoration with blood in the morning indicates a prolonged systematic violation of normal work. This condition can occur with pneumonia, tuberculosis, lung tumors and other diseases. There are other reasons for this phenomenon. So, thick dark blood in a small amount that can go out with or without cough, along with mucus and pus, indicates problems with tonsils or pathologies of the nasopharynx. Also, such diseases as hemorrhagic diathesis, small vessel aneurysm, varicose veins and others can cause morning expectorations with blood.

Treatment of expectoration with blood

Treatment for expectoration with blood depends mainly on the causes that caused its appearance. Therapy of some diseases implies conservative methods, others require surgical intervention, and with third - special treatment is not required. The doctor will be able to determine what exactly caused the appearance of this symptom. To do this, he will analyze all the symptoms, assign the necessary complex of examinations and analyzes.

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Coughing up blood for colds. Cough blood: causes

Sometimes in the sputum, expectorating during a cough, blood streaks can occur. If this symptom is episodic, then it indicates damage to the vessel. In this case there is no room for panic. But, if a cough with blood for a cold has a protracted character, then it's time to sound an alarm. After all, this symptom can signal serious diseases of internal organs.

Possible reasons

There are many sources known to cause such symptoms. It is very important to correctly determine the cause of hemoptysis. A small amount of light blood appears in the sputum as a result of increased blood pressure during the cough. And veins or clots of dark red color - this is already enough alarm. This symptomatology is characteristic of lung cancer or tuberculosis.

What diseases cause blood on cough? The causes of such symptoms are hidden in the following diseases:

inflammatory processes in the lungs and bronchi;
tonsillitis, laryngitis, tracheitis;
colds, flu;
oncology;
diseases of the digestive tract (ulcer);
cardiovascular ailments;
trauma of bronchi, tracheal injury.

Concomitant symptomatology

Before selecting the treatment, should you determine which of the systems of the body when the cough is bleeding? It comes from the respiratory tract, or it is provoked by nasal sinuses, stomach, mouth.

To tell the patient the true cause of this phenomenon are associated symptoms. For example, pulmonary bleeding is characterized by pain, unpleasant discomfort in the chest. Thus the allocated liquid, as a rule, is painted in pink color. Blood from the stomach has a darker color spectrum. Accompanying the phenomenon of vomiting, a painful sensation in the abdomen. Often with sputum, part of the food or other contents of the stomach is secreted.

Bronchial diseases

In more than half of all cases, the pathological process occurs with respiratory tract ailments. Basically, a cough with blood appears in bronchitis or bronchiectasis.

At an acute or chronic stage of illness of the patient excruciating strong attacks of tussis. As a rule, thick sputum is released in a very large amount. It can often occur blood veins. However, this symptom does not appear in all patients who are diagnosed with bronchitis.

In most cases, coughing with blood in the morning.

Abscess of lung, pneumonia

Characteristic symptoms are inflammatory processes in the lungs. In this case, the sputum gets a rusty shade or, on the contrary, bright red. Accompanies pneumonia high fever, chest pain, severe deterioration in general condition. If the patient is weakened, then often an ailment is fraught with such a serious complication, as an abscess of the lung.

In this case, the patient's temperature rises rapidly, severe pains appear in the chest. Sputum during reflux contains a small amount of pus. It acquires a greenish shade and has an unpleasant smell.

Most often there is a strong cough with blood in the morning. Thus, the abscess is emptied. After this, the patient experiences noticeable relief. Body temperature is somewhat reduced.

Laryngitis, tracheitis, tonsillitis

With these diseases, blood streaks can occur in the sputum. Illnesses are accompanied by other symptoms. As a rule, the patient has a voice change, pain in the throat.

Tuberculosis

Unfortunately, this is one of the frequent causes of a severe cough accompanied by the release of blood. This symptom can be a complication of any form of pulmonary tuberculosis. Therefore, if a cough is lingering, and there are clots in the sputum, you should immediately consult a doctor. Often, this symptomatology is the first sign of an impending ailment.

Accompanies tuberculosis fever, weight loss, intense sweating, especially at night. The patient has increased fatigue, a painful cough.

Lung cancer

Oncology of the internal organs can for a long time not manifest itself completely. In the future, the patient periodically appears cough. In sputum, there is blood in the form of clots or veins. This symptomatology is combined with worsening of the condition. It is especially acute this morning. Acquires a cough lingering nature. In the chest, the patient experiences a burning sensation. It is quite difficult for a patient to clear his throat. Often isolated clots. Also for the disease characterized by a sharp deterioration in appetite and weight loss.

Cardiovascular ailments

In some cases, the patient may develop pulmonary hypertension. The patient is experiencing shortness of breath, a sense of lack of air. Stagnation of blood leads to the appearance of it in the phlegm during a cough. With this symptomatology, you should always consult a doctor.

Pulmonary haemorrhage

This phenomenon is dangerous for the patient's life. It is characterized by heavy bleeding during a cough. Accompanying the ailment of pain in the sternum, shortness of breath. If a large amount of blood is present in the patient's sputum - this is a serious reason for urgent hospitalization

Colds

As noted earlier, often unpleasant symptoms can cause damage to small vessels. In this case, a cough with blood for a cold does not conceal a danger. However, it should be remembered that the frequent presence of veins in the sputum should alert. The best solution for such symptoms is the passage of a complete medical examination.

First aid

If there is a coughing up of blood with a cold, in urgent intervention this phenomenon does not need. During treatment, special attention should be paid to strengthening the vessels. For these purposes, the intake of certain vitamin complexes is recommended. An excellent preparation is "Ascorutin".

With the cold, which accompanies coughing with blood, with bronchitis the following methods of folk treatment are recognized as effective enough:

Aloe (pulp) with honey.
Decoction of ginger root with the addition of lemon.
Warm milk with mineral (alkaline) water.
Inhalation over essential oils or decoction of potatoes.
Herbal collections (breast), characterized by an expectorant effect.

Diagnosis of diseases

To determine the causes that caused unpleasant symptoms, you should initially visit a therapist. If necessary, he will direct you to a narrow specialist. It can be ENT, pulmonologist, phthisiatrist (if suspected of tuberculosis) or an oncologist.

However, to accurately determine whether there is a cough with blood for a cold or a more serious illness, the doctor is only able after a laboratory examination. Typically, the patient is recommended the following diagnostic methods:

General blood analysis. This examination will show the degree of inflammation in the body.
Sputum analysis. It allows diagnosing bronchitis, tuberculosis, pneumonia.
Analysis of sweat. This study identifies cystic fibrosis leading to colds.
Chest X-ray. A very important diagnostic method. He gives a complete description of tuberculosis, pneumonia, embolism, lung abscess, cancer.
Bronchoscopy (examination of the walls). A study is used to diagnose oncology, bronchiectasis and some other ailments.
CT. Computer tomography is sufficiently detailed to detect all changes in the lungs.
ECG, coagulogram, FEGS. These studies are used to identify the cause of the disease, the source of which is not a cold. In these cases, methods are used to determine cardiovascular and gastroenterological diseases. Clotting of blood is carefully examined.

Treatment

Only after diagnosis can raise the issue of fighting the disease. If the cause of the phenomenon is hidden in the common cold, then the treatment will include recommendations for strengthening immunity. The doctor will prescribe antitussive medicines. The complex of medicinal therapy includes anti-inflammatory drugs.

Depending on the stage of the disease, the nature of the cough, syrups, tablets against cough, the price (average) of which is given in parentheses may be prescribed:

"Bromhexine" (18 p);
Broncholitin (73 r);
Ambroxol (25 r);
Sinupret (277 r);
Gedelix (226 r);
"Herbion" (204 r).

If there are no contraindications, the patient can put mustard plasters. However, remember that this product can not be used at elevated temperature. It is forbidden to place mustard plasters on birthmarks, spine, bone protrusions. In no case should you use these drugs for tuberculosis, tumors, abscess of the lungs.

Cough tablets are not very effective, the price of which varies within reasonable limits, with serious ailments. In the case of bacterial bronchitis or pneumonia, it is advisable to take antibiotics. Special drugs are prescribed for the treatment of tuberculosis. When diagnosing oncology, chemistry is connected, and sometimes the surgical way of solving the problem is considered. Surgery may be needed by patients who have a lung abscess or bronchiectasis.

Preventive measures

Any disease is much easier to prevent than to deal with it. Therefore, it is advisable to follow certain preventive measures. They include:

Compliance with a healthy lifestyle. Do not forget about moderate physical loads and mandatory outdoor walks.
Balanced diet. The diet should be enriched with microelements and vitamins.
Strengthening of immunity. You can recommend hardening.
Full quitting or significant reduction in smoking.
Treatment in sanatoria for patients suffering from bronchopulmonary system diseases.
Minimize visits to crowded places during epidemics.
Combating colds at the first symptomatology. It is recommended not to bring the disease to complications.
Timely diagnosis and treatment of ailments that can cause a cough with the presence of blood in the sputum. It is mandatory to monitor coagulability.

Remember that the treatment of diseases directly depends on the reasons that provoked it. At the same time, prevention of unpleasant symptoms is completely in your hands. Correct way of life, timely treatment of illnesses, strengthening of immunity will save you not only from a cough with blood, but also provide good health for many years.

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The cause of phlegm: in the throat and bronchi, with cough and without cough, green, yellow, thick

Under sputum, health professionals understand the secret, which is allocated by the cells of the bronchi, where the contents of the nose and its sinuses are mixed, as well as saliva. Normally, it is transparent and mucous, there are few, and it is only released in the morning in people who smoke, work in dusty production or live in dry air.

In these cases, it is called a tracheobronchial secret, not phlegm. With the development of the same pathologies in sputum may fall: pus, when in the airways there is bacterial inflammation, blood, when on the way from the nose to the end of the bronchi there was damage to the vessel, mucus in cases of inflammation of the non-bacterial character. This content can become more or less viscous.

Pathological processes as the causes of sputum congestion in the throat without a cough usually take place from the nasopharynx, where the contents of the nose and its adnexal sinuses drain to the trachea. If the disease affected deeper structures: trachea, bronchi or lung tissue, sputum production will be accompanied by cough (in young children, the analog of coughing can be vomiting with a lot of mucus or another content). Bronchitis and pneumonia can, of course, proceed without a cough, but then the separation of sputum will not bother here.

When sputum production is considered the norm

The mucous membrane of the bronchi consists of cells, on the surface of which there are cilia - microtubules, able to make movements (normally - upwards, to the trachea). Between the ciliate cells are small glands - goblet cells. They are 4 times smaller than ciliary, but they are not located so that after every four ciliated ones there is one goblet: there are sections consisting only of ones, or only from cells of the second type. The glandular cells are completely absent in the small bronchi and bronchioles. The goblet and ciliated cells are united by a common name - "mucociliary apparatus and the process of mucus movement in the bronchi and trachea is mucociliary clearance.

Slime produced by goblet cells is the basis of phlegm. It is needed to remove from the bronchi those dust particles and microbes, which, in view of their microscopic size, were not noticed by cells with cilia that are in the nose and in the throat.

To the mucous membrane of the bronchi tightly fit the vessels. Out of them come out immune cells that control the absence of foreign particles in the air going to the lungs. Some cells of immunity are present in the mucosa itself. Their function is the same.

Therefore sputum, more precisely, a tracheobronchial secret, is also normal; without it, the bronchi would become covered from the inside with soot and impurities, would be constantly inflamed. Its amount is from 10 to 100 ml per day. It may contain a small amount of white blood cells, but it does not detect bacteria, atypical cells, or fibers contained in lung tissue. The secret is formed slowly, gradually, and when he reaches the oropharynx, a healthy person, without noticing, swallows this minimal amount of mucous contents.

Why can sputum be felt in the throat without a cough?

This is due to or increased secretion, or deterioration of its excretion. There are many reasons for these conditions. Here are the main ones:

Work at enterprises with a high level of air pollution with silicate, coal or other particles.
Smoking.
The irritation of the throat with alcoholic beverages, cold, spicy or hot food can cause a feeling of sputum without a cough. In this case, there is no indisposition, no breathing loss, no other symptoms.
Pharyngo-laryngeal reflux. This is the name of the casting of the contents of the throat where the ingredients of the stomach, which do not have a pronounced acidic environment, are closer to the respiratory throat. Other symptoms of this condition are a sore throat, cough.
Acute antritis. The main symptoms will be worsening of the condition, fever, headache, allocation of copious amounts of snot. These symptoms come to the fore.
Chronic sinusitis. Most likely, this pathology will be described as "phlegm in the throat without a cough." It is manifested by difficulty in nasal breathing, deterioration of smell, fatigue. Dense sputum is released from the sinuses into the pharynx, and this happens constantly.
Chronic tonsillitis. Here the person is worried about "sputum bad breath, on the tonsils can be seen whitish masses, which can themselves and with certain movements of the muscles of the mouth stand out, their smell is unpleasant. The throat does not hurt, the temperature can be increased, but - within 37-3, ° C.
Chronic catarrhal rhinitis. Here, without exacerbation, the nose lays only in the cold and then - one half; sometimes a small amount of mucous discharge is released from the nose. When exacerbation there are thick, abundant snot, they create a feeling of phlegm in the throat.
Chronic hypertrophic rhinitis. Here the main symptom is the difficulty of breathing with the nose, its one half, because of what a person may be bothered by a headache in this half. Also, the sense of smell and taste worsen, and a slight nasal appearance appears. The separable accumulates in the throat or is released to the outside.
Vasomotor rhinitis. In this case, a person can periodically "catch" sneezing attacks, which occurs after itching in the nose, mouth or throat. Nasal breathing is intermittent from time to time, and liquid mucus is released from the nose or into the pharyngeal cavity. These seizures are associated with sleep, can occur after a change in air temperature, fatigue, acute food intake, emotional stress or increased blood pressure.
Pharyngitis. Here phlegm in the throat arises against the background of persecution or pain in it. More often still, the sum of these sensations causes a cough, which is either dry, or there is a small amount of liquid phlegm.
Sjogren's syndrome. At the same time, there is a decrease in the production of saliva, and because of dry mouth it seems that sputum accumulates in the throat.

Sputum color without cough

This criterion can be suspected:

mucous white sputum testifies in favor of fungal (more often - candidiasis) tonsillitis;
transparent sputum with white veins can accompany chronic catarrhal pharyngitis;
sputum green, thick, may indicate chronic hypertrophic pharyngitis;
and if the sputum is yellow, and there is no coughing, it speaks in favor of the purulent process of the upper respiratory tract (rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis).

If sputum is felt only in the morning

Sputum in the morning can talk about:

reflux-esophagitis - throwing the contents of the stomach into the esophagus and throat. In this case, there is a weakness of the circular muscle, which should not miss what was in the stomach, back. Accompanying this pathology is usually heartburn, which occurs when taking a horizontal position after a meal, as well as periodically arising belching air or acidic contents. Occurring during pregnancy and accompanied by constant heartburn, is its symptom associated with the compression of the abdominal cavity by a pregnant uterus;
chronic sinusitis. Symptoms: difficulty in nasal breathing, deterioration of smell until its complete absence, mucus in the throat;
chronic bronchitis. In this case, the sputum is mucopurulent (yellow or yellow-green), accompanied by weakness, low body temperature.
be the first sign of acute bronchitis. There is an increase in temperature, weakness, deterioration of appetite;
developing in the spring-autumn period, talk about bronchiectasis. Other symptoms are malaise, fever. In summer and winter, a person feels relatively good again;
appearing against the background of heart diseases, evidence of their decompensation, that is, the appearance of stagnation in the lungs;
developing in young children, talk about adenoiditis. In this case, the nasal breathing is disturbed, the children breathe through the mouth, but there is no temperature or signs of acute respiratory infections.

Cough expectoration

If a person observes the appearance of a cough after which sputum is released, it indicates a disease of the trachea, bronchi or lungs. It can be acute and chronic, inflammatory, allergic, neoplastic or to be stagnant. One can only diagnose the presence of sputum: examination, listening to pulmonary noise, X-ray image (and sometimes computer tomography) of the lungs, sputum analysis - general and bacteriological.

In some way, the color of the sputum, its consistency and the smell will help you to get the diagnosis.

Sputum color when coughing

If a phlegm is yellow when it coughs, it can talk about:

purulent process: acute bronchitis, pneumonia. To distinguish these states is possible only according to instrumental studies (X-ray or computer tomography of the lungs), since the symptoms are the same;
presence of a large number of eosinophils in the lung or bronchial tissue, which also indicates eosinophilic pneumonia (then the color is yellow, like a canary);
sinusitis. There is bad breathing with the nose, separation of not only phlegm, but also snot of yellow mucus-purulent nature, headache, malaise;
bronchial asthma. The disease is characterized by exacerbations when difficulty in breathing is noted (it is difficult to exhale) and audible rattles in the distance, and remissions when the person feels satisfactory;
yellow liquid sputum with a small amount of mucus, which appeared against the background of icteric staining of the skin (with hepatitis, tumor, cirrhosis of the liver, or overlapping of the biliary tract with a stone) suggests that a lesion has occurred light;
yellow ocher refers to siderosis, a disease that occurs in people working with dust, which contains iron oxides. With this pathology, there are no special symptoms other than coughing.

Sputum yellow-green color speaks of:

purulent bronchitis;
bacterial pneumonia;
be a normal symptom after tuberculosis, which was cured by specific drugs.

If the rusty color separates from the cough, this indicates that in the respiratory tract There was a trauma to blood vessels, but the blood, until it reached the mouth, was oxidized, and hemoglobin became hematin. This can be for:

a strong cough (then there will be streaks of rusty color, which will disappear after 1-2 days);
pneumonia, when inflammation (purulent or viral), melting the lung tissue, led to damage to blood vessels. There will be: fever, shortness of breath, weakness, vomiting, lack of appetite, sometimes - diarrhea;

If the mucus is brown, this also indicates the presence of the "old oxidized blood in the airways:

if the lungs had such, almost always congenital pathology, like bullae (cavities filled with air). If such a bull lay near the bronchus, and then ruptured, brown sputum will separate. If the air still gets into the cavity of the pleura, there will be shortness of breath, a feeling of lack of air that can build up. The "sick" half of the chest is not breathing, and during the rupture of bulla there was pain;
gangrene of the lung. Here, a significant deterioration of the general condition comes to the fore: weakness, blurred consciousness, vomiting, high fever. Sputum is not only brown, but also has a putrid smell;
pneumoconiosis - a disease that occurs due to industrial (coal-stone, siliceous) dust. Characteristic pain in the chest, first a dry cough. Gradually, bronchitis becomes chronic, often leads to pneumonia;
lung cancer. The disease does not make itself felt for a long time, coughing starts gradually. A person sharply grows thin, begins to sweat at night, it becomes more difficult for him to breathe;
tuberculosis. There is weakness, sweating (especially nocturnal), lack of appetite, loss of body weight, prolonged dry cough.

Sputum from light green to dark green indicates that there is a bacterial or fungal process in the lungs. It:

abscess or gangrene of the lung. Symptoms of pathologies are very similar (if it is an acute, and not a chronic abscess, the symptomatology of which is more scarce). This is a pronounced weakness, malaise, shortness of breath, chest pain, very high, almost unresponsive to febrifugal, body temperature;
bronchiectatic disease. This is a chronic pathology associated with the expansion of the bronchi. It is characterized by a current with exacerbations and remissions. When exacerbation in the morning and after finding on the abdomen purulent sputum (green, yellow-green) departs. A person feels unwell, his temperature is elevated;
actinomycotic process. In this case, there is a prolonged fever, malaise, mucus purulent greenish sputum;
cystic fibrosis - a disease when almost all the secrets produced by the glands of the body become very viscous, poorly evacuated and inflamed. It is characterized by frequent pneumonia and inflammation of the pancreas, a lag in growth and body weight. Without a special diet and taking enzymes, such people can die from complications of pneumonia;
sinusitis (its symptoms are described above).

Sputum white is characteristic for:

ORZ: then the sputum is clear white, thick or foamy, mucous;
lung cancer: it is not only white, but it has veins of blood. There are also weight loss, fatigue;
bronchial asthma: it is dense, vitreous, excreted after a fit of coughing;
heart diseases. The color of such sputum is whitish, the consistency is liquid.

Sputum diagnostics for consistency and odor

In order to evaluate this criterion, it is necessary to expectorate sputum in a transparent glass container, evaluate it immediately, and then remove it by covering it with a lid and letting it brew (in some cases, sputum may become exfoliated, which will aid in diagnosis).

Mucous sputum: it is excreted, mainly in ARVI;
Liquid colorless is characteristic of chronic processes developing in the trachea and pharynx;
Frothy white or pinkish sputum is secreted with pulmonary edema, which can accompany both heart disease, and poisoning with inhalation gases, and pneumonia, and inflammation of the pancreas glands;
Sputum of a mucopurulent nature can be excreted in tracheitis, angina, bacterial bronchitis, complicated cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis;
Vitreous: typical for bronchial asthma and bronchitis with an asthmatic component.

An unpleasant smell is characteristic of a complicated bronchoectatic disease, an abscess of the lung. Fetid, putrefactive odor is characteristic for gangrene of the lung.

If, during settling, sputum is divided into 2 layers, this is probably an abscess of the lung. If the layer is three (upper - foamy, then liquid, then - flaky), it can be a gangrene of the lung.

What does sputum look like in the main diseases?

Sputum for tuberculosis has the following characteristics:

mucous consistency;
Unnatural (100-500 ml / day);
then appear veins of pus greenish or yellowish color, white impregnations;
if there are cavities in the lungs that have broken the integrity of the tissue, blood streaks appear in the sputum: rusty or scarlet, more or less, up to pulmonary hemorrhage.

In bronchitis, sputum is mucopurulent, almost odorless. If the vessel is damaged, bright scarlet veins of blood enter the phlegm.

With pneumonia, if purulent fusion of blood vessels does not occur, the sputum is mucopurulent and yellow-green or yellow in color. If pneumonia is caused by the influenza virus, or the bacterial process has captured a large area, the discharge can be rusty or streaky with rusty or scarlet blood.

Sputum when asthma is mucous, viscous, whitish or transparent. Standing out after an attack of a cough, similar to molten glass, it is called vitreous.

What to do if you get sputum

Seek medical advice. The first should be a therapist, then - an otolaryngologist (ENT) or pulmonologist. The direction to them will give the therapist. You also need to talk about the advisability of putting the sputum.
Buy 2 sterile jars for delivery of phlegm. All this day to take a copious amount of warm liquid. In the morning, on an empty stomach, take 3 deep breaths and cough (not spit) the phlegm. In one jar you need more detachable (this should go to the clinical laboratory), in another - less (in the bacteriological laboratory).
If the symptoms resemble tuberculosis, the delivery of sputum to the clinical laboratory, where the mycobacterium tuberculosis is detected under the microscope, it is necessary to produce three times.
You do not need to do anything on your own. Maximum - to make inhalation with Berodual in the age-related dosage (if sputum was separated after coughing) or to dissolve an antiseptic of the type "Strepsils "Septotelet "Tharyngept" (if there was no coughing). Not knowing some of the nuances, for example, that when taking hemoptysis to take mucolytics (ATSTS, carbocysteine) it is impossible, it is possible to do much harm to your body.

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