Inflammation in children with symptoms without fever

Pneumonia: symptoms without fever. Symptoms of Hidden Pneumonia

High temperature is a classic sign of the inflammatory process in the lungs. It signals a serious illness such as pneumonia. Symptoms without fever are rarely taken for its manifestation. It's a pity. After all, they indicate the latent course of the disease.

Main reasons

Symptoms of latent pneumonia are intense sweating and weakness. Even in the case of minimal loads. What do these signs mean? They signal a weakened immunity. After all, the body does not give a normal response to the inflammatory process. That is why, even in the case of severe lung damage, the body temperature rises slightly, and sometimes remains at a normal level.

At the same time, high sweating and weakness speak of the strongest poisoning. Malicious bacteria are not restrained by immune cells and spread a lot of toxic substances. The excretory system simply does not have time to get rid of them. As a result, the functioning of internal organs is disrupted. And this leads to an even greater oppression of immunity. In the end, the body completely ceases to resist infection.

Remember, pneumonia without temperature is a sign of impaired immunity. Such a patient needs prompt medical assistance. Because without it, the patient can die.

Symptoms of pneumonia with a cough

The situation is typical for a patient who has had a long cold. The patient's condition improved significantly. The doctor does not observe wheezing in the lungs. There was only a small cough. For example, after a strong bronchitis such a residual phenomenon is considered the norm. However, only if it lasts no more than 2 weeks.

When is there reason to suspect that pneumonia develops in the body? Symptoms without fever, but with the presence of a cough should be alarmed in the following cases:

• the presence of general weakness;
• duration of cough more than 2 weeks;
• decreased appetite;
• expectoration of a large amount of sputum or, on the contrary, minimal;
• shortness of breath, chest at this time asymmetrically expanding;
• painful discomfort in the lower ribs;
• strong heat and profuse sweating at any load.

These are the most common signs. These are very serious, characterizing such a disease as pneumonia, symptoms. Temperature of 37 C, and sometimes normal, in combination with the above signs may indicate a latent form of pulmonary tuberculosis.

That is why it is recommended to consult a doctor immediately.

Hidden pneumonia without coughing

Unfortunately, such a disease is characterized by different forms of manifestation. Is there pneumonia without fever and cough? Symptoms (signs of a hidden ailment) indicate a complete inactivity of the body before an insidious disease.

The following persons are subject to this form of manifestation of the disease:

• patients with alcoholism;
• persons who do not have a permanent place of residence;
• HIV-infected;
• aged people;
• weakened children;
• patients who have a different form of depression of the immune system.

In addition, symptoms of latent pneumonia without a cough can be observed in people who have a busy schedule. Such people, most of whom are office employees, spend a working day in a room depleted of oxygen. In this case, they are often delayed after a day's work. They do not pay attention to malaises of moderate and mild severity. Thus, most of the infections are carried on the legs.

Against the background of the weakening of immunity they develop pneumonia. Symptoms without fever and cough greatly complicate the possibility of correct diagnosis of the disease. But the whole danger lies in the fact that a good standard of living and nutrition gives the body the power to suppress the pathogen independently. At the same time, the connective tissue forms on the site of the former inflammation. As a result, the lungs lose their ability to gas exchange. The patient develops a respiratory failure.

Pneumonia in children

Breasts and newborns are most susceptible to the latent course of pneumonia. This is due to low respiratory activity in the absence of physical exertion. In children, stagnation of fluid in the pleural cavity is observed. In this regard, hard breathing is accepted as the norm of physiology. Meanwhile, pneumonia develops without temperature in children.

Symptoms of childhood pneumonia are of this nature:

• the duration of sleep increases;
• the regime of wakefulness and rest;
• increased nervous excitability;
• there is a flabbiness of the skin;
• there are causeless vagaries;
• there is a violation of breathing;
• increased sweating;
• nasolabial triangle turns pale and acquires a bluish tinge.

Undress the baby and carefully look at the chest during breathing. Hidden pneumonia is indicated by uneven movement in this area. One side may lag far behind the other when inhaled.

Possible reasons

Physicians identify several factors that can provoke pneumonia.

Inflammation of the lungs without temperature, causes:

• Weakened immunity, which does not repel the ailment.
• Complications after a viral infection.
• Adapting the body to an antibiotic or antibacterial drug of a certain action.
• Intracellular pathogens (chlamydia, mycoplasma).

Correctly diagnose the ailment is capable only of the doctor. After listening to the lungs of a small patient, he can suspect a serious illness. Finally, to make sure of the diagnosis, X-rays can be used. In addition, the baby will be assigned a blood test. This study will determine the causative agent of the disease.

Caution - pneumonia!

In the case of the above described symptoms, the only true solution will be a referral to the therapist. It is recommended to reduce psychological and physical stress. If you suspect pneumonia, symptoms (without temperature) fully indicate it, do not yourself do the following things yourself.

1. Take medication. Some bacterial infections react to drugs by abrupt reproduction and growth.
2. Warm the chest. Gorchichniki, banks will only contribute to the spread of infection.
3. Take antitussive drugs. Blocking the reflex, drugs lead to stagnation of phlegm in the lungs.
4. To visit baths, saunas. A high temperature will trigger the spread of infection in the lower ways.
5. To use antipyretic, anesthetizing medicines. Such drugs negatively affect the immune system.

Home methods

After you discuss with your doctor the symptoms of pneumonia without fever, folk remedies are allowed to be connected as additional fighting measures. Initially, it must be said that no home methods can not defeat this disease on their own.

It is recommended (only after discussion with the doctor) to introduce into the diet: garlic, onion, propolis, honey, elderberry, raspberry, hips. Of course, provided there is no allergy to these products.

Adult patients should stop smoking. The diet should be enriched with carbohydrates, proteins. It is advisable to eat foods containing a large number of vitamins A, B, C.

The patient should drink plenty of clean water. The room should be constantly well ventilated. It is useful to use an air humidifier.

Conclusion

Never ignore the signals that your body gives you. In fact even about the latent form of a pneumonia he necessarily signals the strongest weakness and the raised sweating. Remember, inflammation of the lungs without temperature is the situation in which an attentive attitude towards health (one's own or loved ones) can save a life.

. syl.ru

The first signs of pneumonia in children and adults

Pneumonia is a disease that has an infectious origin and is characterized by inflammation of the lung tissue in the event of provoking physical or chemical factors such as:

• Complications after viral diseases (influenza, ARVI), atypical bacteria (chlamydia, mycoplasma, legionella)
• Effects on the respiratory system of various chemical agents - poisonous fumes and gases (see. chlorine in household chemicals is hazardous to health)
• Radioactive radiation, to which infection is attached
• Allergic processes in the lungs - allergic cough, COPD, bronchial asthma
• Thermal factors - hypothermia or burns of the respiratory tract
• Inhalation of liquids, food or foreign bodies can cause aspiration pneumonia.

The cause of the development of pneumonia is the emergence of favorable conditions for the multiplication of various pathogenic bacteria in the lower respiratory tract. The original causative agent of pneumonia is the aspergillus mushroom, which was the culprit of the sudden and mysterious deaths of researchers of the Egyptian pyramids. Owners of domestic birds or lovers of urban pigeons can get chlamydial pneumonia.

For today, all pneumonia is divided into:

• out-of-hospital, arising under the influence of various infectious and non-infectious agents outside the walls of hospitals
• hospital, which cause hospital-acquired microbes, often very resistant to traditional antibiotic treatment.

The frequency of detection of various infectious agents in community-acquired pneumonia is presented in the table.

Causative agent	Average% detection
Streptococcus is the most frequent pathogen. Pneumonia caused by this pathogen is the leader in the frequency of death from pneumonia.	3, %
Mycoplasma - affects most children, young people.	1, %
Chlamydia - chlamydial pneumonia is typical for people of young and middle age.	1, %
Legionellae - a rare pathogen, affects weakened people and is the leader after streptococcus by frequency of deaths (infection in rooms with artificial ventilation - shopping centers, airports)	, %
Hemophilus rod - causes pneumonia in patients with chronic bronchial and lung diseases, as well as in smokers.	, %
Enterobacteria are rare pathogens, affecting mainly patients with renal / hepatic, cardiac insufficiency, diabetes mellitus.	, %
Staphylococcus is a frequent pathogen of pneumonia in the elderly population, and complications in patients after the flu.	, %
Other pathogens	, %
The causative agent is not installed	3, %

When the diagnosis is confirmed, depending on the type of pathogen, the patient's age, the presence of concomitant diseases, a corresponding therapy, in severe cases, treatment should be performed in a hospital setting, with mild forms of inflammation, hospitalization of the patient is not is required.

Characteristic first signs of pneumonia, the vastness of the inflammatory process, acute development and danger of serious complications in untimely treatment - are the main reasons for the urgent circulation of the population for medical help. At present, a sufficiently high level of medical development, improved diagnostic methods, and a huge the list of antibacterials of a wide spectrum of action has considerably lowered a death rate from an inflammation of lungs (cm. antibiotics for bronchitis).

Typical first signs of pneumonia in adults

The main symptom of the development of pneumonia is a cough, usually it is first dry, obtrusive and persistent. protivokashlevye, expectorants with a dry cough), but in rare cases cough at the beginning of the disease can be rare and not strong. Then, as the inflammation develops, the cough becomes pneumatic with pneumonia, with a discharge of mucopurulent sputum (yellow-green color).

Any catarrhal virus disease should not last more than 7 days, and a sharp deterioration of the condition later 4-7 days after the onset of an acute respiratory viral infection or influenza indicates the onset of an inflammatory process in the lower respiratory ways.

Body temperature can be very high up to 39-40C, and can remain subfebrile 3, -3, C (with atypical pneumonia). Therefore, even with a low body temperature, coughing, weakness and other signs of malaise, you should definitely consult a doctor. Caution should be a repeated temperature jump after a light gap during the course of a viral infection.

If the patient has a very high temperature, one of the signs of inflammation in the lungs is the inefficiency of antipyretic drugs.

Pain with deep breath and cough. The lung itself does not hurt, as it is devoid of pain receptors, but involvement in the pleura process gives a pronounced pain syndrome.

In addition to cold symptoms, the patient has dyspnea and pale skin.
General weakness, increased sweating, chills, decreased appetite are also characteristic for intoxication and the onset of the inflammatory process in the lungs.

If such symptoms appear either in the midst of a cold, or a few days after the improvement, these may be the first signs of pneumonia. The patient should immediately consult a doctor to undergo a complete examination:

• To pass blood tests - general and biochemical
• To make a roentgenography of a thorax, if necessary and a computer tomography
• Sputum for culture and sensitivity of the pathogen to antibiotics
• Sputum for culture and microscopic determination of mycobacterium tuberculosis

The main first signs of pneumonia in children

Symptoms of pneumonia in children have several characteristics. Attentive parents may suspect the development of pneumonia with the following discomforts in the child:

• Temperature

Body temperature above 38C, lasting for more than three days, not knocked down by antipyretics, there may also be a high temperature of up to 3, especially in young children. At the same time, all signs of intoxication are manifested - weakness, increased sweating, lack of appetite. Small children (as well as elderly people), can not give high temperature fluctuations with pneumonia. This is due to imperfect thermoregulation and immaturity of the immune system.

• Breath

There is frequent shortness of breath: in children up to 2 months of age, 60 breaths per minute, up to 1 year, 50 breaths, after a year, 40 breaths per minute. Often the child spontaneously tries to lie down on one side. Parents may notice another sign of pneumonia in the child, if you undress the baby, then when breathing from the patient lung can be noticed the retraction of the skin in between the ribs and the lag in the process of breathing one side of the chest. There may be irregular breathing rhythm, with periodic stops of breathing, changes in the depth and frequency of breathing. In infants, shortness of breath is characterized by the fact that the child begins to nod his head in time with the breath, the baby can stretch his lips and inflate his cheeks, foamy discharge from the nose and mouth can appear.

• Atypical pneumonia

Inflammation of the lungs caused by mycoplasma and chlamydia differ in that first the disease passes like a cold, there is a dry cough, runny nose, swelling in the throat, but the presence of dyspnea and a stably high temperature should alert parents to the development pneumonia.

• Character of cough

Because of the perspiration in the throat, only coughing can appear first, then the cough becomes dry and painful, which is amplified by crying, feeding the baby. Later, the cough becomes wet.

• Behavior of the child

Children with pneumonia become capricious, whiny, sluggish, they are disturbed by sleep, sometimes can completely refuse to eat, and also to appear diarrhea and vomiting, in babies - regurgitation and rejection of breasts.

• Blood test

In the general analysis of blood, changes are detected that indicate an acute inflammatory process - increased ESR, leukocytosis, neutrophilia. Shift of the leukoformula to the left with increasing stab and segmented leukocytes. In viral pneumonia, along with high ESR, there is an increase in leukocytes due to lymphocytes.

With timely access to a doctor, adequate therapy and proper care for a sick child or adult, pneumonia does not lead to serious complications. Therefore, at the slightest suspicion of pneumonia, the patient should be given medical care as soon as possible.

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Inflammation of the lungs: symptoms (without temperature). What are the symptoms of pneumonia?

Unfortunately, pneumonia occurs quite often. Respiratory organs are very sensitive to all kinds of infections, bacteria and fungi. Many people often ask the question: "What are the symptoms of pneumonia?" Is it necessary to have a high temperature? Many diseases are latent in nature. Often in a latent form and inflammation of the lungs. Symptoms without temperature significantly complicate the diagnosis.

Pneumonia

Pneumonia is a serious disease of the respiratory system, which affects the lung tissue. This condition can provoke streptococci, staphylococci, other bacteria, chlamydia, legionella, some fungi (eg, candida), influenza viruses, herpes. Infection "settles" is not in the nasopharynx, but falls below, causing inflammation in the lungs. The products of the vital activity of pathogens, which are inherently toxins, poison the body. Special harm is done to the central nervous system, the heart and blood flow organs. Pathogens penetrate the body by airborne droplets. Often, the disease can cause bacteria that inhabit the upper respiratory tract.

Causes

In general, pneumonia develops on the background of a weakening of immunity and respiratory diseases. With significant supercooling, the defenses of the body weaken, and harmful microbes penetrate into the lung tissue without much difficulty. In addition, fatigue, improper nutrition, lack of essential vitamins and minerals, stress and strong emotional outbursts also contribute to the development of a disease such as inflammation lungs. Symptoms (without fever or with a significant increase in it), cough should alert the patient. The danger of a latent course of the disease lies in the fact that there is a great risk of all kinds of complications (damage to the central nervous system and the cerebral cortex, decrease in the level of red blood cells in. blood) and so on. The mildly flowing disease is not paid special attention, it is not difficult to confuse it with other similar ailments.

Types of pneumonia

Pneumonia can develop as an independent disease (primary), and as a complication after the transferred infectious diseases (secondary). Depending on which area of ​​the lung is affected, the following types are distinguished: focal, segmental, lobar, draining, total pneumonia. In the first type, a small area of ​​the lung tissue becomes inflamed. Segmental affects several segments, and the share can spread even to the whole organ. With drain inflammation, small areas merge into one large one. Total pneumonia affects all of the lungs. If the inflammation is present in one lobe, then they say one-sided pneumonia. But if the disease touched both, then bilateral inflammation of the lungs is diagnosed. Symptoms (without temperature and cough, including) can be used to judge the development of SARS. By type of pathogen, the following types can be distinguished: bacterial, parasitic, viral, fungal inflammation of the lungs.

Classic Symptoms of Pneumonia

The most common is pneumonia as a complication in acute respiratory infections. As an independent disease in infections, it is not so widespread. What are the first symptoms of pneumonia? Cough, which has a permanent character, and over time it becomes stiff, with phlegm. The body temperature is significantly increased, the person is shivering. Paracetamol often does not have any effect. It becomes hard to breathe, an attempt to take a deep breath provokes a fit of coughing. It is worth paying attention to the bluish shade of the skin around the mouth and wings of the nose. If the catarrhal disease does not pass in a week, or the symptoms worsen, the doctor may also suspect pneumonia. Knowing which symptoms of pneumonia most often occur will help in time to consult a doctor. After all, this disease is extremely dangerous, especially in young children.

Pneumonia. Symptoms without fever

Unfortunately, it is widely believed that pneumonia is a disease in which a high fever is required. Her absence misleads people, they do not even suspect that a disease such as pneumonia is already developing. Symptoms without temperature characterize atypical pneumonia. General lethargy, fatigue, headache, nausea - all these signs a person often closes his eyes. In addition, it is possible to suspect pneumonia if breathing becomes severe, there is pain in the chest, dyspnea appears. A cough that does not go away for a long time should be alerted. All this is the main feature. Inflammation of the lungs (the symptoms are often contradictory) requires a complete examination for confirmation of the diagnosis, including X-ray and blood tests to determine level of leukocytes.

Pneumonia in children

And how does pneumonia develop in children? The disease has its own characteristics. Inflammation of the lungs in infants has the following symptoms: lethargy, anxiety, poor sleep and appetite. Atypical pneumonia is characterized by the fact that the child constantly wants to sleep, he literally falls asleep on the go. He will not perform the usual actions for him, he does not want to play if the inflammation of the lungs develops. Symptoms (without temperature) also include increased sweating, pain in different parts of the body. Children become more capricious during the period of the disease. If there is a suspicion of the usual inflammation of the lungs, Komarovsky's symptoms are as follows: a prolonged cough, high body temperature does not go away after 3-4 days. You can conduct a small test. If more muscle participates in breathing, it is given as it were with difficulty, then the development of pneumonia is possible. To make a diagnosis, you should consult a pediatrician. Obligatory is a blood test, which will determine the level of leukocytes.

Treatment

If an appropriate diagnosis is made, therapy should be started immediately. Atypical pneumonia is well treated with antibiotics, which are selected depending on the type of pathogen. On average, the duration of treatment is approximately 10 days. In addition, the doctor prescribes special cough preparations. They contribute to the dilution of phlegm. Incorrectly selected medications (if the patient decided to prescribe themselves) will only intensify the coughing attacks and make it tough. If there is a high fever, then you can take antipyretic medications alone. Over the course of the illness, a generous warm drink is recommended. If the patient's age is less than 60 years, and there are no accompanying diseases, then therapy can be carried out at home. Indications for hospitalization are the risk of complications, severe form of the disease, age over 60 years. In addition to antibiotic therapy, a specialist can prescribe respiratory gymnastics, vitamin preparations, massage and exercise therapy.

Actions that can not be performed with pneumonia

If all signs are found (inflammation of the lungs symptoms are sufficiently characteristic) of this disease, then it is important to remember and what to do absolutely not. First of all, you should not take antibiotics yourself. Only in the case of a complete clinical picture with an established type of pathogen the specialist prescribes the necessary preparations. You can not warm up your chest. A sauna, a sauna and hot tubs are strictly forbidden. Cough medicine is also prescribed only by a doctor. If the body temperature does not exceed the value of 3, ° C, then do not take antipyretic drugs. It is necessary to give the body the opportunity to fight pneumonia on its own. Large physical exertion, lack of bed rest will only exacerbate the course of the disease. Even if hospitalization is not needed, it is not worth bearing the disease on your feet.

Inflammation of the lungs in animals

Pneumonia often occurs in animals. It is very important to know that such a condition is a direct threat to the life of the pet. Inflammation of the lungs in cats has symptoms similar to those seen in humans. First of all, a cough develops. In addition, the animal loses its activity, refuses to eat. What symptoms of pneumonia can be observed yet? One of them is high temperature. To confirm the diagnosis, an X-ray examination is performed. Inflammation of the lungs in dogs has the same symptoms. However, often four-legged friends retain their usual activity and lead a seemingly ordinary way of life. When the condition is stable, when the animal is active and has a normal appetite, the therapy is carried out at home. If the cat or dog is passive, badly eats, then before the normalization of the state of treatment occurs in the hospital. Everything, as at people. Sometimes our friends have smaller and critical condition, which requires ventilation. As in the case of humans, treatment of cats and dogs can not do without the use of antibacterial drugs. Additionally, physiotherapy, which helps to separate sputum, is also shown. If the therapy is carried out at home, it is worth paying attention to weather conditions. Unusual walks in wet, rainy weather. It is important to complete the course of taking antibiotics according to the recommendations of the veterinarian.

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Symptoms of pneumonia in infants. Treatment, consequences of the disease

Pneumonia is an infectious disease of the lungs caused by viruses and bacteria of several species. The lungs become inflamed and filled with fluid, resulting in a cough in the patient and it becomes difficult to breathe.

How to recognize the symptoms of pneumonia in infants?

The disease can proceed quickly and develop literally in one or two days, but in a number of cases the infection process is delayed and lasts for several days. Often, a layman can not distinguish pneumonia from an ordinary cold.

The very first sign of pneumonia is a cough. Call the district pediatrician at the house if the infant or infants:

• often occurs in attacks of severe cough with mucous discharge;
• clearly feels bad;
• lost his appetite.

Severe cases of pneumonia require adequate treatment in the hospital. Call an ambulance if you find the following symptoms of pneumonia in infants:

• cough gradually worsens, and mucus becomes yellow, brown or with bloody veins;
• : the child's body temperature rises;
• the baby wheezes (or whimpers hoarsely when breathing);
• the baby refuses to drink water, and the total amount of liquid consumed in the last 24 hours does not exceed half of its norm;
• the child breathes often and shallowly, with each sigh his skin is drawn between the ribs, above the clavicles or under the rib cage;
• the child's lips and nails turned blue.

Risk factors

There are circumstances that increase the risk of developing some infectious diseases (which include pneumonia in the baby). Symptoms, reviews about childbirth, the behavior of the baby during feeding - all this information will allow the doctor to determine if the child is at risk.

The following groups of children are most susceptible to pneumonia:

• the youngest;
• daily exposed to cigarette smoke;
• left without vaccination or vaccinated in violation of the schedule;
• with diagnoses affecting the condition of the lungs (asthma, bronchiectasis - enlargement of the bronchi, cystic fibrosis);
• born prematurely;
• Pressed and coughing during feeding;
• suffering from chronic diseases (regardless of the lesion).

Diagnostics

At home examination it is very difficult to diagnose such a serious disease as pneumonia in the baby. Symptoms without fever can be misleading even doctors, since the first manifestations of pneumonia are in many ways similar to the usual, much more common cold. That is why it is necessary to show a small child to a pediatrician as soon as possible. He will listen to the lungs with a stethoscope and determine if there is liquid in the paired organ. The doctor will also check the heart rate of the infants, listen to breathing, check with the parents, what other symptoms of the disease they found.

If the child's condition appears to the district pediatrician to be unsatisfactory, he will suggest that you go to the hospital to take a chest x-ray. On an x-ray you will see how much the lungs are infected. You can also take a blood test or sputum to determine the causative agent of the infection and its nature (viral or bacterial).

Treatment

If the doctor discovers mild symptoms of pneumonia in the baby (without cough and complications), he will most likely prescribe treatment at home. With bacterial pneumonia, they fight with antibiotics. Viral illness can pass by itself - as the immune system of the child will suppress the impact of a harmful virus.

However, in order to accurately determine the type of infection, it is necessary to take the baby to the hospital for testing. In the case of mild infection, the doctor can prescribe antibiotics without testing to ensure that both the virus and bacteria are cured. There are other ways to alleviate the condition of a small child.

What can you do yourself?

No matter what type of pneumonia the infant is, the symptoms of the disease are always extremely unpleasant and can disrupt the sleep, nutrition and the regimen of the child. In order to minimize the discomfort experienced by the baby and contribute to an early cure, try to follow the following medical recommendations:

1. Create a baby all the conditions for a good rest.
2. To reduce the temperature, give the child child paracetamol or ibuprofen ("Nurofen"), strictly adhering to the instructions for the use of the drug. Paracetamol can be given to babies starting from two months if it was born at 37 weeks and later and weighs more than four kilograms at the moment. Ibuprofen ("Nurofen") is safe in treating children from three months weighing at least five kilograms. If you are in doubt about the correct dosage of the drug, strictly follow the instructions of the instructions or consult a treating pediatrician.
3. Pneumonia in the infant, the symptoms of which are expressed in the obstruction of the respiratory tract and cough, can lead to dehydration of the body, since with the listed manifestations of infection to a small child difficult to drink. Constantly offer the baby a breast or a bottle with a mixture, regardless of the established mode of feeding, and give additionally pure boiled water. If there is a financial possibility, it is advisable to buy special water for babies, intended for babies and sold in the departments of baby food.

Precautionary measures

Do not give a small child any medications for cough or cold, sold in pharmacies on a non-prescription vacation. Almost all medicines of this kind are intended for children over the age of six due to the increased risk of side effects in the youngest patients.

If a pediatrician diagnoses severe pneumonia in the baby, the symptoms (treatment with folk remedies in such cases almost never helps) gradually worsen, and antipyretic medicinal drugs have a very limited period of action, should go to the hospital and go to hospital. Remember that a dangerous condition does not always develop quickly - sometimes it takes several days before the baby's well-being worsens. Be sure to go to the hospital if the child has difficulty with absorption of food or breathing.

In the hospital

On inpatient treatment, doctors will provide the child with a full volume of fluids and oxygen. If necessary, the baby will be delivered a dropper, through which antibiotics will be introduced or, in case of severe dehydration, special fluids. In cases when pneumonia develops in the infant, symptoms, treatment with methods of alternative medicine, ignoring pediatrician recommendations and insufficient attention to the patient from relatives can lead to serious complications. disease. If a baby has difficulty breathing and the blood oxygen level has reached a critical level, a special oxygen mask will be placed on his face.

Effects

Usually, in such a common disease as pneumonia in the baby, the consequences do not represent any Dangers: most young children are successfully cured, and the former excellent state of health. However, in a number of cases, pneumonia is accompanied by complications that require special therapy and extreme attention to the condition of the baby.

Dangerous consequences of pneumonia in the child

1. Bacteremia (the presence of microbes in the patient's blood). Penetrating from the lungs into the bloodstream, bacteria are able to spread the infection to other internal organs and thereby cause dysfunction of these organs.
2. Abscess of the lung. Abscess means accumulation of pus in the lung cavity. This condition is treated with antibiotics. Sometimes for the removal of pus requires a surgical operation or installation of drainage with a long needle or tube, which is placed in the abscess.
3. Pleural effusion (exudative pleurisy) - accumulation of fluid around the lungs. Pneumonia can cause accumulation of fluid in a narrow space between layers of tissue, lining the lung cavity and chest (pleura). If bacteria get into this liquid, you will most likely need to pump it out with the help of drainage or remove it with the help of a surgical operation.
4. Labored breathing. With severe pneumonia, there are problems with breathing, and the sick child is unable to breathe enough oxygen. In this case, treatment in stationary conditions is necessary, where a small patient will be connected to special equipment that will minimize the most terrible symptoms of pneumonia in the baby.

Prevention

To provide a small child with all the conditions for a healthy life and to minimize the risk of inflammation of the lungs, take the following preventive measures in time:

1. Do not give up vaccinations. Pneumococcal vaccine (Prevenar 13) protects the baby from pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis (blood poisoning). In order not to seek out the symptoms of pneumonia in a babe who has fallen ill with an ordinary cold, it is also useful to put inoculations from a hemophilic infection of type b, diphtheria and whooping cough. The last two vaccines are part of the DTP.
2. Do not forget about the rules of personal hygiene. Cover your mouth and nose during a cough, and often wash your hands and your baby to prevent the spread of bacteria and viruses - the causative agents of infection.
3. Do your best to minimize the negative impact of cigarette smoke on the health of the baby. If you or your partner smoke, think about giving up bad habits. Infants living with smokers are more likely to get sick and more likely to suffer from such ailments as pneumonia, colds, asthma and ear infections.

If you are attentive to your baby, you can not only suspect the disease at an early stage, but also prevent it altogether.

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The main symptoms of pneumonia in infants

Pneumonia in the infant, the symptoms of which are diverse, has mechanisms of development that are very different from a similar ailment in an adult patient. If there are signs of pneumonia in the child, it is necessary to urgently lead him to the hospital, otherwise complications may occur, it will be possible to cope with it with great difficulty.If the disease is neglected in infants, the disease can lead to death.

The causes of pneumonia in young children

The main lesion occurs with various infections, which can be divided into the following types:

1. Disease of bacterial character.
2. Viral infection of the lung.
3. Penetration of fungi into the body.
4. Various physical and chemical causes.
5. Drug poisoning.

In young children, the main damaging factor is pneumococci. The incubation period of this pathogen is 2-3 days. The infection clinic is manifested in a sharp increase in the child's body temperature to 37-41 ° C. At the same time, drowsiness or general malaise may occur. If you seek medical help on time, the disease will be cured within 2 weeks.

For babies and babies, the most dangerous are the so-called Legionella pneumonia. Their incubation period reaches 4 days. If the disease is not treated in time, then in the lungs focal lesions occur, and respiratory failure develops. Often in such cases, the child dies.

The individual characteristics of each child also play a big role in the course of the disease. If the baby from birth has a narrow cage of the thoracic region, then this can complicate the treatment, since it contributes to the rapid development of the disease. There is a lack of breathing, which leads to a deterioration in the child's condition.

How is the disease in premature babies?

At such kids most often all depends on the assimilation of mother's milk. If there are no complications, then together with this product in the child's body gets the right amount of immunoglobulins, which forms the first line of defense against viral infections. With the development of pneumonia in this case, all the processes go in the same way as they manifest in children of the normal period of wear. With the timely detection of disease, the course of therapy, such children recover within 2 weeks.

If doctors deal with atypical forms of the disease, then everything is considerably complicated. Most often, the child develops a respiratory failure.

Preterm infants suffer with a general intoxication of all body systems, which leads to various pathological changes and often the death of a small patient.

Symptoms that characterize pneumonia in infants and newborns

The main signs of the disease during this period of the child's development:

1. The body temperature of a small patient rises.
2. There is a cyanosis on the skin.
3. There is a sharp increase in the rate of sputum accumulation.
4. The child is tormented by a persistent cough.
5. The kid is often irritated and almost always crying.

It is necessary to mark the first signs of the disease in time and begin timely therapy. If this is not done in time, serious complications can arise that will lead to the need to use strong antimicrobials. And this, in turn, can lead to the appearance of a dysbiosis in a child.

The development of pneumonia in a newborn and infants begins with an incubation period that lasts no more than 4 days. During this period, in young children, the disease flows secretly, without any external manifestations. Therefore, at the first suspicion of pneumonia in the infant, the symptoms of which have not yet manifested itself, parents should show the child to the doctor.

This should be done because children of the first period of life do not have a formed system of immunity, and local protection works only at the expense of immunoglobulin, obtained through the mother's milk. If the baby is on artificial feeding, then this measure of protection is absent and, therefore, any infection can cause serious harm to the child.

How to recognize the signs of viral pneumonia in a child?

If the baby has congenital pneumonia, then her symptoms usually appear after a few days. The disease begins with a cough and a sudden increase in body temperature, which indicates the respiratory nature of the disease and can lead to medical error. If the treatment is not given in time with antimicrobial agents, the following symptoms will start to appear:

1. The child refuses to eat.
2. Constantly capricious.
3. His rapid and strong breathing is heard.
4. The baby always cries.

All of the above signs appear due to the high temperature. With the chest X-ray, such a child clearly sees foci of inflammation in the form of segments. If the child is premature, the size of the lesion is much greater.

Such a patient should be hospitalized, and he needs to undergo intensive antimicrobial therapy. But we must be cautious, since the baby can show dysbiosis and other complications.

Parents can determine the illness of the child by themselves. The symptoms that should alert them are the following:

1. It takes breath because of asphyxiation (lack of air), the blueing of the skin begins.
2. It is necessary to pay attention to the increased tearfulness of the baby.
3. The child's temperature can rise to 40 ° C. Therefore, we must take him to a doctor.
4. The baby has a decrease in the threshold of reflexes, for example, respiratory or sucking.
5. The patient can suddenly drop weight, and the baby stops eating. There may be attacks of vomiting due to changes in the intestines of the child that occurred under the influence of pneumonia.
6. The cardiovascular system responds to the disease by worsening blood flow in the so-called small circle. This is due to infiltrates in the tissues of the lungs. Pathology in the baby can be determined by the swelling of the feet and blue skin. The normal operation of the heart muscle may be disrupted.
7. Pneumonia on the central nervous system of the child acts in such a way that some children begin to overly excited, while others, on the contrary, become sluggish and slow.
8. The main sign that adults can detect in a child with viral infection of the lungs is a sharp decrease in appetite. In young children, this can manifest as diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting, as microbes affect not only the lungs, but also the intestines of the child.

How to recognize the inflammation of the lungs in a small child in time?

This can be done on the basis of the following features:

1. In infants and babies, the elevated body temperature (about 40 ° C) lasts more than 3 consecutive days.
2. The child coughs, and moisture is released in large quantities.
3. The breathing of a small patient is gaining momentum. There may be a so-called groaning.
4. The skin begins to turn blue on the face and in the area between the nose and lips.
5. The kid refuses to eat.
6. There are signs of a cold.

In all of the above cases, you need to call a doctor at home or take the child to the hospital. There experts will check the baby's lungs and, if necessary, hospitalize him. The most accurate way to determine pneumonia is chest x-ray, and it can only be done in a clinic.

In newborns, recognizing pneumonia is a difficult task, but you need to start treatment as early as possible. Often this disease is caused by chlamydia. These are organisms that penetrate cells that are difficult to destroy by antiviral therapy.

Diagnosis of the disease in clinical settings

First, doctors listen to the child's lungs, tap his chest. Then a series of analyzes are carried out:

1. The blood is being examined.
2. Biochemical data are taken.
3. X-ray the chest of the child.

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When examining the blood, attention is drawn to the increased number of leukocytes that arise when a child's virus is damaged.

Biochemical parameters of blood are used to determine the effect of pathology on other organs and systems of the organism of a small patient. An increase in the level of uric acid may indicate a variety of disorders in the functioning of the kidneys. Radiography shows areas of damage in the patient's lungs and enables physicians to assess the extent of the disease.

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Features of the course of pneumonia without temperature

Pneumonia without temperature and special clinical manifestations is characterized by the presence of pathological changes inflammatory character in the lung without an organism response to these changes in the form of hyperthermia, cough and pain in the thoracic cell. This disease occurs in people with reduced immunity or in other cases considered below.

Causes of inflammation in the lungs

The source of the pathological process that caused pneumonia is infection.The nature of the course of pneumonia depends entirely on which causative agent is at the heart of the disease, on the presence or absence of concomitant pathology, prior treatment.This is to a greater extent and forms the answer to the frequent question: is there pneumonia without temperature? The asymptomatic course of the disease is more common in severe or weakened patients. For example, in patients after cavitary operations, with the presence of an oncologic process, and also with chemo- or radiotherapy, the presence of HIV infection.

But nevertheless, in most cases pneumonia without temperature occurs with uncontrolled intake of antibacterial drugs. The intake of the latter leads to the destruction of its own microflora in the intestines, which causes the growth of bacteria (which are classified as opportunistic and pathogenic), dysbiosis. The consequence of this is bowel dysfunction, including decreased immunity. Because it is the structural components of the intestine that form the majority of cells of the immune response and antibodies.

In this case, pneumonia without a rise in temperature can occur at any age, which is due to the development of the same conditionally pathogenic microflora. The most severe form of pneumonia occurs in children, because parents, despite the presence of complaints about poor do not change the child's life regimen, continuing to drive them to the garden or school, and this leads to a significant worsening of the condition. And if the process of active inflammation stops on its own, it gradually goes into a chronic stage, causing bronchitis of varying degrees of activity or asthma.

Doctors distinguish the following factors, leading to the emergence of this pathology:

• uncontrolled use of antibacterial drugs;
• application of antipyretics at any temperature increase;
• Earned tolerance to a certain group of drugs throughout life;
• self-administration of potent antitussive drugs;
• lack of a full-fledged cough reflex.

Therefore, it is necessary to limit the independent reception of not only antibiotics, but also any other medications without consulting a doctor. And if you have a prolonged cold or a usual cough, do not run to the pharmacy, but to the doctor for advice and the appointment of the right treatment or, if necessary, examination, which will help to avoid inflammation lungs.

The course of asymptomatic pneumonia

Regardless of the form of pneumonia, its symptoms are:

• general weakness;
• apathy;
• lack of appetite;
• the appearance and buildup of dyspnea.

The temperature rise can also be, but either short-term, or up to 3, -3, º, which does not attract attention and does not cause the assumption of active inflammation.

A single sign is always a cough. His character can be different: from the superficial and dry to rare and with phlegm. Sometimes, coughing can cause chest pain on the side of the inflammation and may be accompanied by sudden shortness of breath. This is due to the difficulty of escaping sputum from the bronchial tree, which can be very dangerous in view of the possibility of both life-threatening complications and a complete disruption of respiratory ways.

In addition, the symptom of pneumonia is the clinic of respiratory failure in the absence of a temperature reaction, this may be the first stage of pulmonary edema.

Symptomatic in this pathology - very meager, but still it is:

• the pallor of the skin is noted;
• there is shortness of breath, increasing over time (complaints of a lack of air, increasing with any physical exertion);
• the inability to take a deep breath or exhale (thus there is a cough);
• pain in the chest with breathing or physical exertion, up to simple body twists;
• marked general weakness and decreased physical activity;
• specific manifestations of the disease (change in the auscultatory and percussion picture, examination in this area is the prerogative of the doctor).

In any case, the interpretation of all the symptoms and the appointment of other examinations, the exact diagnosis and recommendations for treatment are only available to a specialist.

Hypostatic pneumonia

The course of pneumonia with a minimum of complaints and symptoms is called hypostatic. This situation is due to the presence of constant blood stagnation in a small circle of circulation. This stasis provides the transition of the liquid part of the blood through the vessel wall into the alveoli and bronchi, which is the cause of the pulmonary edema. This, in turn, facilitates the penetration of bacteria into the lung tissue itself. Against the background of pronounced permeability of lung tissue, weakening of the body's defenses and the presence of the opportunistic flora there is a process of inflammation at the local level, which later progresses in severe pneumonia.

Suspect pneumonia under these conditions is difficult. This is explained by the absence of any specific symptomatology. But it should be borne in mind that any diseases accompanied by forced long-term bed rest may be complicated by pneumonia. And the underlying disease can hide the symptoms of pneumonia, which is the reason for the neglect of the condition. A significant symptom of the appearance of a pulmonary problem is a cough. Its appearance should always serve as an excuse for additional examination of the chest organs. This will help not miss the onset of the inflammatory process in the lungs and avoid severe and sometimes fatal complications, the most dangerous of which can be lung abscesses and pleural empyema.

Pneumonia can occur without clinical manifestations, it is easily confused with a cold or SARS. But if there is shortness of breath, increasing with any physical exertion, cough with impaired sputum discharge, chest pain when coughing and clinical changes in the form auscultatory attenuation of breathing from the patient side and percussion manifestations of pleural complications, this should be an unambiguous indication to complex treatment and survey. It is better to conduct it in a multidisciplinary hospital.

The most serious is pathology in infants. With pneumonia, the inflammatory process can take place without any signs. The kid, unlike adults, has no opportunity to complain and talk about problems, and parents are not always in a hurry to turn to the doctor. In this case, you need to pay attention to any deviations in the state of the child.

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Methods of treatment

Treatment is carried out only when the doctor determines the diagnosis, after agreeing a clinical and radiological picture.

Therapy is based on the intake of antibacterial drugs, the purpose of which is according to the results of sputum culture on the sensitivity to antibiotics.

Self-administration of medications not only makes diagnosis difficult, but also complicates the treatment process, since bacteria can form immunity to the drugs taken. It is necessary to be aware of the seriousness of the situation. Pneumonia is not a cold, it itself will not pass without a trace, and its independent treatment will lead to the formation of chronic pathology, and this at best. The causative agent of pneumonia can have a specific nature (tubercle bacillus). And in this case, self-medication only aggravates the situation and lengthens the period of treatment.

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Sometimes the process of diagnosing a tuberculosis lesion lasts for several months, with no signs of active inflammation. And the beginning of treatment without setting a diagnosis, in relation to this situation, can have very serious consequences, including disability and death.

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