Impetigo in children and adults: photo, treatment, what is how to treat

What is it?

Impetigo is a contagious infectious disease caused by pathogenic microbial flora: streptococci and staphylococci.

occurs in a child and an adult. The main symptoms of impetigo: the defeat of the upper layers of the skin with the appearance of multiple pustules, turning into scabs with crusts. A sick person experiences itchy skin and burning sensation.

Impetigo is easily transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person at home through damaged skin. If impetigo is not treated, it is possible that the internal organs are damaged. Impetigo, depending on the type of pathogen can be streptococcal, staphylococcal, according to the forms of manifestation - vulgar, bullous.

Impetigo: photos from children and adults

Symptoms of impetigo

Symptoms of impetigo are associated with an infectious agent. However, characteristic for all kinds and forms is a superficially located element - fliktena, which is a pustule formed under the epidermis and filled with light, unclear contents or purulent, sometimes with an admixture of blood.

Depending on the causative factor, the following types of impetigo are distinguished:

• Streptococcal( superficial streptoderma), impulsio of Jadasson, Fox, contagious impetigo.
• Staphylococcal( superficial staphylococcal ostiophalliculitis), follicular impetigo, imprecision of Bokhart.
• Mixed( vulgar ), Streptococcal staphylococcus aureus.

Streptococcal impetigo

It occurs more often in adolescents and children, young women. Characterized by the appearance of red spots, passing in a few hours in scattered or grouped elements, prone to peripheral growth and merging with each other. If you do not treat streptococcal impetigo, it extends to a large area of ​​skin areas.

Flickety in diameter from 2 to 10 millimeters, surrounded by a rim of redness, or hyperemia, have a thin flabby cap, contain a turbid liquid. Often such rashes are localized on the face( masked impetigo), less often - on the legs, feet and hands.

After revealing the fiction, bright pink erosion is exposed.

There are several types of superficial streptodermia:

Bullous impetigo. A small amount of intense bubbles appears in the form of a hemisphere with a turbid liquid. They grow rapidly to 20 - 30 millimeters, after the opening of the bubble, a bright surface of erosion is visible, which in turn also increases in size, on its border fragments of the bubble cover and small flicks. This form of the disease is more often localized on the back of the hands, less often on the legs and feet.

Tournament: Impetigo of nail rollers. This is a circumgneal superficial panaritium. The bubble is in the region of the nail roller, in the form of a horseshoe. When the nutrition of the nail plate is disturbed, transverse grooves with raised edges appear on it, they are called the Bo-Reil furrows.

The impetigo is sliced. Quite often develops with a lack of B vitamins. It is localized in the folds of the skin of the corners of the mouth. This form of the disease is called streptococcal gall test( angular stomatitis).Also, the disease is observed on the skin of the wings of the nose, behind the auricles, in the outer corners of the eye gap. Imdigo: post erosive syphiloid. More common in infants, pustules are localized in the buttocks, hamstring and external genitalia. After opening the vesicles on a dense infiltrate, an erosive surface appears that resembles erosive syphilitic papules.

Impetigo is annular. It occurs when in the center of large flat bubbles yellowish-brown crusts are formed while the process is spreading to the periphery. As a result, the elements take the form of a sickle, a ring or a garland. In general, the elements on the surface of the skin of the feet and shins are localized.

Simple lichen of facial skin. The most common in childhood, represents the abortive( interrupted) variety of the disease in the form of a stain on the face of pinkish color and various sizes with fine-scaly peeling. Under the influence of sunlight there is uneven pigmentation, so the stains on the background of tanning healthy skin whitish.

Impetigo of the mucous membranes. It is manifested by flat bubbles on the mucous membranes of the nose, oral cavity, less often on the conjunctiva of the eyes.

Staphylococcal impetigo

This type of disease is more common in men. Purulent superficial inflammatory process, affecting the hair follicles. The lesion is manifested by the appearance of pustules up to 1-2 millimeters in diameter with purulent contents. Individual pustules reach 5 millimeters. They are surrounded by a corolla of redness, located in the central part of the hair follicle, sometimes permeated with gun hair.

Common localization: face, forearms, lower legs, hips. Pustules are located in a crowded area on a small area, and when scattered localization is determined in a significant amount. Possible regional lymph nodes - an increase.

First, redness and soreness appear in the follicle area, then hemispherical swelling with a yellowish cover and purulent contents is formed. There is no inclination of pustules to peripheral growth and fusion. Within a few days, the contents of the pustule are transformed into a crust and the element's without trace.

Vulgar impetigo

Often found in children. Very contagious. Characteristic of the appearance of blisters of streptococcal nature. With the addition of staphylococcal infection, the light content of the bladder becomes thick with yellow. Content flicten quickly ssyaetsya and turns into thick crusts of yellowish-green color, having the appearance of lumps. Under them is the wetting surface of erosion.

Usually the rash is very spreading, accompanied by a pruritus, the vesicles merge. Localization: open zones of the limbs and face.

With the rapid spread of the rash throughout the body and a large number of erosions and papular infiltrates, symptoms of intoxication are observed: subfebrile temperature, weakness, malaise, sleep disturbance and lack of appetite. In severe course, the body temperature rises significantly, the regional lymph nodes are enlarged and consolidated, renal damage is acute glomerulonephritis, abscess, phlegmon.

How to treat impetigo?

Treatment of impetigo is:

1. Correct and rational nutrition and diet, consisting mainly of protein easily digestible foods, fruits and vegetables. Excluded are spicy dishes, citrus fruits, condiments and canned goods.
2. Admission of vitamins, especially group B.
3. Rational skin care, especially in the area of ​​lesions. Hair in the hearth zone must be cut with scissors, but do not shave! Large bubbles are opened and treated with antiseptic and antibacterial drugs.
4. Carrying out of local treatment by means of external application( at any kinds and forms of an impetigo infection).
5. Systemic antibiotic therapy with antibiotics.

Local treatment of

Local impetigo therapy is performed by:

1. of one of the antiseptic drugs or a combination thereof;
2. with external antibacterial agents;
3. with external antibacterial agents in combination with topical glucocorticosteroids.

We use weak solutions( up to 0.1%) of potassium permanganate, 3% hydrogen peroxide solution or 0.5-1% chlorhexidine solution, as well as 1% solution of brilliant green or 1-3% of antiseptic preparations for washing or applying to affected areas.% solution of methylene blue. Treatment is carried out up to 3 times a day for one to one and a half weeks.

External antibacterial medicinal forms include ointments with gentamicin sulfate, mupirocin, retapamulin, erythromycin, linkamycin, solutions or gels with zinc hyaluronate. One of these drugs is applied to the area of ​​the foci 2 times a day for 1-1.5 weeks.

Combined preparations of the third group may be administered with a spray for irrigation of lesions whose components are oxytetracycline hydrochloride with triamcinolone acetonide, hydrocortisone ointment with oxytetracycline, and cream or ointment of betamethasone valerate with gentamicin sulfate. One of these drugs is applied up to 3 times a day for 1 to 2 weeks.

In addition, external treatment at home with the use of parts of medicinal plants is possible. For the treatment of foci, you can use juice or infusion of leaves, stems and flowers of celandine, tartar, violet tri-color, decoctions of flaxseed, infusions of plants such as calendula and chamomile flowers, St. John's wort leaves, decoctions of rhizomes and infusions of kirkasone lomonosomes, etc. However, the methods of self-preparation and methods of application must necessarily be coordinated with the treating dermatologist.

Systemic antibiotic therapy

It is performed only with widespread or relapsing impetigo, insufficient effectiveness of external therapy, as well as in case of complications. Antibiotics of penicillin( Amoxicillin), cephalosporin( Kefzol, Cephazoline, Ceftriaxone) series, macrolides( Clarithromycin, Sumamed, Azithromycin, Erythromycin), fluoroquinolones( Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Levofloxacin), Doxycycline( tetracycline antibiotic of broad spectrum) are prescribed.

The preparations themselves, their dosages and the duration of administration should be selected depending on the results of sowing the content of fliken on the microflora and its sensitivity to antibiotics, taking into account the patient's age, general condition, type and danger of complications.

Treatment of impetigo with folk remedies at home.

Flax seed .Decoction of flax seeds( 20 g of seed per liter of water, boil for 15 minutes, strain) is used to treat impetigo, both inside and outside. Inside, take half a glass a day or 1 tablespoon of seeds with a lot of water 1 time per day.

External applied in the form of lotions from the resulting decoction, or according to the following procedure: flour from flaxseed seeds, pour into a bag, immerse in hot water, then apply to a sore spot.

You can prepare an ointment from flaxseed flour by mixing it with unsalted butter 1: 5.Rub the ointment into the affected areas of the skin.

Walnut ordinary . PLANT IS POURANT!TO USE ONLY OUTDOOR ! For the treatment of impetigo, prepare the ointment: 4 parts of the bark of the plant, 10 parts of the lather and 1 part of the wax, weld, strain, squeeze, mass obtained externally.

Plawn clavate .Spores of the plant 1-2 times a day, sprinkle the affected areas of the skin( this is also done with soaking eczema).

Kirkazon ordinary .Apply for baths and compresses( 10 g of ground roots pour a glass of boiling water and cook for 10 minutes).

Cleaner large .Juice the plant several times a day, rub the affected skin. It is possible to prepare an ointment from the powder of the aerial part of the plant and the smelt( 1: 5).

Calendula .It is applied topically in the form of infusion or ointment.

Simultaneously take inside the fresh juice of calendula, 1 teaspoonful 4-5 times a day. Comfrey comfy .Used for compresses or lubrication of affected areas with cooled infusion( 1 tablespoon per 300 ml of water).

Lovedok medicinal .Infusion of a teaspoon of roots into a glass of boiling water( insist 1 hour, strain), take it inside, locally - a decoction of the roots or the whole plant - for the bath and compresses.

Thick-napkin .Juice fresh plants lubricate the affected skin. Violet three-color .For compresses or skin lubrication, use fresh plant juice.

The mockery of .Cold strained infusion used for douches and compresses.

A common remedy for treating impetigo is apple cider vinegar - it moistens a cotton swab and makes lotions on the affected skin.

Means of official medicine: Dr. GNNasgov

More often impetigo is treated locally. It is forbidden to wash, healthy skin is treated with alcohol solution of salicylic acid. Remove crusts, grease lesions with alcohol solutions zelenki, fucorcin, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory ointments( 1% erythromycin, flumethasone + clioquinol, etc.).

Antibiotics are used in a widespread and prolonged process. Locally apply mupirocin( ointment) 3 times a day( only with a non-bulbous form caused by golden Staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus).Removal of crusts and maintenance of cleanliness of skin is done by careful washing 2-3 times a day. It is recommended to carefully follow the rules of personal hygiene to prevent the possible spread of rashes.

Duration of treatment with nebulous form - 7 days( with unsuccessful rashes) or 10 days( with common rashes);with bullous form - 10 days.

In the absence of the effect of topical treatment for 3-5 days, antibiotics are administered additionally: for example, Cefalexin 25-50 mg / kg / day in 4 divided doses( children), 250 mg 4 times a day( adults), or Erythromycin(with streptococci) - 0.5 g every 4-6 hours( adults), 30-40 mg / kg / day in 4 divided doses( children under 14 years old).Alternative drugs: Amoxicillin 500 mg 3 times a day( adults), 125-250 mg 3 times a day( children after 2 years), 20-40 mg / kg / day 3 admission( children under 2 years).

When wetting impetigo - dressings with disinfectant solutions( Etakridin, nitric acid silver), wiping the surrounding healthy skin with 2% alcohol solution of salicylic or boric acid.

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Source of

1. Site: http: //bellaestetica.ru/dermatologiya/ impetigo.html
2. Illegov GN Official and traditional medicine. The most detailed encyclopedia.- Moscow: Izd-vo Eksmo, 2012.