Bad cold

How to treat a severe cold

The cold always begins imperceptibly: a common cold, fatigue, a desire to sleep. However, if you do not react to such symptoms, mild ailment quickly turns into a serious infectious disease.

You will need

1. Vesicles, onions, garlic, carrots, water, potato packs, mustard.

Instructions

1. With each passing day the rhinitis intensifies, the discharge from the nose begins to acquire a purulent character, the body temperature rises to 37 degrees, and in the evening already to 3, and 38. The cold very quickly passes to the throat and is accompanied by such unpleasant symptoms as itching, sore throat and cough. To reduce discharge from the nose and facilitate breathing, doctors recommend using vasoconstrictive drops. Choose a drug that is made on a natural plant basis. It is not addictive.
2. In addition to the drops purchased at the pharmacy, make your own from natural ingredients. Take one clove of garlic and crush it in garlic. Also do with a quarter of onions. Carefully press onion and garlic juice and mix together. The basis for the drops is ready. To ensure that a very sharp mixture does not burn the nasal mucosa, dilute it with water. So, on a teaspoon of the prepared juice take a teaspoon of water. Before instilling drops, rinse your nose with warm boiled water so that the substances are more active on the infection. The interval between instillations should be 2-3 hours. With a severe cold, you need to dig in the nasal drips for 7-8 days. Then you should take a break.
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3. Good drops are made from carrot juice. They are recommended for pregnant women and children. First rinse the carrots and clean it. Then put it in the juicer and make juice. For drops suitable only orange carrots, yellow and white contains insufficient nutrients. Use carrot juice as drops, without diluting it with water. For more efficiency on a glass of juice, you can add one teaspoon of honey. Also you will get excellent drops if you mix the same amount of beet and carrot juice. You can add aloe and cantaloupe juice to the mixture.
4. As soon as the throat aches, reddens and starts to perspire, perform regular rinses. To do this, stir a teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water. With the same water, wash your nose with purulent discharge. Do this: one nostril with a hand, and the second, pour in salted water with a teaspoon. Then quickly tighten this nostril, and the first release. So, water should go into one nasal passage, and pour out of the other. This method will quickly draw from the nasal cavities of all purulent formations.
5. In case of severe cough and sputum, perform steam inhalations. First, boil the water in a saucepan. Then throw a teaspoon of soda, cover the top with a towel and breathe over the steam alternately: then your mouth, then your nose. In addition to soda, you can use dry herbs: chamomile, St. John's wort, calendula. Two or three inhalations a day is enough. If the disease begins to sink from the throat to the trachea and lungs, do a night warm-up with a potato compress and mustard plasters. Cook the potatoes in a uniform, rastolkite it and put it in a plastic bag. At night, put this bag on your chest and cover with a towel. Or use the usual mustard plasters bought at the pharmacy. That the cough has passed, do warming up every night.
6. At a temperature of 3, -38 degrees, contact your therapist. Most likely, he will prescribe antibiotic treatment and prescribe additional measures, for example, physiotherapy. Do not buy antibiotics at your own discretion without a visit to the doctor. During illness, drink as much warm liquid as possible: tea with herbs and lemon. Water removes the infection from the body. As a result, the heat is reduced.

KakProsto.ru

Antibiotics for colds: indications and specific uses

By the term "cold" is meant a whole group of diseases of the upper respiratory tract, which can be characterized by both the viral and bacterial nature of origin. As a rule, all diseases have a similar symptomatology, which in most cases is relatively easy to treat. But it does not exclude situations in which complications of the common cold develop, it is impossible to get rid of them without antibacterial drugs. Almost all people take antibiotics for colds with fear, because they are also capable of causing side effects.

In order for the treatment to only benefit the sick organism, eliminating the accompanying symptoms, it is important to choose and apply a medicinal antibacterial preparation correctly.

When you need antibacterial drugs for colds?

If in the treatment of colds on day 5 after the start of taking medicines did not come improvement of the patient's condition, it is worth considering that it is possible to join the cold with a bacterial infection. It is in such situations and it becomes mandatory to use antibiotics. Such therapeutic actions for ARVI and common cold are very important, as often their course can be complicated by the development of other diseases, such as bronchitis, tonsillitis, pneumonia.

Also indications for the use of antibiotics are such diseases as purulent tonsillitis, otitis media, purulent sinusitis - sinusitis and frontalitis, pneumonia, inflammation of the lymph nodes with the formation of pus, laryngotracheitis.

Choosing antibiotics for colds should be particularly careful, in addition, they must be taken on such recommendations:

1. It is advisable to take the drugs inside. If the drug is administered intramuscularly or intravenously, an infection can be introduced into the blood. In addition, such procedures are very traumatic for the child.
2. It is necessary to adhere to monotherapy using one antibiotic from the selected group of drugs.
3. Take only the drug that is effective. If, during its use for 48 hours, the patient's condition has not improved, and the body temperature has not decreased, it may be necessary to change the antibiotic.
4. It is forbidden to apply antipyretic drugs in parallel, as they hide the action of the antibiotic.
5. The duration of treatment should be at least 5 days, and if necessary more. For such a period, the activity of the pathogen will be suppressed. Also, experts recommend not to interrupt therapy even after the expected effect, continuing treatment for 2 more days.
6. In the severe course of a cold and the occurrence of its complications, the patient should be hospitalization, and the use of antibiotic therapy should be administered and supervised specialist.

How to choose a drug?

Many patients often face a problem caused by the fact that they do not know what antibiotics to drink in case of a cold.It is important to know that all existing antibiotics are divided into groups, each of which is designed to treat certain bacteria. That is why it is so important to make an accurate diagnosis and then choose the right drug.

Types of drugs for colds

All antibiotics used for colds are divided into the following groups:

1. Penicillins.
2. Cephalosporins.
3. Macrolides.
4. Fluoroquinolones.

Penicillins by their nature can be natural - benzylpenicillin, or synthetic - oxacillin, ampicillin. Such drugs are effective in fighting bacteria, destroying their walls, which inevitably leads to the death of a pathogenic microorganism. Virtually never in the treatment with drugs of this group there are no side effects in the form of allergies or fever. The main feature of penicillins is their low toxicity, so they can be used in high dosages, and treatment is often carried out for a long time. Because of this advantage, very often such antibiotics for colds for children are used in pediatrics.

Cephalosporins are a group of antibacterial drugs with high activity. When they penetrate into the source of infection, the bacterial membrane breaks down. These drugs are used only intramuscularly or intravenously, orally, with the exception of cephalexin. Occasionally, minor allergic reactions and impaired renal function may occur.

Macrolides used to be widely used in the treatment of those patients who had an allergy to penicillin. Such drugs are non-toxic and do not cause allergies.

Fluoroquinolones have a high activity against gram-negative bacteria. In a short time, they penetrate inside the cell and affect intracellular microbes.This is one of the safest and non-toxic antibiotics, in the treatment of which there is not even a violation of the gastrointestinal tract.

Treatment of respiratory tract

Airways

Among diseases of the respiratory tract is tracheitis, bronchitis, pleurisy, pneumonia. All of them in most cases combine two common symptoms - fever and cough. As soon as they arise, you should immediately consult a doctor for the appointment of the correct treatment. Such actions will avoid many complications.

Among the drugs effective in controlling bacteria that affect the respiratory tract, it is worth highlighting Amoxiclav, Amoxicillin, Augmentin. All these antibiotics for colds belong to the penicillin group. Some bacteria that cause respiratory diseases can be resistant to penicillin. In such cases, Avelox is prescribed, Levofloxacin is trifluoroquinolone and fluoroquinolone.

Cephalosporins are effective in diseases such as pneumonia, pleurisy and bronchitis. For these purposes, Zinatsef, Zinnat, Supraks are widely used. Atypical pneumonia, the causative agents of which are mycoplasmas and chlamydia, can be cured by Chemotin and Sumamed. Each of these drugs is the strongest antibiotic for the common cold.

Treatment of ENT diseases

The most common diseases of ENT organs are sinusitis, otitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis. They can cause streptococcus, hemophilic rod, staphylococcus. In the treatment of such diseases, the following remedies are prescribed:

1. Augmentin, Ampicillin, Amoxicillin- apply with angina, frontitis, pharyngitis.
2. Azithromycin, Clarithromycin- the most effective antibiotics for colds, namely with genyantritis, pharyngitis, otitis.
3. Ceftriaxone, Cefatoxime- are used in cases when treatment with other antibacterial drugs has not brought improvements.
4. Morsifloxacin, Lefofloxacin- are used to eliminate inflammatory processes in the ENT organs.

Consequences of taking antibiotics

If improperly prescribed or treated with antibacterial drugs, many unpleasant consequences can occur. The most common side effects are:

1. Dysbacteriosis.On the mucous membranes and skin of the human body there are always bacteria that perform protective functions. When multiplying pathogenic microorganisms, beneficial bacteria do not survive. In this case, the imbalance is disturbed, which is usually manifested by candidiasis and diarrhea.
2. Stability of pathogenic microorganisms.With improper treatment, selection of more resistant bacteria takes place, which rapidly multiply in the body.
3. Allergic manifestations.Some drugs may cause an allergy in patients, which can not always be easily eliminated.

Antibiotics for colds should be prescribed exclusively by the attending physician on the basis of examination of the patient, collection of anamnesis and other studies. Antibacterial agents should in no case be used by patients without
appointment of a specialist.

NasmorkuNet.ru

What antibiotics for colds are effective for adults, the child: the list and the names

Antibiotics for colds are prescribed by a doctor in the case when the human body can not independently cope with the infection.

Usually dangerous signals of attack by malignant bacteria is the body temperature rise to a mark more than 38 ° C, as well as a runny nose, reddened throat and other symptoms, often accompanying a cold: inflammation of the mucous eyes, perspiration in the throat, shortness of breath, dry cough, headache, etc. Antibacterial drugs will help cope with bacteria, but appoint their reception should be exclusively a medical specialist, because uncontrolled self-medication with antibiotics can adversely affect the health rights.

Treatment of colds with antibiotics

Antibiotics for colds are necessary in extreme cases, when immunity does not cope with the pathogens that attacked the human body. Many of us, at the first symptoms of a cold, are wondering what antibiotic to take, perceiving it as a miracle cure for all diseases. However, this is a profound misconception, since it is shown to use antiviral drugs to treat influenza and acute respiratory diseases drugs, and only in the case when the patient's condition worsened and the bacterial infection "connected the correctly selected antibiotic. Thus, it is unacceptable to drink an antibiotic at the first sign of a cold!

Treatment of the common cold with antibiotics should be rational, and for this it is necessary to consult an experienced doctor who will determine the severity of the patient's condition and prescribe the antibacterial drug that will be most effective in a particular the case.

Colds (ARVI) can be considered a rather insidious disease, which manifests itself regardless of age, state of human health, as well as weather conditions. Acute respiratory disease is one of the most common diseases worldwide and without complications lasts an average of a week. Usually adults suffer from a cold on average two or three times a year. To date, physicians have more than two hundred viruses that cause inflammation of the respiratory system. It should be noted that the common cold refers to infectious diseases - it can be transmitted by airborne droplets and often affects bronchi, trachea, lungs. The viral infection lives longer in mucus than in air or a dry place. In order to start treatment on time, one should objectively assess the patient's condition. The main symptoms of a cold are:

• inflammation of the lymph nodes, which manifests itself in the form of seals on the back of the neck, behind the ears, under the lower jaw, when pressed, the patient has painful sensations;
• abundant discharge of mucus from the nose (runny nose), stuffy nose, and unusual dryness of its mucosa;
• sore throat, dry cough, hoarse voice;
• redness of the eyes and lacrimation;
• increase in body temperature from 37 to 38.5 ° C;
• indigestion, nausea and vomiting (with rotavirus damage to the body).

The cold never runs asymptomatically, therefore at the first signs of its development it is necessary to consult a doctor to prevent possible complications in time.

For the treatment of a cold, an accurate diagnosis is needed, which will allow you to choose the optimal medicine, i.e. antibiotic. Each group of antibacterial drugs is designed to treat a particular type of bacteria, so an antibiotic is prescribed depending on the lesion. For example, with inflammation of the respiratory tract, it is necessary to choose a drug that effectively fights bacteria that cause inflammatory processes in the respiratory organs: for example, Amoxiclav, Amoxicillin, Augmentin (ie antibiotics of penicillin group). With various respiratory diseases, such as pneumonia, it is necessary to take into account that they are caused by bacteria, most of which are very resistant to penicillin. For this reason, it is best to use Levofloxacin or Avelox to treat this disease. Antibiotics group cephalosporins (Supraks, Zinnat, Zinatsef) will help cure bronchitis, pleurisy, pneumonia, and macrolides (Sumamed, Hemomycin) will cope with atypical pneumonia, which causes chlamydia and mycoplasma.

Treatment for a cold with antibiotics should depend on the category of the disease. In ARVI, first of all, it is necessary to use antiviral drugs, t. they purposefully influence the immunity, strengthening it and helping to cope with the virus attack. Antibiotics with this diagnosis are useless, and this is contraindicated by doctors. The earlier treatment of acute respiratory viral infection with an effective antiviral drug began, the more likely it is to finish it. However, if the cold is caused by a bacterial infection, antibiotics should not be neglected. In this case, it is very important to pay attention in time to the condition of your own organism and to find out the exact cause of the onset of the cold in order to choose the most optimal antibacterial drug. After all, antibiotics should be treated very seriously, because they can not only help, but also harm in case of wrong choice. So, it is necessary to clearly define the limits that determine when antibiotics can be prescribed, and in which cases it is impossible. In our time, indications for antibiotic therapy are:

• purulent tonsillitis (sore throat);
• laryngotracheitis;
• purulent otitis (inflammation of the middle ear);
• suppurative sinusitis (purulent frontitis or sinusitis);
• purulent lymphadenitis;
• pneumonia, pneumonia.

Antibiotics for pregnant women with colds

Antibiotics for colds, as effective medicines, suppressing the growth of pathogens microorganisms, occur only in cases of complications caused by the development in the body of bacterial infection. Their use makes it possible to suppress the growth of not only pathogenic bacteria, but also certain fungi, thereby facilitating the life of a patient with a cold. One should remember the danger of self-treatment with antibacterial agents, especially when it comes to children and pregnant women. In such cases, it is necessary to take antibiotics as responsibly as possible, following only the recommendations and competent appointments of an experienced doctor.

Antibiotics for pregnant women with colds should be chosen in view of their effect on the fetus and only in those extreme cases that do require the use of these drugs. To select the most suitable antibiotic for the treatment of a pregnant woman, you should first determine the causative agent of the disease, as well as to reveal its sensitivity to one or another drug. If it is impossible to conduct such a study, antibiotics of a broad spectrum of action are usually prescribed. The most harmless for the body of the mother and child are the antibiotics of the penicillin series (for example, Ampicillin, Oxacillin, etc.), as well as cephalosporins (eg, Cefazolin) and some macrolides (among them, Erythromycin and Azithromycin). It is these drugs that doctors give preference to when prescribing treatment for pregnant women.

The dosage of an antibiotic for a pregnant woman is determined by a doctor, usually it does not differ from the dosage of the drug for the rest. A future mother should carefully follow the recommendations of the doctor and in no case should not reduce the dose of the medicine, tk. this can provoke the opposite effect: in This situation, the antibiotic will not have such an effective action aimed at the destruction of microbes, and can not completely suppress the bacterial infection.

Be sure to take into account the fact that antibiotics maximize their effectiveness only in the treatment of infectious diseases of bacterial origin. In other cases, they are not able to provide the desired action and can even harm the body. For example, antibacterial drugs will be powerless when:

• ARVI and influenza (in this case, the diseases are caused by viruses, for the destruction of which it is necessary to use antiviral drugs);
• inflammatory processes (antibiotics are not anti-inflammatory drugs);
• elevated temperature (do not confuse the effect of antibiotics with the action of antipyretic and analgesic drugs);
• coughing in pregnant women in those cases if it is caused by a viral infection, an allergic reaction, development of bronchial asthma, but not the action of microorganisms;
• intestinal disorders.

If we consider the impact of antibiotics on the fetus, then according to the results of numerous medical studies, that these drugs do not provoke the development of any birth defects in the child and do not affect his genetic apparatus. But at the same time, some groups of antibacterial drugs have so-called. embryotoxic effect, i.e. can lead to a violation of the function of the kidneys of the fetus, the bookmark of the teeth, affect the auditory nerve, and cause a number of other adverse changes.

Antibiotics for pregnant women with a cold have the most unfavorable effect on the fetus in I trimester of pregnancy, so if there is such a possibility, treatment is recommended to be transferred to II trimester. However, if there is an urgent need for such treatment, the physician should appoint a future mum antibiotics with the lowest degree of toxicity, as well as strictly monitor the condition of the pregnant women.

What antibiotics to drink for a cold?

Antibiotics for colds should be used according to the doctor's recommendations in those cases when the patient's condition indicates the development of complications, such as tonsillitis, purulent sinusitis, pneumonia. However, first of all, with a cold, you need to use proven folk remedies and drink antiviral drugs, the action of which is directed at the destruction of a viral infection. Do not resort to antibiotics if the cause of the disease is not established. It is necessary to weigh all the factors "for" and "against" the intake of antibacterial drugs, taking into account their side effects and possible complications.

What antibiotics to drink with a cold, only the doctor knows, who will determine the degree and type of complications caused by a cold, and then prescribe the antibiotic of the corresponding group:

• Penicillins (Augmentin, Ampicillin, etc.) have a pronounced bactericidal effect and are effective in treating bacterial infections and severe forms of ENT diseases (angina, purulent otitis, sinusitis, pneumonia and etc.). The action of these antibacterial drugs is aimed at destroying the walls of bacteria, which causes their death. A positive feature of penicillins is their low level of toxicity, so they have found wide application in pediatrics.
• Cephalosporins have an active bactericidal action aimed at destroying the bacterial cell membrane. Usually antibiotics of this group are prescribed for the treatment of pleurisy, bronchitis, pneumonia and are injected (intravenously or intramuscularly), only cephalexins are taken orally. They cause less allergic reactions than penicillins, but in rare cases, there are allergic manifestations, as well as disruption of the kidneys.
• Macrolides (azalides and ketolides) have an active bacteriostatic effect and are effective in treating atypical pneumonia. The first macrolide was Erythromycin, which was used by patients with an allergic reaction to penicillins.
• Fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin, etc.) are used to kill gram-negative bacteria (mycoplasma, pneumococcus, chlamydia, E. coli). Quickly penetrating the cells, they hit the microbes that are there. Today they are the most nontoxic antibacterial drugs that do not cause allergies and are safe to use.

To find out what antibiotics to drink in case of a cold in this or that case, you should consult a medical specialist. For example, for the treatment of various infectious and inflammatory diseases in our time often prescribed drug Flemoxin Solutab, containing amoxicillin. In bronchitis, pharyngitis, acute tonsillitis and otitis, pneumonia and a number of other infectious and inflammatory diseases, a Suprapax preparation may be prescribed, the reception of which is necessary To conduct according to the recommendations of the doctor, tk. in the case of uncontrolled treatment of the common cold, this drug may cause adverse reactions in the form of a violation of microflora intestines. This can lead to the development of severe diarrhea or pseudomembranous colitis. An effective antimicrobial is Levomycetin, which is used for infectious diseases. Dosage of the drug and the duration of treatment, as in other cases, should be strictly established by the attending physician.

A good antibiotic for colds

Antibiotics for colds should be used if, after taking antiviral drugs in the early days of the disease, there was no improvement, especially when the patient's condition worsened: this means that, in addition to viruses, the body also attacked bacteria. Such medications are good "helpers" in ridding the human body of toxins and all sorts of pathogens microbes, but the choice of antibiotic in this or that case remains with the doctor, tk. should correspond to the indications and the flow of a specific disease. The fact is that an insufficiently strong antibacterial drug can not cope fully with complications caused by a cold or flu, and an antibiotic of "powerful" action can damage the immune system of the body.

The beginning of the use of antibiotics in medical practice dates back to 1928 and is associated with the name of the Englishman Fleming. It was he who discovered the substance "penicillin capable of leading to the death of many microbes and bacteria, and thereby made a real revolution in medicine, because since then, many previously deadly the diseases became curable: scarlet fever, pneumonia, tuberculosis, pneumonia, and the like. During the Second World War, thanks to antibiotics, doctors managed to save the lives of millions of wounded of people. To this day, these faithful "helpers" help doctors fight for the health of many patients.

A good antibiotic for a cold is a drug that is chosen in accordance with the type and course of the disease. Treatment with antibiotics should be done carefully, after consulting with a doctor who will choose the optimal drug from the four main classes of antibiotics of different action, which have proved to be effective agents in the treatment of various complications caused by bacterial infections. These classes include: penicillins (Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Amoxiclav, Augmentin, etc.); macrolides (Azithromycin, etc.): fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, etc.); cefalosporins (Cefixime, Cefuroxime, Supraks and others).

Before you start taking any medications, it is advisable to try to cope with a mild cold, using methods and recipes of traditional medicine. For example, make inhalations, foot baths, put a compress or mustard plasters. It is necessary to increase the volume of consumed liquid, and also to expand the diet with natural vitamins, i.e. fresh fruits and vegetables. At the first signs of worsening with a cold, you should immediately go to the hospital to prevent the development of complications. In the case when a bacterial infection attacks the body, it becomes necessary to urgently "connect" the antibiotic, because in this situation, in a literal sense, it is about saving a patient's life. The patient should understand that only the attending physician can prescribe an antibacterial drug, and at the same time it is necessary to strictly observe the indicated dosage, as well as the intervals of admission. Self-medication can lead to exposure to human health of significant danger.

Antibiotics for colds can have a number of negative consequences, especially when self-medication is chosen incorrectly. Among such side effects, allergy, GI disorders, dysbacteriosis, and depression of the immune system are most common.

It should also be remembered that it is not recommended to take an antibiotic for more than 5 consecutive days, but also a reduction in the period of antibiotic treatment can lead to the fact that the infection will not be eliminated from the body, and this, in turn, will cause complications in the form of failures in the heart and kidney. If after three days the patient does not feel relief of his condition, it is necessary to ask the doctor about changing the drug to another, more effective. It should also be cautious about combining other drugs with antibiotics, in such cases it is necessary to follow the recommendations of the doctor. In no case should you take an antibiotic, the expiration date of which has expired!

A good antibiotic for colds must give positive results within three days: the patient will feel better, he will have an appetite, and unpleasant symptoms will disappear.

When treating antibiotics, it is important to take care of reducing their negative effects on the body. To this end, the doctor must assign probiotics to the patient - drugs that normalize the intestinal microflora and thereby prevent the development dysbiosis, strengthen immunity, favorably affect the work of internal organs, reducing the possibility of side effects and complications.

Antibiotics for colds for children

Antibiotics for colds should be given with extreme caution to children. Such treatment should be appointed by the attending physician, to which you need to seek advice immediately after the first signs of the disease - the occurrence of a cold in the child, cough, fever. Usually, the temperature above 3 ° C indicates that the immunity of the child tries to get rid of the virus by itself, in this case the doctor prescribes antipyretic agents. If, after 3-5 days, the baby's health does not improve, and the temperature is still high, it is recommended to start reception of the corresponding antibiotic, but only strictly according to the appointment of the pediatrician and with confirmation of the bacterial nature disease.

Antibiotics for colds for children are a serious test for a growing organism, so they should not be used immediately after the onset of symptoms of the disease. If parents believe that taking a "powerful" antibiotic is the only effective method for treating ARVI or ARI is a deep delusion! The effect of antibacterial drugs on the children's body without a special reason can be very negative, and sometimes even devastating. Not to mention the use of antibiotics to treat babies, which in itself is blasphemous. Colds should be treated with antiviral drugs, the result of which usually appears not immediately, but after a 3-5-day period. However, the febrile process in children, which is most often caused by infections of the respiratory tract of the viral type, can fluctuate within 3-7 days, and sometimes even more. It should not be mistaken to believe that antibiotics are an alternative to antitussive drugs, because cough for colds is the protective reaction of the child's organism, which usually occurs last, after the disappearance of the remaining symptoms disease. The question of prescribing the treatment of a child with antibiotics is decided by an experienced pediatrician who will assess the condition of the baby and only in case of emergency will choose the optimal drug. Parents should carefully follow all the recommendations of the doctor, including about the method of taking and dosing an antibacterial drug. It is also important not to discontinue the treatment of the child before the due date.

Some antibiotics for colds for children are strictly prohibited. First and foremost, these drugs are so called. tetracycline group (Tetracyclin, Doxycycline, Minocycline, etc.), which can disrupt the process of formation of a baby tooth enamel, as well as antibacterial drugs fluorinated quinolones, having in their names the ending floxacin" (for example, Ofloxacin, Pefloxacin), which adversely affect the formation of joints in the child cartilage. In pediatrics, also taking Levomycetin, whose action is directed to the development of aplastic anemia (the process of oppression of hematopoiesis), and can lead to a fatal outcome.

Among antibacterial drugs used in pediatrics, you can note Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Levofloxacin, Flemoxin Solutab, Moximak, Zinnat, Avelox, Amoxiclav, etc. The choice of this or that medicine depends entirely on the experience and professionalism of the child a doctor who must determine which antibiotic will be the best assistant and will benefit in treating complications after a cold in each specific case.

So, antibiotics for colds should be used to treat children only in cases of acute need. This will not lead to the desired recovery, but only exacerbate the situation, because the effect of an antibacterial drug can become destructive to the immunity of the baby, which will increase the risk of infection return.

Names of antibiotics for colds

Antibiotics for colds should be selected especially carefully, without resorting to self-medication, and having consulted a doctor who will determine the degree of complications and prescribe the most effective means. In addition, when taking antibiotics should follow these recommendations:

• in the treatment should be used only one, the most effective drug from a certain group;
• if after the first reception of the antibiotic after two days the patient's condition has not improved and the temperature has not decreased, there may be a need to change the drug;
• It is impossible to combine the antibiotic with antipyretic drugs, because they "lubricate" its effect;
• the period of antibiotic treatment should be at least 5 days, or even more. It is this length of treatment that allows the drug to fully cope with the causative agent of the infection;
• In severe cold and complications, the patient should immediately be hospitalized, and antibiotic therapy should be carried out under the supervision of the attending physician.

The names of antibiotics for colds (at least a few of them) are useful to everyone, because, in this way, a person will have at least some idea of ​​the drug that the doctor will appoint. Antibiotics have traditionally been divided into several classes:

• penicillins,
• macrolides,
• fluoroquinolones,
• cephalosporins.

The penicillin class includes such names of antibiotics as Ampicillinum, Augmentin, Amoxicillinum, Amoxiclav, and others.

The most common names for the class of macrolides are Erythromycin, Azithromycin, etc. (such drugs are considered to be the most potent in the treatment of bacterial infection). The antibiotics of the fluoroquinolone class include levofloxacin and moxifloxacin, and to the class of cephalosporins - Aksetil, Cefixim (Supraks), Cefuroxime axetil and others.

The main goal in the treatment of various infectious complications caused by a cold is to assist the body effective assistance aimed at the fastest disposal of pathogens and toxic substances. For treatment to give a quick positive result, you need to make the right choice of antibiotic, and this can only be done by an experienced doctor.

It should be remembered that antibiotics for colds are not so harmless as it may seem, they can cause a number of side effects, especially if they are not used in those cases. For example, many do not understand or simply do not know that only the antiviral can cope with a viral infection of the respiratory tract drug, and begin to use antibiotics immediately when cold symptoms such as a runny nose, cough, increased temperature. This is a great misconception, because improper intake of antibiotics can cause great harm to the already weakened immunity of a person. Such drugs are needed only to treat bacterial infections, the development of which can be caused by complications of the common cold. Usually, antibiotics are prescribed if, after 4-5 days after the onset of the disease, the patient does not experience an improvement in condition or, on the contrary, it becomes worse.

Amoxiclav for colds

Antibiotics for colds should be used purposefully, depending on the condition of the patient and the features of the course of the disease. Among the common drugs used in modern medicine, a separate place is occupied by an effective antibacterial drug Amoxiclav. It has established itself as a reliable tool for treating various complications caused by colds and other adverse factors, in particular, such as the occurrence of infections after surgical operations.

Amoksiklav for colds is successfully used in modern medicine to treat so-called. "Mixed" infections, as well as to prevent possible infection of the patient during surgical intervention. Mixed type of infection is most often caused by gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, as well as by anaerobes (including strains), manifested in chronic forms of otitis, sinusitis and osteomyelitis, cholecystitis, odontogenic infections, aspiration pneumonia, various infections of the abdominal cavity, and the like.

Amoksiklav - a combination of two substances: aminopenicillin, amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, which has a pronounced bactericidal effect. A detailed medical study of the microbiological properties of this preparation gives grounds to state that Amoxiclav due to the combination of the above-mentioned active substances has a depressing effect on the synthesis of bacterial walls and has a stable antibacterial effect on a host of pathogenic microorganisms: Neisseria spp., Streptococcus spp. (different groups), Staphylococcus spp., Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp., Helicobacter pylori, Moraxella catarrhalis, Acinetobacter spp., Haemophilus influenzae and many others. other

Pharmacokinetic properties of Amoxiclav indicate its pronounced advantages in comparison with other penicillins. So, after taking the drug, rapid absorption of components from the digestive tract, regardless of food intake, is observed. The maximum level of drug concentration is reached approximately 45 minutes after admission. The main way to remove the drug from the body is its release together with urine, calves, and exhaled air.

Amoxiclav for colds, due to the pronounced antimicrobial activity and unique pharmacokinetic properties, is used to treat a number of infectious diseases accompanied by inflammatory processes:

• infections of the respiratory system (in particular, acute and chronic sinusitis, bronchitis, zagrug abscess, pneumonia, etc.);
• otitis (both acute and chronic);
• infections of the skin, joints, soft tissues and bones;
• infections of the genitourinary system;
• various kinds of gynecological infections.

As for the side effects that occur when taking Amoxiclav, the drug is generally tolerated by patients normally, without any adverse reactions from the body. As a percentage, only 8-14% of the total number of patients had side effects in the form of abnormal gastrointestinal function (diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting). To avoid such side effects, it is recommended to reduce the dosage of the drug and take it during meals.

Antibiotics for colds are invaluable when there is an urgent need to resist the development of pathogenic microbes and bacterial infections. However, summing up, it is necessary to note again that the reception of antibiotics must be coordinated with a competent medical specialist. This is the only way to achieve high results in the treatment of post-cold complications and to minimize the risk of negative effects of antibacterial agents on human immunity.

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Drugs for colds. What drugs to take with colds

The risk of catching an acute respiratory disease persists people at any time of the year, even in hot summer. But especially colds sicken us in the winter months, as well as in the off-season. What medications for colds can help get rid of it most quickly and effectively? Our review is devoted to this question.

Antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drugs

When we catch cold, then, as a rule, our temperature rises, nasal congestion, perspiration in the throat, coughing are unpleasant symptoms, to be sure. What drugs for cold will help to quickly relieve the condition, lower the temperature, remove puffiness in the nasopharynx, slow or even stop the development of inflammatory processes in the body? There are three tested, reliable and universal medicines:

- "Aspirin

- "Ibuprofen

"Paracetamol."

All of the listed cold tablets are widely used in therapy directed against ARI, but today it is considered that "Paracetamol" is the safest. It is produced not only in tablets, but also in the form of rectal suppositories, syrups and drops (for small children). Analogues are preparations "Panadol" Efferalgan "Kalpol" Flutabs "and others. medicines. On the basis of paracetamol, many modern preparations for influenza and cold are produced:

• "Fervex
• "Solpadeen
• "Caffetin
• "Coldrex
• "Teraflu
• "Rince
• "Maksikold
• "Parkotset
• "Sedalgin
• "Grippex" and others.

A question may arise: "If all these drugs for the treatment of cold unites paracetamol, then how do they differ from each other?" A business in that all of the listed drugs include various additional components that help the body to cope more quickly with disease. For example, in the notorious "Fervex except paracetamol, there are still other substances such as ascorbic acid and poriramine, in" Solpadein "are contained in small doses of codeine and caffeine, etc.

What can be dangerous paracetamol

This drug is well tolerated by most patients, it has relatively few contraindications. In favor of paracetamol is the fact that this medicine is approved for use even in infants (in droplets and syrups). Nevertheless, even the safest drugs for colds can have some side effects on the body. And the drug "Paracetamol" is not an exception.

In the press, they write a lot about medical research, claiming that this drug, taken in a child's age, is able to further provoke the development of asthma in adolescents, and also contributes to the emergence of eczema and allergic rhinitis. Therefore, cold medicines for children should not be used without a good reason and without consulting a doctor.

Paracetamol adversely affects the liver (however, like many other drugs), so patients with severe diseases of this body should take this drug with great care.

Drugs from the common cold

What remedy for cold and flu can effectively fight with nasal congestion with a cold? Such a drug should be sought among the so-called decongestants - drugs that have the ability to narrow the blood vessels, so that they can remove the swelling of the nasopharynx, and the sick person gets the opportunity relatively freely breathe.

These drugs are available in the form of tablets, as well as in the form of drops, ointments and sprays. The most popular today are sprays, drops and emulsions. All vasoconstrictive drugs can be divided into three groups: short, medium and long.

To drugs from the common cold shorts are:

• "Sanorin
• "Tysin
• "Naphthyzine"

The advantage of these drops is their quick action and inexpensive price, and the disadvantage is that they "work" only a few hours, and sometimes even less. Meanwhile, they can be buried in the nose no more than 4 times a day.

Drugs of medium duration:

• "Rinostop
• "Ximelin
• "Galazoline
• "Xylen
• "Otrivin".

The composition of these drops and sprays includes the substance xylometazoline. It is thanks to him, in these drugs, the duration of the action (up to 10 hours) is successfully combined with high efficiency. Disadvantage: these drugs can not be buried in the nose of children up to the age of two, and their use should not last more than 7 days.

Drugs for colds with a runny nose:

• "Nazol
• "Nazivin".

Use these funds is allowed only twice a day and not more than 3 consecutive days. They are capable of providing free breathing for a long time. The disadvantage is that prolonged vasospasm acts destructively on the mucous membrane of the nose. Contraindications for use are the age of the child under 1 year, pregnancy, as well as diabetes and kidney disease.

If you have a sore throat

We will continue to study the issue of how to fight against flu and colds. Drugs that are used for this, can not be limited only to tablets from temperature and drops for the nose. If the throat hurts, and this happens in ARI in most cases, then effective medications are also needed for it.

Today, very popular are various absorbable lozenges and pills that can have a local anti-inflammatory effect, as well as aerosols:

• "Inhaliptus
• "Propofol"
• "Cameton
• "Tharyngosept
• "Akvalor throat
• "Yoks
• "Laripront
• "Strepsils
• "Hexoral
• "Terraflu LAR
• "Neptune Neo
• "Septolelet Plus
• "Anti-Anginas
• "Ajicept
• "Sebidine
• "Stopangin" and others.

The big plus of the listed drugs is that they are indicated for topical application, their penetration into the body is negligible, they practically do not flow into the blood. Meanwhile, these drugs have a strong effect against viruses and microbes, which, in case of colds, actively multiply in the mouth and cause inflammation and sore throat.

However, one must understand that with severe angina such medications can not cope entirely with the disease. The attending physician usually prescribes effective pills for influenza and colds, sometimes even antibiotics. You can also read about them in our article.

What will help cough

Runny nose, sore throat, fever is not all symptoms of ARI. If a person coughs badly for colds, what to drink then? It will be better if the doctor prescribes the medicine on the basis of the diagnosis, because cough can be caused by different causes (bronchitis, laryngitis, pneumonia, tracheitis, etc.). In addition, the cough can be dry or wet, with the spitting of phlegm.

To get rid of dry painful cough used such tools as:

• "Kodelak
• "Stopoutsin
• "Terpinkod
• "Tussin plus
• "Sinecode
• "Neo-coding
• "Cophanol
• "Insty
• "Glycodine
• "Butamirate
• "Bronhicum
• "The Falimint
• "Hexapnevmin" and others. preparations.

Expectorants for the treatment of wet cough:

• "Bromhexine
• "Lazolvan
• "ACC
• "Mukaltin
• "Toussine
• "Glyceram
• "Ambrobene etc.

Antibiotics

Sometimes the illness is so strong that the doctor decides to appoint the most powerful drugs to the patient, which are available in the arsenal of modern pharmacology. What antibiotics for a cold should be taken to the patient - only a qualified doctor can decide. The fact is that different bacterial drugs affect different types of bacteria. Here is a list of modern antibiotics, which are most often used in the treatment of acute respiratory disease, bronchitis, pneumonia, tracheitis, etc.:

1. Penicillin group:

• "Amoxicillin
• "Amoxiclav
• "Augmentin" and others.

These drugs are effective against bacteria that cause inflammation of the upper respiratory tract.

2. Group of cephalosporins:

• "Zinzef
• "Zinnat
• Supraks.

Drugs of this group help with bronchitis, pneumonia, pleurisy.

3. Group of macrolides:

• "SummaMed
• "Hemomycin".

This is one of the strongest antibiotics of the last generation. They are able to cope fairly quickly even with SARS.

Antiviral drugs

Often people identify flu with colds. This is because the symptoms are similar in many respects. With the flu, the throat also hurts, the nose does not breathe, the head hurts, the body temperature rises, etc. That's why, when self-medicated, grief-sick people try to fight the flu by taking usual anti-cold medications, including antibiotics, which can be very harmful for themselves.

Meanwhile, you need to know that the nature of the flu is not bacterial, as in conventional ARI, but viral. And this means that antiviral drugs are needed to fight the disease. The following medicines are most often used in complex therapy for the treatment of influenza:

• "Amiksin
• "Kagocel
• "Arbidol
• "Relenza
• "Grippferon
• "Rimantadine
• "Midantan
• "Ribamidyl
• Interferon.

Medicines that strengthen immunity

When we are already sick, the flu and cold pills, of course, will help to quickly overcome the disease and get well, but there are medicines with which you can strengthen immunity and avoid infection even in the peak of the epidemic ARI.

Very popular and safe are immunomodulators, which are produced on a plant basis:

• "Immunal
• "Tincture of Echinacea
• Extract of echinacea "Dr. Theiss
• "Tincture of ginseng
• "Extract of Eleutherococcus
• "Tincture of Chinese magnolia vine".

It is also possible to increase the resistance of the body to catarrhal diseases with the help of medicines that contain microscopic doses of enzymes of various pathogens (streptococcus, staphylococcus, pneumococcus and other). In the pharmacy network the following drugs are sold for the prevention of colds from this group:

• "Lycopid
• "Ribomunil
• "Broncho Munal
• "Imudon
• "IRS-19".

Vitamins

With a cold, what else to drink? Usually the doctor necessarily prescribes vitamins to his patients who have taken up ARI. In no case should not neglect this recommendation, because these drugs effectively strengthen the body of a sick person, stimulate immunity, help the damaged cells to regenerate, e. Here is the list of vitamins that we need for a successful fight against the common cold:

1. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid, or ascorbic acid). This is the most powerful assistant in ARI. It is able to actively inhibit the multiplication of viruses and bacteria. When ailments a day, it is recommended to take 1000-1500 mg of vitamin C;

2. Thiamine (B1). It promotes the regeneration of damaged epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract.

3. Riboflavin is a vitamin B2. It needs an organism for the synthesis of antibodies.

4. Pyridoxine is a vitamin B6. Participates in the regenerative processes of nerve endings when the disease is affected by the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract.

5. Nicotinic acid is a vitamin PP. Thanks to it, blood circulation improves, vessels are restored.

6. Retinol - vitamin A. This is a very necessary element for the successful regeneration of epithelial cells.

7. Tocopherol - vitamin E. It has powerful antioxidant properties; can stimulate the immune system.

Of course, vitamins enter our body with food, but this is not enough, especially in winter and spring. In the pharmacy you can buy universal multivitamin complexes, for example:

• "Complivit
• "Multivit
• "Polivit
• "Undeeth
• "Pangexavite
• "Oligovit
• "Nutrisan
• "Macrovite
• "Hexavit" and many others.

There are multivitamin preparations, the action of which is enhanced by useful mineral substances. Independently to understand the abundance of vitamin funds is difficult, so it is better to rely on the choice of a doctor.

Medications for children

Drugs for colds for children should be prescribed by a pediatrician. After all, individual drugs from an adult home medicine chest can be harmful to children. But to have at hand some proven drugs in the family, where there is a baby, is also necessary.

Antipyretics for children:

• "Panadol" children's candlelight or in suspension.
• Analogues of "Panadol" Cefekon "Kalpol" Efferalgan. "

Cough medicine:

• Syrup "Tussin".
• A solution or syrup "Lazolvan".
• "Sinecod" in drops or syrup (from a dry cough).

For ears, throat and nose:

• "Nazol Kids" and "Nazol Baby" (spray and drops) - from the common cold.
• "Otypaks" - droplets for the ears, not containing an antibiotic.
• "Aqua-Maris" - a weak solution of sea salt in the form of a spray. It moisturizes and cleanses the mucous membranes of the throat and nose. Analogues: "Salfin" and "Valleys".

The listed funds are enough to hold out until the doctor arrives.

Folk remedies

Good cold pills - it's certainly great! But some people, for various reasons, prefer to be treated purely by natural means. Well, folk medicine can offer a lot of excellent recipes and recommendations. Here are some of the most versatile and effective:

1. Raspberry tea is a remedy for colds and flu, which has been used by mankind since time immemorial. Raspberry berries in dried form or in the form of jam will help to quickly lower the temperature, they have antipyretic properties, since they contain natural salicylic acid. In addition, in raspberries in sufficiently large quantities there is vitamin C.

2. In the gruel, garlic is added honey (proportion:), the drug is thoroughly mixed and given to the patient twice a day, one to two teaspoons. Garlic is also recommended for inhalation. To do this, several of its teeth are crushed, poured with water (1 tbsp.) And boiled for 10 minutes. Then this "shock" medicine can be put in front of the patient, so that he breathes over it.

3. Another remedy (and very effective) for a cold is ordinary milk. Perhaps you do not know that it contains enzymes that enhance immunity, and there is also a tryptophan substance, which contributes to the development of serotonin in the body - a strong soothing. In a liter of milk, you need to add a few spoons of honey, nutmeg, cinnamon, vanilla, bay leaves and a couple of peas of sweet pepper. Bring the milk drug to a boil and insist before use 5 min.

4. If the patient is suffering from cough, you can try to use such a proven means, as the juice of black radish, mixed with honey. The drug is prepared as follows: from the washed root the apex is cut off, a part of the pulp is scraped from the middle, so that an empty cavity is formed. The hole is put honey (2 h. l.), and the radish is closed by a cut top, like a lid. Wait 12 hours - during this time, the juice will be allocated, which, combined with honey, will turn into an antitussive medicine. Take the drug is recommended as follows: for adults - 1 tbsp. l. 3 times a day, for children - 1 hour. l. three times a day.

Prevention

We are used to fighting flu and cold from time to time. Drugs in the pharmacies are abundant, so most meet the disease with the certainty that it will not be easy to cure. But prevention is a great and necessary thing. Therefore now we will remind, what preventive measures help happily miss each other with a heavy foul:

1. Inoculation against influenza. Every year, doctors warn the public about the need for timely vaccination, but many of us simply ignore it, and in vain.

2. In the cold season, when there is not enough sun in the street, and there are not enough fresh fruits and vegetables on the table, you can and need to feed yourself synthetic vitamin complexes and do not forget about lemon, cranberries, decoction from the hips - all this will save the body from a deficit vitamin C.

3. Oksolinovaya ointment, neatly applied before going out on the mucous membrane of the nose, is a strong shield that can repel attacks of bacteria and viruses.

4. Personal hygiene should be on top. That is the motto "more often to wash hands with soap" is actual as never!

5. The room in which you are, you need to ventilate and conduct mandatory wet cleaning, since in a dry dusty atmosphere, the microbes feel incredibly comfortable.

6. During the epidemic of influenza and acute respiratory disease, it is not recommended to go to popular shopping centers, cinemas, cafes and other places where a lot of people gather. But walks (especially skiing) in the open air in a country park or a forest are excellent for strengthening the body.

Conclusion

Having become acquainted with information about what preparations to take with cold, you can meet ORZ or the flu fully armed. But it's better, of course, never to catch a cold and not get sick! Take care of yourself, we wish you strong health!

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