The gallbladder is an organ closely related to the structure and functions of the largest gland of the human body, namely the liver, which detoxifies harmful substances and decomposition products, is involved in digestion, the metabolism of certain enzymes and hormones. The liver cells, called hepatocytes, produce substances in two directions: in the blood capillaries - vitamins, fats, proteins, glucose, urea, etc.
And in the bile ducts produce a bitter liquid containing bilirubin, cholesterol, mineral elements, lecithin and bile salts.
Physiological features
Bile fluid is slightly viscous, and can be both light yellow and dark green in color.
It is involved in the cleavage of fats, stimulates the secretion of the pancreas, neutralizes the acidic contents of the stomach that enters the duodenum.
For a day a person needs from 500 to 1000 ml of bile, but there is no need for constant admission.
The gallbladder is a muscular-epithelial saccular-shaped container for storing, thickening and regulating the secretion of bile.
The length of this organ is 8-14 cm, and the width is 3-5 cm. The volume of this peculiar reservoir varies from 40 to 70 cm3 in an adult.
The wide end of the of the gallbladder slightly extends beyond the lower edge of the liver, and is called fundus vesicae felleae, or in the Russian bottom.
The narrow end of the , the collum( vesicae felleae) is opposite and closes with the common bile duct, which is directed downwards, penetrates into the duodenum.
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At the junction with the common bile duct, the muscle fiber bundles form the sphincter of Oddi, which is responsible for regulating the bile flow into the digestive tract.
The middle part of ( corpus vesicae felleae) forms the body of the gallbladder. The walls of this organ consist of three parts, beginning from the outside:
- serosa( tunica serosa vesicae felleae), muscular membrane( tunica muscularis vesicae felleae) and mucosa( mucosa).
Symptoms and signs
Diseases of the gallbladder and liver have a number of common symptoms:
- acute and stitching pain or dull pain and heaviness that can give to the right;
- unstable stool, formation of gases;
- nausea or vomiting;
- yellow coating on the tongue, bitterness in the mouth, unpleasant odor.
Dyskinesia of the biliary tract - "impaired mobility", a disease caused by a violation of gallbladder motility.
Disrupts digestion due to insufficient or excessive amount of incoming bile.
Dyskinesia is not life threatening, but if you do not change the diet, then unpleasant consequences are ensured.
Gallstone disease is the most common disease of the biliary tract, in which bile, supersaturated with cholesterol, crystallizes and precipitates.
Often accompanied by severe pain associated with the release of stones( stones) from the bladder and their progress.
Against the background of cholelithiasis, often develops cholecystitis - inflammation of the gallbladder.
Acute cholecystitis differs from chronic high fever, attacks of vomiting that does not bring relief, yellowing of the skin and sclera.
Chronic cholecystitis has the same manifestations of the disease as most liver diseases, therefore a thorough check by a gastroenterologist is necessary for the first symptoms of the disease.
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Causes of gallbladder disease:
- irregular eating, overeating;
- excessive intake of marinades or pickles, fatty, floury, spicy, fried and smoked;
- other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
- menopause, hormonal failures, metabolic disorders;
- infection by parasites;
- infection;
- nerve disorders;
- frequent weight lifting;
- obesity.
Recommended diet
In case of gallbladder disease, diet should be observed, to combat hypercholesterolemia, avoid overeating.
It is necessary to limit the use:
-
of butter, - of flour dishes,
- of eggs.
Prefer low-fat products, such as:
- boiled beef or turkey,
- rabbit,
- fish, steamed.
Do not fry the garnishes and vegetables .Welcome vegetable salads with the addition of vegetable oils( eg olive oil), not sour greens and fruits.
Weekly it is recommended to spend unloading days on mono-diets. Of drinks can not be strong tea and coffee, alcohol.
Treatment with folk remedies
In folk medicine, medicinal herbs are often used, as well as their infusions in pure form.
They are an effective addition to the prescribed treatment, whose effectiveness was proven by previous generations.
The way of preparing these gifts of nature differs little depending on the recipe.
Dry mixture of herbs( or one plant) pour boiling water in the calculation: two tablespoons per glass, then wrap or put next to the hot object to infuse for several hours.
Strain, and then take half the glass 3 times a day. If the collection contains fruits, rhizomes or bark, you need to boil an infusion of half an hour in addition.
The following are common formulations that have choleretic action.
1. Dandelion roots( application in folk medicine), stalk, bark of buckthorn and mint of peppery leaves to mix in equal proportions.
2. Take the flowers of the immortelle( the healing properties are written on this page) and the stems of St. John's wort in relation to 1: 1.5.Take 40 minutes after eating.
3. In equal parts, connect the flowers of the immortelle( for contraindications read here) and sporish( medicinal properties), cranberry leaves( use) and chamomile flowers to measure twice as much. Drink before eating in warm.
4. Leaves of peppermint and birch mixed with hips and St. John's wort. Boil, use a decoction before eating.
5. Fruits of coriander, mint leaves and three-leaf watches, take immortal flowers equally and boil. Drink a quarter of an hour before eating.
Infusions and tinctures on alcohol are no less useful than medicinal fees, but they act narrowly.
Grass oregano( medicinal properties and contraindications) soothes nerves, it has a beneficial effect on digestion, it is pleasant to taste.
The addition of oregano grass( about the useful properties written here) in a daily cup of tea will make it more fragrant.
Salvia officinalis has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, therefore it is widely used for inflammation of various kinds.
The phytohormones in its composition help regulate menstrual cycles, sage is useful for hormonal failures and menopause.
Stinging nettle because of the vitamin K content is recommended for bleeding, stimulates blood clotting.
Corn stigmas are choleretic plant-derived, improve metabolism and reduce appetite.
Yarrow common , like nettles, helps wound healing, but also helps in the fight against parasites and bacteriological infections.
St. John's wort perforated or ordinary( medicinal properties and pro-indications) is an excellent antiseptic, as well as an analgesic. Strengthens the walls of blood vessels due to the content of its composition of hyperoside and routine.
Important note
Learn eight more recipes for the treatment of the liver and gallbladder at home.
