Neuroses - a set of various neuropsychic disorders. The disease is increasingly diagnosed in modern people - it is caused by nervous constant and physical overload, a fast pace of life. Pathology occurs in people of different sex and age. How are neuroses in adults manifested - the main symptoms and treatment?
- Causes of Nervous Disorders
- Common signs of anxiety neuroses
- Special forms and symptoms of neuroses
- Traditional methods of treatment
- Treatment with folk remedies
We treat neuroses at home using folk methods Symptoms and treatment of an anxious neurosis What is the neurosis of compulsive movements Soothing means for depression and neurosis - list Obsessive-compulsive disorder: causes and treatment
Causes of Nervous Disorders
Neurosis is the result of overstrain of the centers of nervous higher activity, which develops against a background of prolonged irritating effects on them. The disease manifests itself not only in the form of deterioration of psychological health, but also negatively affects the work of many internal organs and systems. Most often, disorders of the central nervous system are diagnosed in women who are prone to hysterics, have an hysteroid type of character.
The main causes of neuroses:
- increased mental stress, constant stress;
- inability to deal with problems;
- forgetfulness, which became or could cause negative consequences - a forgotten hot iron, water;
- congenital asthenia is a congenital pathology in which a person is not capable of prolonged physical and mental work;
- prolonged intoxication of the body - neuroses often develop against a background of long-term infectious diseases;
- bad habits.
Important!Mental disorders, somatic necrotic changes are reversible - with timely diagnosis and proper treatment, the disease recedes. But many people are embarrassed to visit a psychiatrist and neurologist, which leads to the development of severe forms of the disease.
Common signs of anxiety neuroses
Symptoms of neuroses doctors are divided into 2 groups - mental and somatic, which can occur in all forms and types of the disease.
To identify signs of psychopathic nature, a special test for neurosis is carried out - it allows to identify the presence of chronic fatigue, anxiety, indecisiveness, lack of self-confidence. People with neuroses rarely set long-term goals, do not believe in success, they often have complexes about their own appearance, they are difficult to communicate with people. Patients often diagnose an overestimated or underestimated self-esteem.
Psychopathic symptoms can manifest themselves in the form of reduced performance, chronic fatigue, lack of aspirations and desires. The quality of sleep deteriorates - insomnia, drowsiness may be disturbing.
Somatic symptoms can affect almost all systems in the human body, which greatly complicates the diagnosis. Most often, nervous disorders are manifested by pain in the heart, increased sweating, anxiety, a person's hands are shaking.
Varieties of neuroses:
- Neurasthenia is the most common form of nervous disorders. At the initial stage, irritability, constant headaches, decreased concentration of attention. As the disease develops, work capacity decreases. At the final stage, there is lethargy, apathy, weakness, asthenic syndrome develops.
- Hysterical neurosis - this group includes paralysis, paresis, convulsive hysterical fits. Patients with this diagnosis are always irritable and nervous, even in a relaxed environment. Their behavior is inadequate, reactions are unpredictable. The main signs are obsessive movements, hypotension, attacks of hysteria.
- Depressive neurosis - develops against a background of protracted psychogenic or neurotic depression. The disorder is characterized by a deterioration in the quality of sleep, a loss of ability to rejoice, a bad chronic mood. The disease is accompanied by disturbances of heart rhythm, dizziness, watery eyes, increased sensitivity, problems with the stomach, bowel, sexual dysfunction.
- The neurosis of compulsive states - a person perceives his thoughts and actions as unaccustomed, but can not control them.
- Hypochondriacal neurosis - a constant fear of contracting an incurable disease, to be in a desperate situation.
Symptoms of neuroses in men manifest themselves sharply, immediately in large numbers - this is due to the peculiarities of the structure of the nervous male system. Men visit doctors less often, inattentively refer to their own health, less often visit doctors. But in women neuroses diagnose neuroses 2 times more often, often the disease occurs against the background of hormonal failures, early menopause.
Important!Neuroses are often accompanied by vegetative-vascular dystonia with hypotonic syndrome. With a sharp decrease in pressure, a person can lose consciousness, fall into a faint.
Special forms and symptoms of neuroses
Neuroses often manifest themselves as symptoms that are not related to the nervous system, since nerve endings permeate all internal organs without exception. Psychosomatic manifestations can disrupt the work of any system, or the whole organism. Any pathological changes in internal organs are accompanied by irritability, insomnia, anxiety.
Neurosis of the heart - a violation of cardiac activity under the influence of nervous constant stresses, hysteria. The disease manifests itself in the retrosternal pain of the stitching or compressive nature, dizziness, general weakness, hypertension and heart rhythm disturbance.
Neurosis of the intestine is accompanied by constant attacks of diarrhea or constipation, rumbling in the stomach is supplemented by colic and pain. A person can complain about excessive gas formation, a feeling of bursting in the stomach even after drinking water.
Bulimic neurosis (wolfish hunger) - uncontrolled intake of high-calorie food at any time of the day. During attacks, a person swallows any food indiscriminately, even without chewing. A person understands that such a quantity of food can cause obesity - therefore, intentionally causes a vomiting after eating, takes laxative medicines, leads himself to exhaustion with sports training.
Neurosis of the stomach is a frequent pathology, which people write off for food poisoning, hunger, improper nutrition. With a neurosis, often a feeling of overcrowding, or emptiness in the stomach, sometimes there is a strong aversion to any food. Pain constantly moves from the abdominal cavity to the subcostal or iliac region. The disease is accompanied by frequent belches, heartburn, vomiting.
Neurosis of the pharynx is characterized by frequent spasms of the larynx, a person constantly senses a lump in the throat, a burning sensation of compression, and it is difficult to swallow. This neurosis often develops against the background of hysteria, neurasthenia, menopause.
Intercostal neurosis - severe pain spreads along the line of intercostal nerves. Attacks can be at any time of the day, amplified by corners and inclinations of the body, accompanied by increased sweating, changes in the color of the skin. The disease is often confused with renal colic, shingles, a heart attack.
Psychogenic cough - often happens in children on a background of stress or overwork. At the same time, it disappears in a calm environment, during sleep, does not increase under the influence of physical exertion. Nervous cough is dry, without phlegm, medications do not bring relief.
Neurosis of the bladder is a violation of the process of urination, which is not associated with diseases of the urinary system. Pathology is accompanied by frequent or false urge to urinate, a person may complain of a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder. Sometimes a person ceases to feel the bladder - you have to visit the toilet on a schedule, and not as a result of natural urges.
Traditional methods of treatment
Therapy of neuroses is carried out in 2 directions - pharmacological and psychosomatic. Medications are used to treat exacerbation of chronic neurosis.
In psychotherapy, doctors use 3 methods:
- conversation;
- cognitive therapy - reproduction of a situation dangerous for the patient in favorable conditions, sometimes a person is first introduced into a trance state;
- hypnosis;
- art therapy;
- psychoanalysis.
The main task of a psychiatrist and a psychologist is the normalization of the patient's well-being, help in finding his place in life. For the prevention of neurosis, doctors recommend that each person get a certain corner of freedom - a hobby, an interesting form of recreation, which will help to escape from everyday everyday problems.
If psychotherapy does not bring relief, then resort to treatment with pharmacological drugs. For this, neuroleptics, antidepressants, tranquilizers and psychostimulants are used.
Aminazine is an antipsychotic, an effective antipsychotic with a sedative and hypnotic effect. The drug is used in hallucinations, the hysteroid form of neurosis. With prolonged use, a person may begin to have a prolonged depression.
Diazepam - a tranquilizer, on therapeutic properties is similar to neuroleptics, but a little differently affects the nervous system - it stimulates the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid. Used as a sedative, relaxing remedy. Applied in the treatment of neuroses obsessive states. To correct behavior at the initial stage of neurosis, soft tranquilizers - Mebikar, or herbal teas based on sedative medicinal plants - are used.
Antidepressants - Deprim, Heparium, Sertralin is used for phobias, asthenia, depressive states. When acute forms of the disease use strong sedatives - Elenium, Relanium.
Treatment with folk remedies
Folk remedies help to cope with feelings of anxiety, stress, get rid of overwork.
Effective sedatives:
- tea with melissa - mix 10 grams of tea leaves and leaves of grass, pour 1 l of boiling water, drink tea in the evening and before going to bed;
- milk and honey - in 220 ml of warm milk dissolve 5 ml of honey, drink slowly before bedtime;
- Yarrow - brew 5 g of herbs 220 ml of boiling water, cool in a closed container. Take 15 ml before each meal;
- oregano - brew 400 ml of boiling water 20 g of grass, leave for an hour, take 120 ml three times a day before meals;
- valerian - pour 450 ml of boiling water 20 g of crushed roots of the plant, simmer on low heat for 5-7 minutes, leave for a quarter of an hour, take 110 ml 30 minutes after eating.
Aromatherapy helps to effectively cope with neuroses, improve mood, increase work capacity, normalize sleep. With nervous disorders you can inhale mint oil, oregano, roses, lemon balm. With strong stress will help the oil of geranium and bergamot. As a sedative, you can use jasmine, chamomile, vanilla. Cedar, sandalwood, lavender will help to relax, bring your thoughts in order.
To treat neuroses requires a lot of effort, time, financial costs. Prevent the disease simply - competently alternate work and leisure, find an interesting hobby, more to walk in the fresh air. At the first signs of mental fatigue, it is necessary to consult a specialized specialist.
