Visual acuity minus 2 - what kind of ailment is involved, and how to deal with it

Visual acuity -2 is the diagnosis that millions of people face each year in a preventive an examination with an ophthalmologist or a visit to a doctor at the first complaints of a blurred vision of objects in the distance. And although such a diagnosis can cause concern, panic about it is not necessary. It indicates the presence of a common pathologist, amenable to correction.About this, what ailment and how to restore sight, will tell this material.

What it is

Minus 2 - the parameter of visual acuity, characteristic for myopia (nearsightedness).

This is a fairly common disease, to which approximately 800 million people on the planet suffer in varying degrees (according to the latest data from the health organization).With it, the image is fixed not in a certain area of ​​the retina, as in healthy people, but in the space in front of it.For this reason, a person suffering from this pathology usually sees close objects fairly well, but often it is difficult to distinguish objects located in the distance.

In medicine, there are three degrees of myopia:

• Weak(up to 3 diopters);
• Medium(3-6 diopters);
• Strong(from 6 diopters and more).

With indications, the doctor diagnoses a low degree of myopia.With her, the patient does not need to constantly wear corrective optics. The acuity of his sight is enough to distinguish objects surrounding him, navigate in space, read, write and even work at the computer.At this stage of the disease, the decrease in comfort of life is insignificant. In addition, it is easily adjusted by both lenses and laser.

Despite the fact that weak myopia, as a rule, does not cause a person significant anxiety and eventually he can even get used to it, the disease must be treated with due fear. After all, very quickly it can progress and develop into a more complex form, which will be much worse to be treated.

It is for this reason that one must be able to recognize the disease in time even at such a stage, and if there is a specialist in his hands, confirming such a deplorable state of vision - to immediately decide on methods to stop the progress of myopia and effective correction view.Fortunately, nowadays medicine has the necessary means for this.

So sees a person with a decline in vision

Causes

Lowering the vision to -2 in people can appear for various reasons. Among them:

• genetic predisposition to myopia;
• mechanical damage to the eye;
• weakening of scleral tissues;
• primary weakness of accommodation;
• systematic violation of visual hygiene.

Concomitant factors in the development of this disease can be considered a general weakening of the body, vascular disease, a lack of vitamins and minerals in the body.

Also, such indicators can often be observed in adolescents with deceitful myopia. In such cases, they are caused by overwork and a violation of visual hygiene.However, when these factors are eliminated, the state of the eyes can stabilize, and the disease will pass without a trace.In other cases, such a tactic of combating the disease will not yield effectiveness.

Investigation of the causes of impaired vision, especially in the early stages of the disease, is extremely important for selecting the right treatment strategy.

This is why a patient who finds symptoms of such a disease in his or her room should make a sound assessment of working conditions, observance of general rules of hygiene of vision, the role of the hereditary factor, in order to provide the doctor the fullest possible information when collecting an anamnesis.

Glasses - a good way to correct vision

Symptoms

Myopia at all stages, including early, has a similarly expressed symptomatology with such characteristic manifestations:

• eye strain;
• fatigue after prolonged reading or driving;
• problems with the concentration of sight at objects located in the distance, their blurring;
• headache.

Symptoms of myopia can be more or less intensely expressed depending on the stage of the disease.

However, in any case, they will be a direct indication for the visit of the attending physician and a thorough examination and further treatment.

Diagnostics

Reliably, the degree of myopia, including at -2, can be established only in the chord of a complex ophthalmological study.It should include:

• visual acuity check on the tables;
• measurement of eye length (conducted in the office of ultrasound diagnostics);
• check of refraction;
• examination of the fundus (this stage of diagnosis allows the doctor to assess the condition of the patient's vessels, as well as the retina of the optic nerve);
• examination of the thickness of the cornea at various points by means of ultrasound.

Usually, such a diagnosis is sufficient to identify the causes and stages of the disease.On the basis of this, the doctor can make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe an adequate treatment as early as the day of the patient's referral to a specialized clinic.

Restoration of vision by medicines

Treatment

Qualified treatment for myopia, including, with visual acuity in -2, is carried out according to a general scheme working in three directions. It provides for:

• stopping the pathological growth of the eye (if there is such a symptom) by scleroplasty;
• prevention of complications;
• restoration of refraction by surgical correction, the use of special optics or orthokeratology - a technique based on the use of a separate type of lens - night.

Also, the treatment of myopia in the early stages involves the regular performance of gymnastics for the eyes. It is aimed at improving metabolic processes in the tissues of the eye, increasing visual acuity and relieving tension.It is often this set of exercises aimed at stopping the progress of the disease. In addition to it for therapeutic purposes, the patient is also often prescribed medication for local medications: drops for eyes, vitamins.They also accompany laser or surgical correction methods when it comes to the earliest restoration of eye tissues.

The most effective methods of treatment, including surgical correction, are usually prescribed to a person only by 25-30 years. It is during this period that myopia is stabilized. To the same it is recommended to use mainly therapeutic methods, which in the early stages can also give a good result.

In the vast majority of cases, correctly selected treatment for myopia helps to overcome the disease completely.However, if it was not properly carried out, the risk of complications is greater: the appearance of ailments that are much more severe than myopia.

At first you can experience discomfort from wearing glasses

Complications

In medical practice, several serious complications of myopia are known. Among them:

• Glaucoma.
• Retinal detachment.
• Cataract.
• Retinal dystrophy.

Typically, these complications are characteristic of severe myopia. However, do not ignore the possibility of their occurrence in those cases if your visual acuity is above -3. Remember: the disease can progress very quickly and literally in a few months bring you to these difficult consequences.

All of the above ailments to some extent carry the risk of irreversible loss of vision.That is why the patient, who was diagnosed with myopia at any stage, needs to do everything to avoid them. In addition to basic treatment, preventive methods will help him in this matter.

Prevention

Short-sightedness, like other vision problems, can not be ruled out with a probability of 100% in each case. However, it is possible to significantly reduce the risk of their occurrence, as well as slow the development of pathology, if you have already found it. Simple preventive measures can help in this matter. These include:

• gymnastics for the eyes;
• compliance with eye hygiene standards;
• correction of the diet with the addition of a maximum amount of products containing the necessary vitamins and minerals (fish, blueberries, carrots, beans, etc.);
• regular examination at the oculist at least once every six months;
• reception of preventive preparations against myopia: drops and vitamin complexes;
• moderate exercise: gymnastics, swimming, fitness.

These preventive measures in certain cases allow not only to prevent nearsightedness or stop its progress, but also to significantly improve eyesight.However, the patient can count on this effect only if he carries out the instructions regularly and scrupulously. Otherwise they will be ineffective.

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conclusions

As we see, the index of visual acuity -2 is quite common among patients of all ages and indicates a myopia of a weak degree, which gradually progresses. However, it is not necessary to panic if such a deviation is detected. Where it is wiser to immediately go to an ophthalmologist for qualified help, get the diagnosis and treatment that will allow you in a short time if you do not overcome the disease, then at least stop it for a long time time. Also, do not forget the correct diet, which includes products for restoring vision.