Dizziness at normal pressure: possible causes, what to do

From this article you will learn: why the head is spinning under normal pressure, the main causes of dizziness.

Contents of the article:

• Causes of dizziness
• Symptoms
• Diagnosis
• Treatment methods
• Forecast

Vertigo can have many possible causes, not all of which are associated with lowering blood pressure. These include problems with the inner ear( a person's balance organ), impaired delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the brain, mental disorders and side effects of certain medicines.

Vertigo is a symptom of existing diseases, therefore it is possible to say about the possibility of its cure only after determining the cause of its occurrence.

Treatment of diseases that lead to dizziness, can deal with neurologists, cardiologists, therapists.

Causes of dizziness

Problems with inner ear

The inner ear is the main organ of balance. If the brain is not functioning properly, the brain receives signals that do not correspond to what the eyes see, resulting in dizziness. To problems of the inner ear belong:

• Well positively paroxysmal vertigo( DPPG).This disease causes a brief, intense feeling of dizziness, episodes of which occur when the head position changes rapidly. RPAH develops due to the movement of calcium carbonate crystals( otoliths) from one part of the inner ear to the other. The presence of otoliths in an uncharacteristic place interferes with the normal movement of fluid in the inner ear, because of which incorrect signals are sent to the brain.
• Infections of the inner ear. Viral infection of the vestibular nerve( vestibular neuritis) can cause severe and persistent dizziness. If the patient has additional hearing problems, this indicates the presence of inflammation of the entire inner ear.
• Meniere's disease. With this disease, an excessive amount of fluid accumulates in the inner ear. It is characterized by the sudden occurrence of episodes of dizziness, which can last several hours. The patient may also suffer from unstable deterioration of hearing, ringing in the ear and a sense of its congestion.
• Autoimmune damage to the inner ear. With various autoimmune diseases, the body's immune system can damage its own cells, including cells of the inner ear. To such diseases belong Wegener's granulomatosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis. Usually, with autoimmune damage, hearing is more likely to suffer and only occasionally is the vestibular system.
• Migraine. People suffering from migraine can develop episodes of dizziness even in the absence of severe headaches. These episodes can last from a few minutes to several hours. Often they are associated with a headache, increased sensitivity to light and noise.

Problems with the delivery of nutrients and oxygen to the brain.

Dizziness can develop when the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the brain deteriorates. Most often this is caused by a sudden drop in blood pressure. Other causes of these problems are:

Other causes of dizziness

Dizziness with normal blood pressure can be associated with a wide range of problems, to which belong:

• Heart rate disturbances. Despite normal blood pressure, blood flow to the brain may worsen with arrhythmia, which leads to the development of dizziness. Atherosclerosis of vertebral arteries. In this disease, the lumen of the vertebral arteries narrows atherosclerotic plaque, which causes the blood supply to the brain to deteriorate.
• Severe osteochondrosis of the cervical spine. With this disease spurs are formed on the vertebrae, which can compress the vertebral arteries.
• Ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. Dizziness is one of the symptoms of these diseases. In addition, patients may have weakness in one arm and leg, speech and consciousness disorders.
• Craniocerebral injury.
• Hyperventilation is a condition that develops due to rapid breathing. When hyperventilation, too much carbon dioxide is removed from the blood, which causes the functioning of the brain cells to break down and temporary dizziness develops.
• Use of certain medicines, the side effects of which are dizziness. These include anticonvulsants, antidepressants, tranquilizers and sedatives.
• Stress, tension or fatigue. These conditions can cause a decrease in the efficiency of the brain stem, which leads to a loss of control over the sense of balance.
• Anxiety disorders - for example, panic attacks, agoraphobia( fear of open space).
• Tumors of the brain.
• Visual disturbances developing at a time when a person adapts to new glasses or lenses.

Symptoms of

Vertigo is a feeling of self or surrounding objects that a person often perceives as the rotation of a room around it. In addition to these sensations, he may have:

The duration of the symptoms can range from several minutes to several hours, they can be permanent( chronic) or episodic. The appearance of a condition can be caused by movement of the head or a change in the position of the body. In some patients, dizziness at normal pressure is accompanied by weakness, hearing impairment, tinnitus, visual impairment, difficulty speaking, decreased consciousness and other symptoms.

Dizziness can be so pronounced that it significantly reduces the quality of life and complicates the performance of simple everyday tasks. Some patients simply can not get out of bed.

Diagnosis

Vertigo is not an independent disease, it only serves as a symptom of the existing pathology. Therefore, the diagnostic efforts of doctors are aimed at finding out the reason for what makes the patient dizzy at normal pressure. To do this, they ask the patient about the presence of other symptoms, and also conduct a detailed examination. If a patient is suspected of having a stroke or a traumatic brain injury, he is immediately referred for computer or magnetic resonance imaging.

To determine other causes of the condition at normal pressure and prescribe appropriate treatment, physicians can prescribe additional laboratory and instrumental examinations, including:

Depending on the intended cause, doctors may recommend other tests.

Treatment methods

Since dizziness is a symptom, not a disease, treatment should be aimed at eliminating the root cause of its appearance. However, for people with chronic dizziness, the following tips may be helpful:

• Remember the possibility of losing balance, which can lead to falls and injuries.
• Avoid sudden movements.
• If necessary, walk with a cane.
• In your home, get rid of carpets, electrical cords and other items that you can catch on.
• Provide good lighting.
• Immediately after dizziness, sit or lie down.
• If you experience dizziness often, give up driving and work on equipment that requires attention.
• Avoid using coffee, alcohol, salt and tobacco products, as they can aggravate dizziness.
• Drink plenty of fluids, eat a healthy diet, sleep enough and avoid stressful situations.
• If dizziness is caused by taking medications, tell your doctor about it, which can cancel the drug or adjust its dose.

Treatment of

DPPH DPPG can go away by itself within a few days or months. However, to facilitate the patient's condition, the doctor can apply special movements during which the otoliths move. The procedure for repositioning the otoliths consists of several simple head movements. Its goal is to move the otoliths from one part of the inner ear to the other.

In case of ineffectiveness of otolith reposition, surgical treatment is performed, during which a part of the inner ear responsible for the development of vertigo is blocked.

Treatment for infections of the inner ear

In case of severe labyrinthitis symptoms, doctors prescribe:

In the case of chronic labyrinthitis and constant dizziness, vestibular rehabilitation is performed, including various exercises for:

Treatment of Meniere's disease

It is impossible to cure this disease completely. However, using different methods, it is possible to reduce the severity and frequency of episodes of the disease. To facilitate dizziness and nausea, doctors prescribe benzodiazepines and antiemetics. For permanent use with Meniere's disease, diuretics are most often used. In severe cases, the middle ear cavity is injected with:

• Gentamicin is an antibiotic that has toxic properties to the inner ear. It reduces the role of the affected ear in a sense of balance and coordination. The negative effect is manifested by possible deterioration of hearing.
• Corticosteroids( dexamethasone) are less effective than gentamicin, but are safer.

Treatment of autoimmune inner ear damage

A standard treatment for autoimmune diseases is the suppression of immunity. This is achieved with the help of corticosteroids, cytotoxic drugs( methotrexate, cyclophosphamide), new antitumor agents. The exact treatment depends on the type of autoimmune disease.

Treatment of migraine

To prevent migraine attacks apply beta-blockers, tricyclic antidepressants, some anticonvulsants. For elimination of an attack, agonists of serotonin receptors, ibuprofen, aspirin are most often prescribed.

Treatment of anemia

Treatment of anemia is aimed at eliminating its cause( blood loss, iron deficiency), and in severe cases - to replace hemoglobin( transfusion of donor red blood cells).

Treatment of hypoglycemia

People with diabetes mellitus usually feel that they have lowered blood glucose levels. In this case, they need to drink or eat something sweet - tea with sugar, fruit juice, candy. If hypoglycemia has led to a loss of consciousness, such a patient needs an intravenous glucose solution.

Treatment for other causes of dizziness

Treatment of other diseases in which a person's head is spinning, and the pressure is normal, also has a specific nature and is appointed by the doctor after establishing the correct diagnosis. All therapeutic efforts should be aimed at eliminating the underlying disease, and not its symptom - dizziness.

Dizziness forecast

The forecast for dizziness at normal pressure depends on the cause that caused this symptom. For example: