Why bruises appear on the body without a reason, what to do

From this article you will learn: why bruises appear on the body without a reason, what diseases can cause this problem. What to do about it.

Causes of bruising on the body( content of the article):

• Vascular wall pathology
• Platelet abnormalities
• Deficiency of the clotting factors of the blood

Different sizes of bruising that occur without obvious injuries and strokes can be a manifestation of serious blood diseases, metabolic disorders, oncological pathology.

A qualified specialist( hematologist, endocrinologist or family doctor) can precisely determine the cause of such bruises, as well as how to treat them.

A single bruise( bruise), even of considerable size, is not a cause for concern. It is possible that the injury was negligible and therefore not remembered. Serious concern should cause a systematic appearance of any bruises in size. Important in this situation is not so much the size and location, as the absence of a visible reason.

Treatment will be aimed at preventing the appearance of bruises on the body, rather than eliminating the already existing ones. The prognosis can be either favorable or not( for example, with amyloidosis) - depending on the disease.

Causes of bruises on the body without a cause in women and men - in general, the same.

With this problem, contact a hematologist.

Vascular wall pathology

Rundu-Osler disease

This is a hereditary disease characterized by systemic vascular wall disruption - the vessel has no muscular and outer shell, so it is easily damaged. As the disease progresses, the vessels expand, forming an expansion of the skin vessels in the form of a small spot.

The leading symptom of the disease is the spider veins and various sizes of bruises that can appear anywhere on the body. The largest number of them is seen on the face, mucous respiratory and digestive tract.

With any physical strain, the amount of bruising increases, and bleeding may occur. In 90% of patients there are repeated episodes of nasal bleeding.

Therapy is aimed at stopping bleeding, after that appoint local remedies that promote skin healing and resorption of bruises. The prognosis is favorable, since massive, life-threatening patient bleeding occurs rarely. A complete cure is impossible.

Congenital connective tissue diseases

This is a large group of diseases of a hereditary nature, which is based on a violation of the synthesis of collagen, the basic protein that forms the vascular wall. These include Marfan and Ehlers-Danlo syndrome, an elastic pseudocanthoma, and imperfect osteogenesis.

Symptoms may appear already in the newborn and progress as the child's age increases. In addition to bruises, defects in the formation of bones and joints are noted on the skin, for example, limbs too long in both the male and female part of the population with Marfan syndrome.

Cardinal cure of any of the above named congenital malformations is impossible. Treatment consists in the possible elimination or reduction of the intensity of the patient's symptoms. For example, to reduce the severity of bruising can use drugs that improve vascular blood flow.

The forecast can be either favorable or not favorable. All is determined by the severity of other malformations, since the increased bleeding in itself does not pose a threat to the life of the patient.

Acquired Connective Tissue Damage

Scinti

This term refers to a pronounced deficiency of vitamin C( ascorbic acid).This substance is not synthesized in the human body, so insufficient intake of it in the diet or complete absence leads to severe changes in metabolism. First of all, this concerns the violation of the synthesis of collagen, a protein that forms a vascular wall and connective tissue.

Symptoms of scurvy:

Treatment of scurvy is quite simple: prescribe synthetic vitamin C and nutrition enriched with ascorbic acid. With a timely begun treatment, the prognosis is favorable. In advanced cases and in the absence of necessary therapy, massive bleeding can lead to the death of the patient.

Purpura, which caused a long reception of steroids

Some patients are prescribed glucocorticosteroids, for example, in autoimmune processes. Among the possible side effects - increased fragility of the vessels and the appearance of bruises.

There is no serious threat to life, as massive bleeding is not usually observed.

The prognosis is favorable for successful treatment of the underlying disease and a decrease in the dose of corticosteroids.

Vasculitis

This is a group of diseases in which the wall of the vessels becomes inflamed and subsequently destroyed( necrosis).The most common is systemic vasculitis( also called Shenlen-Henoch disease).

The first signs of the disease occur in younger school or adolescence. Provoke their appearance may infectious diseases, autoimmune processes, the taking of a number of antibiotics.

The following symptoms of the Shenllein-Genocha vasculitis are known:

• bruises and other elements of the rash that occur suddenly;
• after them on the body appear foci of pigmentation;
• rashes are more plentiful on the legs than on the hands;
• worsens the general condition( weakness, moderately elevated temperature);
• edematous and painful joints( more often ankle and knee);
• can be diarrhea and catarrhal symptoms.

For treatment appoint dapsone, sulfasalazine, plasmapheresis, glucocorticosteroids.

Prognosis favorable, once the symptoms do not disappear completely, but there are possible repeated episodes of deterioration.

Platelet abnormalities

To this group of diseases include thrombocytopathy( impaired functionality of platelets - cells responsible for blood clotting - with their normal number) and thrombocytopenia( decrease in their number in normal function).Women and men suffer equally often. Because of these diseases, bruises also appear without a cause.

Thrombocytopenia	thrombocytopathy
reasons	Reducing education platelets increased their decay	Hereditary factors that alter the shape and reduce the functional platelet capabilities, meaning they can not quickly form a clot
Symptoms	bleeding from mucous bruises of various sizes	bleeding into joints( hemarthrosis) bruises on the body
Diagnosis	Decreased platelet count in the general clinical blood test Extended time to	Coagulogram General clinical blood test Plaque and other special assays
Therapy	Steroid hormones for a long time In 80% of patients, the disease progression is marked after removal of the spleen	Hemostatic( hemostatic) remedies
Forecast	Relatively favorable Massive bleeding can causeto the death of the patient	Complete recovery impossible

Coagulation factor deficiency

There are more than 10 knownactors clotting, platelets are simultaneously carried out hemostasis. The most famous hemophilia is a rare disease associated with blood clotting disorder.

No specific symptoms. There are bruises along the body, internal bleeding and hemorrhages in large joints. Diagnosis is complex, because complex equipment is required.

Complete recovery is impossible. Therapy includes blood transfusions, haemostatic agents.