Pain in the navel

Abdominal pain in any location in an adult or child should cause concern. The topographic center of this area is the navel. If the stomach hurts in the navel area, then this symptom is taken into account in diagnosis to identify the cause.

The innervation of organs located in the middle of the abdomen is provided by the nodes of the solar plexus, celiac and vagus nerves. Simultaneously, the branches go to the liver, gallbladder, stomach, pancreas lying to the upper right. Therefore, irradiation to the umbilical region often accompanies the signs of their pathology.

In the central zone are located loops of the small intestine, the analysis of the causes of pain should begin with diseases directly affecting this part of the gastrointestinal tract.

How to understand the nature of pain?

Description of the pain characteristics of the doctor receives from the patient. Not everyone knows the anatomy well, but to show the most painful place in the state is even the children. To find out why the belly hurts in the navel, you will have to answer questions about the intensity, irradiation, the time of the onset of pain, its connection with eating, drinking alcohol, heredity.

Acute pain in the center of the abdomen indicates a condition requiring immediate action. An attack of cramping may occur with biliary colic, infringement of the umbilical hernia, urolithiasis, perforation of the ulcer of the intestine. Most often spreads to the right hypochondrium, lower back, to the groin.

As a rule, such abdominal pain around the navel can be associated with eating food, alcohol. They appear after 2 hours or more after meals or at night after overeating heavy meat dishes, spicy condiments, reception of products of questionable quality, mushrooms.

Severe pain in the middle of the abdomen is a possible sign of impaired blood flow in the mesenteric vessels. It often occurs in the elderly as a complication after myocardial infarction. It is caused by ischemia or thromboembolic arteries, in childhood called "abdominal migraine".

Intensive character is typical for a malignant tumor, infringement of an umbilical hernia. Irradiates and gradually shifts to the epigastric region. Aching persistent pain occurs with swelling of the intestine( flatulence), partial obstruction, atony, tumor growth, chronic inflammation( enteritis).

On examination, the doctor softly palpates the entire abdominal area, closely follows the reaction of the patient

Pregnancy on a long term causes stagnant phenomena in the small pelvis, constipation, a tendency to frequent urination. Pressure on the intestines disappears after delivery. Reducing the volume of the abdomen in women leads to the restoration of normal organs.

The pulling character of the pain around the navel is complained to by women in the II-III trimester. They depend on the stretching of the muscles and ligaments of the abdominal wall. More pronounced in primordial and in the absence of physical training.

Abdominal pain near the navel is caused by increased intra-abdominal pressure. Such a mechanism occurs in patients with ascites( fluid effusion in cirrhosis of the liver), with a sudden increase in severity, in coughing smokers.

When soreness is localized in the navel, the doctor tries to feel the enlarged muscular ring and the prolapse of the hernial sac when the patient is straining. Observation of a small child with a cry allows you to visually identify the umbilical hernia.

Features of localization

Pain near the navel does not necessarily hold in the central zone, it can move, but be near. This relatively small area can be divided into parts for concreteness of diagnosis.

If the stomach hurts exactly in the middle, then you can think of an attack of appendicitis, umbilical hernia.

Location just below the navel indicates the probability of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, mesadenitis, small intestine diverticulum, chronic enteritis, helminthic invasion, endometriosis in women.

Abdominal pain in the navel and a little higher is possible with a stomach ulcer and duodenal ulcer, duodenitis, bulbite. The displacement of the maximum soreness to the left of the navel is characteristic for the pathology of the pancreas, the accumulation of gases in the atony of the large intestine.

To the right of the navel is located atypical position vermiform appendix, an attack of appendicitis in such cases is difficult to diagnose.

In helminthic invasion, the intestines' lactation causes an obstruction of the

. What accompanying symptoms accompany pain?

Pain in the abdomen near the navel can be caused by spasm or stretching of the hollow formations( stomach, gallbladder, intestine), signals from the capsule of the parenchymal organs. In differential diagnosis, pain is considered in conjunction with other manifestations. We will cite the most common pathology with typical symptoms.

Acute gastroenteritis

Inflammation of the stomach and intestines reacts to food poisoning, infection with pathogens of dysentery, cholera, salmonella, pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli. Enteritis as an isolated lesion of the small intestine is rare.

For example, in helminthic invasion, after surgical interventions on the organs of the abdominal cavity. Therefore, the course of enteritis begins with epigastric pain, repeated vomiting, dizziness, weakness, then a persistent diarrhea( possibly with blood), pain around the navel joins.

When the symptoms appeared at once for several people who ate the same dishes, then it is most likely to assume a foodborne toxic infection. At home, you need to give drink enterosorbents( activated charcoal, Enterosgel, Smektu), shows a plentiful drink of slightly acidified water.

Attack of acute appendicitis

The appendix is ​​located in the initial part of the large intestine. Most people know that one should fear pain in the right ileal region. However, the anatomy of the appendix allows him to deviate considerably, "go" in the hypochondrium to the right, into the small pelvis and to the center. Therefore, if the abdomen hurts in the navel area, doctors try to confirm or exclude appendicitis.

The most common symptoms:

• is a sudden onset with epigastric pain;
• vomiting;
• nausea;
• temperature rise;
• weakness;
• after a few hours, the movement of the localization of pain to the navel or iliac region to the right, intensification;
• bloating;
• constipation;
• gain in position on the left side;
• positive symptoms of inflammation of the peritoneum.

Let's remind that it is impossible to do in such cases. It is strictly forbidden: wash the stomach and induce vomiting by domestic methods, apply a heating pad, take general analgesic analgesics.

These actions lubricate the symptoms and make diagnosis difficult. Warming increases inflammation and brings the gangrenous form of the disease closer. The main measure is to quickly call an ambulance.

If the diagnosis of appendicitis is confirmed, treatment is only prompt.

Umbilical hernia

More common in infants. The expansion of the muscular ring is associated with weakness and underdevelopment. In adults, education is possible due to the weakening of the muscular wall of the peritoneum, high pressure in the abdominal cavity and abdominal enlargement( pregnancy, ascites in cardiac decompensation, liver cirrhosis, prolonged hard work, surgery).

The protrusion under the skin is noticeable, palpation is determined by a soft hernial sac, which is set in the prone position when relaxed.

Strong pains occur when the contraction is impaired, when the contracted muscles do not allow the contents of the bag to recover. Possible vomiting, flatulence, constipation. When the part of the intestine is infringed, the clinical picture of acute intestinal obstruction develops.

In most children, symptoms disappear by three years and earlier. Pediatricians recommend wearing a special bandage, plaster. With the development of infringement urgent urgent help is needed.

Cut the muscle ring, examine the state of the intestine and mesentery, which were in the hernial sac( when signs of necrosis appear, it is necessary to remove the damaged area), correct the hernia and suture the hole with abdominal wall plastic.

Symptom of

dysbacteriosis After a long treatment with antibacterial drugs for various reasons, a person's balance of intestinal bacteria is disturbed. This is manifested by pain in the intestines, diarrhea. Adults transfer symptoms satisfactorily and gradually can independently restore the composition of the flora. Children are much worse.

The correct solution is taking a course of probiotics and prebiotics. These are special products containing the necessary bifido- and lactobacilli, as well as preparations to activate and support their growth.

When buying sour-milk products, declared as "Biokefir", we recommend to pay attention to the production period. Bifidobacteria persist only in the first 2-3 days, in the future the product has no therapeutic properties, preserves only taste qualities.

Crohn's disease

The appearance of periodic bouts of pain along the bowel in a teenager should cause suspicion of the manifestation of Crohn's disease. The age of 12-18 years is the peak incidence.

The entire digestive tract

can become the zone of defeat in Crohn's disease. At the same time, the patient may be disturbed by diarrhea with blood caused by ulcers and cracks in the intestinal wall, bloating, joint pain. Boys suffer more often. The child needs to be examined. Treatment is appointed by a gastroenterologist.

Diverticulitis

Diverticula are saccular formations from a thin intestinal wall. Their length varies from 5 mm to 15 cm. In the case of a thin section, pain is produced in the navel. The diverticulum gets an infection and causes inflammation.

The patient's temperature rises, signs of intoxication appear( nausea, headache).Independently education does not disappear. Inflammation is treated with antimicrobial agents, if necessary using an operative method.

Abdominal migraine

The name "abdominal" was migraine by analogy with headaches. Already gone in the past is the opinion of a local spasm of blood vessels. It is established that it is equivalent to both a spastic and a vasodilator effect in certain areas. The intestines are fed by arteries passing through the mesentery. Violation of blood flow occurs due to spasm or delay of blood flow in the arteries that have lost tonus.

The disease is manifested by bouts of pain around the navel, lasting for 30-40 minutes. It is found in people of any age. It can begin in adolescents, which is associated with hormonal perestroika. The hereditary predisposition influences.

Simultaneously, a person feels nauseous, diarrhea, vomiting. People are more likely to be emotional, nervous type, violently experiencing stressful situations, overloaded with work. Treatment requires the intervention of a neurologist, a psychologist.

Intestinal obstruction

Violation of the peristalsis of the small intestine is caused by a malfunction of the digestive process, a lack of enzymes, a dysbiosis, a breakdown in nervous regulation, inflammation, swelling of the intestine itself, or squeezing of neighboring organs, lymph nodes.

As a result, the food mass on the overlying area is delayed and does not go any further. The pain grows gradually, it becomes very strong, bursting. There is vomiting of the contents of the intestine, the retention of gases and stools is delayed.

Intestinal allergic reaction

Hypersensitivity to food in some people reaches an extent of intolerance. When entering the small intestine develops a violent allergic reaction. The most frequent food allergens are:

• cane sugar;
• fungi;
• dairy products.

Local negative effect is manifested by pain in the center of the abdomen along the course of the small intestine, diarrhea. Common symptoms depend on the strength of the body's response capabilities. Observed:

• nausea;
• vomiting;
• dizziness and headache;
• skin itching;
• rashes by type of urticaria.

With severe reaction, anaphylactic shock.

Bowel involvement in pancreatitis

Periodic pain in the navel zone accompanies the course of chronic pancreatitis. Affects insufficient intake of pancreatic enzymes into the intestines. Patients are prone to diarrhea.

For the correction of digestion the doctor appoints combined enzyme preparations to improve the cleavage of proteins, fats and carbohydrates. They should be taken regularly before or during meals. In the prevention of pain, it is essential that the patient adheres to a strict diet, the refusal of alcoholic beverages.

Small intestine cancer

Tumors with localization in the small intestine are a rare finding. Here new types of benign type prevail. Growth causes signs of intestinal obstruction: pain, stool and gas retention, severe patient condition.

Transformation into cancer is accompanied by the development of lymphoma, carcinomas

Methods for diagnosing the cause of pain

This symptom, like pain in the middle of the abdomen, occurs in various diseases. The patient needs to identify a specific reason to know the optimal treatment and prevention measures. A general blood test reveals inflammation or allergies( leukocytosis, eosinophilia, growth of ESR), signs of anemia or bleeding( decreased erythrocytes, hemoglobin).

Study of feces for coprophy helps to establish the nature of the failure of digestion( mucus, undigested particles, fat abundance, blood and leukocytes).Method of the tank.planting establish the cause of infectious enteritis, identify dysbiosis.

Stool analysis for Gregersen's reaction( latent blood) is necessary for early diagnosis of ulcerative bleeding. If necessary, conduct a study on helminths( scraping, smear).X-ray method using barium suspensions revealed dyskinesia of the intestine( spasm, atony), signs of obstruction, ulcerous changes in Crohn's disease, deformation.

Video Capsule is a device that allows you to inspect all parts of the digestive tract within 8 hours. The record shows the state of the inner shell of the intestine, tumors, ulcers, cicatricial changes. Magnetoresonance and computed tomography are the most accurate external methods. They are not associated with radiation load, painless for patients.

Each disease requires its own treatment. The possibilities of drug therapy do not always help. Many varieties of intestinal pathology have to be treated only through surgery. The patients and the surrounding people themselves should understand well that slowing the treatment to the doctor leads to a worsening of the prognosis of the cure.