From this article you will learn: what is hypotension, its types and symptoms. A detailed review of the methods of treatment with and without medications.
Contents of the article:
- Types and causes of hypotension
- Symptoms of
- Treatment methods
- Prognosis for
Disease Hypotonia is a decrease in blood pressure( abbreviated BP) below 105/65 mm Hg. Art.(millimeters of mercury) in men and 95/60 mm Hg. Art.in women they show a pathology. Normal human pressure is about 120/80.
With a tonometer, you can detect hypotension . Not only actual figures can indicate disease, but also their relative change: for example, for people who usually have a pressure of 140/80 mm Hg. Art., AD 100/70 - catastrophically low.
Hypotonia affects about a third of the world's population. Among children, the problem is common in no more than 3% of cases for the entire child age( from birth to 15 years).
If you are faced with this problem, then do not despair, as modern medicine offers a sufficient arsenal of non-pharmacological and medicines.
Doctors who deal with this problem - cardiologists, therapists, neurologists.
Types and causes of hypotension
Table 1
| Types of hypotension | Reasons for |
|---|---|
| 1. Physiological - that is, or a variant of the | standard Lifestyle features |
| Features of the body | |
| Pregnancy | |
| 2. Pathological | Brain tumors |
| Decreased adrenal function, thyroid, diabetes mellitus | |
| Anemias of various nature | |
| Heart defects, severe heart failure, arrhythmias | |
| Incorrect use of medicines to reduce high pressure |
1. Option nOrms or physiological hypotension
This form of low blood pressure does not require treatment. The main difference from pathological hypotension is the absence of causes that caused low blood pressure. However, it is still necessary to monitor BP with physiological hypotension, since under certain conditions it can progress( i.e., digits decrease further) or go into hypertension.
Whoever has a reduced pressure in this form:
- Athletes who are professionally trained and trained a lot. Such an organism needs more blood, since training requires an increased supply of organs and tissues. Myocardium of the heart of athletes thickens, its volumes increase.
It is necessary to periodically observe the status of work: to do electrocardiography and( or) ultrasound of the heart. Over time, the possibilities of a trained heart can be exhausted, and heart failure gradually increases - and hypotension can become a serious problem. - Inhabitants of the highlands, tropical regions of the Earth. In conditions of high atmospheric pressure pathology is adaptive: that is, the heart adapts to new working conditions.
- Individual feature. There is this feature in thin women, and during the development of menopause, it can go into hypertension. It is necessary to control the pressure numbers.
- Pregnant women. Usually a low pressure does not cause discomfort to the ladies "in position".If the low figures of AD are caused by the concomitant pathology in the pregnant woman, then this is a pathological condition.
Pregnancy is one of the reasons for the development of physiological hypotension 2. Pathological hypotension
In this situation, low blood pressure is a secondary problem that arose against the background of the underlying disease( as a symptom or complication).Above, in Table 1, we considered examples of diseases that can be accompanied by low BP figures. Usually hypotension is a secondary pathology.
Symptoms of hypotension
The underlying disease and all the symptoms that are associated with it are of prime importance. However, the diseases listed in Table 1 can be accompanied by high BP figures, so it is important to know what specific complaints can be at low BP figures.
In case of hypotension, the symptoms are as follows:
- Stable, low blood pressure figures.
- Headaches. They can be so intense that they will force the patient to stay in bed. Dizziness and fainting. Fainting provokes stuffy rooms.
- Vegetative crises. This state is against a background of nervous overstrain, which arises spontaneously and also suddenly disappears. It is accompanied by a decrease in heart rate, shortness of breath, excessive sweating.
- Rapid fatigue, the inability to concentrate for a long time on the performance of any task( at work, school).
- Hypotension accompanies meteodependent people for life. High sensitivity to weather changes: morning and evening temperature changes, rains and thunderstorms. Such people can feel sudden cooling or warming a few days before the event.
- Hyperhidrosis - increased sweating. This feature is typical for young people.
Symptoms of hypotension If the above symptoms of hypotension are so severe that they cause discomfort and limitations in normal life, then most likely it is a pathological condition.
Treatment of hypotension
In this section we will consider various methods of treatment: with and without medications. The overall prognosis for treatment is favorable.
Remember that usually hypotension is not an independent disease, but is a consequence of other pathologies. And the main principle of treatment of secondary hypotension - correction of the underlying disease:
- With endocrine diseases, the doctor will prescribe hormonal drugs.
- When anemia is advised to take iron and( or) vitamins.
- With heart defects, it may be advisable to operate the patient. Low blood pressure occurs with aortic insufficiency and with stenosis of the mitral valve( narrowing of the opening that connects the left atrium and ventricle).
Directly hypotension is treated according to this general pattern:
- Initially, you should adhere to general recommendations, then connect the sport.
- If the effect is insufficient, doctors recommend using aroma oils, herbal remedies.
- If the ineffectiveness of these treatment measures, the doctor can prescribe medications.
Non-pharmacological methods
According to the recommendations of the World Health Organization, 75% of patients with this pathology should be treated with any non-pharmacological agents. The following recommendations are given by doctors in their publications( source - Russian Medical Journal).
Recommendations for Lifestyle
Follow the recommendations for lifestyle - this is a sure, albeit slow way towards a long life and health. We very often look for a miracle drug that should help right away, but it's wrong, the body needs to be gradually accustomed to the right way of life - that's the right way to treating and effectively preventing many diseases.
What you need to do to a person suffering from hypotension:
- Walking in the fresh air.
- Correction of the day regimen, including a sufficient amount of rest( night sleep should be 8-9 hours).Doctors recommend a day sleep 1-2 hours.
- Power correction. Exclusion of harmful food: greasy, spicy and salty. Food should be regular( 4-5 times a day) and varied( vegetables, fruits, animal proteins, etc.).
- Hardening procedures. Contrast shower, wiping with cool water( gradual decrease of water from 27 to 15 degrees).
- Drink complexes of vitamins in spring and autumn. This is necessary for proper nervous regulation of vascular tone.
Recommendations for lifestyle in hypotension Sport activities
In the morning and in the evening doctors recommend a restorative complex of exercises. Carrying out from day to day a few exercises for 10-15 minutes, you gradually train blood vessels, improve blood flow to the brain, go dizziness, fainting and hypotension.
Complex of hypotension needs to start in bed. Further, gradual ascent from the bed is important in order to prevent orthostatic hypotension( drop in blood pressure during the change in body position).
Aromatherapy
Essential oils are highly concentrated active substances of plants that are treated.
In small concentrations, essential oils relieve stressful situations, reduce anxiety and irritation, eliminate emotional excitability, increase efficiency.
If lowered pressure is accompanied by pain in the heart, the aroma oils can be very effective: they are able to dilate the blood vessels in the heart and brain, which leads to improved blood supply.
Aromatherapy How are oils used? Ethers are filled with aroma-lamps, aroma-incubators, they are added to creams, to shampoos. In addition to a pleasant smell in the apartment, the body will gradually receive treatment.
| Essential oil | How to use | |
|---|---|---|
| How to use | ||
| Rosemary | Stimulates the mental, physical activity of | 5 drops per 20 ml of massage cream |
| Mint | Eliminates dizziness | 8 drops are bred in milk and then added to a bath( procedure for 20 minutes). |
| Carnation | Restores strength after a heavy emotional event | |
| Muscatnaya sage | Increases blood pressure | 4 drops diluted in honey and dissolved in water. Take a bath no more than 30 minutes. |
| Basil | Contributes to concentration of attention. | 5 drops per 10 ml of cream or oil for massage. |
Essential oils of these plants help in the treatment of hypotension The intake of essential oils( even in aromatic oils) must be agreed with the doctor, as adverse effects are possible:
- allergic reactions;
- oils have contraindications: for example, "convulsive readiness" of the central nervous system - is typical for patients with epilepsy.
Folk remedies
According to applied and fundamental research published in the International Journal, doctors believe that hypotension is successfully treated with the help of plants.
Self-cooking infusions and tinctures:
| Ingredients | How much insist | Admission daily.for a month, 30 minutes before meals. Requires courses twice a year |
|---|---|---|
| Ginseng 1 tbsp.l.and 0.5 liters.70% alcohol or vodka. | 10-12 days | 2 tsp, drink course 3 weeks |
| St. John's wort 1 tbsp.l.and 1 glass of boiling water | 60 minutes | Quarter of glass in the afternoon |
| Tansy 1 tbsp.l.and 2 cups of cold water | 4 hours | Half glass 2-3 times a day |
| 1 dessert.l.bark and 1 cup of boiling water | 20-30 minutes | 2 tbsp.l.3-4 times a day |
| Lemon( whole) 1 tbsp.l.and 200 ml of vodka | 2 weeks | 20-25 drops 2 times a day |
Ingredients for the preparation of infusions from hypotension The intake of medicinal plants must be agreed with the doctor, as allergic reactions are possible, the plants have contraindications( for example, ginseng provokes bleeding), it is not always possible to use stimulant drugs for brain tumors.
Ready-made pharmacy tinctures and juices, which doctors recommend: eleutherococcus, juice of hawthorn fruit.
Duration is determined in each specific case: if it is possible to achieve normal BP figures and eliminate symptoms, then you need to take a break( a month or two, then repeat the course).
Drug treatment
If treatment of the underlying disease is not enough, or hypotension is primary, then the doctors prescribe drug groups that are presented in Table 4 of the .
Drug group
Drugs are picked up by the doctor. Individual approach is important taking into account the underlying disease and age of the patient. Forecast forIf low blood pressure is caused by brain tumors or a severe stage of heart failure, a rare rhythm, serious injuries( car accidents), bleeding - that prediction is determined by the success of treatment of the underlying pathology. In general, the prognosis is favorable, in all patients in the absence of serious concomitant diseases, it is necessary to eliminate manifestations of the disease that cause discomfort in life. All these patients lead a normal and active lifestyle. If the symptoms of hypotension are diagnosed in children or adolescents, then the probability of normalizing the pressure figures after 25 years( more than 70% of cases) is high. |
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