Tendonitis of the knee joint: treatment

How to cure tendonitis of the knee joint?

Tendonitis of the knee is an inflammation that occurs in the tendon or joint, causing external redness or swelling. With this disease, pain or weakness can occur in the area of ​​the lesion.

The development of the disease can be observed at any age. But mostly people aged 40 and over suffer, as well as those who exercise or stay for a long time in one position.

With chronic overloads of the first reactions, swelling of the tendon is accompanied by microscopic collagen decay and changes in the mucous membrane near the inflammatory region.

Basically, joints of bones and ligaments get into the area of ​​inflammation, but sometimes the process spreads throughout the tendon. Regular herbs can cause chronic tendonitis.

What are the causes of the disease?

There are many causes of tendonitis of the knee, the main of which are:

• Infection with bacteria and fungi;
• Long-term loads on knee joints;
• Numerous micro-injuries and injuries;
• Diseases of joints such as rheumatoid arthritis, deforming arthrosis or gout;
• Wrong posture and body structure (presence of flat feet, etc.);
• Allergy when taking certain medications;
• Wearing uncomfortable shoes;
• High mobility and instability of the knee;
• Changes in tendons that occur with age;
• Reduced immunity;
• Influence of parasites;
• Violation of muscle balance.

Based on the cause of the disease, distinguish between infectious and non-infectious tendonitis.

The establishment of a specific cause of the disease is the main factor in proper treatment, which can lead to rapid recovery.

Symptoms

The main symptom of the disease are limited movements and pains that occur in and around the inflammation zone associated with intensity and mobility.

Pain can appear suddenly, but often they increase according to the inflammatory process. There is also a high sensitivity for palpation of the inflamed tendon.

The symptoms of tendonitis of the knee includethe appearance of a creaking sound, which occurs when the limb moves. Also above the tendonmay cause redness or hyperthermia.

Complications of the knee tendinitis can occur with the accumulation of calcium, as this causes a weakening of the tendon and joint bag.

Patients experience difficulty in ascending or descending from stairs, running and walking.

Tendonitis develops consistently, therefore, the following stages of its manifestation are distinguished:

1. The appearance of pain after significant loads;
2. Appearance of paroxysmal pains at low and standard loads after occupations and work;
3. Manifestation of intense pain even during rest;
4. The patellar ligament can be torn due to progression and neglected form of the disease.

Carrying out of diagnostic researches

At the initial stage of the diagnosis of tendonitis, the affected area is examined by the method of palpation. It is very important to correctly identify tendonitis from other pathologies.

To clarify the diagnosis, the following examination can be prescribed:

The doctor observes changes that may occur against the background of infection or rheumatoid arthritis;

Carrying out computer and magnetic resonance tomography helps to identify gaps and changes in the tendons that require surgery;

By the result of X-ray study, the last stage of the disease is determined, the cause of which is excess salts, as well as arthritis or bursitis;

Ultrasound examinations

With their help, you can determine the change or narrowing of the structure of the knee tendon.

The appropriate examination determines the symptoms and stage of the existing knee disease, reveals a damaged area and inflammation.

Laboratory studies involve an analysis of the patient's biological materials. This includes a blood test.

In this case, leukocytosis, an increase in the volume of uric acid, and the presence of a C-reactive protein can be detected. In addition, the joint fluid (to detect gout) can be done.

Treatment and rehabilitation of the knee joint

Currently, there are the following methods of therapy in determining the tendonitis of the knee:

• Drug treatment;
• Physiotherapy;
• Physical culture of a medical nature;
• Methods of traditional medicine;
• Operative intervention.

For the treatment of tendonitis of 1-3 stages, conservative methods are used.

First of all, the load on the affected joint is limited or immobilized.

To reduce the burden on the damaged patella, crutches or a walking stick are used, and immobilization measures include the imposition of gypsum or langets.

A complex of medicines and physiotherapy is also used.

In case of unsuccessful development of the disease, surgical therapy is prescribed.

To reduce the burden on the patella, orthosis or typing is used (fastening to the injured knee of special teips or tapes).

Orthoses have an effective way to treat knee tendonitis, can be recommended in preventive measures during training or fitness.

Medication Therapy

Doctors recommend means with anti-inflammatory and analgesic action of non-steroidal nature (Ketoprofen, Ibuprofen, Indomethacin, Naproxen, Pyroxicam, etc.).

Means eliminate the process of inflammation and pain, but do not lead to a complete recovery. Doctors prescribe medicines in the form of external agents (cream, ointment, gels) and internal injections.

Long-term use of non-steroidal agents may adversely affect the gastric mucosa, which is why they are prescribed only for 2 weeks.

Corticosteroids relieve pain, but with their abuse, the tendons may weaken.

When the inflammation of infectious tendinitis is expressed, antibiotics and antibacterial agents are recommended.

Physiotherapy

The following physiotherapeutic methods have a positive effect in the treatment of tendonitis:

1. Electrophoresis;
2. Magnetotherapy;
3. Ionophoresis;
4. UHF-therapy;

A medical-physical complex of exercises can be prescribed for stretching and strengthening of the knee muscles, after which the restoration of tendons occurs.

Physiotherapy

Particular importance in therapy and preventive measures in tendinitis, stage 1, 2 has therapeutic exercise, designed to stimulate and stretch the 4-th muscle (quadriceps).

The duration of treatment can be several months, after which you can begin training and doing physical exercises.

Therapeutic exercise consists of the following manipulations:

• Extraction of 4 heads of muscle;
• Extraction of hamstrings;
• Raising the legs sideways in a recumbent lateral position;
• Extension of the knee with resistance;
• Raising a straight leg while lying on the back up;
• Raising the legs in the side, being in the lateral position;
• Compression of the knees of the ball, while the back should be pressed against the wall;
• Walking or flailing with a foot in resistance;
• Isometric muscle resistance, flexion of the knees in the sitting position.

After eliminating the pain, doctors recommend that professional athletes do sit-ups on the platform.

Operation

With partial tearing or a complete rupture of the knee tendon at the 4th stage of tendonitis, an operation is prescribed. In this case, the affected tissues in the patellar zone are removed with the help of an open (with a conventional notch) or arthroscopic (endoscopic surgery) operation.

The existing cysts and other degenerative changes on the ligaments are removed by the open pathway.

In some cases, along with excision of altered tissues, scraping of the lower patellar zone is performed, which promotes the activation of inflammation.

In the later stages, the ligament is reconstructed with the restoration of the functions of the 4 th chapter of the thigh muscle.

According to many experts, it becomes mandatory to reduce the lower pole of the patella.

In surgical intervention, the Goff's fat body can be completely or partially removed, which is transferred to the ligament attachment area.

The postoperative period lasts 2-3 months.

Folk treatment

Such therapy of the disease eliminates pain and inflammation under external and internal influences.

The simplest method is rubbing with ice slices, using Turmeric seasoning, using tinctures from walnut partitions, heating with wheat groats, etc.

In the first hours after the damage, cold is used in the form of ice or lotions. At the same time, capillaries narrow, blood supply and swelling decrease.

Immobilization of the knee

In successful treatment, an important criterion is the immobilization of the limb, which limits the mobility of the joint. This allows you not to stretch the aching tendon.

With active inflammation, a plaster cast may be applied for 2-4 weeks.

Preventive actions

First of all, it must be remembered that before physical exertion it is necessary to do warm-up. Also, you should gradually increase the rate of load and do not work until overvoltage.

With minor pain, you should change your occupation or rest.

To prevent disease, you can not do a monotonous job with one joint for a long time.

Tendinitis refers to pathologies that reduce the quality of human life due to limited movement.

Therefore, together with treatment, prophylaxis should be carried out to reduce the possibility of re-manifestation of the disease. For this, the muscles located near the affected tendon are strengthened.

A source: http://vse-sustavy.ru/lechenie/kolennyj/tendinit.html

Tendonitis of the knee joint

Tendonitis of the knee joint- inflammation and degeneration of tendons located in the region of the knee. The main cause of tendonitis is constant overstrain and microtraction of tendons. This pathology is often detected in athletes.

It is manifested by pains (at first only during the active load, then at rest), sometimes there is hyperemia, local edema and restriction of movements. Diagnosis is made on the basis of complaints, medical history, clinical symptoms, MRI and ultrasound.

To exclude other diseases, x-rays are prescribed. Treatment is usually conservative.

Tendonitis of the knee joint is an inflammatory-degenerative process in the area of ​​the tendon of the knee joint.

The disease, as a rule, affects its own patellar ligament ("knee jumper"), the focus of inflammation is usually localized in the area of ​​attachment of the tendon to the bone, although it can also occur on any other site tendons. It is revealed in sportsmen, it is often considered as a professional disease of volleyball players, basketball players, tennis players, football players and athletes. According to researchers in the field of sports medicine and traumatology, the disease often develops in men with high weight.

The provocative factor is the constant jumping on a hard surface.

Among the predisposing factors is the ill-considered training regimen, wearing uncomfortable shoes, joint trauma, long-term administration antibiotics, foot pathology (flat feet, valgus stop), posture disorders and pathological changes of the spine (usually purchased). In a number of cases, with rheumatic and infectious diseases, endocrine diseases and metabolic disorders, secondary tendonitis develops. Orthopedics and traumatologists provide treatment for tendonitis of the knee joint.

Symptoms of tendonitis of the knee joint

There are four clinical stages of tendinitis. In the first stage, pain in the tendon area occurs only at the peak of intense physical activity.

At rest and under normal loads (including during normal training), there is no pain syndrome.

In the second stage, dull, sometimes paroxysmal pains and discomfort appear at standard loads and persist for some time after training.

Along with the pain syndrome that occurs with loads, and then at rest, a characteristic sign of tendonitis is pain during palpation and pressure on the tendon.

At the "knee of the jumper pains are possible when the tuberosity of the tibia is felt and pressure is applied to the patella. In some cases, there is a small local edema and hyperemia of the affected area.

There may be a slight restriction of movement.

The diagnosis is made on the basis of anamnesis, characteristic clinical manifestations and data of instrumental studies. Changes in blood and urine tests are detected only with secondary symptomatic tendinitis.

If there is an infection in the blood, signs of inflammation are found, with rheumatic diseases antitsirulinovye antibodies and rheumatoid factor, with metabolic disorders increases the level of creatinine and urinary acid.

CT of the knee joint, MRI and ultrasound of the knee joint are informative only if there are pronounced pathological changes. The structure is broken, foci of degeneration and tendon tendon tears.

Radiography of the knee joint is usually unchanged, sometimes in the pictures a noticeably thin thickening of the soft tissues.

Tendonitis is differentiated with traumatic, rheumatic and degenerative lesions of the knee joint, in the process of differential diagnosis, the radiological data research.

Treatment of tendinitis is usually conservative. Completely stop training, conduct complex therapy.

Patients are recommended rest, if necessary, immobilize with plaster or plastic lint. Prescribe analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs (naproxen, ibuprofen).

After elimination of acute inflammation, patients are referred to exercise therapy, massage, electrophoresis with novocaine, iontophoresis, UHF and magnetotherapy.

Increase the load on the joint should be smoothly, gradually. During the remission period, patients are advised to unload the affected ligament, using special tapes (teips) or fixing the knee joint with an orthosis.

In some cases, a good result is provided by targeting the technique and the height of the jumps (it has been established that tendonitis is more frequent develops in athletes using a hard landing strategy, making higher jumps and landing with a deeper squatting).

Indications for surgery include tearing and tearing of the tendon, as well as the lack of a positive effect of conservative therapy for a period of -3 months.

The operation is performed in a planned manner in the conditions of an orthopedic or trauma department. Skin over the affected area is dissected, the ligament canal is opened, the pathologically altered tissues are removed.

Sometimes to stimulate the recovery process resort to the scraping of the lower part of the patella. In large tears and tears, a surgical reconstruction of the patellar ligament is performed.

In the postoperative period, prescribe antibiotics, analgesics, exercise therapy, physiotherapy and massage. The training is allowed to proceed only after the completion of rehabilitation activities.

A source: http://www.krasotaimedicina.ru/diseases/traumatology/knee-tendinitis

Attributes of tendonitis of the knee joint and ways to treat it

Tendonitis of the knee joint is an inflammation of the tendon, characterized by the appearance of severe pain and impaired mobility of the joints.

Most often, the disease develops as a result of traumatic damage to the ligaments, which causes the onset of inflammatory process, as well as under the influence of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, penetrated with blood flow from chronic foci infection.

Symptoms of ailment

Clinical manifestations of the disease depend on which part of the tendon is damaged.

Most often there is a defeat of the patellar ligament, resulting in the development of the "knee jumper."

The name is due to the fact that the disease is mainly registered with athletes: volleyball players, tennis players, football players, athletes, etc.

Unpleasant sensations are localized not only in the place of inflammation, but also in nearby tissues. Progression of the disease leads to the fact that the pains appear after fatigue, prolonged stay on legs, and also strengthen "on the weather."

Over time, patients begin to worry constantly, even at rest.

In the region of the knee, all the signs of the inflammatory process are present: pain, hyperemia, edema of the tissues, local increase in body temperature and disruption of joint function. When walking, there may be a kind of "creaking".

If the patellae retainer is damaged, the pain increases sharply, especially as a result of climbing the stairs or getting up from the stool.

Progression of the disease leads to the fact that a person is forced to give up the sport, because he can not even move normally.

And any training contributes to a sharp deterioration in the patient's condition.

When palpation, pronounced soreness of the medial tendon or lateral ligaments is noted, depending on where the inflammatory process is localized.

Chronic tendinitis has a sluggish character, provoking a gradual, but progressive deterioration of the patient's well-being.

Drug therapy of disease

First of all, the joint needs to provide complete peace, so as not to injure the tendon once again. The best option - the imposition of gypsum longes. You can use and improvised means to immobilize the limb.

Medicamentous treatment consists in the use of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs to relieve clinical symptoms and reduce inflammation. In the therapeutic scheme, the following groups of medicinal products are necessarily present:

1. Nonsteroid drugs (NSAIDs).Reduce the production of mediators of inflammation, contribute to reducing pain and swelling. Restore the amount of motion in the affected joint. In the treatment of tendonitis appoint Diclofenac, Movalis, Ibuprofen and other means for local and systemic exposure. On the area of ​​the diseased knee should always use an ointment or cream. Strengthen the effect of drugs will help the simultaneous use of tablets or injectable solutions. NSAIDs should be used very carefully, as they can lead to complications from the mucous membrane of the stomach and 12-colon, provoking the development of peptic ulcer. In no case should you exceed the recommended course or the prescribed dosage.
2. Hormonal preparations.Are indicated for use in the absence of a positive result from NSAIDs. Perhaps the introduction of glucocorticosteroids directly into the focus of inflammation, which will enhance the therapeutic properties. Hormones should be used only under medical supervision, as they can weaken tendons, which significantly increases the risk of their rupture.
3. Antibacterial drugsbroad spectrum of action. Are necessary for the infectious nature of the disease.
4. Platelet-rich plasma. It has the ability to stimulate regeneration processes in the tendon tissues. The drug is introduced into the pathological focus.

After removal of acute inflammation it is necessary to undergo a course of physiotherapy. To accelerate the restoration of damaged tissues and recovery of the patient will allow electrophoresis, iontophoresis, magnetotherapy, UHF and massage.

The patient must necessarily undergo a course of therapeutic physical training. The specialist will select the necessary exercises that will allow to restore and strengthen the damaged ligaments. In the future, a person should study at home on his own.

Operative intervention

In the late stages of the disease, in the case of an anguish or complete rupture of tendons, the tendonitis of the goose paw can be treated only surgically. In this case, remove the altered tissue, remove cysts and other formations.

Depending on the degree of severity of the pathological process, the operation is done in two ways:

1. Arthroscopic method. It is indicated when a bone build-up occurs in the knee, as the defect can be eliminated with the help of special endoscopic equipment. Access to the pathological focus is through several micro-cuts.
2. Open method. Allows you to remove cysts and other growths in ligaments, excising degenerate tissues. If necessary, the doctor scraps the lower part of the knee to stimulate regeneration processes. To restore the broken functions of the quadriceps femoris make a reconstruction of the knee joint. Open surgery is necessary for the development of stenosing tendonitis, accompanied by narrowing of blood vessels.

The role of alternative medicine

To speed up the recovery process will help the application of folk methods of therapy. However, any method must first be agreed with the attending physician in order to prevent the occurrence of complications.

To remove the pain and inflammation will help the application of cold on the area of ​​the affected ligaments.

To do this, on the knee you need to put pieces of ice, pre-wrapped in several layers of tissue, so as not to provoke frostbite of the skin.

If it is not available, you can use frozen vegetables. Cold is indicated for use within the first 2-3 days after the exacerbation of the disease.

To remove the pain and reduce the activity of inflammation will allow curcumin, which must be used as a seasoning for all dishes. Good results show the use of decoction based on berries bird cherry (3 tbsp. l. raw materials for 1 cup of boiling water).

Anti-inflammatory effect of the drug is due to its constituent tannins and anthocyanins.

Outwardly on the knee should be applied compresses of aloe.

For the preparation of a medicine, it is necessary to cut off a few leaves of the agave and put it in the refrigerator for a day, so that the plant multiplies the healing properties.

Before use, grind the raw material, put the mass on the joint, cover it with cotton cloth, plastic bag and warm with cotton or scarf. The final step is to fix the bandage on the leg.

As a basis for a compress, it is possible to use a crushed bulb or bear bile. Application preferably at night, so that the curative will affect the joint for several hours.

Reduce inflammation and swelling of the skin will help ointment from arnica, wormwood or marigold. The drug should be rubbed into the knee 2-3 times a day.

Good results show the use of lotions based on ginger. The root should be crushed, 2 tbsp. l.

pour 500 ml of boiling water and insist for 30-40 minutes.

As soon as the product is slightly cool, moisten with a cut of cotton cloth or gauze and apply to the affected joint for 10-15 minutes.

A source: https://OrtoCure.ru/svyazki-i-myshtsy/tendinit-kolena.html

Tendonitis of the knee joint: causes, symptoms, treatment

Movement of the knee and its stability are possible due to the well-coordinated work of its five ligaments:

• two cruciform,
• two lateral,
• own patellar ligament.

In addition to unpleasant situations associated with direct knee injury, (ligament rupture, dislocation, or fracture), there is another danger - tendonitis of the knee joint (inflammation of the tendons and ligaments).Most often, the tendonitis of the patellar ligament is diagnosed.

Anatomy of the patellar ligament

Such an original structure gives uniqueness to the knee joint: it provides not only motor functions, but also operates on the principle of lever-block mechanism, multiplying the efficiency quadriceps:

The patella itself can be considered a block, and its own ligament - a long lever arm.

Causes of tendonitis of the knee joint

Tendonitis of the knee joint is caused either by mechanical or degenerative causes.

Tendonitis of mechanical origin

The first type (mechanical) is associated with sports or professional activities:

1. Constant workouts or stress lead to micro-trauma of the ligament and the appearance of an inflammatory process in it.
2. Tendonitis of the patellar ligament is most often diagnosed in athletes engaged in jumping sports, in view of which this pathology received a very accurate name - the knee of the jumper.

The greatest stress appears always in the place of attachment of the ligament, and, consequently, tendonitis develops mainly in the place of its fixation to the patella or knee of the tibial muscle (the first occurs more often). Thus it is more expedient to consider it not as tendonitis, but as enthesitis.

The provoking factors of tendonitis are:

• flat feet of foot with its filling inward (pronation);
• the anatomical position of the kneecap, in which the ligament is clamped when bending the knee above 60 °;
• broken knee stability with rotation of the femur and tibia;
• hamstrings-syndrome - traumas on the soil of permanent loads of the muscles of the hamstrings.

Tendonitis of a degenerative nature

The second type of tendonitis refers to age-related and is associated with aging of ligaments and degenerative changes in them:

1. predominant mucoid process or fibrosis;
2. pseudocysts appear.

Promoting degeneration of ligaments can:

• rheumatoid arthritis;
• infectious arthritis;
• diabetes;
• long-term use of glucocorticosteroids and other reasons.

In the weakened ligament there is also a process of regeneration - restoration of degenerate altered areas:

1. the restored areas are denser and larger;
2. in them angiofibroblastosis is possible;
3. can be observed ossification (ossification) and calcification of ligaments - this property is observed in both types of tendinitis.

Stages of tendinitis of ligament of the knee

Tendonitis of knee ligaments passes through four stages:

• First - the symptoms of pain discomfort occur only after exercise or exercise.
• The second - the above symptoms are possible even before the load, and after it.
• The third - painful symptoms during the load and after it.
• The fourth is the rupture of the ligament.

The rupture occurs naturally: chronic inflammations in the ligament lead to its structural changes, reducing the mechanical strength. If the rupture was not due to a normal trauma, but because of tendonitis, then it is considered a complication of tendonitis.

Symptoms of tendonitis of ligaments of the knee joint

1. Tendonitis of the patellar ligament begins at the beginning with weak blunt pains in the lower part of the patella or in the tibia bumpy region.
2. At an early stage, pain occurs mainly after exercise.
3. There is also a feeling of tension or stiffness, knee extension can be difficult.
4. As progress progresses, the pain becomes more intense until they begin to accompany all flexion and extension movements.
5. If the tendonitis affects the deep layers, then with a strong and deep pressure on the area between the knee cap and the tibia bug there is pain.
6. Symptom of a partial or complete rupture of the ligament is pain in the extension with resistance.

Diagnostics

To clarify the diagnosis, make a radiograph of the knee: a straight and a side projection.

Roentgen allows you to identify fatigue microtrauma, areas of ossification and calcification.

It should be noted that the pain in the knee can be for many reasons:

• damage and rupture of the meniscus;
• osteochondropathies of the patella;
• an enlarged tibial bug.

For a closer look at local ligament or meniscus sites, an exact examination using computer or magnetic resonance imaging may be required.

Tendonitis of the knee joint: treatment methods

In the first two stages, conservative treatment is used:

1. Facilitate training and exercise regimes, reducing the intensity of training or work.
2. They put ice compresses.
3. To reduce pain, oral or intramuscular non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen, indomethacin, naproxen)

Intra-articular local injections of NSAIDs or glucocorticosteroids with tendonitis of the knee should be avoided, since they contribute to the development of atrophy of the ligaments.

All these drugs have a temporary effect and have many side effects, especially for the gastrointestinal tract.

They need to be performed for a long time (sometimes several months), but the effect of the exercises is very good - they allow you to cure tendonitis and resume workouts or work in full mode.

Another type of conservative non-drug treatment is typing.

Patients with knee tendinitis

The meaning of the taping in the use of special tapes, unloading the bundle.

There are different types of teipings:

• The tape is pasted across the bundle;
• crosswise with a fastener at the top or bottom;
• along the ligament with fixation below the tibial tuberosus, to which the patellar patch of the patella is attached;
• combined tieping (for example, cross-shaped and longitudinal, cross-shaped and transverse).

As well as typing, wearing orthoses helps to relieve your knee ligament, only it is worn not directly on the knee cap, but slightly lower.

Surgery

Tendonitis of the knee joint of the third and fourth degree is difficult to eliminate conservatively, and then surgical treatment may be required.

Often resorted to arthroscopy - a method in which through small punctures, an instrument is inserted under the supervision of a microscopic video camera and the damaged areas are removed. This way it is possible to delete:

1. slight damage to ligaments;
2. accretions on the knee cap, if they infringe the ligaments.

Cysts and other formations require open surgery.

Types of open transactions:

• excision of the ligament;
• scraping of the lower part of the patella;
• multiple tenotomies on ligaments (notches).

But these methods can lead to weakening and rupture of the ligament in the future. In the fourth stage, the preferred operation is plastic reconstruction.

Sometimes surgeons resort to other kinds of operations:

1. resection of the lower pole of the patella, if considered to be the culprit of chronic knee tendinitis;
2. The removal of the fat body (Hoff), which is under the patella.

Exercise: examples of exercises with a knee tendonitis

These exercises are very effective for knee tendonitis:

Exercises for stretching the quadriceps:

• Turning his back to the table or pedestal and holding on to the back of the chair, we put our right foot on the table. We keep the balance for 45-60 seconds, feeling the tension on the front surface of the thigh. Repeat the exercise with the left foot.
• You can slightly change the exercise, not laying it on the table, and holding back with your hand for the foot.
• Sitting on the floor, lean back, leaning back on his elbows. One leg is bent at the knee, and the other one is straightened up and held for a while. Then change the position of the legs and repeat the lift.
• Isometric exercise (with severe pain):
  • Sit on the floor, straightened legs, hands rest against the back of the floor.
  • Tighten the leg muscle, pulling up the knee cap (the leg remains motionless).
  • A few seconds to fix this position, then relax and repeat with the other leg.
  • Perform 20 times for several approaches.
• Exercises with resistance (performed with a rubber cord or elastic band):
  • The leg bent at the knee is fixed with a tape. Unbend knee, overcoming resistance.
  • Other options: retreat of the leg with resistance back, to the side, swinging legs.

Exercises for the hip muscles of the posterior group:

• In the standing position in front of the table (gymnastic staircase), put a foot on the surface or crossbar and reach for the foot, without bending the second leg.
• In a sitting position on the floor, tilt one by one to the feet of the divorced legs.

A source: https://ZaSpiny.ru/tkani/tendinit-kolennogo-sustava.html

Tendonitis of the knee joint (tendinosis), symptoms of knee jumping disease

Tendonitis (tendinitis, tendovaginitis) of the knee joint is an inflammation that occurs in a place where the bone and muscle come in contact, and in some cases - along the tendon. Most often this disease occurs:

1. in people over the age of 40;
2. athletes;
3. children, adolescents, as well as persons whose profession is associated with physical stress and strain on their knees;
4. obese people, who with their own weight increase the load of the knee.

The disease develops in a patellar patch that runs down from the patella, which is attached to the tibia and is the continuation of the quadriceps femoral muscle.

Physical stresses cause microscopic damage, but if rest is sufficient, the tissues are quickly restored.

In a situation where there is no possibility of a long rest, microtrauma accumulates, lead to degenerative changes in tendons and the development of the disease. Most often it covers the knee of the jogging leg, but can affect both joints.

Tendopathies can affect people who spend time in an uncomfortable position. Tendonitis of the patellar ligament can sometimes be confused with the stretching of the knee tendons.

There are the following types of tendenitis: acute and chronic.

In acute form, the disease can occur as a result of infection.

For the acute form of tendenitis is characterized by acute pain in the tendon area, swelling above the place lesions, a rise in temperature, lymphonoduses can inflame, movements constrained, sometimes can be observed immobility.

Chronic tendinopathy is better known as the "knee of the jumper." In various sports, the quadriceps muscle works in an eccentric manner.

At the beginning of the disease, touching the knee causes a pain attack, but with more severe injuries, puffiness may occur. As a rule, in this case, surgery is necessary.

The altered part of the lintel is excised, reconstructing the healthy one.

Causes

Tendonosis of the knee joint can occur due to various circumstances:

1. long and significant load on the joint;
2. trauma and numerous micro-injuries;
3. fungal and bacterial infections;
4. rheumatoid arthritis or gout;
5. allergic reactions to medication;
6. anatomical features (different length of legs, flat feet);
7. wearing uncomfortable shoes;
8. violation of posture;
9. deforming arthrosis;
10. weakened immune system;
11. age changes;
12. muscle imbalance.

In accordance with the cause of the disease (absence or presence of an infectious component) it is customary to isolate 2 types of tendonitis: aseptic and infectious.

Determination of the main cause of the development of the disease is the main task in the implementation of treatment.

In a role of the factors provoking illnesses, can act - long reception of steroid hormones, diseases of organs and systems (rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, diabetes, kidney failure and so forth).

Tendonitis of patellar ligament - symptoms and signs of disease

The characteristic signs of the "jumper's knee" are manifested by the following symptoms: sudden pain in the area of ​​inflammation and nearby areas;

• pain "to change the weather
• restriction of mobility in the joint;
• increased sensitivity during palpation;
• redness and swelling in the affected area;
• crunching joint when moving.

A sharp pain that occurs suddenly when you climb a ladder or get up from a chair. It interferes with the conduct of a normal way of life and sports.

Typical manifestations are found when examining the knee and when probing the patch of ligaments to the patella.

In the development of the disease, taking into account the symptoms, it is common to distinguish 4 stages:

1. Manifestation of pain after heavy loads;
2. Painful sensations appear with weak loads (training or physical work);
3. Intense pain is felt at rest;
4. Progression of the disease can lead to rupture of the patellar ligament.

For the recommendation of adequate treatment tactics, an exact diagnosis is necessary not only based on the cause of the disease, but also taking into account the stage of development.

Diagnosis of tendonitis

To establish the correct diagnosis, the doctor may prescribe the following studies:

• Lab tests. These studies will be informative if tendonitis has an infectious or rheumatoid origin.
• Radiography. The results of the survey will only indicate changes in the late stages of the disease associated with the deposition of salts and the occurrence of tendonitis as a result of arthritis or bursitis.
• CT and MRI help to identify tears and degenerative changes in the patella that require surgical intervention.
• The ultrasound indicates the areas of change in the structure or contraction of the ligament apparatus.

On the photo: diagnosis of knee joint tendonopathy.

Ultrasound of the knee joint

Therapy

1. Tendonitis of the knee joint, nowadays, can be treated as follows: medications;
2. physiotherapy methods;
3. operative intervention;
4. folk remedies;
5. physiotherapy.

Disease of the first, second and even third degree can be cured using conservative methods. First, limit the load on the joint or immobilize it. To reduce the load on the knee, crutches or a stick are used, and for immobilization on the knee, one should apply a plaster or put on a langette. Often combine physiotherapy and medication. The photo shows a tutor for immobilizing the knee joint

Tortor for the knee joint

In order to relieve the ligaments of the patella, apply: teiping (using teips or tapes to fix the knee); wearing a special knee (orthosis). In the chronic form of the disease, massage or self-massage sessions are prescribed.

Tendonitis of the knee joint - treatment with medicines

Medications used in the "jumper's knee" are antiflogistic and analgesic drugs from the group of non-steroid drugs (naproxen, ibufen, zotec, ibuprom).

The drugs relieve pain and inflammation, but do not lead to a complete victory over the disease. They can be used orally, in the form of injections, externally (gels, ointments and creams).

In the ineffectiveness of tablets for the removal of pain and inflammation in the affected area, injections of corticosteroids and plasma are prescribed. With a pronounced inflammatory process, the infectious nature of tendenitis can be treated with antibiotics.

Physiotherapy

The following physiotherapy methods are most often used:

• Ionophoresis.
• Magnetotherapy.
• Electrophoresis.
• UHF.

Effective special physiotherapy exercises for stretching muscles, which helps to restore the knee tendon after therapy.

Surgical intervention

At the most dangerous stage 4 of the disease, surgical treatment is necessary. Operation at which there is a removal of degenerative tissues in the region of the knee can be carried out in two ways: arthroscopic and open.

The postoperative period can take place for 2-3 months.

Folk remedies

Here, therapy will be directed to the removal of pain and inflammation when exposed to illness from the inside and outside.

For internal reception, you can drink twice a day green tea or tea with ginger; take a decoction (1 tbsp. l. dried berries bird cherry or 3 spoonfuls of fresh berries on a glass of water).

At home, it is recommended for outdoor use: immobilization of the joint with a fixative bandage; Trituration with ice cubes for a quarter of an hour.

Effective for the relief of symptoms of tendinopathies are compresses made of clay with apple cider vinegar. The mixture is applied to the inflamed area and pribintovyvayut gauze or tissue.

Compress to put on, -2 hours.

Physiotherapy

LFK will be effective at the 1 st and 2 nd stage of the disease. Physical training helps strengthen the quadriceps muscle. Exercise can take several months to complete recovery. Yoga is also effective.

The following exercises are included in the complex of physical exercises: stretching of the back muscles of the thigh; stretching quadriceps femoris; knee extension with resistance; mahi foot; ball retention etc.

Athletes suffering from the "knee jumper" are advised to add squats on an inclined plane with weights and without. Exercises are performed with a gradual increase in the load.

Prevention

Preventive measures that make it possible to prevent the onset of the disease and its progress are as follows:

1. mandatory warming up of muscles before exercise;
2. for proper lifting of weights, it is necessary to bend the legs in the knees;
3. absence of sudden movements;
4. frequent change of body position
5. gradual increase in loads;
6. timely alternation of load types;
7. regular rest.

A source: http://HodiZdorov.ru/koleno/tendinit-kolena.html