Antibiotic Vancomycin

Such a representative of the glycopeptide group of antibiotics as vancomycin is used mainly for the treatment of quite serious diseases of bacterial etiology.

The drug is active against streptococci, corynebacteria, staphylococci, clostridia and other gram-positive microorganisms.

On this page you will find all information about Vancomycin: the full instructions for use on this medication, average prices in pharmacies, complete and incomplete analogs of the drug, as well as reviews of people who have already used Vancomycin. Want to leave your opinion? Please write in the comments.

Clinical and pharmacological group

Antibiotic group glycopeptides.

Conditions of leave from pharmacies

It is released on prescription.

Price list

How much does Vancomycin cost? The average price in pharmacies is at the level of200 rubles.

Form of issue and composition

Vancomycin is released in the form of a dry powder (lyophilizate) for the preparation of an infusion solution, in dosages of 500 mg and 1000 mg, in vials. Each bottle with the instruction is placed in a cardboard package. Another dosage form of Vancomycin is tablets.

The main active ingredient is vancomycin (in the form of hydrochloride).

Pharmacological effect

Vancomycin is an antibiotic of the glycopeptide group, which has a bactericidal effect by blocking the synthesis of cell walls and pathogenic microorganisms sensitive to it.

The drug disrupts the synthesis of RNA, changes the permeability of bacteria. The drug is active against streptococci, corynebacteria, staphylococci, clostridia and other gram-positive microorganisms. Gram-negative rods, viruses, fungi, protozoa and mycobacteria are resistant to Vancomycin.

In tablets, Vancomycin is not used for the reason that after oral administration, the absorption of the active substance is performed poorly, although according to the doctor's testimony the solution can be used inside with certain diseases. As a rule, infectious diseases of a systemic nature are treated by injecting the solution intravenously.

Indications for use

It is appropriate to use this antibiotic to treat such diseases:

• endocarditis with acute, as well as subacute;
• with pneumonia caused by bacteria sensitive to the antibiotic;
• called Clostridium difficile enterocolitis (which is also called antibiotic-associated);
• bacterial meningitis, encephalitis and encephalomyelitis;
• septicemia, osteomyelitis;
• local bacterial infections of subcutaneous fat and skin.

It can also be used for other infections in case of ineffectiveness of prescribed antibiotics or their intolerance.

Contraindications

According to the instructions, Vancomycin is contraindicated in:

1. Neuritis of the auditory nerve;
2. High patient sensitivity to Vancomycin;
3. Expressed violations in the work of the kidneys;
4. The first trimester of pregnancy and lactation.

The drug is used carefully:

1. With moderate and mild violations in the work of the kidneys;
2. In the second and third trimesters of pregnancy;
3. Hearing impairment (including in the anamnesis).

Application in pregnancy and lactation

Vancomycin can be given to pregnant patients only for life reasons. In the presence of a safe alternative, it is recommended to use another antimicrobial.

In the event that Vancomycin is prescribed to a woman who is breast-feeding, the natural feeding is temporarily discontinued.

Instructions for use

The instructions for use indicate that Vancomycin is injected intravenously into the drip.

• Adults - 500 mg every 6 hours or 1 g every 12 hours. To avoid collapoid reactions, the duration of the infusion should be at least 60 minutes. Children - 40 mg / kg / day, each dose should be administered at least 60 minutes. In patients with impaired renal excretory function, the dose is reduced with allowance for the CK values.

Depending on the etiology of the disease, vancomycin can be taken orally. For adults, the daily dose is 0.5-2 g in 3-4 doses, for children - 40 mg / kg in 3-4 doses.

The maximum daily intake for adults with iv administration is 3-4 g.

Side effects

When taking the drug, the following side effects are possible: hearing loss, ringing in the ears, vertigo. Vancomycin can affect the processes of hemostasis and hematopoiesis, causing reversible leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, eosinophilia, and in very rare cases - agranulocytosis.

• Taking the drug may trigger disruption of the digestive tract (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, pseudomembranous colitis), and with prolonged use - nephrotoxicity, which can pass into renal failure.

With the rapid administration of the drug, anaphylactoid reactions are possible: dizziness, bronchospasm, lowering of pressure, fever, heart palpitations, as well as skin rashes, redness of the upper half of the trunk, muscle spasms in the back and neck. Sometimes local reactions are noted: pain and necrosis of tissues at the site of infusion, thrombophlebitis.

special instructions

1. During the period of therapy with Vancomycin, it is desirable to regularly monitor the kidney function (urea nitrogen, creatinine and urinalysis).
2. In the treatment of newborns and elderly patients, it is recommended to monitor the concentration of the active substance of the drug in the blood serum.
3. The use of Vancomycin in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy can be carried out only for the intended purpose doctor and in cases where the potential benefit to the mother exceeds the possible risk to the fetus.
4. The combination with local anesthetics in adult patients can lead to impaired intracardiac conduction, and in children to hyperemia of the face and erythematous skin rash.
5. When the drug is combined with general anesthetics, the likelihood of adverse reactions increases, especially the reduction in blood pressure and the development of neuromuscular blockade. Therefore, it is recommended to infuse at least an hour before the introduction of general anesthetics.

Drug Interactions

The simultaneous use of local anesthetics and Vancomycin can lead to the development of histamine-like tides, erythema and anaphylactic shock.

When combined with cisplatin, aminoglycosides, furosemide, amphotericin B, polymyxins and cyclosporin, nephro- and ototoxic effects are enhanced.

Reviews

Strong antibiotic, take with caution and under the supervision of a doctor.

Also, many reviews contain information on the development of serious side effects, such as pressure reduction, difficulty breathing, redness of the skin, the appearance of a palpitations, ear pain.

Analogues

Analogues are preparations: Vancadicin, Vanko, Vankogen, Vancolon, Vancomek, Vancoum, Likonum, Tankofeto, Edicyin.

Before using analogues, consult your doctor.

Storage conditions and shelf life

Vancomycin is stored in a dry, sheltered from sunlight place, at room temperature (below 25 ° C). Shelf life is 2 years. Do not use an antibiotic after the end of the shelf life indicated on the package.

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