Polyostoarthritis: Symptoms and Treatment

Overview of polyostearthrosis: symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis

Polyostoarthrosis is a chronic disease of the joints and the bones that form them, which leads to their deformation, impaired mobility, gradual destruction and, if the disease is not treated for a long time, to disability.

This pathology is a kind of osteoarthrosis and has its own distinctive feature - multiple joint damage (from three or more).

Polyostoarthrosis indicates more serious disorders in the body than those observed with "normal" osteoarthritis, but otherwise these diseases (their causes, symptoms and treatment) are the same.

Polyostoarthrosis is characterized by destruction of articular cartilage and adjacent to them bone tissue.

To compensate for this process, the body activates the restorative forces to the best of its abilities, but it does not end very well: in the ligaments and capsule of the joints, which normally should be elastic, calcium salts are deposited, which reduce their elasticity and mobility, and along the edges of the joint surfaces, new bone proliferation. In the end, this leads to overgrowth of the joint cavity and complete loss of mobility in it.

Polyostoarthrosis and its location

This is a widespread disease, and it occurs mainly in the elderly (from 50-60 years). It is accompanied by a persistent pain syndrome, a restriction of mobility, which inevitably worsens the quality of life.

From polyosteoarthrosis it is impossible to recover completely - having begun, this disease will accompany the patient all his life.

Treat this disease doctors of various specialties: therapists, rheumatologists and orthopedists.

How can we forget about the symptoms of polyostoarthrosis once and for all? How to prevent further destruction of the joints? The answers to all questions are in the article.

Causes of the disease

The exact immediate causes that trigger the process of destruction of the components of the joint are unknown. Scientists have made a great breakthrough in studying the mechanisms of development of this pathology and ways of influencing it, but the specific reason remains a mystery.

Six known factors that significantly increase the possibility of the development of the disease polyostoarthritis:

1. old age, when there is a natural aging of the body;
2. sedentary lifestyle;
3. bad habits;
4. injuries;
5. excessive physical exertion (not necessarily when doing sports);
6. overweight.

Causes that increase the possibility of developing polyostearthrosis

Typically, polyostoarthrosis develops as a result of the combined effect of several risk factors.

Symptoms

Polyosteoarthrosis is difficult to miss, because it has pronounced symptoms. Only in some cases the disease is asymptomatic (and this happens only in the early stages).

Signs of the disease:

• pain in the joints, the intensity of which usually increases with physical activity;
• a sense of crackling, crunching, clicking when moving in the joints;
• limitation of mobility up to the total impossibility of movements;
• deformation of the articular region.

In some situations arthritis (arthritis) is layered on the symptoms of arthrosis. In this case, the above symptoms are associated with swelling and redness of the skin, as well as a local increase in temperature.

In the absence of adequate treatment, the destruction of the joint tissues progresses steadily, which ultimately leads to the formation of ankyloses.

Ankylosis - this is a strong fusion between the articular surfaces that interfere with movements in the joints or even make them impossible.

At this stage, the treatment of polyostearthrosis is only one - endoprosthetics.

Formation of ankylosis between articular surfaces. Click on photo to enlarge

Four methods of diagnosis

The diagnosis of polyostoarthrosis can be made even in a clinic, because it does not require complex research.

1. Radiography of the affected joint is available everywhere, and in most cases this is a necessary and sufficient diagnostic method.
2. With polyostoarthrosis, the images clearly show a change in the joint gap and surfaces, osteophytes (marginal bony growths) and some other changes (depending on the stage of pathology).
3. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This method better visualizes soft tissues: ligaments, muscles, tendons, articular bags.
4. General and biochemical analysis of blood.
5. In difficult diagnostic cases, arthroscopy can be demonstrated.

During this procedure, an endoscope is inserted into the joint cavity through a small incision through the skin, through which the doctor can directly examine the joint surfaces.

Also, with arthroscopy, you can take a piece of tissue for microscopic examination and a sample of synovial fluid for analysis.

Arthroscopy of the knee

Polyostoarthrosis is successfully treated with both conservative and surgical methods.The choice of the specific direction of therapy depends on the stage of the disease and the number of affected joints.

Medicines

Apply:

• nonselective analgesics: ibuprofen, diclofenac, nimesulide and others;
• selective anesthetics: meloxicam, celecoxib;
• corticosteroids, which are prescribed in the form of tablets or as intra-articular injections;
• chondroprotectors - drugs that protect cartilaginous tissue from further destruction and accelerate its recovery: chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid.

Medications that help in the treatment of polyostearthrosis

Physiotherapy

This auxiliary method of therapy increases the effectiveness of the drugs taken and stimulates the renewal of bone and cartilaginous tissues. For the treatment of polyostoarthrosis use:

1. electrophoresis,
2. magnetotherapy,
3. UHF,
4. heating of the joints (but only in the absence of acute inflammatory phenomena).

There are special sanatoriums and medical resorts that specialize in the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with joint diseases.

Physiotherapy for the treatment of polyostearthrosis

Exercise therapy

With polyostoarthrosis, much attention is paid to curative gymnastics.

For each joint, there is a set of exercises aimed at strengthening the muscles and ligaments of this area.

However, in this case you can not overdo it, because excessive physical load will only be harmful.

Operation

With extreme severity of the process and development of ankylosis, surgical intervention is indicated.

Most often, joint replacement is performed - an operation in which the affected joint is removed (in whole or in part), and an individually selected prosthesis is placed in its place.

After the operation, a long and difficult recovery period begins, but at the end the patient returns to normal life.

Endoprosthetics of joints in hand

Forecast

Properly selected therapy at an early stage of the disease is the right way to completely eliminate the symptoms of polyostoarthrosis for many years. With a clear adherence to the curative program, more than half of patients achieve significant clinical improvement.

With the conservative treatment of polyostoarthrosis, a positive effect is observed already during the first week of treatment.

In the first 2-3 days, depending on the individual characteristics of the patient, the pain syndrome is greatly alleviated.

To date, polyostoarthrosis continues to be an incurable disease, so its therapy should continue for life.

Drug treatment is conducted at least once or twice a year, depending on the severity of the disease and the number of affected joints.

Therapeutic gymnastics must be performed continuously; During the period of taking medication exercises should be done daily, while the rest of the time it is enough to practice 1-2 times a week.

Endoprosthetics of the joints - a fairly safe operation (among operations of this level of complexity). Postoperative complications occur in less than 1% of patients. Proper rehabilitation allows you to quickly restore the function of the joint and restore the lost quality of life.

A source: http://SustavZdorov.ru/artroz/poliosteoartroz-331.html

Polyostoarthrosis - what is it and how to treat the pathology

The abrasion of the periosteal cartilage layer, the sclerosis of the synovial bag plus the meager production of synovial fluid leads to the development of osteoarthritis of the joints.

This pathology appears in articulations subject to excessive functional exploitation. This process is most often affected by knee, hip, joints of the feet.

If several joints give at once to the degenerative process, then it is a question of polyostoarthrosis.

To the listed joints, with this diagnosis, a group of peripheral articular structures (joints of the hands, fingers, intervertebral articulations of the spinal column of all departments) joins.

To prevent many complications you need to know everything about polyostoarthrosis - what it is and how to treat it.

Polyostoarthrosis, general view

Degenerative plus destructive changes of the cartilaginous plate covering the distal zones of skeletal bones and entering the articular structure are the triggering mechanism for the development of osteochondrosis. Polyosteoarthrosis is the same osteoarthrosis (or osteochondrosis), which simultaneously affects two or more groups of musculoskeletal connections.

Hormonal dysfunction or traumatization of the skeleton abrade the cartilaginous layers, in place of which gradually appear bare zones with osteophytic outgrowths in the form of sharp spines.

According to statistical data, 65-70% of patients with age indices of 55-80 years suffer from polyostoarthritis.

Post-traumatic cases leading to multiple osteoarthritis account for about 20% of all cases.

In the hormonal chain, there are several hormones responsible for the cycle of reproduction plus the full maturation of chondrocytes and collagen cells.

The disruption of the production of these hormones leads to a halt in the division of the cartilaginous or colleague cells.

As a result, the protective cushioning of the articular joint is depleted and an abnormal development of bone tissue begins in its place. The synovial fluid becomes smaller, the capsule itself is subjected to sclerosis.

In patients, there is a restriction of movement, acute pain, a change in the anatomical shape of the joints. With the passage of time, full ankylosis sets in (joint sclerosis with immobility).

What are the causes of the pathology?

Multiple arthrosis is observed in most cases in patients overstepping for 55-60 years, in the climacteric disorders, in the majority of people, intensely involved in sports, as well as in patients suffering from chronic diseases. To this list, a risk group joins, which contributes to the development of pathology.

Factors	Description
Total patient weight	The increased weight of a body, is the big load for joints. The constant pressure of the vertical load wears the cartilaginous shell, instead of which osteophytic zones appear. Osteoarthritis occurs immediately in several groups of articulations.
Floor	In women, multiple degenerative processes of the joints develop 10 times more than in men. This fact is confirmed by hormonal dysfunction, pregnancy and menopause.
Profession	Loaders, skyscrapers, street vendors, cold store workers, athletes, surgeons, bakers, turners, miners, watchmen, oil workers - are the main targets for multiple osteoarthritis.
Traumatization	Constant exposure to traumatic effects of some groups of locomotor compounds wear out cartilaginous plates. The frequent result of injuries is polyosteatrosis of knees, elbows, hands or feet.
Predisposition	Hereditary factor occupies one of the first places among risk factors. If the family has one incident of osteoarthritis, children will necessarily inherit this pathology.
Metabolism	Violation of metabolic reactions frequent causes of diseases of the musculoskeletal system. In general, the motor function of the lower limbs is impaired.
Congenital anomalies	Many children are born with pathologies of the development of cartilaginous plus connective tissue. In small patients, the function of multiplying chondrocytes, collagen is impaired. The skeleton is very fragile, prone to permanent fractures of bones.

To the list of risk factors is poisoning with toxic substances. Many people live in contaminated areas. Sediment of toxins in the joint layers leads to their destruction, inflammation + disability.

Symptoms, multiple osteoarthritis

Signs of the pathology of the connective zones of the skeleton, which is of a destructive nature, can be invisible, moderate, brightly manifested with anatomical plus motor impairments.

At the first stage of development, symptoms are not noticeable, pathology can be diagnosed by accidental examination. Joints ache only with physical activity, after rest - the pain passes. Flexibility and motor skills - fully preserved. X-ray examination markedly depletes the cartilage layer.

The disease can be inconspicuous for a long time, since it is not aggravated by inflammatory reactions.

Moderate symptoms include joint pain after running, long walking, insignificant labor. After taking bath procedures, massage or rest, the pain syndrome disappears.

As the pathology is chronic, there is a disruption of flexibility, motor skills, plus the sparing of the organ during movement.There is a crunching or creaking during rotation, flexion or extension of the joints.

These symptoms are characteristic of all groups of connective structures of the skeleton. Destruction of bones, cartilage, muscles, leads to a violation of the anatomical form of the joints.

Fragments are deposited in the interior of the articular space, blocking the motility.

The "articulated mouse" creates pain during movement, but gradually it becomes blunted. The swelling of the tissues of the periarticular space is formed by the accumulated synovial cerebrospinal fluid.

Excessive accumulation of fluid plus marginal bone growths on the distal margins of the bones disrupt the motor function. The pain syndrome does not disappear even after rest or a certain posture.

To damage the articulations of the fingers is characterized by solid distal seals or Geberden's nodules, as well as proximal seals or Bushar's nodules. The latter appear in interphalangeal articular joints.

Nodes of Geberden are solid build-ups with a diameter of 2 mm. Favorite localization, this is the back side of the phalangeal joints (middle, index, nameless, little finger).

Formations appear in parallel on both hands. The process is accompanied by pain plus unbearable burning, as well as swelling with further destruction, ankylosis of the fingers.

For polyostoarthrosis, "knotty fingers" are the main differential symptoms with other articular pathologies.

Diagnostic study

Polyosteoarthrosis in comparison with arthritis in most clinical cases is not characterized by erythematous and pronounced edema. To confirm the diagnosis and choose the right treatment regimen, you need to perform a comprehensive diagnosis.

The list of diagnostic studies:

1. Taking general and biochemical blood tests
2. General analysis of urine (with a suspicion of pyelonephritis and urolithiasis, an analysis according to Zemnitskiy + Nichiporenko is recommended).
3. Performing tests on the detection of rheumatoid factor.
4. X-ray images of patients with joints in three projections.
5. CT plus MRI of patients with articulations in order to detect the degree of damage to bones, cartilage, and the ligamentous-muscular apparatus.

An important point in the diagnosis of polyostoarthrosis is the puncture of the joints. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid of joints, or rather the results of analyzes indicate the degree of destruction plus the presence of microbial agents.

By means of an arthroscope inserted into the articular space, the exact localization of the pathology is revealed, the degree destruction, and also with its help it is possible to clear a joint from a sedimentary material, to enter medicines or to execute build-up of cartilage. The procedure is fast and safe with a lesser degree of operational trauma.

The treatment of polyostearthrosis

The aim of therapeutic tactics is to find the focus of the lesion, find the main cause, plus its elimination, the coping of the pain syndrome, the preservation of flexibility, functionality + joint health.

If the acute process is individual treatment for this phase, and if the disease is chronic, the treatment regimen includes surgical intervention, including endoprosthetics. Both cases in the beginning of the disease are based on complex drug therapy, then on the operation with restoration of the deformed locomotor organ.

Dietary recommendations

Diet is important in terms of reducing excess body weight, regulating metabolism, normalizing blood sugar, and also restoration of the water-salt balance plus the restoration of the cartilage layer and the increase of the synovial fluid in the joint. Chondroprotectors are contained in some herbs, as well as in products of animal + fish origin. Nettle, soybean, hog queen, red brush, chamomile - rich in estrogen. Androgens are found in Bulgarian + Chinese peppers.

For obese patients, a diet rich in fiber is recommended.

A fractional balanced diet with the exception of protein, lipid plus carbohydrate food, as well as a plentiful drink of non-carbonated drinks, will show a positive result in a certain time.

Obese people through such diets drop 8-10 kg per month. With weight reduction, the articular load decreases, the risk of galling of cartilage, the weakening of the muscular corset decreases, the sprain of the ligaments.

Medication Therapy

Scheme of medicinal preparations should contain only purposeful medications relieving pain, stop cartilage depletion, regenerate chondroblasts, and strengthen the musculoskeletal system joints.

The complex of therapeutic measures consists of:

• Anesthesia pain (Analgin, Baralgin).
• Inhibition of inflammation (Diclofenac, Dicloberl, Movalis, Nimesil).
• Antihistamines (Tavegil, Suprastin);
• Muscle relaxants.
• Drugs that increase immunity.
• Correction of metabolic processes.
• Chondroprotectors.
• Vitamins of group B.

Restoration of the cartilaginous plate plus correction of the production of chondroblasts, collagen + production of sufficient the amount of synovial fluid is achieved through the administration of chondroprotectors and vitamins of the group AT.

Physiotherapy

Auxiliary treatment methods such as electrophoresis with NSAIDs + UHF + laser therapy + mud treatment in sanatorium and resort conditions will eliminate the period of exacerbation of multiple osteoarthritis. After carrying out fizioprotsedur on the appointed scheme the following aggravation will come not soon.

Gymnastics and massage

This pathology of the joints requires constant performance of special exercises.

A physician on exercise therapy will individually assign a set of active and passive exercises for each patient for medical reasons.

LFK will help to strengthen and stabilize muscles, ligaments, restoring or retaining the amplitude of the motor range of the affected joints.

Permanent exercise with gymnastic exercises with massage therapy sessions will improve the peripheral and deep blood supply of bone joints.

High metabolism will promote the recovery of chondrocytes + collagen cells.

Through the massage, not only motor skills, but also the depreciation of joints, that is, cartilage + synovial fluid, which are the main components in the work of all joints, will be restored.

Folk methods

All medicinal herbal preparations stop the pain, remove swelling, stop the washing of cartilage. There is one minus: they do not completely eliminate pathology, but in parallel with drug therapy have a collateral effect.

List of popular recipes:

1. Alcohol tincture on a propolis base: 50g propolis + 150ml alcohol. Insists for 7-8 days. The aching joints are stretched.
2. Garlic (70g), honey (50g) + alcohol (100ml) - insist 8-10 days. Apply in the form of compresses or rubbing.
3. Alcohol tincture of birch buds: 200g of kidneys + 500ml of alcohol. Insist 20 days. It is recommended to use 20 drops before meals. And also in the form of grits.
4. Tincture of burdock root: the crushed root is poured with a liter of vodka, the month insists. This tincture is wiped with joints.

For patients with climacteric changes, tea from three herbs is recommended: red clover, chamomile and nettle. All components are taken on a teaspoon of dried herbs. Brewed 300ml of boiling water. It is recommended to insist 4 hours.

Drink half a cup 3 times daily before meals. This tea adds to the female sex the missing estrogens. Men are recommended to eat one Chinese per day per day.

This recipe benefits only healthy men, if there is a pathology of the gastrointestinal tract - it is not recommended to use this method.

Prevention

Pathology, joints associated with destructive phenomena, requires a hard work in the form of permanent exercises of active + passive nature.

They will strengthen the musculo-ligament system, not letting go of the cartilage layer of bones.

Proper nutrition, refusal from alcohol and tobacco smoking, replenishment of the deficiency of sex hormones, reduction in excess weight - are the basis of prevention of polyosteoarthrosis.

Reducing physical standards in sportsmen and people of advanced age will keep the joint plates in working order. Timely treatment of joint injuries plus sanatorium procedures will preserve the motility and full functionality of the affected joints.

Multiple osteoatrices of the joints brings to patients such complications as the limitation of the functional abilities of the lower and upper limbs, as well as the spinal column.

Pathology in the early stages of its development has almost no symptoms, therefore, if there are minor pains it is better to undergo examination from a traumatologist, arthrologist or surgeon.

Gradual wear of the joints of the locomotor system leads to disability, which can change life for the worse.

For preventive purposes, the information of polyostoarthrosis - what it is and how to treat it, will help to be treated on time or step over this pathology.

A source: http://zdorovue-systavi.ru/artroz/poliosteoartroz-chto-eto-takoe-i-kak-lechit/

What is polyostoarthrosis: the causes, symptoms and treatment of the joints of the hands

Polyostoarthrosis is a complex damaging disease that disrupts the functionality of the synovial substance and destroys the cartilaginous tissues, which leads to deformation of the bones. In medicine, there is no such diagnosis as polyosteoarthrosis, but this name has long been adopted in folk medicine.

The term is used when there is simultaneous damage to more than one joint, but several. For example, the patient was diagnosed with arthrosis of the knee, elbow and hands. In this case, the concentration of osteoarthrosis is different, therefore there is a great risk that a person will become disabled.

Specificity of the disease

Despite the similarity of the names of polyostearthrosis with polyarthritis, these diseases are different, however, they still have common symptoms.

The main difference is that with polyostoarthrosis, the whole body does not have an inflammatory process and the disease does not affect the organs.

And polyarthritis is an inflammatory disease that affects the internal organs.

Generalized arthrosis involves a deforming process in at least three joints. Often, its causes lie in hereditary pathologies. As a rule, the most problem areas are elbows, fingers, hips and knee joints.

This disease is very serious and insidious, as it is accompanied by a strong pain syndrome and a significant reduction in the motor function of the joints.

Factors of occurrence

There are several main reasons for developing polyosteoarthrosis. However, to date, the etiology of this pathology has not been fully studied. So, the appearance of the disease is facilitated by:

1. hormonal disorders and failure of the thyroid gland;
2. diabetes;
3. various injuries;
4. overstrain of joints;
5. permanent heavy physical work and certain sports;
6. joint dysplasia;
7. overweight;
8. metabolic disease.

Also, the hereditary factor may be an important cause, in particular, the genetic predisposition is observed in women who are most often diagnosed with polyointearthrosis of the fingers. Scientists suggest that hereditary causes lie in the features of the structure of the cartilaginous tissue.

So, archaeologists have found skeletons on excavations, after which a paleontological study was carried out, which showed that even people who lived in the Stone Age suffered from this pathology.

Symptomatology

The main symptom of the defeat of a number of joints is intense pain. In this case, discomfort can be felt simultaneously in the knee, arm, shoulder and thigh.

Severe aching pain most often occurs during stress on the joints.

Moreover, the joints can remind themselves of the period of weather change and even during the full moon.

Other attributes include a slow limitation of the motor function of the joints.

Due to the fact that the disease progresses slowly, the primary symptom - a slight decrease in the mobility of the arm or leg - is invisible.

Identified symptoms are the reason to immediately seek medical help for a survey and a correct diagnosis. During the diagnosis, you can identify symptoms such as:

• abundant accumulation of fluid in the joint capsule;
• narrowing or absence of joint space;
• Heberden nodules;
• deformation and thinning of cartilage;
• presence of osteophytes;
• enlargement of the joint bag.

In the period of exacerbation of the disease, one more symptom is the deformation of bone tissues.

Treatment of polyostoarthrosis

Here you can immediately note the following areas:

1. diet,
2. drug therapy,
3. physiotherapy,
4. ethnoscience

The goals of treating pathology are the elimination of pain, improving the mobility of joints and stimulating the synthesis of new cartilage cells. Supportive therapy of cartilaginous tissues is also carried out with the help of a special diet and taking chondroprotectors.

A healthy diet is an important part of the treatment if a deforming type of polyosteoarthrosis of the fingers or knee joints has been identified in a person. With excess weight, the doctor first of all puts his patient on a diet to reduce the burden on the affected joint.

To this end, the patient must adhere to the norms of a healthy diet.

Its nutrition should be high-grade and include the necessary amount of vitamins, in particular B and C, nutrients and trace elements.

Therefore, the diet should be enriched with fruits, lean fish and meat, nuts and vegetables.

In addition, nutritionists do not recommend eating smoked food, sausages and semi-finished products. It is desirable that the menu is dominated by fruits, jelly desserts, jelly, vegetables and fish dishes.

Also, treatment can not do without drug therapy.

Often the doctor prescribes NSAIDs, analgesics and muscle relaxants intravenously or as injections into the joint bag, pills and ointments.

Polyostoarthrosis can be at various stages of development, so the doctor prescribes the dosage and course of treatment, relying on this information.

Important! Do not self-medicate and take NSAIDs and other medications yourself without prescribing a doctor, polyosteoarthrosis is a dangerous disease

Chondroprotectors activate the processes of feeding cartilaginous tissues, strengthen them and prevent destruction.

However, if the polyostoarthrosis is at the last stage, when the intervertebral discs and cartilages are very thin, the therapy with chondroprotectors will not be effective.

Physiotherapy of joints is an effective auxiliary treatment that helps to restore joint health:

1. infrared irradiation;
2. phonophoresis;
3. laser irradiation;
4. electrophoresis;
5. magnetotherapy.

In addition, the doctor often recommends patients to visit sanatoriums and hospitals, where the condition of the joints can be improved with the help of mud and radon baths.

Treatment of joint pathologies by folk remedies consists in the effect on the affected area of ​​the strength of plants that have healing properties.

So, therapy with folk remedies consists of taking decoctions and infusions, applying compresses and applying ointments and creams to the place of the affected joint, prepared with their own hands.

However, during the treatment of polyosteoarthrosis folk remedies should be taken into consideration and be patient. After all, in this case, the course of therapy is long - it can drag on for months or even years.

In addition, the patient, who was diagnosed with polyosteoarthrosis deforming, it is necessary to engage in exercise therapy. But it should be remembered that exercises should be gentle so that the processes of destruction of cartilaginous tissues do not accelerate.

The main purpose of such charging is to improve the mobility of the joints, to strengthen the ligamentous and muscular apparatus and the entire musculoskeletal system.

Polyostoarthrosis will recede only if the patient follows all medical recommendations, not forgetting the auxiliary methods of therapy. But for the success of the treatment the patient needs to be patient, because the disease will not go away so simply.

A source: http://sustav.info/bolezni/osteoarthritis/poliosteoartroz.html

Polyostoarthrosis and its treatment

Polyostoarthrosis is a degenerative disease of several joints, leading to a restriction of their function and deformation. Arthrosis is one of the most frequent diseases of the musculoskeletal system, and its particular variant of polyostoarthrosis often leads to disability of patients.

According to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), polyosteoarthrosis has code M15.

One of the problems of modern orthopedics and rheumatology is the lack of scientific knowledge about the causes of the development of diseases. This is also true for polyostoarthrosis. Probably, the pathology develops under the influence of a set of unfavorable factors:

• Hereditary predisposition.
• Age.
• Female.
• Hormonal deficiency (women in the menopause period).
• Microdamages with significant joint loads.
• Metabolic disorders.
• Injuries.
• Diabetes mellitus, diseases of the thyroid gland.
• Lack of calcium and vitamin D.
• Postponed infections.

There are many causes of polyostoarthritis, but not all of them necessarily lead to illness.

Mechanisms of development

After the influence of predisposing factors within the joint develops a chain of pathological processes. Polyosteoarthrosis has the following developmental mechanism:

1. The onset of the disease is associated with damage to the cartilaginous tissue, which lays inside each joint.
2. Degradation of cartilage is manifested in increased fragility, abnormal dryness.
3. Friction of damaged articular surfaces leads to the development of an inflammatory process.
4. In turn, inflammation causes impaired function, swelling, pain, and subsequently deformity.

Polyostoarthrosis is characterized by the defeat of several joints. Why is this happening?

Often, several joints are affected at the same time. This is especially true for articulations of brushes. Pathology has a hereditary (primary) character and occurs in women in menopause. Such a disease is called polyosteoarthrosis of the fingers.

Symptoms

Polyosteoarthrosis has a rather characteristic manifestation. Preliminary diagnosis of the doctor can easily be set when collecting complaints and examining the patient. Symptoms of the disease are as follows:

1. Joint pains, which increase with exercise, appear later in the evening.
2. Morning stiffness in the joints is less than 30 minutes.
3. Deformation in the form of nodules on the fingers or cones on the knee joints.
4. Difficulty in moving, reducing mobility.
5. Redness, swelling, severe pain with exacerbation of the disease.
6. Geberden's nodules are subcutaneous seals on the back surface of the hand joints of the nail phalanx. Often inflamed, causing a vivid symptomatology.
7. Bushara nodules - similar formations, which differ in the formation of the joints of the middle and main phalanx (in the middle of the finger). Slowly progress without pronounced exacerbations.
8. Impossibility of performing small movements with the fingers of the affected arm.
9. Deforming osteoarthritis with knee joint damage is manifested by difficulty in walking and prolonged standing.

Deforming arthrosis has similar manifestations with other diseases of the musculoskeletal system, for example, rheumatoid arthritis. In this case, the doctor should pay attention not only to the symptomatology, but also to the history and laboratory data.

Complications

With the treatment of such a pathology as deforming osteoarthritis, you can not delay, as the disease leads to severe complications. This is especially true for polyostoarthrosis, since several joints are involved in this pathology.

Deforming osteoarthritis with knee joint damage will lead to loss of mobility in the lower limb. Complications can become persistent lameness.

Diagnostics

Despite the fact that polyosteoarthrosis can be suspected at a simple examination, the doctor will confirm the diagnosis with the help of additional techniques. These include:

1. Laboratory tests - blood and urine tests will detect the inflammatory process, exclude the autoimmune nature of the disease, which is characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis.
2. The X-ray of the affected joints is the main method of diagnosis. It allows to reveal the degree of violation of the integrity of the joint, to establish the stage of the disease.
3. CT and MRI - are of an auxiliary nature. May be required for difficulty in diagnosing.
4. Puncture of articular fluid. Analysis of this substrate makes it possible to exclude the infectious nature of inflammation.
5. Ultrasound of the affected joint. Sufficiently subjective methodology, which, however, is very economical and affordable.

After the establishment of the final diagnosis, the doctor will proceed with the choice of treatment.

Treatment

Polyostoarthrosis requires an integrated approach to treatment. Eliminate the cause of the disease is often not possible, so doctors resort to symptomatic therapy. The treatment package may include the following:

• Changing the way of life.
• Use of medicines.
• Physiotherapy.
• Exercise therapy.
• Surgical intervention.
• Treatment with folk remedies.

Before resorting to the following methods, it is necessary to pay attention to the first point. It includes the normalization of the motor regime, the elimination of overloads and additional injuries, a decrease in body weight, a change in the nature of labor.

Medication

Eliminate the symptoms of polyostoarthrosis, as well as affect the prognosis and quality of life allow medications. These include:

• Chondroprotectors.
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
• Drugs that improve microcirculation.
• Hormonal injections.
• Preparations of synovial fluid.

The first group of drugs is actively studied by modern clinical medicine. Chondroprotectors are not aimed at eliminating the symptoms of the disease, but at slowing the damage to the cartilaginous tissue. Perhaps further study of these drugs will achieve a cure for osteoarthritis.

Auxiliary Methods

In the acute period of the disease, patients are shown physioprocedures. They are aimed at improving microcirculation, removing edema, reducing the intensity of symptoms. Possible variants of physiotherapy:

• Electrophoresis of anti-inflammatory drugs.
• Phonophoresis.
• UHF.
• UFO.
• Rodon baths.
• Paraffin applications.

Almost all procedures have a warming effect, so their use is contraindicated in the acute period of infectious diseases. The doctor should conduct a study of the patient and only then assign a particular technique.

Surgery

When all of the above therapy does not lead to sufficient effect, the doctor has to resort to surgery. During the operation deformations inside the articulation are eliminated, often the articular surfaces are replaced with prostheses.

Treatment with folk remedies

Traditional medicine practices the treatment of osteoarthritis with chicken cartilage, eggshell, mustard and honey. As medicinal herbs used hops, sweet clover, St. John's wort, needles of coniferous trees and other means.

Use similar recipes with caution. The effect of the methods is not proven, and the potential harm often exceeds the benefit. In case of doubt in the safety of folk remedies, it is recommended that you consult with your doctor.

A source: http://MedOtvet.com/arthrosis/poliosteoartroz-i-ego-lechenie.html

Features of joint polyostoarthrosis

Polyosteoarthrosis is a disease that causes degenerative-dystrophic joint changes, affecting several joints.

The disease develops gradually, first causing primary degenerative processes in the cartilaginous tissue of the joint, then development of bone growths - osteophytes, and at the last stages with absent or ineffective treatment - deformation joints. According to the ICD 10, the disease belongs to the category of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue.

Most Common Causes

Not only with increased loads, but also with their uneven distribution on the surface of the cartilage, deforming polyostoarthrosis may occur. At a certain area of ​​cartilage, the closest approach of the joint surfaces occurs. In this place, the pathological processes begin.

In some cases, the disease is caused by changes in the physical and chemical properties of the cartilaginous tissue in the joints.

This can occur as a result of contusions, injuries, circulatory disorders in blood vessels, oxygen-supplying cartilaginous tissue.

The following diseases can cause changes in the physico-chemical properties of the cartilaginous tissue:

• arthritis of infectious or non-infectious origin;
• hemochromatosis;
• hemophilia;
• hemarthrosis;
• acromegaly;
• osteonecrosis;
• gout;
• pyrophosphate arthropathy;
• diabetes.

Hereditary predisposition to osteoarthrosis and polyostoarthrosis plays a significant role in its development.

Classification of the disease

Polyostoarthrosis is classified, first of all, by localization. Affected may be the joints of hands, feet, spine.

In the form of osteophytes, there may be:

1. Deforming nodular polyostoarthrosis. On the affected small joints of the hands and feet appear visible deformations due to the formation of knots Bouchard and Geberden.
2. Bezuzelkovy.

By the severity of the symptoms can be identified:

• malosymptomatic form;
• manifest form.

In the first case, pains occur rarely and are of a short-term nature or do not occur at all. In joints, a crunch can be heard.

On the phalanges of the fingers and toes, nodules can be seen. Patients complain of convulsive contraction of calf muscles.

Most often this form is found in young patients and affects the joints of the hands.

Most often, the legs suffer because of the increased stress on them

The manifest form, in turn, can be slow or fast-progressing. During the first 5 or even more years, no visible signs of the disease are seen in the patient with a slow-progressing manifest form of the disease. After this period, the first manifestations begin.

With a rapidly progressive manifest form, the patient signs the first signs within 4 years after the onset of the pathological process. Pains after movements appear very quickly, movements in the joints are severely limited, muscular atrophy develops.

Symptoms and Diagnosis of Disease

At the initial stage of development the disease practically does not manifest itself at all and the symptoms do not appear.

The first noticeable signal indicating the onset of the development of polyostoarthrosis is a crunch in the joints, which appears when performing a variety of movements.

After increased loads, pains appear in the joints, but in the first stages they are not expressed and quickly disappear. Gradually the pain becomes more pronounced and last longer. And can appear even after minimal physical exertion.

The origin of pain is always mechanical and is associated with the load on the joint

This character of painful sensations differs from the inflammatory pains, characteristic for arthritis. At the last stage, even in a state of rest, pain may appear. Especially often this happens in the evening.

Polyostoarthritis can be primary or secondary. In this case, the nature of the pain and their pathogenesis may differ.

Primary osteoarthritis (genuine) occurs due to increased physical exertion, affecting previously healthy joint tissues.

Secondary osteoarthritis develops due to internal problems in the body: endocrine, vascular disorders or as a result of injuries.

The main clinical manifestations of osteoarthritis of the knee joints include:

• joint pain in the standing and walking position, which may increase by evening;
• pain at the beginning of walking stronger, gradually a person "pacing
• movements of the joints are partially limited;
• there is a feeling of a "blocked joint".

Often the diagnosis is made more difficult by the fact that the clinical manifestations and the results of the radiograph do not match. So, with mechanical pains, there can be no traces of changes in the picture.

If the diagnosis is difficult, additional imaging may be required, following which it will be possible to detect the presence of cystic neoplasms, osteosclerosis, the degree of osteophytosis, ligament damage and muscles

In some cases, the processes of changing the cartilage can be seen as a result of a contrast X-ray. The most accurate method for detecting disturbances in metabolic processes in articular tissues is the scintigraphy of articular surfaces.

Features of treatment and basic methods

To prevent further development of the disease after its detection, medication and non-medicamentous treatment is prescribed. Often to enhance the effect of treatment, folk methods are additionally applied.

First of all, for effective treatment it is necessary to reduce the load on the affected joints. The main methods of treatment are chosen depending on the causes that caused the disease.

Most often, high efficiency in the treatment of polyosteoarthrosis is provided by physiotherapeutic procedures. Often the cause of increased stress on joints (especially on the hip, ankle and knee) is overweight.

In this case, a diet is mandatory.

Medication

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The main group of drugs to reduce pain in the joints - analgesics.

They are prescribed practically in all cases in the absence of allergy in the patient.

The dosage and the desired drug from this group is determined directly by the doctor, who at the same time takes into account a number of factors:

• individual features of the organism;
• stage of the development of the disease and the severity of pain;
• localization of polyostoarthrosis.

Chondroprotectors are necessarily prescribed for the renewal and improvement of cartilage tissue nutrition. Preparations of this group play an important role in complex treatment.

Non-drug treatment

Essential relief to the patient can be brought by physiotherapeutic procedures:

• laser;
• shock-wave;
• electrophoresis;
• magnetotherapy;
• phonophoresis;
• stimulation of muscles by electrical impulses;
• local cryotherapy.

The use of these techniques can remove the inflammatory process in the joint and periarticular tissues, and also significantly alleviate the pain.

LFK is often prescribed for the treatment of a disease

The performance of medical exercises must first be under the supervision of a specialist. This will allow the patient to learn a set of therapeutic exercises and learn how to perform them correctly, so as not to create an unacceptable level of stress on the joints.

The most important method of prevention is to control your own weight. People with a hereditary predisposition to the disease must lead a certain way of life. First of all it is required to adhere to the following principles:

• diet, excluding high calorie foods;
• joint training, involving alternation of exercise and relaxation;
• try not to stick to the same posture for a long time;
• to practice swimming and perform gymnastic exercises for preventive purposes.

Treatment of polyosteoarthrosis with the help of folk remedies can be most effective. From herbs and plants you can prepare ointments and balms for the joints.

A good effect is garlic oil for joints, tinctures on lilac and horse chestnut, herbal teas that promote the activation of metabolic processes in the human body.

A source: http://MoyaSpina.ru/bolezni/osobennosti-poliosteoartroza-sustavov