At what pressure is prescribed Captopril: instructions for use

Captopril tablets that help against high blood pressure are one of those universal remedies that are useful to have in a home medicine chest.

This drug can be taken regularly to maintain the blood pressure in the normal way, and it is possible (most often so) for an emergency decrease in blood pressure at home. However, it should only be taken as prescribed by the doctor, since the dosage of the drug varies greatly, and improper administration can seriously harm your health

On this page you will find all information about Captopril: the full instruction on how to apply this drug medium, average prices in pharmacies, complete and incomplete analogs of the drug, as well as reviews of people who have already applied Captopril. Want to leave your opinion? Please write in the comments.

Clinical and pharmacological group

ACE inhibitor.

Conditions of leave from pharmacies

It is released on prescription.

Price list

How much does Captopril cost? The average price in pharmacies is at the level of11 rubles.

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Form of issue and composition

Dosage form - tablets (10 pcs. Each). in contour acheikova packing, in a cardboard bundle 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 10 packages).

• Active component is Captopril.
• Additional substances: lactose, anhydrous colloidal silicon dioxide, corn starch, castor hydrogenated oil.

The dosage depends on the manufacturer. Allowable dosage: 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg.

Pharmacological effect

The antihypertensive effect of the drug is based on competitive inhibition of ACE activity, as a result which reduces the rate of conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II and eliminates its vasoconstrictor act.

Due to the vasodilating action of Captopril, the overall peripheral vascular resistance decreases, the wedging pressure in the pulmonary capillaries, as well as the resistance in the pulmonary vessels. The tolerance to exercise and the minute volume of the heart are also increased.

With prolonged use, captopril reduces the severity of myocardial hypertrophy and artery walls. The drug improves the blood supply to the myocardium affected by ischemic disease, and reduces platelet aggregation.

Indications for use

At what pressure do you designate? Captopril is used in the treatment of hypertension (ie, high blood pressure). It relaxes the blood vessels, they expand and thereby prevent the occurrence of a stroke and heart attack. It is also used in the rehabilitation of patients after a heart attack, to protect the kidneys in diabetes mellitus and in combination with other drugs with constant heart failure.

The drug has a number of advantages: it has antioxidant properties, reduces the incidence of cancer, has a low cost, is safe when treating patients of senile age, has high efficiency and lowers arterial pressure not worse than other drugs from hypertension.

Contraindications

The drug has certain contraindications:

1. Arterial hypotension;
2. Cardiogenic shock;
3. Pregnancy;
4. Lactation;
5. Pronounced violations of the liver;
6. Mitral stenosis, stenosis of the aortic aorta and other pathologies that prevent the outflow of blood from the left ventricle of the heart;
7. Age under 18 years (due to lack of data on the safety and efficacy of patients in this age group);
8. Hypersensitivity to captopril, any auxiliary component of the drug, or other ACE inhibitors;
9. Angioedema (including hereditary) in the anamnesis, incl. The development after application of other ACE inhibitors;
10. Severe renal dysfunction, hyperkalemia, azotemia, bilateral stenosis of the renal arteries or stenosis single kidney with progressive azotemia, primary hyperaldosteronism, post-transplant condition kidney.

Under constant supervision during treatment should be elderly people who are on hemodialysis, patients who adhere to a diet with a restriction sodium consumption, as well as patients diagnosed with severe autoimmune diseases (including systemic lupus erythematosus and scleroderma), ischemia cerebral, ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, oppression of bone marrow circulation and conditions accompanied by a decrease in BCC (including diarrhea and / or vomiting).

In patients with chronic heart failure, captopril is used under close medical supervision.

Application in pregnancy and lactation

The drug is contraindicated for use during pregnancy and during breastfeeding.

In case of pregnancy, taking Captopril should be stopped immediately.

Instructions for use

The instructions for use indicate that Captopril is prescribed an hour before meals. The dosage regimen is set individually. To ensure the following dosage regimen, it is possible to use the drug in dosage form: tablets of 12.5 mg.

1. For the treatment of chronic heart failureCaptopril is prescribed in cases where the use of diuretics does not provide an adequate effect. The initial dose is 6.25 mg 2-3 times / day, which is then gradually (with an interval of at least 2 weeks) increase. The average maintenance dose is 25 mg 2-3 times / day. In the future, if necessary, the dose gradually (with an interval of at least 2 weeks) is increased. The maximum dose is 150 mg / day.
2. With arterial hypertensionappoint an initial dose of 25 mg 2 times / day. If necessary, the dose gradually (with an interval of 2-4 weeks) is increased to achieve the optimal effect. With mild or moderate arterial hypertension, the usual maintenance dose is 25 mg 2 times / day; the maximum dose is 50 mg 2 times / day. With severe arterial hypertension, the maximum dose is 50 mg 3 times / day. The maximum daily dose is 150 mg.

People with impaired renal function: with a moderate degree of renal dysfunction (KK not less than 30 ml / min / 1.73 m2) captopril can be administered at a dose of 75-100 mg / day. With a more pronounced degree of renal dysfunction (CC less than 30 ml / min / 1.73 m2), the initial dose should not exceed 12.5-25 mg / day; at further, if necessary, with sufficiently long intervals, the dose of captopril is gradually increased, but using a smaller, than usual, daily dose preparation.

• In the elderly, the dose is selected individually, it is recommended to start therapy with a dose of 6.25 mg 2 times / day and, if possible, maintain it at this level.

If necessary, additionally prescribed loop diuretics, and not diuretics thiazide series.

Side effects

The use of captopril can cause side effects:

1. Dermatological reactions: rash, skin itches, hypersensitivity to light.
2. From the cardiovascular system: excessive lowering of blood pressure, tachycardia (increased heart rate), swelling of the legs.
3. On the part of the respiratory system: dry cough, which occurs after withdrawal of the drug, and very rarely bronchospasm and pulmonary edema.
4. Orthostatic hypotension - a sharp drop in blood pressure, when the patient rises from a lying or sitting position. It shows dizziness, and even even fainting.
5. From the side of the central nervous system: dizziness, headache, ataxia (coordination disorder movements), sensitivity disorders of the limbs, drowsiness, visual impairment, feeling of chronic fatigue.
6. From the gastrointestinal tract, liver, pancreas: a violation of taste, dry mouth, inflammation of the mucosa mouth, nausea, weak appetite, rarely - diarrhea, abdominal pain, increased activity of hepatic transaminases (enzymes), increased bilirubin, hepatitis.

On the part of the hematopoiesis system (very rarely):

• thrombocytopenia - decrease in the number of platelets;
• neutropenia - a reduced amount of neutrophils;
• anemia - reduction of hemoglobin in erythrocytes;
• agranulocytosis - absence or sharp decrease in the content of granulocytes in the blood.

Laboratory indicators:

• hyponatremia - sodium deficiency in the blood;
• hyperkalemia - elevated levels of potassium in the blood;
• acidosis - a change in the acid-base balance towards increasing acidity.

Overdose

In case of an overdose, there is a marked decrease in blood pressure. There is a risk of collapse, myocardial infarction, acute cerebrovascular accident, thromboembolic complications.

In this case, it is required to lay the patient, to raise his lower limbs. It is necessary to restore blood pressure and conduct symptomatic therapy. Sometimes you need hemodialysis.

special instructions

Before you start taking Captopril tablets, you should read the instructions for the drug, which lists special instructions.

1. It is desirable to conduct periodic laboratory monitoring of the number of leukocytes in the blood, their determination usually occurs every 14 days during the first 3 months from the start of the course of treatment, then every 2 month.
2. To reduce the risk of a sharp decrease in pressure when starting the use of Captopril, it is necessary for 4 to 7 days before the first pill taking, to cancel diuretics or to reduce their dosage in 2 - 3 times. If after taking Captopril the blood pressure drops sharply, that is, hypotension develops, then you should lie on your back on a horizontal surface and lift your legs up to make them higher head. In this position, you need to lie down for 30 - 60 minutes. If the hypotonia is severe, then for its rapid elimination it is possible to introduce intravenously an ordinary sterile physiological solution.
3. When developing angioedema, the drug should be discontinued and the doctor should be urgently consulted. For edema with localization on the face, usually, special treatment is not required, except for taking antihistamines to reduce the severity of symptoms. If there is a threat of development of airway obstruction (swelling of the tongue, throat or larynx), subcutaneously inject, ml epinephrine (adrenaline) in the proportion: 000.
4. With caution, especially against a background of impaired renal function, captopril is prescribed in combination with immunosuppressants (including cyclophosphamide, azathioprine), allopurinol or procainamide, patients with systemic vasculitis or diffuse pathologies connective tissue. To prevent serious complications, before the application, for the first 3 months (1 time in 2 weeks) and periodically during the entire period of the drug's use, it is necessary to monitor the peripheral blood.

Patients whose activities are associated with the need for rapid concentration of attention and quick response (vehicle drivers, operators, etc.), be careful when treating the drug.

Drug Interactions

1. With the simultaneous use of lithium salts, it is possible to increase the concentration of lithium in the blood serum.
2. The hypotensive effect of captopril may reduce estrogen (sodium retention).
3. The hypotensive effect of captopril can be slowed down when administered to patients receiving clonidine.
4. Diuretics and vasodilators (eg, minoxidil) potentiate the hypotensive effect of captopril.
5. Simultaneous use with potassium-sparing diuretics or with potassium preparations can lead to hyperkalemia.
6. The use of captopril in patients taking immunosuppressants (eg, cyclophosphacin or azathioprine) increases the risk of hematological disorders.
7. With the simultaneous use of ACE inhibitors and gold preparations (sodium aurotyomalate), a symptom complex is described, including facial hyperemia, nausea, vomiting and a decrease in blood pressure.
8. The use of captopril in patients taking allopurinol or procainamide increases the risk of developing neutropenia and / or Stevens-Johnson syndrome.
9. Simultaneous use of insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs increases the risk of developing hypoglycemia.
10. With the combined use of captopril with indomethacin (and, possibly, with other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)), a decrease in hypotensive effect may be noted.

Reviews

We picked up some feedback from people about the drug Captopril:

1. Artem.The medicine is really an emergency. I keep always at hand in the medicine cabinet, although it also causes my headaches (a variant of pain with the expansion of blood vessels). Once dozed off with a pill between his teeth and cheek. The drug has eaten mucous. People with gastrointestinal problems should always remember the aggressive action of this medicine, to become aspirin, and take cautiously (about this feature captopril doctors know, but are silent also, how to hide the use of nicotinic acid in cigarettes).
2. Svetlana. I have been suffering a lot of pressure for a month... I just did not try it. Today, a friend accidentally suggested Captopril to drink... I'm happy with the result. The headaches disappeared immediately and the pressure returned to normal ...
3. Sasha. My colleague takes this drug for a long time to reduce pressure. But I understand that it does not help much anymore. Either got used to it, or something more is needed. She does not want to go to the doctor, she is skeptical about them. That's suffering this garbage because of its adherence to principles. In addition, she developed cough from captopril, they say this is often a side effect.

Reviews of Captopril on the Internet indicate the high effectiveness of this drug (especially in emergency cases). At the same time, many users note the appearance of such a side effect as a dry cough.

Analogues

Analogues of the drug for the active substance - Kapoten, Kaptopres, Alcodil. These medicines contain the same active substance - captopril.

Before using analogues, consult your doctor.

Capotene or Captopril?

They are synonyms because they contain the same active substance. This means that both drugs have the same mechanism and spectrum of action, side effects and rules of application. Moreover, the quality of both drugs is comparable, so you can choose any medicine that, for some subjective reasons, more like a person.

Storage conditions and shelf life

Keep out of reach of children, dry place at temperatures up to 30 ° C.

Shelf life - 3 years.

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