Types and causes of bursitis of the shoulder joint

Bursitis of the shoulder joint is called the inflammatory process, which develops in the synovial bag and is often accompanied by a defeat of the tendons. Normally, the fluid filling the periarticular bag reduces friction between the surfaces of the bones, thereby providing motor activity.

This is a common disease, to which people are more exposed, whose professional activities is associated with a constant increased load on the joints: athletes, builders of various specialties, loaders.

Causes of Shoulder Bursitis

Separately, the preconditions for the development of humerus bursitis and the causes of the disease are singled out.

Prerequisites for development

The increased risk of the disease is due to anatomical features of the structure, which include:

• low congruence (compatibility of the articular cavity and the head of the humerus);
• a weak development of the ligamentous apparatus (the joint is strengthened only by the muscles of the shoulder girdle);
• weakness of the synovial bag (the periarticular shoulder bag is too thin and elastic, which greatly increases the risk of dislocations and micro-injuries).

Immediate causes of the disease

The disease can develop as a result of:

• various shoulder injuries - sprains, cuts, bruises, wounds;
• long and significant overloads associated with professional activities;
• inflammatory joint diseases (arthritis, tendonitis);
• metabolic disorders (diabetes, obesity, gout);
• diseases of allergic or autoimmune nature (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatism);
• chronic intoxication of the body as a result of professional activity, smoking for a long time, alcoholism;
• disease of infectious nature, which can cause purulent bursitis;
• chronic static stress.

General clinical manifestations of various forms of the disease

The inflammatory process that occurs in the joint capsule as a result of exposure to one of the direct causes of the disease, leads to an increased synthesis of exudate (a liquid that fills).

Excessive accumulation of fluid causes the following clinical manifestations:

• the appearance of pain, aggravated by movement;
• limitation of motor activity;
• swelling of the soft tissues of the shoulder;
• local hyperthermia (fever) and hyperemia (redness);
• numbness of the skin.

Types of bursitis

Depending on the reasons,it is possible to distinguish traumatic, allergic, purulent, specific bursitis.By duration and flow characteristicsyou can talk about an acute or chronic process.

In the place of localization and type of lesion, there are:

1. Subacromial humerus- the inflammation is localized in the subacromial synovial bag, the causes of its development are infection, trauma or mechanical irritation of the joint due to constantly repeated movements. The main symptom is the pain that appears when the hand is raised. Weakness and muscular dystrophy is not observed.
2. ABOUTsubcoracoidal and subfertiform bursitissay, when not all the surface of the bag is affected, but a certain part of it or a specific tissue of the bursa (subcoracoidal). Clinical manifestations depend on the form of the disease - purulent, acute, chronic.
3. Lime- characterized by a long-latent chronic course, the inflammatory process is localized in the bag and synovial membrane of the joint. With this form of disease, there is a presence of calcareous deposits. In therapy, the main role is played by diet and physiotherapy.
4. Ossifying- a form of the disease that develops due to untimely or inadequate treatment, while in the bag can form calcium deposits.
5. With multiple calcification deposits,calculus form. Diagnosis of this form of the disease can be done with the help of radiography, and it can be cured only in an operative way.

LFK for treatment

Exercises from a special complex will help normalize or restore the functioning of the joint after treatment of the disease.

To maximize the effect of the exercises, the following rules must be adhered to:

1. Before the appointment of medical gymnastics, anti-inflammatory therapy is mandatory.
2. The complex itself is selected individually and the first few times performed under the supervision of a specialist.
3. All exercises are carried out gently and smoothly, avoid sudden and abrupt movements.
4. When there is pain, gymnastics should be stopped, a little rest and not allow more stress, which led to pain.
5. The effectiveness of performing therapeutic exercises should be evaluated by a doctor.

The positive effect of the treatment is massage.

For the appointment of effective therapy, you need to see a doctor, self-medication can lead to a significant deterioration of the situation. Use popular methods of treatment of this disease can be used as a concomitant therapy after consulting a specialist.