Demodecosis: what is this and how to treat a person?

Demodekoz - skin disease, which is exacerbated in humans mostly in the fall, after the summer heat.It is at this time that the facial skin, after receiving a fair portion of UV irradiation, loses local immunity and the ability to repel attacks of parasites. A person with an exacerbation of demodicosis on his face reminds a teenager suffering from acne, but this disease has a completely different nature. What is demodectic eye, its symptoms and treatment are described in this article.

Definition of disease

Demodekoz is a dermatological disease, the causative agent of which is the small mite Demodex. This parasite is a representative of the conditionally pathogenic microflora on the skin, which is constantly present in the hair follicles, glands of the eyelids and in the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands.

The disease is activated in the event that the immune defense of the body decreases (sometimes there is even a violation of immunity in a small area of ​​the skin).As soon as this happens, the mite penetrates into the deep layers of the skin and begins its parasitic activity there.

The disease is chronic, it can not be completely cured, but with proper treatment and observance of all recommendations, you can achieve a long-term remission.

Demodekoz (one form is also called "rosacea") is most often in women, because their blood vessels are more sensitive to various stimuli. Demodekoz affects women most often between the ages of 30 and 50, especially during the approach to menopause.

Types and Classifications

The causative agents of the disease in question are Demodex mites.Found this parasite in 1841, the German physiologists in purulent formations and in the secretion of the auricles. This variety is called follicular long ticks. In 1963, the Soviet dermatologist L.Kh. Akbulatova described a short tick-borne parasite that hides in the secretion of the sebaceous glands. Both representatives peacefully coexist on the skin, and man is the carrier of two varieties of the parasite.

The main localization of ticks:

• Facial nasolabial folds;
• The outer edge of the eyelid;
• Secretion of the sebaceous glands of the chin;
• Sulfur of the auricles;
• Follicles of hair follicles;
• Greasy gland;
• Protocols of the cartilaginous tissue of the century.

Only mites leave their mites when they are mating. The cycle of development of this parasite is 2 weeks.When the ducts and follicles are closed, active reproduction takes place inside the shelters, which causes on the skin inflammatory processes and acne.

Depending on the symptomatology, four forms of demodicosis are indicated:

• Papular form(causes acne pinkish or red);
• Pustular or pustular form(there is a pustular rash on the skin of the face and head);
• Erythematous form(it is characterized by redness);
• Combined demodectic form(the most dangerous and requires immediate treatment).

There are several types of demodechosis depending on its location:

1. Demodecosis of the skin;
2. Demodectic eyes;
3. Demodecosis of the auricles.

Causes

Typical localization of demodex is the skin of the face and head, since here the largest number of sebaceous glands are concentrated, the products of which feed on the tick.

The main factors predisposing to demodicosis are:

• Decreased local immunity of the skin;
• Disorders in the production of sebum;
• Change in the composition of sebum;
• The presence of concomitant skin diseases, accompanied by increased sebum (for example, seborrhea) and pustular lesions.

Often, people with normal immunity themselves provoke a flash of demodicosis, trying to squeeze out pimples, pustules, acne and other formations.These manipulations create favorable conditions for the penetration of the tick into the deeper layers of the skin and for spreading the parasite by hand.

To contribute to the development of the pathological process in the skin can also factors such as:

• Prolonged intake of certain medications (eg, antibiotics or steroid hormones);
• Use of substandard cosmetics;
• Malnutrition (abuse of salt, spices, spices, predominance of carbohydrate foods in the diet);
• Bad habits.

Transmission of the causative agent of demodicosis from person to person is possible with close physical contact, however the first symptoms of the disease can arise only with a significant increase in the number of mites (more than 30 pieces in one sebaceous gland), as well as in the presence of predisposing factors.

A person suffering from demodicosis is not dangerous to others. It should also be noted that ticks living on the skin of animals do not cause demodicosis in humans.

Symptoms

The main symptoms of demodectic eczema are:

• Excessive eye fatigue;
• Edema of the eyelids;
• Itching;
• The defeat of the eyelids;
• Appearance of scales in the area around the eyelashes.

The signs of demodectic face include:

• Rashes on the face;
• The appearance of acne, rosacea, pustules on the face. In advanced cases, acne and acne can cover even the skin of the thighs;
• Reddish spots on the face;
• Formation of tubercles, "scar tissue" on the skin;
• Gray skin color;
• Expansion of pores;
• Greasy shine on the skin of the face;
• Increase in the size of the nose, the surface of which often becomes bumpy, with a bluish tinge;
• Itching of the scalp;
• Hair loss, baldness;
• Itching and loss of eyelashes;
• Itching of the auricles.

Possible complications

If there is no timely competent treatment, demodicosis can lead to unpleasant complications.Trying to get rid of rashes by squeezing leads to the spread of purulent infection, involvement in the pathological process of other parts of the body, as well as the attachment of other infections.

Consequences of demodicosis:

• Various dermatological diseases;
• Acne (inflammatory diseases of sebaceous glands and hair follicles);
• Chronic inflammatory processes on the face, for example, rosacea;
• Perioral dermatitis (chronic rashes around the mouth);
• Seborrheic dermatitis (increased secretion of sebum);
• Ophthalmic diseases: blepharitis is a lesion of the eyelids, which leads to keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, uveitis, etc.

Diagnostics

At the initial stage, demodicosis can be diagnosed after examination. To make an accurate diagnosis, you need to take a scraping of the skin from the patient and make his analysis.

Treatment

Treatment of demodicosis is a long process, involving the use of a wide variety of techniques.

Medicines

In traditional medicine for the conservative treatment of demodicosis, several types of medications are used.Doctors recommend patients receiving antibacterial means for washing, the use of ointments and special aerosols, as well as vitamin complexes.

Drug treatment, as a rule, consists in prescribing drugs from the metronidazole group, such as:

• Trichopol;
• Clion;
• Flagel.

"Flagil" is used for demodicosis

These drugs can lead to the death of subcutaneous mites.Treatment lasts at least 4 weeks. During this period, the body receives a large number of drugs, which can adversely affect the activity of the liver and kidneys. That is why the treatment should be controlled by a doctor who during the treatment period should prescribe blood tests.

External therapy of demodicosis can last up to 6 months and consists of the use of such ointments as:

• Metronidazole;
• Benzyl benzoate;
• Permitrin;
• Amitrazole;
• Chinkichthiol Ointment;
• Sulfur, yellow, mercury and other ointments;
• Cream-gel Dexodem Fito;
• Pharmacy chatterers, which are manufactured by pharmacists on prescription.

Serum ointment with demodectic

Means for the treatment of demodicosis, containing alcohol, can not be used for a long time. They contribute to the death of ticks, but with prolonged use, the skin is dried. This increases the production of sebum, which leads to a new outbreak of the disease.

Itching edges of the eyelids are treated with Carbociol solution or gel or drops of Pilocarpine.

In case of damage to the eyelids or eyes, the dermatologist prescribes eye drops from the group of holinomimetics. If the disease is accompanied by dry eye syndrome, artificial tear preparations are used. You can also treat the eyelids tincture of wormwood on alcohol.

Pilocartin is used in the treatment of demodectic

Cosmetic procedures

Treatment must include cosmetic procedures that help protect the epidermis from damage.

Dermatocosmetologists recommend the following procedures:

• Electrophoresis with special means. The activity of mites under the influence of electric current is markedly reduced.
• Microdermabrasion (mechanical skin cleaning).
• Acid peeling (to avoid the repeated manifestation of demodectic symptoms).

Acid peeling with demodicosis

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapeutic methods of treatment will also help to affect the mites and lead to their defeat.These include:

• Magnetotherapy;
• Ozone therapy;
• Massage of affected areas;
• Cryotherapy.

Conducting face cryotherapy with demodicosis

Health food

A major role in the treatment is played by a diet that, in tandem with complex treatment, will reduce the manifestations of the disease.

An improper diet provokes active multiplication of ticks in the human body.

When skin lesions with demodicosis are not recommended:

• Salty, smoked and spicy dishes.
• Sweet foods and dishes. Glucose is a good feed for ticks.
• Citrus fruits and honey (can enhance the allergic manifestation of the disease).

What foods and dishes will be especially useful in demodicosis?

• Sour-milk: yoghurt, ryazhenka, cottage cheese;
• Cereal products;
• Liquid: water, teas without sugar, juices (with demodekoze it is necessary to significantly strengthen the drinking regime).

Diet under demodicosis is not a basic method of treatment, but at the same time contributes to the cleansing of the body and disrupts the vital activity of microorganisms.

Folk remedies

There are effective folk remedies that will help get rid of demodectic. Further - several recipes of folk remedies.

• Therapeutic herbal collection.Mix the crushed grass of the turn, leaves of mint, nettle and wormwood. Pour the mixture with boiling water and leave for about an hour. Ready to infuse, strain and take for 5 weeks 3 times a day.
• Mask of grated apples and horseradish.It must be applied to the face and held for 20 minutes.
• A mixture of lemon juice, alcohol and salt.Wipe eyelids daily.
• Healing infusion:mix the dried flowers of calendula, St. John's wort and violets with leaves of plantain and mint, pour boiling water and strain after half an hour. Take 3 times a day.
• Ointment from demodicosis:mix olive oil, birch tar and solidol. Periodically treat her skin.
• If itching in the ears periodically rub thema solution of apple cider vinegar. You can also make lotions on the affected eyelids from a weak vinegar solution. Compresses made from aloe juice will also help in treatment.

The treatment of demodicosis is handled by a dermatologist along with an immunologist and a nutritionist. These experts will advise how to eliminate the risk factors of the disease. In addition, you can contact the beautician.

Prevention

Measures of general prevention:

• Maintenance of immunity at the proper level;
• Normalization of nutrition;
• Timely contact with a doctor;
• Treatment of digestive organs;
• Combating dust in the room;
• Observance of personal hygiene.

Special measures:

• The use of the eye polycarpine gel in the spring-summer period;
• Use of creams for make-up with extracts of Echinacea and aloe.
• Restriction of bath and tanning beds.

Video

conclusions

Treatment of demodicosis in humans - an uneasy and long-lasting exercise. It takes a lot of patience and compliance with all the recommendations of groups of doctors working with the patient.The main thing is not to try to eliminate acne yourself.This will only complicate the treatment. To get rid of demodicosis will help complex treatment, including the methods presented above in the article.

Also read why the papillomas and miliums on the face are formed, and how they are related to demodicosis.