Antibiotics for colds for children list

Children's antibiotic: list and description of drugs

Antibiotics began to be used for a long time and basically when simple medications can not help. Many doctors, if a child has more than three days of fever, immediately appoint them to avoid complications.

Miracle medicine

The penicillin, created in 1928, became a panacea for a multitude of fatal diseases at the time. The one who opened it, Fleming deservedly received the Nobel Prize, and the consequences of the experiments connected with it, gave impetus to the use of antibiotics in medicine. Anthrax, blood poisoning, maternal fever and other illnesses, which previously ended in a lethal outcome, were successfully treated.

Today antibiotics are used very often, and their manufacturers promise the maximum effect and safety of use. However, the negative consequences of such a strong tool, of course, exist, so you can not use it all. Especially dangerous is the misuse of antibiotic drugs for a child.

What it is?

An antibiotic is a substance excreted by the body and modernized by humans to destroy harmful microorganisms. The main purpose of this medication is to fight against bacteria and fungal diseases.

Antibiotics can be of both natural and synthetic origin, depending on their purpose. The first can be produced by the same bacteria or fungi. The most famous of them are streptomycin, penicillin and tetracycline. For medical purposes, attempts are being made to modernize natural antibiotics, making them more effective and less harmful to the human body. Bright examples of such synthetic drugs are doxycycline and metacyclin. Mostly, children's antibiotics are produced in suspension or in tablets.

How does it work?

Each antibiotic has its own unique spectrum of action. Always carefully study the instructions of the drug or follow the recommendations of the doctor. Penicillin will not save from dysentery, but it will help with streptococci, and polymyxin will be useless in gonococci, but it is fatal for E. coli.

There are antibiotics, the harmful effect of which extends to many different organisms. These are so-called wide-spectrum drugs, to which levomycetin belongs. Children's broad-spectrum antibiotic has a number of negative consequences for the body. Therefore, it is worth using more gentle means.

The action of antibiotics is also different. There are two well-known mechanisms of action. It is bactericidal and bacteriostatic. Antibiotics with bactericidal action destroy harmful microorganisms, destroying their cellular structures. Bacteriostatic mechanism is that the drug prevents the reproduction of microbes, allowing the immune system to destroy organisms on its own.

When is an antibiotic useless?

Contrary to stereotypes, antibiotics are not saved from viruses. Therefore, with ARVI, flu or bronchitis they are not prescribed. Thus, a child's antibiotic for colds is extremely rare. Also, these drugs do not stabilize body temperature. For example, to have a doctor prescribe an antibiotic for children, the sore throat should be at a stage when the body's strengths can not cope on their own.

It should be added that antimicrobial drugs are not used for the purpose of prevention and will not insure the child from the development of complications. They in no way prevent the penetration of harmful bacteria into the child's body, and, given the possibility of negative reactions to their use, can only aggravate the situation. The only reason that an antibiotic can be prescribed by a doctor for prevention is a recent operation.

When should I take it?

There are a number of diseases in which a child's antibiotic should be used. For children older than 3 years, use in otitis media (inflammation of the middle ear), tonsillitis (angina), pneumonia (pneumonia) and sinusitis (sinusitis) is acceptable.

Children's antibiotics from cough are prescribed only if it is caused by bacterial infections. After a medical examination, the doctor, depending on the diagnosis, prescribes this or that drug.

Children's antibiotics with angina and otitis are prescribed in acute form of the disease caused by streptococci. The most commonly used penicillins: "Augmentin "Ampicillin" and others. These antibiotics have a low level of toxicity, so they are often used in pediatrics.

With bronchitis and pneumonia, cephalosporins are prescribed that have a good bactericidal effect. And with chlamydia and Escherichia coli fluoroquinolones are used, which are currently the most non-toxic antibiotics (Tavanik Tsifran Tsiprolet).

There are also a number of drugs banned for children: Pefloxacin, Ofloxacin, Tetracycline and others.

List of most popular antibiotics for newborns

Bronchitis and pneumonia in newborns are treated with the following drugs: "Amoxicillin" Flemoxin solute Augmentin ".

For various ENT diseases, certain children's antibiotics are used. Their names are the following: "Cefuroxime aksetil "Zinatsef "Zinnat aksetin".

Rules of admission

To ensure that during the treatment of antibiotic child gave positive results, you need to follow the rules of taking the drug:

1. Antimicrobials should not be used without the advice of a doctor. Parents engaged in self-treatment with an antibiotic can not only harm the child, exacerbating the disease, but also worsen the resistance of the child's organism to others diseases.
2. Using an antibiotic for children, it is important to remember the age restrictions of some drugs. "Tetracycline, for example, can be consumed only from the age of 8.
3. If a child took an antibiotic for a long time, and then fell ill again, you need to use the analogue of the previous drug.
4. Dosage should not exceed or be less than the dose prescribed by the doctor or specified in the instructions.
5. The child should take the drug for a strictly defined period. If to him at any moment it became better - this is not an excuse to give up the child's antibiotic. Premature stopping of treatment can provoke damage to the heart and kidneys, as well as the emergence of bacteria that are resistant to the disease.
6. The most simple and least traumatic way to take a child's antibiotic is oral. However, in some cases it is recommended to give injections, because then the drug starts to act faster. Some antibiotics are not absorbed by the intestine or destroyed in the stomach, and therefore they can only be stuck.

Negative consequences of application

After a long reception of a certain antibiotic, the bacteria begin to adapt. They become less susceptible to this method of treatment and more resistant to the destructive effect of the drug. It is necessary either to increase the dose or use an analogue. Any repeated use of the same agent increases the likelihood of an allergic reaction.

The doctor can not predict the exact consequences of taking the drug prescribed by him. A child may suffer from an individual intolerance. Children's broad-spectrum antibiotic will help with greater probability, but the consequences can be more severe, for example, dysbacteriosis, a toxic reaction or suppression of immunity.

Summarize and list the antimicrobials that can be used to treat children:

• "Doxycycline
• "Metacycline
• "Augmentin"
• "Ampicillin
• "Tavanik
• "Цифран
• "Tsiprolet
• "Amoxicillin
• "Flemoxin solute
• "Augmentin"
• "Cefuroxime Axetil"
• Zinatsef,
• "Zinnat Aksetin."

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What antibiotics for colds are effective for adults, the child: the list and the names

Antibiotics for colds are prescribed by a doctor in the case when the human body can not independently cope with the infection.

Usually dangerous signals of attack by malignant bacteria is the body temperature rise to a mark more than 38 ° C, as well as a runny nose, reddened throat and other symptoms, often accompanying a cold: inflammation of the mucous eyes, perspiration in the throat, shortness of breath, dry cough, headache, etc. Antibacterial drugs will help cope with bacteria, but appoint their reception should be exclusively a medical specialist, because uncontrolled self-medication with antibiotics can adversely affect the health rights.

Treatment of colds with antibiotics

Antibiotics for colds are necessary in extreme cases, when immunity does not cope with the pathogens that attacked the human body. Many of us, at the first symptoms of a cold, are wondering what antibiotic to take, perceiving it as a miracle cure for all diseases. However, this is a profound misconception, since it is shown to use antiviral drugs to treat influenza and acute respiratory diseases drugs, and only in the case when the patient's condition worsened and the bacterial infection "connected the correctly selected antibiotic. Thus, it is unacceptable to drink an antibiotic at the first sign of a cold!

Treatment of the common cold with antibiotics should be rational, and for this it is necessary to consult an experienced doctor who will determine the severity of the patient's condition and prescribe the antibacterial drug that will be most effective in a particular the case.

Colds (ARVI) can be considered a rather insidious disease, which manifests itself regardless of age, state of human health, as well as weather conditions. Acute respiratory disease is one of the most common diseases worldwide and without complications lasts an average of a week. Usually adults suffer from a cold on average two or three times a year. To date, physicians have more than two hundred viruses that cause inflammation of the respiratory system. It should be noted that the common cold refers to infectious diseases - it can be transmitted by airborne droplets and often affects bronchi, trachea, lungs. The viral infection lives longer in mucus than in air or a dry place. In order to start treatment on time, one should objectively assess the patient's condition. The main symptoms of a cold are:

• inflammation of the lymph nodes, which manifests itself in the form of seals on the back of the neck, behind the ears, under the lower jaw, when pressed, the patient has painful sensations;
• abundant discharge of mucus from the nose (runny nose), stuffy nose, and unusual dryness of its mucosa;
• sore throat, dry cough, hoarse voice;
• redness of the eyes and lacrimation;
• increase in body temperature from 37 to 38.5 ° C;
• indigestion, nausea and vomiting (with rotavirus damage to the body).

The cold never runs asymptomatically, therefore at the first signs of its development it is necessary to consult a doctor to prevent possible complications in time.

For the treatment of a cold, an accurate diagnosis is needed, which will allow you to choose the optimal medicine, i.e. antibiotic. Each group of antibacterial drugs is designed to treat a particular type of bacteria, so an antibiotic is prescribed depending on the lesion. For example, with inflammation of the respiratory tract, it is necessary to choose a drug that effectively fights bacteria that cause inflammatory processes in the respiratory organs: for example, Amoxiclav, Amoxicillin, Augmentin (ie antibiotics of penicillin group). With various respiratory diseases, such as pneumonia, it is necessary to take into account that they are caused by bacteria, most of which are very resistant to penicillin. For this reason, it is best to use Levofloxacin or Avelox to treat this disease. Antibiotics group cephalosporins (Supraks, Zinnat, Zinatsef) will help cure bronchitis, pleurisy, pneumonia, and macrolides (Sumamed, Hemomycin) will cope with atypical pneumonia, which causes chlamydia and mycoplasma.

Treatment for a cold with antibiotics should depend on the category of the disease. In ARVI, first of all, it is necessary to use antiviral drugs, t. they purposefully influence the immunity, strengthening it and helping to cope with the virus attack. Antibiotics with this diagnosis are useless, and this is contraindicated by doctors. The earlier treatment of acute respiratory viral infection with an effective antiviral drug began, the more likely it is to finish it. However, if the cold is caused by a bacterial infection, antibiotics should not be neglected. In this case, it is very important to pay attention in time to the condition of your own organism and to find out the exact cause of the onset of the cold in order to choose the most optimal antibacterial drug. After all, antibiotics should be treated very seriously, because they can not only help, but also harm in case of wrong choice. So, it is necessary to clearly define the limits that determine when antibiotics can be prescribed, and in which cases it is impossible. In our time, indications for antibiotic therapy are:

• purulent tonsillitis (sore throat);
• laryngotracheitis;
• purulent otitis (inflammation of the middle ear);
• suppurative sinusitis (purulent frontitis or sinusitis);
• purulent lymphadenitis;
• pneumonia, pneumonia.

Antibiotics for pregnant women with colds

Antibiotics for colds, as effective medicines, suppressing the growth of pathogens microorganisms, occur only in cases of complications caused by the development in the body of bacterial infection. Their use makes it possible to suppress the growth of not only pathogenic bacteria, but also certain fungi, thereby facilitating the life of a patient with a cold. One should remember the danger of self-treatment with antibacterial agents, especially when it comes to children and pregnant women. In such cases, it is necessary to take antibiotics as responsibly as possible, following only the recommendations and competent appointments of an experienced doctor.

Antibiotics for pregnant women with colds should be chosen in view of their effect on the fetus and only in those extreme cases that do require the use of these drugs. To select the most suitable antibiotic for the treatment of a pregnant woman, you should first determine the causative agent of the disease, as well as to reveal its sensitivity to one or another drug. If it is impossible to conduct such a study, antibiotics of a broad spectrum of action are usually prescribed. The most harmless for the body of the mother and child are the antibiotics of the penicillin series (for example, Ampicillin, Oxacillin, etc.), as well as cephalosporins (eg, Cefazolin) and some macrolides (among them, Erythromycin and Azithromycin). It is these drugs that doctors give preference to when prescribing treatment for pregnant women.

The dosage of an antibiotic for a pregnant woman is determined by a doctor, usually it does not differ from the dosage of the drug for the rest. A future mother should carefully follow the recommendations of the doctor and in no case should not reduce the dose of the medicine, tk. this can provoke the opposite effect: in This situation, the antibiotic will not have such an effective action aimed at the destruction of microbes, and can not completely suppress the bacterial infection.

Be sure to take into account the fact that antibiotics maximize their effectiveness only in the treatment of infectious diseases of bacterial origin. In other cases, they are not able to provide the desired action and can even harm the body. For example, antibacterial drugs will be powerless when:

• ARVI and influenza (in this case, the diseases are caused by viruses, for the destruction of which it is necessary to use antiviral drugs);
• inflammatory processes (antibiotics are not anti-inflammatory drugs);
• elevated temperature (do not confuse the effect of antibiotics with the action of antipyretic and analgesic drugs);
• coughing in pregnant women in those cases if it is caused by a viral infection, an allergic reaction, development of bronchial asthma, but not the action of microorganisms;
• intestinal disorders.

If we consider the impact of antibiotics on the fetus, then according to the results of numerous medical studies, that these drugs do not provoke the development of any birth defects in the child and do not affect his genetic apparatus. But at the same time, some groups of antibacterial drugs have so-called. embryotoxic effect, i.e. can lead to a violation of the function of the kidneys of the fetus, the bookmark of the teeth, affect the auditory nerve, and cause a number of other adverse changes.

Antibiotics for pregnant women with a cold have the most unfavorable effect on the fetus in I trimester of pregnancy, so if there is such a possibility, treatment is recommended to be transferred to II trimester. However, if there is an urgent need for such treatment, the physician should appoint a future mum antibiotics with the lowest degree of toxicity, as well as strictly monitor the condition of the pregnant women.

What antibiotics to drink for a cold?

Antibiotics for colds should be used according to the doctor's recommendations in those cases when the patient's condition indicates the development of complications, such as tonsillitis, purulent sinusitis, pneumonia. However, first of all, with a cold, you need to use proven folk remedies and drink antiviral drugs, the action of which is directed at the destruction of a viral infection. Do not resort to antibiotics if the cause of the disease is not established. It is necessary to weigh all the factors "for" and "against" the intake of antibacterial drugs, taking into account their side effects and possible complications.

What antibiotics to drink with a cold, only the doctor knows, who will determine the degree and type of complications caused by a cold, and then prescribe the antibiotic of the corresponding group:

• Penicillins (Augmentin, Ampicillin, etc.) have a pronounced bactericidal effect and are effective in treating bacterial infections and severe forms of ENT diseases (angina, purulent otitis, sinusitis, pneumonia and etc.). The action of these antibacterial drugs is aimed at destroying the walls of bacteria, which causes their death. A positive feature of penicillins is their low level of toxicity, so they have found wide application in pediatrics.
• Cephalosporins have an active bactericidal action aimed at destroying the bacterial cell membrane. Usually antibiotics of this group are prescribed for the treatment of pleurisy, bronchitis, pneumonia and are injected (intravenously or intramuscularly), only cephalexins are taken orally. They cause less allergic reactions than penicillins, but in rare cases, there are allergic manifestations, as well as disruption of the kidneys.
• Macrolides (azalides and ketolides) have an active bacteriostatic effect and are effective in treating atypical pneumonia. The first macrolide was Erythromycin, which was used by patients with an allergic reaction to penicillins.
• Fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin, etc.) are used to kill gram-negative bacteria (mycoplasma, pneumococcus, chlamydia, E. coli). Quickly penetrating the cells, they hit the microbes that are there. Today they are the most nontoxic antibacterial drugs that do not cause allergies and are safe to use.

To find out what antibiotics to drink in case of a cold in this or that case, you should consult a medical specialist. For example, for the treatment of various infectious and inflammatory diseases in our time often prescribed drug Flemoxin Solutab, containing amoxicillin. In bronchitis, pharyngitis, acute tonsillitis and otitis, pneumonia and a number of other infectious and inflammatory diseases, a Suprapax preparation may be prescribed, the reception of which is necessary To conduct according to the recommendations of the doctor, tk. in the case of uncontrolled treatment of the common cold, this drug may cause adverse reactions in the form of a violation of microflora intestines. This can lead to the development of severe diarrhea or pseudomembranous colitis. An effective antimicrobial is Levomycetin, which is used for infectious diseases. Dosage of the drug and the duration of treatment, as in other cases, should be strictly established by the attending physician.

A good antibiotic for colds

Antibiotics for colds should be used if, after taking antiviral drugs in the early days of the disease, there was no improvement, especially when the patient's condition worsened: this means that, in addition to viruses, the body also attacked bacteria. Such medications are good "helpers" in ridding the human body of toxins and all sorts of pathogens microbes, but the choice of antibiotic in this or that case remains with the doctor, tk. should correspond to the indications and the flow of a specific disease. The fact is that an insufficiently strong antibacterial drug can not cope fully with complications caused by a cold or flu, and an antibiotic of "powerful" action can damage the immune system of the body.

The beginning of the use of antibiotics in medical practice dates back to 1928 and is associated with the name of the Englishman Fleming. It was he who discovered the substance "penicillin capable of leading to the death of many microbes and bacteria, and thereby made a real revolution in medicine, because since then, many previously deadly the diseases became curable: scarlet fever, pneumonia, tuberculosis, pneumonia, and the like. During the Second World War, thanks to antibiotics, doctors managed to save the lives of millions of wounded of people. To this day, these faithful "helpers" help doctors fight for the health of many patients.

A good antibiotic for a cold is a drug that is chosen in accordance with the type and course of the disease. Treatment with antibiotics should be done carefully, after consulting with a doctor who will choose the optimal drug from the four main classes of antibiotics of different action, which have proved to be effective agents in the treatment of various complications caused by bacterial infections. These classes include: penicillins (Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Amoxiclav, Augmentin, etc.); macrolides (Azithromycin, etc.): fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, etc.); cefalosporins (Cefixime, Cefuroxime, Supraks and others).

Before you start taking any medications, it is advisable to try to cope with a mild cold, using methods and recipes of traditional medicine. For example, make inhalations, foot baths, put a compress or mustard plasters. It is necessary to increase the volume of consumed liquid, and also to expand the diet with natural vitamins, i.e. fresh fruits and vegetables. At the first signs of worsening with a cold, you should immediately go to the hospital to prevent the development of complications. In the case when a bacterial infection attacks the body, it becomes necessary to urgently "connect" the antibiotic, because in this situation, in a literal sense, it is about saving a patient's life. The patient should understand that only the attending physician can prescribe an antibacterial drug, and at the same time it is necessary to strictly observe the indicated dosage, as well as the intervals of admission. Self-medication can lead to exposure to human health of significant danger.

Antibiotics for colds can have a number of negative consequences, especially when self-medication is chosen incorrectly. Among such side effects, allergy, GI disorders, dysbacteriosis, and depression of the immune system are most common.

It should also be remembered that it is not recommended to take an antibiotic for more than 5 consecutive days, but also a reduction in the period of antibiotic treatment can lead to the fact that the infection will not be eliminated from the body, and this, in turn, will cause complications in the form of failures in the heart and kidney. If after three days the patient does not feel relief of his condition, it is necessary to ask the doctor about changing the drug to another, more effective. It should also be cautious about combining other drugs with antibiotics, in such cases it is necessary to follow the recommendations of the doctor. In no case should you take an antibiotic, the expiration date of which has expired!

A good antibiotic for colds must give positive results within three days: the patient will feel better, he will have an appetite, and unpleasant symptoms will disappear.

When treating antibiotics, it is important to take care of reducing their negative effects on the body. To this end, the doctor must assign probiotics to the patient - drugs that normalize the intestinal microflora and thereby prevent the development dysbiosis, strengthen immunity, favorably affect the work of internal organs, reducing the possibility of side effects and complications.

Antibiotics for colds for children

Antibiotics for colds should be given with extreme caution to children. Such treatment should be appointed by the attending physician, to which you need to seek advice immediately after the first signs of the disease - the occurrence of a cold in the child, cough, fever. Usually, the temperature above 3 ° C indicates that the immunity of the child tries to get rid of the virus by itself, in this case the doctor prescribes antipyretic agents. If, after 3-5 days, the baby's health does not improve, and the temperature is still high, it is recommended to start reception of the corresponding antibiotic, but only strictly according to the appointment of the pediatrician and with confirmation of the bacterial nature disease.

Antibiotics for colds for children are a serious test for a growing organism, so they should not be used immediately after the onset of symptoms of the disease. If parents believe that taking a "powerful" antibiotic is the only effective method for treating ARVI or ARI is a deep delusion! The effect of antibacterial drugs on the children's body without a special reason can be very negative, and sometimes even devastating. Not to mention the use of antibiotics to treat babies, which in itself is blasphemous. Colds should be treated with antiviral drugs, the result of which usually appears not immediately, but after a 3-5-day period. However, the febrile process in children, which is most often caused by infections of the respiratory tract of the viral type, can fluctuate within 3-7 days, and sometimes even more. It should not be mistaken to believe that antibiotics are an alternative to antitussive drugs, because cough for colds is the protective reaction of the child's organism, which usually occurs last, after the disappearance of the remaining symptoms disease. The question of prescribing the treatment of a child with antibiotics is decided by an experienced pediatrician who will assess the condition of the baby and only in case of emergency will choose the optimal drug. Parents should carefully follow all the recommendations of the doctor, including about the method of taking and dosing an antibacterial drug. It is also important not to discontinue the treatment of the child before the due date.

Some antibiotics for colds for children are strictly prohibited. First and foremost, these drugs are so called. tetracycline group (Tetracyclin, Doxycycline, Minocycline, etc.), which can disrupt the process of formation of a baby tooth enamel, as well as antibacterial drugs fluorinated quinolones, having in their names the ending floxacin" (for example, Ofloxacin, Pefloxacin), which adversely affect the formation of joints in the child cartilage. In pediatrics, also taking Levomycetin, whose action is directed to the development of aplastic anemia (the process of oppression of hematopoiesis), and can lead to a fatal outcome.

Among antibacterial drugs used in pediatrics, you can note Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Levofloxacin, Flemoxin Solutab, Moximak, Zinnat, Avelox, Amoxiclav, etc. The choice of this or that medicine depends entirely on the experience and professionalism of the child a doctor who must determine which antibiotic will be the best assistant and will benefit in treating complications after a cold in each specific case.

So, antibiotics for colds should be used to treat children only in cases of acute need. This will not lead to the desired recovery, but only exacerbate the situation, because the effect of an antibacterial drug can become destructive to the immunity of the baby, which will increase the risk of infection return.

Names of antibiotics for colds

Antibiotics for colds should be selected especially carefully, without resorting to self-medication, and having consulted a doctor who will determine the degree of complications and prescribe the most effective means. In addition, when taking antibiotics should follow these recommendations:

• in the treatment should be used only one, the most effective drug from a certain group;
• if after the first reception of the antibiotic after two days the patient's condition has not improved and the temperature has not decreased, there may be a need to change the drug;
• It is impossible to combine the antibiotic with antipyretic drugs, because they "lubricate" its effect;
• the period of antibiotic treatment should be at least 5 days, or even more. It is this length of treatment that allows the drug to fully cope with the causative agent of the infection;
• In severe cold and complications, the patient should immediately be hospitalized, and antibiotic therapy should be carried out under the supervision of the attending physician.

The names of antibiotics for colds (at least a few of them) are useful to everyone, because, in this way, a person will have at least some idea of ​​the drug that the doctor will appoint. Antibiotics have traditionally been divided into several classes:

• penicillins,
• macrolides,
• fluoroquinolones,
• cephalosporins.

The penicillin class includes such names of antibiotics as Ampicillinum, Augmentin, Amoxicillinum, Amoxiclav, and others.

The most common names for the class of macrolides are Erythromycin, Azithromycin, etc. (such drugs are considered to be the most potent in the treatment of bacterial infection). The antibiotics of the fluoroquinolone class include levofloxacin and moxifloxacin, and to the class of cephalosporins - Aksetil, Cefixim (Supraks), Cefuroxime axetil and others.

The main goal in the treatment of various infectious complications caused by a cold is to assist the body effective assistance aimed at the fastest disposal of pathogens and toxic substances. For treatment to give a quick positive result, you need to make the right choice of antibiotic, and this can only be done by an experienced doctor.

It should be remembered that antibiotics for colds are not so harmless as it may seem, they can cause a number of side effects, especially if they are not used in those cases. For example, many do not understand or simply do not know that only the antiviral can cope with a viral infection of the respiratory tract drug, and begin to use antibiotics immediately when cold symptoms such as a runny nose, cough, increased temperature. This is a great misconception, because improper intake of antibiotics can cause great harm to the already weakened immunity of a person. Such drugs are needed only to treat bacterial infections, the development of which can be caused by complications of the common cold. Usually, antibiotics are prescribed if, after 4-5 days after the onset of the disease, the patient does not experience an improvement in condition or, on the contrary, it becomes worse.

Amoxiclav for colds

Antibiotics for colds should be used purposefully, depending on the condition of the patient and the features of the course of the disease. Among the common drugs used in modern medicine, a separate place is occupied by an effective antibacterial drug Amoxiclav. It has established itself as a reliable tool for treating various complications caused by colds and other adverse factors, in particular, such as the occurrence of infections after surgical operations.

Amoksiklav for colds is successfully used in modern medicine to treat so-called. "Mixed" infections, as well as to prevent possible infection of the patient during surgical intervention. Mixed type of infection is most often caused by gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, as well as by anaerobes (including strains), manifested in chronic forms of otitis, sinusitis and osteomyelitis, cholecystitis, odontogenic infections, aspiration pneumonia, various infections of the abdominal cavity, and the like.

Amoksiklav - a combination of two substances: aminopenicillin, amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, which has a pronounced bactericidal effect. A detailed medical study of the microbiological properties of this preparation gives grounds to state that Amoxiclav due to the combination of the above-mentioned active substances has a depressing effect on the synthesis of bacterial walls and has a stable antibacterial effect on a host of pathogenic microorganisms: Neisseria spp., Streptococcus spp. (different groups), Staphylococcus spp., Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp., Helicobacter pylori, Moraxella catarrhalis, Acinetobacter spp., Haemophilus influenzae and many others. other

Pharmacokinetic properties of Amoxiclav indicate its pronounced advantages in comparison with other penicillins. So, after taking the drug, rapid absorption of components from the digestive tract, regardless of food intake, is observed. The maximum level of drug concentration is reached approximately 45 minutes after admission. The main way to remove the drug from the body is its release together with urine, calves, and exhaled air.

Amoxiclav for colds, due to the pronounced antimicrobial activity and unique pharmacokinetic properties, is used to treat a number of infectious diseases accompanied by inflammatory processes:

• infections of the respiratory system (in particular, acute and chronic sinusitis, bronchitis, zagrug abscess, pneumonia, etc.);
• otitis (both acute and chronic);
• infections of the skin, joints, soft tissues and bones;
• infections of the genitourinary system;
• various kinds of gynecological infections.

As for the side effects that occur when taking Amoxiclav, the drug is generally tolerated by patients normally, without any adverse reactions from the body. As a percentage, only 8-14% of the total number of patients had side effects in the form of abnormal gastrointestinal function (diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting). To avoid such side effects, it is recommended to reduce the dosage of the drug and take it during meals.

Antibiotics for colds are invaluable when there is an urgent need to resist the development of pathogenic microbes and bacterial infections. However, summing up, it is necessary to note again that the reception of antibiotics must be coordinated with a competent medical specialist. This is the only way to achieve high results in the treatment of post-cold complications and to minimize the risk of negative effects of antibacterial agents on human immunity.

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List of antibiotics

Antibiotics are substances that inhibit the growth of living cells or lead to their death. They may have a natural or semi-synthetic origin. They are used to treat infectious diseases caused by the growth of bacteria and harmful microorganisms.

Universal

Antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action - the list:

1. Penicillins.
2. Tetracyclines.
3. Erythromycin.
4. Quinolones.
5. Metronidazole.
6. Vancomycin.
7. Imipenem.
8. Aminoglycoside.
9. Levomycetin (chloramphenicol).
10. Neomycin.
11. Monomycin.
12. Rifamcin.
13. Cephalosporins.
14. Kanamycin.
15. Streptomycin.
16. Ampicillin.
17. Azithromycin.

These drugs are used in cases where it is impossible to accurately identify the causative agent of infection. Their advantage is in a large list of microorganisms sensitive to the active substance. But there is also a disadvantage: in addition to pathogenic bacteria, broad-spectrum antibiotics contribute to the suppression of immunity and the disruption of normal intestinal microflora.

List of strong antibiotics of a new generation with a wide spectrum of action:

1. Cefaclor.
2. Cefamandol.
3. Yunidox Solutab.
4. Cefuroxime.
5. Rulid.
6. Amoxiclav.
7. Cefroxytin.
8. Lincomycin.
9. Cefoperazone.
10. Ceftazidime.
11. Cefotaxime.
12. Latamoksef.
13. Cefixime.
14. Cefpodoxime.
15. Spiramycin.
16. Rovamycin.
17. Clarithromycin.
18. Roxithromycin.
19. Clatid.
20. Sumamed.
21. Fuzidine.
22. Avelox.
23. Moxifloxacin.
24. Ciprofloxacin.

Antibiotics of the new generation are notable for a deeper degree of purification of the active substance. Due to this, drugs have much lower toxicity compared to earlier analogues and cause less harm to the body as a whole.

Narrowed Bronchitis

The list of antibiotics for cough and bronchitis usually does not differ from the list of preparations of a wide spectrum of action. This is because the analysis of sputum is about seven days, and until the causative agent of infection is identified, a remedy with the maximum number of susceptible to it is necessary bacteria.

In addition, recent studies show that in many cases, the use of antibiotics in the treatment of bronchitis is unreasonable. The fact that the appointment of such drugs is effective, if the nature of the disease - bacterial. In the case where the virus became the cause of bronchitis, antibiotics will not have any positive effect.

Frequently used antibiotic drugs for inflammatory processes in the bronchi:

1. Ampicillin.
2. Amoxicillin.
3. Azithromycin.
4. Cefuroxime.
5. Ceflocor.
6. Rovamycin.
7. Cefodox.
8. Lendazin.
9. Ceftriaxone.
10. Macropean.

Angina

List of antibiotics for angina:

1. Penicillin.
2. Amoxicillin.
3. Amoxiclav.
4. Augmentin.
5. Ampiox.
6. Phenoxymethylpenicillin.
7. Oxacillin.
8. Cefradine.
9. Cephalexin.
10. Erythromycin.
11. Spiramycin.
12. Clarithromycin.
13. Azithromycin.
14. Roxithromycin.
15. Josamycin.
16. Tetracycline.
17. Doxycycline.
18. Lidaprim.
19. Biseptol.
20. Bioparox.
21. Inhaliptus.
22. Grammidine.

These antibiotics are effective against angina, caused by bacteria, most often - beta-hemolytic streptococci. As for the disease, the causative agents of which are fungal microorganisms, the list is as follows:

1. Nystatin.
2. LeVorin.
3. Ketoconazole.

Cold and flu (ARI, ARVI)

Antibiotics for common colds are not included in the list of essential medicines, given the rather high toxicity of antibiotic agents and possible side effects. Recommended treatment of antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs, as well as fortifying agents. In any case, you need to get a consultation with the therapist.

Sinusitis

List of antibiotics for sinusitis - in tablets and for injections:

1. Zitrolide.
2. Macropean.
3. Ampicillin.
4. Amoxicillin.
5. Flemoxin solute.
6. Augmentin.
7. Hiconcile.
8. Amoxyl.
9. Gramox.
10. Cephalexin.
11. Tsifran.
12. Sporroid.
13. Rovamycin.
14. Ampiox.
15. Cefotaxime.
16. Wertsef.
17. Cefazolin.
18. Ceftriaxone.
19. Duracef.

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Antibiotics for colds: what you need to know. What antibiotics can be prescribed for colds?

After the doctors started using various antibiotics, the medicine entered a new stage of development. These drugs have unique properties, destroy or slow down the development of dangerous microorganisms, which allows them to be widely used in the treatment of infectious diseases.

Pharmacists are creating more and more medicines, and today it is very difficult to find a family in the medicine cabinet which would not have antibiotics. Some people, getting sick with the flu or ARI, manage to prescribe drugs themselves, causing irreparable harm to health. Can I take antibiotics for a cold? At what diseases it is better to refrain from their use?

Rules and patterns

You should know that antibiotics are not as harmless as it seems at first glance. These drugs can be prescribed only by a doctor, and they must be taken with great care. Especially when antibiotics are used for colds for children. When using any medications, you should carefully read the instructions and be sure to pay attention to the period of their validity.

If you are going to take antibiotics, you should know that they help only with bacterial infections. They will not bring any effect for influenza and ARVI, as these diseases occur in the body due to the vital activity of viruses. Against them antibiotics are powerless.

At high temperature or inflammatory processes, these drugs are also not prescribed. They are not antipyretic agents, so there will be no effect on their intake in case of high temperature.

Antibiotics for colds

Today, many drugs are advertised on TV, but this does not mean that during illness you can assign them yourself. With the question of what antibiotics to take with a cold, you need to go to the doctor, and not to the best friend or mother.

After a complete examination and obtaining the results of the tests, the specialist can prescribe the following drugs:

• macrolides ("Clarithromycin" Azithromycin "Roxithromycin");
• penicillins ("Augmentin" Ampioxus "Amoxiclav");
• cephalosporins ("Cefiprom" Cefotaxime "Cefazolin").

Antibiotics for colds are prescribed according to the type of disease, its severity and other characteristics. When identifying side effects or allergic reactions, the drug can be replaced with another.

Some features of diseases

When a cold (or ARI) occurs, the body is attacked by viruses. There is stuffy nose, throat pershin and blushes, it overcomes the cold. During this period, immunity actively fights disease, there is a temperature and chills.

The best means for treatment at this time are not antibiotics. For flu and cold at the initial stage, antiviral drugs are used. The most common of these are Anaferon, Laferon, Reaferon, drops and candles. To medicines containing natural plant components, include "Proteflazid "Immunoflazid."

When are antibiotics prescribed?

Usually within a week the patient's condition improves. If this did not happen, on the basis of the tests the doctor concludes that a bacterial infection has joined the disease. In this case, antibiotics for colds are prescribed.

This is very important, as the patient's condition can become complicated, and the flu or ARI acquires a dangerous form - it can be pneumonia, acute bronchitis or purulent angina. Only strong antibiotics help the body cope with the attack of bacteria.

In this case it is very important to choose the right drugs. What kind? Antibiotics for colds are appointed, based on bacteriological examination of the patient's sputum. The laboratory, after making an analysis, provides results on the resistance of bacteria to certain drugs.

Having determined the most suitable antibiotics, the doctor appoints them to the patient. If this medicine has an allergy or has side effects, another drug is prescribed. You should know that you can not abruptly cancel the antibiotic. For a cold, an adult person needs to use it for another two to three days. Even after a visible improvement in the general state of therapy, discontinuation is not recommended.

Antibiotics for colds for children

All parents should know that drugs of this category are prescribed to babies in extreme cases and only by an expert. Do not use drugs without consulting a doctor!

The best cold remedies for a child are plenty of drink, febrifuge (in the case of temperatures above 38 degrees) and antiviral syrups.

If the baby's condition does not improve, stronger medications are prescribed. A good antibiotic for colds is "Amoxiclav." It is used for bacterial infection in the respiratory tract. With pneumonia, the drug "Avelox" can be prescribed, with pleura - "Supraks with fungal atypical pneumonia, "Hemomycin" helps. However, remember that the medicine can be prescribed only by the doctor after reviewing the results of the tests!

Strictly contraindicated for children!

Many antibiotics for colds can cause side effects in the child's fledgling body. This can be a decrease in appetite, unstable stool, abdominal pain, nausea, anxiety.

Therefore, there are a number of antibiotics that are not prescribed to children, their use can cause a terrible harm to the health of the child. These include:

• "Levomycetin
• "Ceftriaxone
• aminoglycosides and tetracyclines (contraindicated to children under 8 years old).

Uncontrolled use of these drugs can lead to liver damage, malfunctions in the nervous system, dysbiosis. Some drugs have an irreparable effect on the hearing and can even lead to complete deafness of the child. Cases of toxic shock, and even a lethal outcome, are not uncommon. Therefore, in any case, do not self-medicate and always seek help from a specialist.

Effective drugs with bronchitis

In ARI, you must observe bed rest, take a sufficient amount of warm liquid and try to do everything to make the disease recede. In the event of a deterioration in the general condition, an adult can be given appropriate potent drugs. The name of antibiotics for colds (in the case of bronchitis) will tell the doctor. Often appointed:

• "Macropen
• "Lendacin
• "Rovamycin
• "Azithromycin".

Complication in the form of a sore throat

It is very bad if the patient's condition does not improve within four to six days. Even worse, if the disease takes a dangerous form in the form of purulent sore throat.

The name of antibiotics, if taken cold, in that case will be different. The following preparations are used:

• "Spiramycin
• "Cefradine
• "Oxacillin
• Clarithromycin.

There are many more effective medicines that successfully kill bacteria in the human body. However, they are written out only by a doctor and are taken strictly on the recommendation.

In what cases are antibiotics necessary?

With a mild form of acute respiratory disease, laryngitis, rhinitis, viral tonsillitis, these drugs are not prescribed. Antibiotics for flu and cold can be used only in extreme cases, if there is often recurring diseases, prolonged temperature, as well as patients with oncological diseases or HIV infection.

Strongly active drugs are indicated if:

• Purulent complications of ARI;
• acute otitis media;
• sinusitis of severe form, flowing for more than 14 days;
• streptococcal angina;
• pneumonia.

How to take antibiotics?

For adults, medicines of this group are mainly produced in tablets or capsules, for children - in the form of syrup. The drug is taken internally. Antibiotics for colds should not be combined, preferring monotherapy (the use of a single drug).

Take the medicine in such a way that its maximum concentration falls on the focus of the infection. For example, with the disease of the upper respiratory tract, the antibiotic is administered in the form of aerosols or drops. So the components of the medicine instantly manifest their effect and quickly have an effect.

The effectiveness of the drug is judged by reducing the body temperature within 36-48 hours after its administration. If this does not happen, use another antibiotic. It is not recommended to combine the drug with antipyretics. In severe cases, immediate hospitalization is recommended.

Treatment Scheme

The dosage of the antibiotic depends on the causative agent of the disease, the form of the disease, its severity and the age of the patient. In the case of prescribing the child, its weight is taken into account. With antibiotic therapy of a newborn, the gestation period is taken into account: for a child born on time, and a premature baby, the doses of the drug will be different.

The regimen is strictly observed throughout the course of treatment. Usually, the drug is recommended to take at least 5-10 days. Continue treatment more than the due date is strictly prohibited, as well as self-abolish the drug.

A good antibiotic for colds is able to cope with bacteria in a few days. However, it should be remembered that when combined therapy is not prescribed drugs with a similar composition and action. This can lead to toxic damage to the liver.

Possible side effects

The discharged antibiotic for a cold to an adult person will certainly hurt less than a child. However, this potent drug can cause a number of side effects, such as rash, nausea, vomiting, headaches and other unpleasant symptoms.

If the antibiotic used uncontrolled, it can cause such reactions of the body:

• allergic rashes;
• intestinal dysbiosis;
• resistance of bacteria to a certain type of drugs.

Most often, allergic manifestations occur after taking antibiotics of the penicillin group. If there is a rash or other unpleasant sensations after taking the medicine, it is better to interrupt his reception and see a doctor.

Interaction with other drugs

Combine several medications is undesirable, especially if one of them is an antibiotic. If you are taking any medicine, be sure to tell your doctor. He will choose the best treatment option. But in any case, the antibiotic is taken at a different time and preferably without combining it with other medicines.

Special instructions should be given to women taking hormonal contraceptives. When interacting with certain antibiotics, their effect decreases, which can lead to unwanted pregnancy.

Also, any medications are not recommended for use during lactation. Antibiotics are able to penetrate into the mother's milk and have a negative impact on the baby, causing dysbiosis or allergic rashes. Categorically, you should not take any medication while you are pregnant.

Be attentive!

Our body is populated with many useful bacteria that perform a number of necessary functions. Remember that during the antibiotic intake they are killed simultaneously with harmful microorganisms. Most potent drugs destroy the normal microflora of the intestine, stomach and other organs, provoking the appearance of the fungus. Therefore, very often after taking antibiotics, candidiasis can develop.

You should also think about if you are allergic reactions. Maybe it's because of the uncontrolled use of antibiotics? People who use these drugs for a long time are very likely to develop allergies to any stimulus: dust, smells, flowering plants, detergents.

The matter is that antibiotics weaken our immunity, not allowing it to cope independently with the infection that has arisen. Without natural stimulation, normal body protection deteriorates, and it reacts painfully to any stimulus.

Do not take long one kind of drug. Pathogenic microorganisms can quickly form a stable strain against this drug, and getting rid of them in the future will not be easy.

Now you know what antibiotics are, when it is advisable to use them. Free sale of these drugs in the pharmacy can not be a guide to action. Any medicines can be prescribed only by a specialist, and what antibiotic is better for a cold, your doctor will decide.

syl.ru

Antibiotics for children with colds: what adults need to know

The use of antibiotics for colds is one of the most controversial points in medical practice. Some doctors prescribe antibacterial drugs for the first symptoms of the disease. There are also specialists who recommend giving antibiotics to children at the very last. What exactly you can not do is do self-medication. The process of recovery should be strictly supervised by a qualified specialist.

What are they?

Many mothers without a doctor's consultation get antibiotics for children with a cold. At the same time they do not even imagine what kind of preparations they are. In fact, antibiotics are simple products of vital activity of various microorganisms. Most often derivatives are fungi. Special substances that are produced by microorganisms, contribute to the death of bacteria or stop their reproduction.

It should be remembered that not all bacteria are pathogenic. Almost all of these single-celled organisms are inhabited. Exceptions are only cerebrospinal fluid and blood. The weight of the total number of bacteria in the adult human body reaches several kilograms! Many unicellular animals are of great benefit. Without them, the organs could not function properly, and the immune system would be too vulnerable. Parents should remember that antibiotic treatment of children can be dangerous. The specialist should prescribe a comprehensive treatment aimed not only at a particular disease, but also on the restoration of a healthy microflora.

When antibiotics are powerless?

Antibiotics can be used only to treat diseases caused by bacteria. To remove virus infections with the help of such medications is inexpedient. The parents are mistaken, who immediately begin to give the child a good antibiotic for colds. Whatever the quality of the medicine, it can be useless.

A common runny nose, cough, sore throat often have a viral nature. Bacterial diseases with cold symptoms are rare. Therefore, children's antibiotics for colds are appointed in exceptional cases. Previously, the doctor must establish an accurate diagnosis.

Viruses that excite respiratory diseases in children are quite common. The immune system must produce antibodies. It is not accidental that in preschool age children get sick often enough. This is absolutely normal. Antibiotics also contribute to the suppression of immunity. If the baby does not have the necessary antibodies in childhood, he will often get sick at an older age.

Use of antibacterial agents

Ordinary colds in children last no more than two weeks. In this treatment is reduced only to the elimination of symptoms. The body struggles with the infection itself. It is no coincidence that pediatricians do not recommend to lower the temperature below 3 degrees. If the disease is prolonged, the doctor may prescribe an additional study to determine the cause. Determine that the common cold has a bacterial character, with the help of a conventional visual inspection is impossible.

Disease-causing bacteria are dangerous not only for the appearance of unpleasant cold symptoms. They can also contribute to the occurrence of complications. An untreated, properly bacterial infection threatens the appearance of rheumatism and heart problems. In this case, a good antibiotic for a cold should be appointed necessarily.

The most common childhood disease, which must necessarily be treated with an antibacterial drug, is purulent angina. The illness is characterized by severe pain in the throat, the appearance of a white coating on the glands and an increase in body temperature to 40 degrees.

Can there be side effects?

Any drug has a list of side effects. Not an exception are also antibacterial agents. In this case, it is rather difficult to answer the question, what antibiotics are better for colds. Negative effects will be minimized with strict adherence to the prescription of the doctor.

The main disadvantage is the fact that not only disease-causing bacteria, but also those who live peacefully in the human body and contribute to its normal functioning. The microflora is broken, it means that the child may have unpleasant symptoms. These include fungal infections of the mucous membranes, a violation of the functions of the gastrointestinal tract, allergic reactions in the form of rashes and redness. There may be other symptoms that will depend on the individual tolerability of the particular drug.

We comply with safety regulations

To antibiotics for children with colds do not have a harmful effect, you should know a few rules. In the first place, antibacterial drugs can not be used without prescribing a doctor. There is another side to the coin. If the drug is still prescribed, drink it should be strictly according to the scheme. The fact is that unpleasant symptoms may disappear already the next day after the start of taking antibiotics. But this does not mean that the child is healthy. Initially, only sensitive bacteria die. The course of antibiotic treatment usually lasts no less than five days.

Some medicines should not be taken with alcohol. Therefore, antibiotics for children with colds can not be prescribed in parallel with herbal tinctures on alcohol. The combination of such drugs can lead to the appearance of shortness of breath in a baby, rapid heartbeat, as well as dizziness.

Along with antibacterial treatment, the doctor must prescribe drugs that will maintain the normal microflora of the body.

What antibiotics are used to treat a child?

On the market today there is a huge amount of antibacterial agents in various forms. For infants, special preparations are made in the form of a suspension. In the most severe cases, injections are given that have a stronger effect. In addition, the classes are divided antibiotics for colds. The same means can have different names. Penicillin group includes such drugs as "Amoxiclav" Augmetin "Ampicillin". Means "Azithromycin" refers to macrolides, and medicines "Cefuroxime" and "Suprax" to cephalosporins.

Almost all antibiotics, produced by domestic manufacturers, can be used to treat bacterial diseases in children. Depending on the age, only the dosage differs. Antibiotics for children with colds are rarely offered in tablets.

What antibiotics are contraindicated for children?

In connection with the weakened immune system, all side effects from antibacterial drugs in babies are much more pronounced than in adults. Often there are such troubles as dysbacteriosis and fungal infections of the oral mucosa. In connection with this, some antibiotics may be contraindicated. The names of drugs that are dangerous for your baby should be checked with your doctor in advance.

For children under the age of three, the drug "Levomycetin" is categorically contraindicated. There is a huge risk of damage to the central nervous system. Cases of death are known. Not the best option is still some antibiotics for colds. The name of the agent "Ceftriaxone" should alert you. Cephalosporins of the third generation contribute to complete sterilization of the intestine. As a result, the normal microflora practically perishes, and the fungus comes to replace it. It is quite difficult to get rid of such an infection.

Several rules for the use of antibacterial agents

To ensure that the antibiotic has the maximum beneficial effect and does not harm the body, it should be used in accordance with the form of the disease. So, if the disease struck the upper respiratory tract, the ideal option would be drops and aerosols. Injectable drugs can be prescribed by a doctor in exceptional cases.

Ideally, only after a full study of the focus of the infection should be prescribed antibiotics. The doctor will tell you the names of the drugs after determining the sensitivity of the pathogen. To combat specific groups of pathogenic bacteria, various types of antibacterial agents are used.

Strictly prohibited the use of antibiotics, which have expired. For example, the delayed drug "Tetracycline" is able to cause the child a very complicated kidney damage. Buy funds are only in specialized pharmacies.

Recovery after antibiotic therapy

Reception of antibiotics can not pass without a trace for the child's body. In the best case, the microflora suffers. In the worst - the immune system weakens, and normal metabolism is disrupted.

To eliminate toxins and recover after ail helps proper nutrition. The child's diet should necessarily include a large number of vegetables and fruits, as well as sour-milk products. During the exacerbation of the disease, the child should be given more fluid. In parallel, biopreparations can be used to restore normal microflora. In this case, treatment should be strictly coordinated with the doctor.

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