X-ray of the hip joint

Hip joint, X-ray: features of the procedure, advantages and disadvantages

Many people of different ages may have hip joint disease, leading to disruption in walking and support function. Such a pathological condition greatly affects the quality of life of a person and often leads to disability.

To identify diseases of the musculoskeletal system, the doctor can prescribe a hip joint X-ray, which represents ray diagnosis, which allows to obtain a negative image of the affected area on the photosensitive layer of a special films. Thanks to the modern device it is possible to get the most accurate image on both digital media and on the monitor.

Advantages and disadvantages of diagnosis

X-ray of the hip joint, like any other method of diagnosis, has certain advantages. They include simplicity and accessibility, as well as a low cost of the procedure.

In some cases, such a survey can be conducted free of charge.

If you have an X-ray on your hands, you can seek advice from any specialist, and the doctor will follow the dynamics of the disease during the re-examination.

Radiography also has disadvantages:

• exposure to the body of X-rays, albeit in small doses;
• the inability to fully assess the function of the joint;
• the area under investigation is often overlapped by surrounding tissues, as a result of which images are superimposed on each other;
• without special contrasting, it is not possible to assess the state of soft tissues;
• little informative.

Indications and contraindications

If the hip is hurting, X-rays are carried out to establish the cause of this.

Such a study is considered mandatory in many diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

With the help of radiography, they reveal changes in the hip joint, which can be caused by the following reasons:

• trauma (dislocations, fractures);
• degenerative pathology (cystic perestroika, osteoarthrosis, aseptic necrosis);
• bone tumor, metastasis;
• inflammatory diseases (osteomyelitis, arthritis);
• congenital anomalies (hypoplasia, dysplasia);
• metabolic diseases (gout, osteoporosis).

Absolute contraindication for conducting such a survey is pregnancy at any time, as well as thyroid, kidney, heart disease.

If there are no compelling reasons, it is better not to perform radiography for children under 14 years of age.

If such a procedure is performed using a contrast drug, the list of contraindications will be much wider. It includes the following states of the body:

• severe pathological condition of the liver and kidneys;
• tuberculosis in the active phase;
• allergy to substances containing iodine;
• cardiovascular failure;
• severe condition of the patient.

X-ray examination

If the hip is concerned, the x-ray of the affected area is mandatory. This procedure is distinguished by its relative simplicity. After the patient receives a referral for the examination, he should properly prepare for it so that the result is of the highest quality.

Rules of preparation for diagnosis

If it is necessary to do an x-ray of the hip joint, usually no special preparation is required, but still it is worth paying attention to certain points.

Since the area under investigation is close enough to the intestine, its contents can affect the quality of the image. In particular, this concerns the process of gas formation.

To remove the contents of the intestine is recommended on the eve of the study in the evening and the next morning to carry out a cleansing enema.

You can also drink any laxative before the procedure.

If the X-ray is carried out with a contrast agent, then a test should be carried out in advance to determine the allergic reaction. The procedure starts with a negative result.

Features of the diagnosis

Before the procedure, the patient removes dense clothing, all ornaments and objects made of metal, because because of them, noise will appear on the pictures. To examine the hip joint, the X-ray is performed in several projections. Before inspection on the patient wear protective lead plates.

To get a picture of the pelvic region, the device sends a beam of rays passing through the hip joint. At this time, the radiation begins to dissipate and stops, and the degree of such scattering depends on the density of the test tissue.

At the same time, the image of organs and tissues begins to appear on the film, through which radiation has already passed. The photo clearly shows the bone, which has the maximum density.

The study of such a site is usually conducted:

• front with legs dilated to the sides;
• side with elongated legs.

If the x-ray of the hip joint is performed, the norm is when the photos are taken in both projections. This allows you to establish the most accurate diagnosis. The procedure lasts about 10 minutes, while the patient receives a dose of radiation in millisievert.

Explanation of X-ray images

Radiography can have certain errors. This is due to the fact that the X-rays, which are sent by the cathode-ray tube, diverge by the flow.

If the subject of the study is not in the middle, but on the edge of the picture field, the image may be slightly elongated. In this case, the dimensions of the joints being examined are also modified.

The accuracy of the diagnosis depends largely on how qualified the laboratory technician is. Each disease has its own characteristics, which are revealed in the pictures:

• fractures - visible bone fragments;
• dislocations - you can see the displacement of the articular surfaces;
• osteoarthritis - narrowing of the joint gap, osteophytes;
• aseptic necrosis - bone regeneration, foci of osteosclerosis;
• osteoporosis - clearly visible thinned structure, decreased bone density;
• dysplasia - reveals incomplete or incorrect development of the femoral head together with the articular cavity;
• tumors - foci of darkening, volumetric formations.

Radiography for children

The x-ray of the hip joints in children is carried out only strictly according to the doctor's indications, since such procedure is considered harmful and further hematologic pathologies may develop or a change in the oncological profile. Therefore, it is extremely important to find a good specialist who will prescribe the study with the smallest dosage of irradiation, as a result of which the harmful effect on the small patient will be minimal.

X-ray of the hip joint in the baby is better not to do. The doctor usually assigns ultrasound for these purposes to children who are not yet a year old.

Since in babies for up to three months the muscles are still atrophied, it is difficult to diagnose a pathology such as dysplasia of the hip joints. In this case, the X-ray can not help.

It is advisable to conduct it when the cartilage is filled with calcium and turn into bone tissue.

Conclusion

Thus, if the hip joint is damaged, the X-ray is mandatory to determine the exact cause of the disease.

Since such a procedure is not considered safe, it should not be passed more than once every six months.

If there is a need for it to be carried out by small children, the physician should minimize the possible harm from irradiation.

A source: http://.ru/article/252772/tazobedrennyiy-sustav-rentgen-osobennosti-provedeniya-preimuschestva-i-nedostatki

Radiography of the hip

Diseases of the hip joint are the cause of severe functional insufficiency in people of different ages. By leading to disruption of support function and walking, pathology reduces the quality of life of patients and becomes a frequent factor of disability.

Therefore, early diagnosis of diseases and injuries of the hip joint is of great importance in clinical practice. This is achieved through the use of instrumental methods to identify pathological formations of the musculoskeletal system, which include:

1. Radiography.
2. Magnetic resonance imaging.
3. Computer tomography.
4. Ultrasound of joints.
5. Arthroscopy.

The most common method is an x-ray of the hip joint, which can be taken at any clinic. As a rule, this method is the first link in the diagnostic search for various diseases of the osteoarticular apparatus.

Advantages and disadvantages

Radiography, like any method of diagnosis, has certain advantages, but it is not without flaws. As a rule, the choice in favor of the survey is made based on a reasonable balance between the following components.

The positive aspects of the x-ray method of investigation are based on its simplicity and availability in the primary stage of medical care.

The cost of conducting a low, and in some cases, the survey is completely free (in the framework of public health programs).

The presence of an X-ray on the hands allows the patient to get advice from any specialist, and the doctor to assess the dynamics of the disease during a second examination.

From the disadvantages of radiography can be identified as follows:

• The effect of X-rays on the body (albeit in small doses).
• Frequent overlapping of the investigated area with surrounding tissues, the image of which is superimposed on each other.
• Impossibility to evaluate the function of the joint.
• No possibility to see the condition of soft tissues without special contrasting.
• Low informativeness in comparison with computer methods.

Indications and contraindications

X-ray of the hip joint is performed in accordance with clinical recommendations for the diagnosis of various pathologies.

With many diseases of the joints, she is on the first place in the list of mandatory instrumental methods of examination.

This procedure allows you to identify changes in the hip joint, caused by the following reasons:

1. Injuries (fractures, dislocations).
2. Inflammatory diseases (arthritis, osteomyelitis).
3. Degenerative pathology (osteoarthritis, cystic perestroika, aseptic necrosis).
4. Congenital anomalies (dysplasia, hypoplasia).
5. Tumors of bone tissue and metastases.
6. Metabolic diseases (osteoporosis, gout).

Absolute contraindication to X-ray examination is pregnancy in any trimester.

If there are no good reasons for this, it is undesirable to take a picture of children under 14 years old.

When carrying out the procedure with the introduction of a contrast drug, the list of contraindications expands, including such states:

• Allergic reactions to iodine-containing substances.
• Severe kidney and liver pathology.
• Cardiovascular failure.
• Tuberculosis in active form.
• The general severe condition of the patient.

X-ray examination

Execution of radiography with hip joint pathology is comparatively simple.

After referring to the procedure, the patient receives some recommendations to properly prepare for it.

To qualitatively make a joint X-ray, you can follow the methodology of the study. And, finally, the result will depend on the correct interpretation of the picture.

Preparation

Radiography is the method of diagnosis, which in most cases does not require any preparation at all. However, when examining the condition of the hip joint, you still need to pay attention to some points.

Since this area is located in close proximity to the intestine, its contents can affect the quality of the resulting image. Especially it concerns the cases of gas formation.

To remove the accumulated substances from the intestine, it is necessary to perform a cleansing enema in the evening on the eve and in the morning on the day of the study.

If a study with a contrast agent is planned, it is necessary to carry out a test beforehand in order to avoid allergic reactions. Only if the result is negative, you can proceed to the procedure.

Method of conducting

Radiography allows you to study dense hip joint tissue, as well as adjacent parts of the sciatic, iliac, pubic and femur bones.

For better positioning, the procedure is performed in several projections.

Before carrying out the study, it is necessary to put protective lead plates on the nearest parts of the body to protect them from the effects of radiation.

To take a direct shot of the hip joint, you must put the patient back on the table of the X-ray machine with straight legs and feet turned inward. For better fixation use rollers.

If there is a restriction of movements in the joint, the study can be carried out in the supine position with an elevated healthy half of the pelvis. With flexion contractures, X-rays are made in a semi-sitting position.

In addition, in some cases, pictures with the hips removed are performed.

The lateral projection of the radiograph is obtained from the position on the back with the leg bent in the hip joint.

If the movements on the affected side cause severe pain, you can bend a healthy limb.

If it is necessary to administer a contrast agent for better visualization of soft tissues, the radiography is performed a few minutes after intravenous injection of the drug.

X-ray diffraction

The accuracy of the diagnosis largely depends on the qualification of the laboratory assistant and his conclusion.

The same changes in the joint can sometimes be interpreted in completely different ways, so it is always necessary to take into account the history of the disease and the previous survey.

Each disease has characteristics that can be identified in the pictures:

1. Bone fragments - with fractures.
2. Displacement of articular surfaces - with dislocations.
3. Osteophytes, narrowing of the joint gap - with osteoarthritis.
4. Foci of osteosclerosis, bone regeneration - with aseptic necrosis.
5. Reduction of bone density, thinning of the structure - with osteoporosis.
6. Incorrect or incomplete development of the head of the thigh and articular cavity - with dysplasia.
7. Volume formations, foci of blackout - in tumors.

In young children, special techniques can be used for the correct interpretation of radiographs: Hilgenreiner, Perkin, and others. This is due to the fact that they have a head of the femur and the articular cavity consists mainly of cartilaginous tissue, which is poorly visible in the pictures.

A source: http://MedOtvet.com/diagnostika-sustavov/rentgenografiya-tazobedrennogo-sustava.html

X-ray of the hip joint: preparation, norms, how do?

When there is a need to examine the skeleton in a patient, the x-ray of the hip joint is used first.

This method of diagnosis allows specialists to assess the condition of bones, cartilage and joints.

Norms and regulations that are developed for this procedure, allow the use of X-rays in the treatment of adults and children.

Pathologies of the hip joint

Pain in the joints appear for various reasons. To take appropriate measures and cure the disease, it is necessary to formulate an accurate diagnosis.

This rule is fully used for pain in the hip joint. For the diagnosis is carried out X-ray, which gives an idea of ​​the pathology that has arisen.

The most common diseases of the hip are:

• arthritis;
• arthrosis;
• inflammation of ligaments, tendons and muscles;
• infection of the joint;
• metastases and bone tumors.

In infants, congenital hip dislocation is diagnosed.

Pathological conditions of the hip joint have specific manifestations in different age groups.

In adults and elderly people, x-rays more often show deformities and joint injuries. In adulthood, the acetabulum is often punctured.

Teenagers and children are more likely to suffer from injuries and deformities of the joint. The children are affected by bone tuberculosis and transient synovitis.

When the infants and babies are examined for up to a year, congenital viral deformities, purulent osteoarthritis and other pathologies are revealed. Timely detection of pathology allows for effective treatment.

Many years of practice shows that some disorders in the structure of the hip joint arise and develop over a long period of time.

Sufficient people need to monitor their own health and well-being themselves. At the first sensations of a dyscomfort it is necessary to address to the surgeon.

When pathology occurs in children, much is determined by the behavior of parents - they are the first to notice abnormalities in the development of the child.

When is X-ray done?

Any, even the easiest disease of the hip joint, affects the person's health. To assign the right treatment, you need to determine the cause of the disease and make an accurate diagnosis.

Visual inspection and manual examination does not give a complete picture of the presence of pathology.

Only special methods of examination, such as X-rays, ultrasound, MRI, can provide reliable information.

In the case when the patient clearly sees the stretching of the muscles, no examination is necessary.

The x-ray of the hip joint is made with the following indications:

• pain in the thigh;
• dislocation;
• immobilization of the foot;
• fracture;
• lameness.

A detailed study is carried out in the case when preparations are being made for a prosthetic operation.

Restoration of a damaged joint with the help of implants is called endoprosthetics.

The destroyed elements of the articulation are replaced by artificial ones. Lameness very often occurs due to wear or damage to the head of the thigh.

Due to this complexity, it can be affected by many diseases, pathologies and traumas. It's not that the list of diseases is great.

The problem is that each of them can lead a person to a loss of working capacity and disability.

Analyzing the image taken with X-ray, specialists have the ability to accurately determine the severity of the trauma or the peculiarity of the disease.

It is very important to detect the pathology of the hip joint in children in a timely manner.

Compared with other diagnostic methods, the X-ray for the study of hip joint pathologies remains the most sought-after.

Patients note that, if necessary, the study can be conducted at home. This procedure is not cheap, but it allows you to obtain the necessary data for diagnosis and treatment.

The photos that are obtained from the results of the x-ray of the hip region do not reflect the state of the soft tissues. The functional state of the joints and tendons is very difficult to assess by this picture.

To make a diagnosis, this information is necessary. In certain situations, the patient is recommended to put an enema before the examination.

This procedure reduces the darkening area in the picture. When assigning a study, a specialist must take into account the patient's state of health, so as not to cause him additional suffering.

Pregnant women under any circumstances X-ray is contraindicated.

X-ray for the child

In infants, a hip dislocation occurs. A single-valued answer to the question of why this happens has not yet been found. This pathology is called hip dysplasia.

Its essence lies in the fact that the femur of the child is not in its place. It is simply turned out of the acetabulum.

The position of the bones is characterized by the following states:

1. pre-exertion;
2. subluxation;
3. dislocation.

Violation of the anatomical norm can lead to serious complications. With age, pathology will only develop. The first examination of the hip joint is performed by a pediatrician.

It is this specialist who determines the program of action for suspected hip dysplasia. You should know that for children under the age of three months, the X-ray is strictly contraindicated.

This is because the bones of the skeleton still lack density. They are in a cartilaginous state and continue to form, accumulating calcium.

Even after the procedure, the photo becomes blurry and empty.

If there is an acute need to conduct a child's examination, you can perform this procedure on an ultrasound machine. The results in this case are quite satisfactory.

The investigation is necessary to find out the reason for the deviation from the norm. With a dislocation, the hip becomes shorter, which can immediately be noticed.

When you try to take him to the side you can hear a click. When examining infants, you need to pay attention to the folds that form on the hips.

If the folds are asymmetric, this is the first sign of dysplasia. The treatment of this disorder involved children's orthopedists, traumatologists and radiologists.

Preparation and interpretation of results

Unlike alternative diagnostic methods, special preparation is not required for x-ray of the hip joint.

When the examination is carried out under stationary conditions, the exposed parts of the patient's body are protected with a special apron made of lead plates.

If the survey is done at home, then it is necessary to ensure the specialist's approach to the place where the patient is. Such a service is provided only when the transfer of the patient is not possible.

This document details in which projections the images are taken and in what quantity. The problem zone should be displayed in pictures from different angles.

To date, using X-ray plants of two types - analog and digital. The image of the hip joint can be displayed on the screen or printed on paper.

When analyzing images, the degree of damage to bones and soft tissues is assessed. After the treatment is completed, the x-ray is done again to assess the stabilization of the joint.

In addition, the pictures allow specialists to identify pathologies that arise and develop as a result of infection of the body.

The deciphering of the images obtained as a result of the X-ray of the hip joints is performed by the attending physician. Based on this decoding, a diagnosis is formulated and a course of treatment is prescribed.

When deciphering the data of the child's examination, the doctor must take into account the specificity of the received pictures. In this case, the specialist requires practical experience and theoretical training.

It is important to remember that children can be referred to a second examination only six months after passing the X-ray.

A source: http://moydiagnos.ru/issledovaniya/rentgen/tazobedrennogo-sustava-normy.html

Preparation and carrying out of the x-ray of the hip joint

This method makes it possible to identify the symptoms of many diseases of the musculoskeletal system. The examination consists of radiation radiation of bone joints. The picture is displayed on a digital medium or on a monitor.

X-ray of the hip joints is recognized as an effective, widely used research method that is built on the physical properties of the X-ray beams.

This method of diagnosis allows you to assess not only the condition of the joints, but also cartilage, bone tissue. The norm of the survey - 1 time in six months.

The reason is a negative x-ray effect on the human body.

Benefit or harm?

Radiography of the hip joint is an informative way of diagnosis. However, it has not only positive aspects. For greater clarity, we will consider all the pros and cons of using it.

Positive sides:

1. Ease of implementation.
2. No special training is needed.
3. Painless.
4. Visual study of the image.
5. Ability to observe the dynamics of the disease.
6. Speed.
7. External introduction into the body is absent.
8. There are few contraindications to the passage of the study.
9. Availability.

Also, the resulting image allows the patient to contact the various specialists, if necessary.

Disadvantages:

• A layered imprint of the structure of the connection of the bones of the skeleton is absent.
• A small ionizing irradiation of the body.
• Impossibility to examine bone connections in motion.
• X-rays do not see all the diseases.

Therefore, before conducting a survey, it is desirable to make sure that it is necessary to pass it.
Before the appointment of a doctor, the doctor takes into account the benefits and harms of this method.

Indications and contraindications

If bone pathology is present, a x-ray of the hip joint is prescribed. In this case, the contrast between soft and hard tissues is clearly visible. Indications for the examination are:

1. Pain in bone joints of uncertain character, puffiness, poor mobility.
2. Constant diseases of connective tissue.
3. Inflammatory processes.
4. Injuries of joints of the bones of the skeleton (cracks, fractures, dislocations of bone tissue).
5. Clicks, crunch when moving.
6. Lameness.
7. Malignant / benign tumors.
8. Reactive, rheumatoid arthritis.
9. Congenital pathology of the musculoskeletal system.
10. Assumption of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head. This disease is manifested in elderly people with impaired blood circulation.
11. Osteoporosis.
12. Infectious lesions.
13. Deforming arthrosis of the hip joints.
14. Before the operation.
15. In the postoperative period to monitor the dynamics of therapy.

X-rays should be carefully treated so as not to harm the patient. For this it is necessary to take into account contraindications to the examination:

• Children's age (up to 15 years). If the hip joints can not be examined in other ways, then an x-ray is prescribed. It is also needed for suspected hip dysplasia.
• Tendonitis.
• Crick.
• The presence of metal objects in the area of ​​the joints of the bones of the skeleton.
• Pregnancy. Women in the situation are prohibited from exposure to radiation. Such a procedure can cause a delay in the maturation of the fetus, pathology, malformations.
• Bursitis.
• Allergic reaction to contrasting, used in arthrography. Allergy is not manifested by radiography.

Method of conducting

The X-ray procedure is carried out as follows:

1. The patient undresses and sits down / lies down on the couch of the X-ray apparatus.
2. All parts of the body (except the one being examined) are covered with an apron to avoid X-rays.
3. The x-ray apparatus is located above the joint.
4. The medical staff is behind a protective screen.
5. The survey does not take much time (up to 5 minutes).
6. If necessary, pictures are taken in other projections.

The next day, the norm, the patient takes a picture of the hip joint from the radiologist. Sometimes the results are ready before.

To extract the complete picture and compare the results, an x-ray of both hip joints of the bones is performed.

During the procedure, you can not move, because the quality of the pictures suffers.

Preparation of the patient

Before the passage of the x-ray of the hip joint preparation is not required.

The only thing that is probably needed is to clean the intestines (with the enema), so that the image does not appear dark spots.

It is advisable not to get involved in food before the survey. The patient should remove:

• Jewelry.
• Metal objects.
• Part of the clothes.

In addition, the norm when the radiologist carefully examines the direction of a traumatologist, therapist, orthopedist or other specialist before the examination.

X-ray in 2 projections

X-rays are made in two projections - lateral and direct. With a direct projection, the patient lies on his back, stretches his legs and slightly turns them inside. In this situation, the medial part of the femoral neck is clearly visible, which allows to confirm the diagnosis of a medial fracture.

In lateral projection, the patient lies on his back, bends the bruised leg at a right angle and draws it to the hip joint. The heel is fixed on a special stand.

On the side of a healthy leg, place an X-ray tube. If, due to severe pain, the patient can not bend the leg, it is allowed to bend the healthy leg.

In this case, the diagnosis is carried out at a certain angle.

Explanation of the snapshot

X-ray of the hip joint may show errors. This is due to the divergent flux sent by the X-rays.

The image is lengthened if the subject is at the edge of the picture. For example, if it is a round object, then it is oval in the image. In addition, the shape can change and size.

Therefore, the same seal size can be obtained in a photo of different sizes.

1. Places of light tone are called blackouts.
2. Dark spots are enlightenments.

To determine a clear diagnosis and a reliable estimate of the size, shape and source of damage or inflammation, several surveys are performed (this is the norm). In the picture you can consider:

• Immaturity of the joints of the bones of the skeleton.
• The presence of osteoporosis.
• Deviation of the structure of bone tissue.
• Disturbance of the development of bone connections.
• Formation of erosion on cartilage plates.
• Osteophyte (presence / absence).
• Defects, destruction of articulations.
• Symmetry of tissue on both sides.

Modern medicine is developing and improving. But, despite the emergence of new diagnostic methods, X-ray is still a fairly effective and in-demand method of examining the hip joints.

A source: https://prospinu.com/terapiya/rentgen-tazobedrennogo-sustava.html

X-ray of the hip joints

Back and joint health »Diagnosis

The hip joint in the human body plays a major role in walking and sitting.

Various pathologies of this part of the skeleton with untimely treatment can lead to severe complications and disability. Therefore, accurate diagnosis is very important.

The most common and effective her method for many years remains the x-ray of the hip joint.

With its help, you can assess the condition of the solid tissues of the pelvis, the sciatic and pubic bone, as well as the upper part of the thigh. In the picture, bones that do not miss X-rays are highlighted in white.

Advantages of radiography

The discovery of X-rays is the greatest achievement of mankind. For many years of using radiography this method has saved many lives. And to this day it remains the most popular way of diagnosing diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

Radiography has many advantages over more modern methods:

• First of all, it's availability. X-ray of the hip joint can be done at any clinic or medical center. And its cost is low, and in many cases it is free of charge.
• The advantage of X-rays is also the ease of carrying out. In most cases, the procedure does not require patient preparation.
• Diagnosis is quick and completely painless.
• Having an X-ray, the patient can get advice from any doctor.
• X-ray allows you to visually track the dynamics of the disease and the correctness of the treatment.
• This method of diagnosis helps in time to identify various pathologies of pelvic bones. This allows the doctor to set the right treatment on time.

The main disadvantage of X-ray examination is harmful ionizing radiation

Disadvantages of this method of diagnosis

X-ray diagnosis is the first thing that is done in a medical facility when a patient arrives with complaints of pain in the hip joint.

It is with the help of X-ray that the doctor can assess the condition of the pelvic bones and put a preliminary diagnosis.

Therefore now it is the main method of diagnostics, despite of some lacks.

• X-ray exposure negatively affects the body;
• this method is less informative, in comparison with computer diagnostics or ultrasound;
• X-ray allows you to evaluate only the condition of the bones of the skeleton, but not of soft tissues, so it is ineffective with sprains, bursitis or tendinitis;
• Some diseases, for example, osteoporosis, appear visible on the X-ray image by signs only in the 2nd and 3rd stages of development;
• sometimes the images of surrounding tissues are superimposed on each other to avoid this, take several pictures in different projections.

Indications for X-rays

X-ray of the hip joints is necessarily performed when examining patients with various pathologies of the musculoskeletal system. It is used for pain, suspected trauma. Be sure to do an x-ray in preparation for the operation and to monitor the correctness of its conduct.

This method of diagnosis can identify violations that provoked such diseases:

• trauma - fractures or dislocations;
• degenerative processes - coxarthrosis, aseptic necrosis;
• inflammatory diseases, for example, arthritis or osteomyelitis;
• congenital anomalies of joint development in children;
• tumors;
• diseases associated with the violation of metabolic processes - gout, osteoporosis.

X-ray allows time to identify violations in the structure of the joint

Contraindications to this study

The negative impact of X-ray radiation is most harmful to the child's body. Therefore, do not conduct an x-ray of the hip joint to pregnant women.

And children under 14 years of age are only made if necessary, for example, in the presence of dysplasia. Sometimes it is required to conduct a test with the introduction of contrast medium. This allows you to assess the condition of soft tissues.

In this case, the list of contraindications expands.

Do not apply this method of diagnosis in such diseases:

• cardiovascular failure;
• severe renal pathology;
• violations of the liver;
• tuberculosis;
• individual intolerance of contrast agent components.

X-ray of the hip joint in the child

The first time it is recommended to conduct the procedure not earlier than three months of age. Prior to this, X-rays are contraindicated to the child, as they can cause serious health abnormalities: tumors, infertility, autoimmune diseases.

For the same reason, it is better to conduct research on quality equipment from an experienced specialist to avoid mistakes in the diagnosis.

For children it is best to use modern X-ray machines that take a picture in digital format.

For children, the radiography procedure is slightly different. Many parts of the skeleton in babies are still made of cartilaginous tissue, so it is difficult to see them on an X-ray.

In addition, the baby is hard to keep in motion to get a clear picture. Therefore, special fixatives are used.

But x-rays are almost the only way to confirm the diagnosis of joint dysplasia.

X-ray is the main way to recognize joint dysplasia in toddlers

Features of the event

To ensure that the study was conducted qualitatively and did not affect the result, it is necessary to adhere to certain recommendations.

X-rays are a fairly simple procedure, and usually preparation for it is not required.

But due to the peculiarities of the hip charter, you still need to pay attention to some points.

• In the pelvic area, the intestine is located, and its contents may interfere with obtaining a qualitative image. Therefore, the evening before the procedure and in the morning it is desirable to make an enema or drink a course of laxative for cleansing the intestines.
• If a contrast agent is required during the study, it is very important to make a test beforehand in order to prevent the appearance of an allergic reaction.
• Before the procedure, you need to remove tight clothing and one that contains metal parts.
• It is very important during the procedure to be in a stationary position, otherwise the picture will turn out to be fuzzy.
• During the examination, the organs in the abdominal cavity are closed with a lead plate to protect them from radiation.

X-ray of the pelvis is done most often in the supine position on the back

Method of conducting

An X-ray taken from a hip joint study allows an assessment of the state of hard tissues in the pelvic region. In most cases, it takes several images in different projections. Usually, an accurate diagnosis requires 2-5 photos.

You can also read:Causes of hip dysplasia

• A direct picture of the pelvis is done in the prone position, most often on the back. The legs should be straight, and the feet are turned inside. If the movement in the joint is limited, you can do X-rays in the supine position. In this case, the area of ​​the healthy thigh should be raised using a roller.
• Side picture is done on the back with a bent leg. First, examine the patient joint, then - for comparison - healthy, in order for it to be visible norm.
• In some cases, an X-ray is required in a semi-sitting position or with a leg withdrawn to the side.
• When using a contrast medium, the image is taken 5 minutes after the injection.

Reading an X-ray

To accurately diagnose, it is important to correctly interpret the picture. If the quality of the radiograph is poor or there is no experience, the doctor may make mistakes. This can lead to the appointment of an incorrect treatment.

To avoid this, it is important to take into account the data of previous examinations and the patient's medical history. After all, the same changes in the joint can be attributed to different diseases.

Although there are special features on which it is immediately easy to determine the type of pathology:

• the presence of bone fragments or a violation of the integrity of the bone indicates a fracture;
• the displacement of bones in the joint area is a dislocation;
• narrowing of the joint slit, bone growths - osteoarthritis;
• Thin bone, reduced density - osteoporosis;
• bulk darkened areas - tumors;
• the wrong structure of the acetabulum and the head of the femur - dysplasia.

X-ray of the hip joint is still the main method of diagnosing various pathologies. With its help, you can quickly identify violations in the structure of the joint and take measures to eliminate them.

A source: http://MoyaSpina.ru/diagnostika/rentgen-tazobedrennyh-sustavov