Bursitis of the Knee: Symptoms and Treatment

Symptoms and modern treatment of knee bursitis

Prepatellar bursitis is a disease characterized by tissue damage and inflammation of the joint bag knee joint (a small sac filled with a liquid that is located between the knee cap and skin). The main sign of bursitis development is pain in the area of ​​lesion.

There are several varieties of bursitis of the knee joint, depending on the involvement of an articular bag in the inflammatory process.

In addition to the prepatellar bag in the knee area, there is also a suprapatellar articular bag, which is located at the junction of the knee cartilage. Its inflammation is called suprapatellar bursitis. Nevertheless, despite the different names, the symptoms of the diseases remain almost the same.

Causes

The most common factors leading to the development of bursitis of the knee joint are:

• Constant and prolonged physical activities involving the knee joints or with strong pressure in the area
• Directional shock, falling to the knees
• Infections in the place of a cut or abrasion on the knee
• Excessive burden on the knees with concomitant obesity
• The patient has infectious diseases (syphilis, tuberculosis, brucellosis, gonorrhea, etc.)
• Training in extreme conditions (with an increased risk of injury)

The development of inflammation in the knee joint is characteristic not only of athletes. This condition can develop in every person even after a minor injury:

• Famous actor Tom Hanks in 2013 underwent surgery for bursitis of the knee joint and even withdrew the treatment process on video
• In 2011, singer Barry Manilov underwent surgery for a complicated pre-patellar bursitis. "Good news: after several nightmarish weeks, I finally rose from the dead. I gradually begin to walk, while still with a crutch, but I'll soon get well again "

Knee bursitis is classified:

• According to the clinical course: chronic, subacute, acute bursitis
• According to the causative agent: on nonspecific and specific (tuberculous bursitis, with gonorrhea, with syphilis, brucellosis). In the same classification, sometimes divided into infectious and aseptic (non-infectious)
• By the nature of the exudate:
  • hemorrhagic bursitis - in the fluid there are many erythrocytes
  • serous - in the liquid, plasma with an admixture of blood elements
  • purulent - the presence of decaying leukocytes, destroyed cells, microorganisms
  • fibrinous bursitis - high fibrin content

Symptoms

The main symptoms of bursitis of the knee joint symptoms include gradually increasing pain and swelling right before the knee cap.

In less severe cases, swelling may not be observed, and the patient is concerned about the stiffness of movements, which increases with prolonged physical activity.

At the initial stage, pain, on the contrary, can subside as the blood flow in the joint area improves, that is, with moderate loads, the patient's condition can improve.

Among other features:

• Inability to fully unbend the leg in the knee joint;
• Pain when touching the patella;
• Pain when walking (usually along an inclined surface - climbing or descending from a mountain, etc.);
• Edema, compaction, redness and local fever in the joint area (signs of inflammation).

The pain occurs directly above the patella and can extend to the back of the knee and the inner surface of the thigh, as well as up or down the leg. The pain increases with crossing the legs, as well as when lifting after a long sitting in one pose. A patient with pre-patellar bursitis can not stand on his knees.

An indirect symptom is sleep disturbance.

This is due to the fact that pain when bending the leg or when changing the position of the body can significantly increase, depending on the severity of the inflammation.

Limitation of mobility occurs with the progression of the disease, when the incomplete inflammation becomes more severe, causing severe pain when flexing the leg. Over time, muscular weakness and dystrophy develops in the affected limb.

• In the area of ​​the bag, a swelling is formed, rounded, painful,
• Appears redness, swelling and pain of soft tissues
• Limited movement of the joint
• The patient may have general malaise and fever
• Then the redness increases, the pain increases, the temperature can reach 40C
• Possible development of purulent process, phlegmon

Timely and correct treatment of acute bursitis stops the progression of the disease and it does not go into a subacute, and then chronic.

In chronic bursitis:

• Movement in the joint is not limited
• In the area of ​​the bag - round soft swelling
• But pain, redness and swelling of surrounding tissues are not present
• In a chronic process, there may be a relapse (trauma, decreased immunity)

Types of bursitis

Prepatellar bursitis is the most common, with a subcutaneous bag inflamed on the front of the knee.

The cause can be Padaric arthritis, salt deposition in pseudopodagra, rheumatoid arthritis, and also often occurs after injury, injury, falling to the knee or professional, if the work requires frequent standing on lap.

Unlike arthritis, pain is not strongly pronounced and movement limitation is not significant. When infection of the contents in the lumen of the bursa, lymph nodes increase, pain increases, and body temperature rises.

Infragastellar bursitis - occurs due to inflammation of the bursa, located under the tendon under the patella, often develops after jumping or injuries. Treatment consists of rest, cold compresses, intake of NSAIDs, painkillers.

Goose bursitis (Baker's cyst) - the bursa is inflamed, located behind on the inner surface of the knee joint. It often happens in women with excess weight, accompanied by pain, which are more pronounced when you descend or climb the stairs.

Most cases of pre-patellar bursitis are treated with the use of physiotherapy.

The frequency of positive results depends largely on the patient's own involvement.

One of the key components of treatment is a sufficient rest after any physical activity, which led to increased pain.

Actions that have a pronounced irritant effect on the articular knee of the knee joint should be minimized.

Ignoring the symptoms, or trying to adapt to the pain can lead to the transition of the disease into a chronic form. Therefore, it is important to begin treatment immediately, regardless of the severity of the course and the condition of the patient.

In the event that the course of the disease becomes chronic, the process of recovery significantly slows down, and the likelihood of relapse in the future increases.

Gentle mode includes:

• Limitation of loads that can worsen the condition;
• Regular application of ice to the area of ​​inflammation;
• Application of elastic compressive bandages;
• Maintaining the patient's limb in an elevated position (above the level of the heart).

Speeding up the recovery process can be the use of anti-inflammatory drugs that provide analgesic and anti-edematous effects.

Help in improving the course of the disease can help with the reception of manual therapy:

• Massage;
• Acupuncture;
• Stretching;
• Electrotherapy.

With proper physical therapy, most cases with mild manifestations of the disease usually heal with the restoration of normal functions for several weeks. In more severe and chronic course, recovery can take much longer.

Also, it is more likely that the patient will need additional interventions (injections of corticosteroids).

The early onset of physiotherapy is necessary to accelerate the process of recovery and ensure an optimal outcome of the disease with a reduction in the likelihood of its re-development.

Exercises

An important role in the treatment is played by special exercises:

• Static contractions of the inner head of the quadriceps

Tense the muscles of the front surface of the thigh (quadriceps), bringing a small towel under the knee and trying to straighten the leg.

Place the palm on the inside of the thigh so that you can feel the tension of the inside of the muscle as it contracts. Fix the foot in this position for 5 seconds, then relax.

Repeat the exercise 10 times with the maximum possible force, but not leading up to the appearance of painful sensations.

• Flexion and extension of the leg in the knee joint

Bend and unbend the leg in the knee joint with the maximum possible amplitude, but not leading up to the appearance of pain. Repeat 10-20 times, provided that during the exercise the symptoms do not increase.

Eliminate from the training program squats, repeated bending at the knees, crossing legs and other similar exercises.

Surgical intervention

Bursitis of the knee joint, the treatment of which had no effect, may require surgical interference in the form of aspiration (suction) of the contents of the joint bag and the introduction into it corticosteroids.

This procedure is performed using a thin needle under local anesthesia. After the drainage of the articular bag, the doctor can introduce into her hormonal drugs - corticosteroids. This is necessary in order to stop the inflammatory process.

Then it is necessary to continue wearing an elastic bandage and ensure a long rest of the limb (usually 48 hours).

Such treatment is much more effective than treatment with medications (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs drugs), since the tablet forms have a general effect on the body, often not penetrating joints.

In rare cases, treatment is ineffective, and the only way out is surgical removal of the prepatellar articular bag.

Restoration of normal joint functions after such an operation occurs within a few days, and return to a full-fledged life without restriction of physical activity is possible to realize through 2-3 of the week.

Antibiotics

If bursitis has an infectious origin (the penetration of bacteria into the joint bag), then to prevent the development of purulent complications, it is necessary to start antibiotic treatment in time.

Selection of the drug is carried out on the basis of determining the sensitivity of the pathogen.

If after the beginning of treatment the disease continues to progress, then the articular bag is opened and cleaned surgically.

Ointments for topical application

In addition to the knee pads, treatment with ointments with anti-inflammatory ingredients can be used to improve the condition, relieve swelling, inflammation and pain (see. more details in the article ointments for pain):

• Fastum-gel based on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, very effective for rapid removal of edema, has analgesic effect;
• Naise-gel, the same mechanism of action;
• Finalgon and analogues - improve blood circulation at the site of application, promote the removal of edema;
• Ointments with menthol (Bom-Benga, Ben-Gay, etc.) - anti-inflammatory effect with cooling distracting action.

Use of novelties - knee pads Knee Inferno Wrap

A novelty in the market of auxiliary medical devices is Knee Inferno Wrap®, which stimulates local blood flow due to exposure to radiation in a certain spectrum.

The device emits light in a range almost identical with sunlight. Due to this, additional energy is produced, obtained by the patient's body and used to enhance the recovery processes.

Since the device acts locally, the energy flow penetrates deep into the joint bag and promotes the rapid removal of toxins, dead cells and accelerates the growth of new tissue, increasing it elasticity.

Prevention

There are some simple tips on how to prevent the development of such an undesirable disease:

• Wear knee protectors. This is especially important for people with an increased risk of injury (football players, basketball players, wrestlers). There are special cooling knee pads with pockets for ice packs;
• Regularly let your feet rest. To avoid a prolonged load on your knees, you must constantly change the appearance and intensity of physical activity;
• After training, attach the ice and give your feet an elevated position.

A source: http://zdravotvet.ru/simptomy-i-lechenie-bursita-kolennogo-sustava/

Symptoms and treatment of bursitis of the knee joint

Bursitis is called the inflammatory process, localized in the joints. Because of natural loads, bursitis of the knee joint often develops, the symptoms and treatment of which depend on the severity and the specific type of pathology.

In order to clearly understand what knee joint bursitis is, you need to know the following. The name of the disease comes from the word "bursa" - so in medicine is called the synovial bag.

This is a special anatomical formation in the region of the joints in the form of a small pocket filled with synovial fluid. Bursals are localized at the junctions of muscle mass and tendons.

Their main function is to reduce the load on the joint apparatus. In the area of ​​the tribe there are 3 bursa.

Classification

The international version of the classification of this disease is based on which of the knee synovial bags has undergone inflammation. According to this principle, 3 types of pathology are defined:

1. Prepathetular appearance. This variant of the disease develops most often. It is characterized by inflammation of the synovial bag in the anterior part of the knee joint (popliteal), as seen in the photo. Symptoms of pre-patellar bursitis at the first stages of pathology are manifested above the patella. A person complains of pain in this area when moving the joint. If the fluid in the knee bursa becomes infected, the nearest lymph nodes swell in the patient, the pain syndrome increases and the body temperature rises. This form more often than others gets a chronic course.
2. Inflammatory (popliteal) bursitis. It develops due to inflammation of the popliteal synovial bag, located under the patella in the central tendon. Each injury of the knee joint has a corresponding numerical value. Inflammatory bursitis of the knee joint is caused by professional athletes in injuries of the musculoskeletal system of the lower limbs (ICD-10 code). Also the infratellular bursitis of the knee joint can go into a chronic form.
3. Baker's cyst. Occurs because of an inflammatory process in the synovial bag, located on the back of the inner surface of the knee. For clarity, the photo is shown. When palpated, the inflamed bursa is soft and supple. With Baker's cyst, the skin over the swelling does not change its color. The problem can best be discerned with the leg straightened at the knee joint. Over time, the area around the affected bursa can become swollen. A person with this pathology does not particularly complain of pain, but he clearly feels discomfort in the popliteal region, recognizes the impossibility of knee movements, sometimes there is a sharp blockage of the knee musculature. The disease is often found in the female half of the population with an overweight.

In addition to the above diseases, the classification of this pathology distinguishes separately the suprapatellar and septic types.

Septic bursitis of the knee is a consequence of the infectious process caused by pathogenic microorganisms.

For this species is characterized by a heavy current, and tightening with treatment can lead to gangrene and the need for limb amputation.

Suprapatellar type of pathology develops in the upper region of the knee, and the swollen bursa does not cause pain syndrome.

The synovial pocket can grow to 10 cm in diameter.

But the absence of pain in this type of pathology is compensated by a general malaise of the patient, a decrease in mobility of the knee joint, an increase in body temperature.

Symptoms and forms

In describing different types of bursitis of the knee joint, some symptoms of the pathological process were mentioned casually. Let's consider in more details, at what signs of illness it is necessary to address to the treating expert for the help.

The main symptoms in bursitis of the knee are an increasing pain syndrome and swelling of soft tissues around the inflamed bursa.

With a mild form of pathology, edema may not be present, but the patient still feels the stiffness of the movements in the joint.

Other symptomatic symptoms are:

• limited mobility of the leg in the knee joint;
• tenderness of swelling during palpation and walking;
• swelling in the affected area, redness of the skin, local increase in temperature.

The pain syndrome can pass directly from the affected area to the lateral parts of the knee and even to the internal femoral surface.

The pain intensifies when the patient crosses his legs, ascends the stairs or does not change the position of the body for a long time when sitting.

In pre-patellar bursitis, the patient can not rest on the knees.

As a result of pain and discomfort in the lower limb, a person has trouble sleeping, it becomes difficult for him to find a comfortable position in bed, at which the knee would not bother him. Some patients, to prevent uncomfortable sensations during sleep, put between the knees a small pillow.

Acute and chronic bursitis

If the treatment of bursitis of the knee joint is not started in time, then during its progression the person will be significantly limited in mobility. Running the process aggravates the pain syndrome, and after a while you can observe muscle weakness and dystrophy in the aching leg.

Depending on the form of the disease can be acute and chronic. In this case, bursitis has its own distinctive symptoms.

Thus, the acute bursitis of the knee joint is manifested in:

• painful elastic compaction in the knee region;
• swelling of soft tissues in the affected area;
• general weakness and increased temperature in the body (up to 40 degrees);
• in some cases in the synovial fluid begins to accumulate pus, formed phlegmon.

Chronic bursitis of the knee joint is characterized by:

• normal mobility of the joint;
• a small neoplasm in the region of the knee;
• absence of severe pain syndrome and hyperemia of the skin over the swelling.

If you or your loved ones have easy-to-feel seals in the knee area, consult a qualified doctor as soon as possible.

It can be a treating specialist - an orthopedist or in extreme cases a surgeon.

Before treating the disease, the doctor will need to conduct a diagnosis to determine the etiology of the disease.

Features of treatment

In the overwhelming majority of cases of bursitis of the knee joint, treatment is successfully carried out by physiotherapy methods. Much depends on the patient himself, since it is his active participation in the process of recovery that will contribute to an early cure for the disease.

But if the physiotherapy does not give tangible results with bursitis of the knee joint, and the disease continues to progress, therefore the attending physician and is compelled to exclude any warming procedures, massage and other physiotherapeutic Events. Then the doctor will decide how to treat the knee bursitis in a particular case.

Inflammation of the synovial bag - not the case when you can tolerate pain. An aggravated pain syndrome indicates the progression of the disease and requires prompt treatment.

If, for some reason, bursitis acquires a chronic form, then the onset of recovery is significantly delayed, and there is a high probability of exacerbation of the pathology.

Patient for the duration of the therapeutic course needs the main drug - a gentle regimen, which is as follows:

1. Physical stress, which can adversely affect the condition, must be eliminated completely.
2. The ice is systematically applied to the affected area.
3. Use of elastic bandage over the joint.
4. Maintaining the leg in a raised position.

Medical treatment of bursitis can take place in the form of drugs with anesthetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous action.

If a patient exhibits a clinical picture characteristic of the infectious process (that is, there is septic bursitis), then it is necessary to include treatment with antibiotic-class medications under supervision doctor.

A source: https://OrtoCure.ru/kosti-i-sustavy/bursit/kolennogo-sustava-simptomy-lechenie.html

Bursitis knee joint: symptoms, treatment in the clinic and at home, photo

Bursitis of the knee joint is an inflammation of the bursa of the knee joint. Bursa is a cavity of a slit-shaped (bag), which is usually located near the attachment points of muscle tendons to the bone or under the tendons themselves, as well as near the joint, and is designed to reduce strength friction.

It is in these areas that adjacent tissues can shift as much as possible relative to each other. Bursa, as well as the articular cavity, is lined with a special synovial membrane - they often communicate with each other.

In total in the knee joint area there are about eight basic bursae - four of them are closest to the joint cavity.

One of the varieties of bursitis "goose" bag was called Baker's cyst, infripatellar bursitis - "jumper's knee".

Bursitis of the knee joint - symptoms and photos

Bunion of knee joint

The clinic of bursitis is the symptoms of an inflammatory process:

• edema,
• redness,
• pain,
• increase in local temperature,
• external small deformation and, as a consequence, limited motion.

As a result of inflammation in the bursal cavity accumulates exudate - fluid.

The composition of the exudate depends on the cause of the disease and the type of pathogen - purulent in bacterial infection, serous - with aseptic inflammation (autoimmune diseases), hemorrhagic fluid with an admixture of inflammatory elements - with traumatic damage.

The symptomatology is strongly influenced by the localization of the inflamed bag. At the clinic, you can immediately determine which of the cavities is involved in the pathological process.

So, suprapatellar bursitis of the knee joint can be characterized by severe pain and swelling in the upper region of the knee. Goose - manifests itself after walking up or down, especially on the stairs.

With prepatellar bursitis, there is a feeling of stiffness (after a long standing on the knees). Unpleasant feeling disappears after a moderate walk.

For acute forms characterized by a sharp onset and a rapid increase in symptoms, severe soreness, especially when trying to perform any movement in the knee joint or at the time of palpation defeat. The pain radiates to the hip and ankle joints, respectively, from the same side. In the place of defeat - visible edema, redness visible to the naked eye.

Acute bursitis usually has a history of trauma (three to four hours ago). It is very important to begin treatment as soon as possible in order to avoid infection. When the bacterial microflora is attached, the general condition worsens, the temperature rises.

If the treatment was not effective enough or was not brought to its logical conclusion, a chronic process develops. Chronic bursitis can be the result of long-term adverse effects of adverse external (professional) conditions - for example, vibration.

Chronic pathology is characterized by a change in exacerbations and remissions, a sluggish course of the process. During the relapse, all the symptoms that are typical of the acute form of bursitis appear.

This condition is dangerous by the formation of cystic formations.

In the light of the prevalence of a specific infection, tuberculosis bursitis should be separately identified. The walls of the cavity are thickened, in the case of a scopic examination, tubercles can be found in it.

Externally it looks like a swelling up to ten centimeters in diameter, while the motor function is not broken, the movements are not accompanied by painful sensations.

The patient notes general malaise, fever, usually in the evening hours.

With regard to calcareous bursitis - pathology is characterized by a recurring course. Usually, salt deposits provoke the development of inflammation.

After attenuation of the process, exacerbation is possible in case of trauma or infection.

To cure such bursitis, it is necessary to remove the calcareous liquid from the cavity and thoroughly wash it.

Classification by characteristics

Bursites are classified according to the following characteristics:

1. Prevalence of the process. Within one area, several bags can be struck at once;
2. With the flow. There are acute, chronic and recurrent. Acute or subacute process can be after trauma or infection. Chronic bursitis is provoked by a long sluggish inflammatory process, often non-infectious. Recurrent bursitis is characteristic of tuberculosis;
3. By the causative agent. Aseptic processes cause serous bursitis, bacteria - purulent. Purulent-hemorrhagic course of the disease is the result of post-traumatic hemorrhage, complicated by infection;
4. Separately, lime bursites are distinguished, accompanied by the deposition of salts in the bursal cavity and its walls.

Causes of bursitis

The causes of bursitis of the knee:

1. Trauma - both the joint itself and the bag. Impact, fall, external compression of tissues lead to damage to the ligament apparatus and meniscus. Inflammation in this case develops as a reactive process. With a hemorrhage into the cavity, there are opportunities for attaching pathogenic microflora, which can penetrate in many different ways (for example, through blood - hematogenous, or skin damage). After infection, purulent-hemorrhagic bursitis develops.
2. Sport. The development of bursitis can lead to... a healthy lifestyle. Heavy overload in the occupation of professional sports (often football, weightlifting), lead to stretching of the ligamentous apparatus, muscle tendons, respectively, forced deformation of the joint capsule and of bags.
3. Arthritis, infection.
4. Gout. Gout leads to disruption of metabolic processes, manifests by the deposition of salts in different tissues, resulting in inflammation of the joint. Inflammation can spread to neighboring burses associated with the joint cavity.
5. Autoimmune diseases are characterized by the development of inflammation due to the fact that the body perceives its own tissues and organs as alien and tries to destroy them. Bursitis can also form as a consequence of autoimmune disease.
6. Some bursitis is formed for unknown reasons (more precisely, not detected during a diagnostic examination when the patient is referred to a hospital).

Prepatellar bursitisthe knee joint arises most often because of frequent traumatization of this area, the inflammation plays the role of a protective mechanism.

The more severity of injuries and the more often they occur, the more serious the disease - up to the formation of an abscess in neglected cases.

In this area, swollen bursa can even be palpated.

Suprapatellar bursitisknee joint - an ailment of people, whose profession is associated with a prolonged kneeling. In the upper region of the knee joint, you can feel the tumor with clear contours - the inflamed bursa.

Infracellular bursitis, which is often referred to as the "knee jumper" (as well as tendonitis of the patellar ligament - in fact, pathologies accompany each other), occurs when the ligament apparatus is damaged.

Normally, the bursa is filled with synovial fluid - this is due to its main function (depreciation).

Excessive external pressure - an unsuccessful jump, excess weight - provokes a hemorrhage inside the cavity of the bag and triggers an inflammatory process.

It usually manifests as unstable pain with a prolonged standing position and the appearance of a slight swelling in the knee area.

Goose bursitis- pathology of women in the category of 35 to 45 years, as well as people with excess weight. High stress on the joints leads to microtrauma of the tendons and ligaments. The main feature - pain syndrome occurs when moving on the stairs.

Treatment of bursitis of the knee joint

Treatment of bursitis of the knee in an acute form is usually carried out in a conservative way, except in cases of serious trauma, when a significant amount of blood spilled out of the cavity must be removed.

Conservative methodology consists of the following items:

1. ensuring the complete rest of the damaged limb (with the help of longi);
2. use of a pressure bandage;
3. Physiotherapy: laser, magnetotherapy;
4. cold - ice, compresses;
5. ointments (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - based on diclofenac, hormones, warming creams), their application is possible only on a holistic skin;
6. taking anti-inflammatory drugs - ibuprofen, diclofenac, aceclofenac;
7. use of corticosteroids (only for the doctor's prescription - inside or intra-articular way).

In the absence of the effect of treatment within three weeks, it is necessary to change tactics: this fact indicates a complication of the process or inadequacy of therapy.

How to treat bursitis of the knee joint with suspicion of joining a secondary infection? Assign antibacterial agents - in the form of intravenous injections or into the bursal cavity.

Antibiotics of a wide spectrum are used for these purposes, the duration of application is up to ten days. When several bags are damaged, steroid preparations must be used.

According to indications: detoxification therapy, anesthesia, restorative means.

Treatment of bursitis of the knee in a chronic form requires the removal of exudate from the bursal cavity with washing with medicinal solutions until complete cure.

Operation of bursitis of the knee joint

When is surgery necessary?

A cystically altered cavity with concomitant pain syndrome, the formation of an abscess that does not respond to antibiotic therapy is an indication for excision of the cavity.

Mandatory autopsy followed by draining all purulent forms of bursitis.

Exhausting flow of calcareous bursitis with frequent exacerbations is an occasion for puncture and aspiration of liquid with calcareous deposits.

Procedure:

It is usually performed under local anesthesia. Cut the bursal tissue or enter the cavity through the puncture hole - depending on the process.

Most often remove the top wall of the bag. The cavity is treated with antibiotics, antiseptics. In some cases, the bursa is tamped.

The patient is observed from two hours to several days.

Folk remedies

How is the treatment of bursitis of the knee joint at home? The most popular folk remedies:

• a sheet of fresh cabbage is placed on the inflamed area, a bandage is put on top, left overnight;
• effective compresses with crushed leaves of Kalanchoe, aloe; fresh leaves of lilac;
• warm baths with pine extract for twenty minutes - excellent anti-inflammatory and local distraction effect;
• Inside to improve blood circulation take grapefruit juice.

Folk remedies are effective only in the early stages of an acute process, preferably immediately after the injury. Purulent and neglected pathology is treated only under the supervision of a doctor!

Prevention

Preventive measures include:

• elimination of all inflammatory processes in the body;
• gradual strengthening of the ligament apparatus of the lower limbs;
• refusal to jerk during sports, heavy physical exertion;
• weight control;
• with increased trauma danger - protection of the knee joint area with special devices;
• if possible, avoid low temperatures on the specified area;
• if necessary, in the position of "kneeling" - hourly perform workouts.

Forecast

With proper tactics, observance of medical recommendations, full-fledged rehabilitation, the forecast is favorable.

In order to avoid the chronization of the process, it is necessary to carry out treatment until complete recovery, the signs of which are not only the elimination of the pain syndrome, but also the ability to perform active movements in the knee area the joint.

In some cases, it is necessary to eliminate risk factors (occupational hazard): vibration, mechanical effects, prolonged monotonous position.

Injuries of mild severity do not necessarily require medical intervention. However, when joining the symptoms of the infectious process or the complexity of the diagnosis, it is necessary to consult a specialist.

Rehabilitation and prevention

Rehabilitation consists in restoring the former mobility of the joint. For these purposes use:

1. physiotherapy techniques;
2. massage;
3. therapeutic exercises.

Recovery usually takes place within a few weeks. From physiotherapy techniques actively use electrotherapy, thermal procedures. Short-wave diathermy, ultrasound treatment is effective. To reduce the severity of the pain syndrome, electrophoresis with novocaine is used.

Calcareous bursitis with the presence of multiple calcification foci in the walls undergoes x-ray therapy in low doses to eliminate inflammation.

With chronic bursitis of the knee joint, sanatorium treatment, hydrogen sulphide and radon baths are shown.

An important place in rehabilitation is given to exercises. It is better to exercise LFK under the supervision of a doctor or after training by a specialist. Do not include in the program of squats, crossing legs.

Static moderate loads are useful. Place a small towel under the joint area, try to stretch the muscles slowly, without jerks, located on the front femoral surface.

With your palm, feel the muscle tension at the moment of its contraction. Lock the indicated position for 5-10 seconds, then also slowly relax.

Repeat up to ten times, with pain immediately stop the exercise, ensure peace.

A source: https://glavvrach.com/bursit-kolennogo-sustava/

Bursitis of the knee joint, symptoms and treatment with folk remedies

Bursitis of the knee is considered not a very common disease, but everyone who is at high risk of leg injuries should be aware of it.

Bursitis of the knee joint, the symptoms and treatment of which are characterized by a certain specificity, is an inflammation of the synovial bag, or the so-called bursa.

What are the manifestations of this pathology and how is it treated?

Symptoms of bursitis of the knee joint

To determine the signs of the disease and be able to distinguish them from other manifestations, it is necessary to understand why it develops.

This will allow to understand more in detail what knee joint bursitis is, what are the symptoms and treatment illness, how to properly take therapy, to eliminate inflammation and restore efficiency the joint.

The main causes of bursitis are associated with injuries, infections, increased physical exertion, the specifics of professional activity.

The risk of developing the disease increases obesity, arthritis and arthrosis (they are capable of provoking a reactive form of the disease), metabolic disorders.

Injuries or heavy loads on the joint cause inflammation in the bursa, and it is a fluid filled A bag that lowers the pressure on the joint and releases a lubricant that ensures a better glide of its movable elements.

In the knee joint is located more than a dozen synovial bags, each of which can affect inflammation. Based on which of them is damaged, the bursitis of the bags of the knee joint has a different localization.

If the inflammation develops in front and on top of the patella, the supracatellar or prepatellar form of the disease is diagnosed, and below it is the infratellular.

Inflammation of the synovial bag called the crow's foot, located on the inside of the knee, is characteristic of anserine bursitis.

All these types of bursitis of the knee joint have their own specific symptoms and developmental features.

A distinctive feature of this form of bursitis is the presence of a round, painless tumor in the upper region of the knee joint.

It has a soft consistency and has a size of not more than 10 cm.

Suprapatellar bursitis of the knee joint is accompanied by a decrease in knee mobility, a general malaise, and often an increase in temperature.

Prepatellar

This type of disease is characterized by the appearance of a painful edema or pronounced swelling in the patellar region, that is, above the kneecap.

With flexion and extension of the knee, there is a pain syndrome, which increases with increased loads, but sometimes it may be absent. As the disease develops, the mobility of the joint is severely impaired.

In comparison with other types of disease, the prepathel type often turns into a chronic form.

Infrared

This type of bursitis affects the periarticular bag, located under the knee cap. He is most susceptible to athletes, because they have a high risk of knee injury during running or jumping.

Infragastellar bursitis often has mild symptoms.

For a while, it can be manifested only by a minor pain in the knee joint, which occurs when walking or standing, occasionally observed edema or stiffness of the knee.

Choosing what to treat bursitis knee joint in the early stages of development, experts tend to conservative methods.

If bursitis is infectious, the patient is prescribed antibacterial therapy.

When a large amount of fluid accumulates in the synovial bag, the doctor can offer the patient surgical drainage. This procedure is carried out by pumping the exudate from the bursa with a syringe.

After its removal, the bag cavity is treated with an antibiotic.

Surgical removal of the bursa is used only in severe cases, when the inflammation progresses so much that it is no longer possible to stop it with conservative methods.

People's means

People's treatment of the disease is permissible only after consulting a specialist.

Bursitis of the knee joint, its symptoms and treatment have specific features, so the choice of therapy methods should be performed by a doctor after thorough diagnosis.

To eliminate pain and inflammation, it is entirely possible to use proven folk recipes. However, it is extremely dangerous to independently diagnose a disease from a photo on the Internet and to take up treatment without resorting to professional help.

For the treatment of bursitis folk methods use saline and cabbage compresses, lotions from Kalanchoe or alcohol-infused propolis, decoctions of yarrow, St. John's wort, burdock.

A lot of attention is paid to folk medicine by such an issue as nutrition with bursitis of the knee joint.

It is believed that the faster cure of the disease helps the consumption of food rich in vitamins A, C, E and zinc.

Ointments

Conservative treatment of knee bursitis may include the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents in the form of ointments: Voltaren, Fastum-gel, Indovazin, Diclofenac. As additional preparations, ointments "Apizarthron "Mellivenon "Kapsoderma "Traumeel compresses with dimexide, camphor ointment, Vishnevsky ointment can be used.

Medication

With bursitis, anti-inflammatory drugs may be prescribed for oral administration: preparations based on ibuprofen, phenylbutazone, diclofenac, ketoprofen.

When muscle spasms are used, muscle relaxants, such as diazepam or baclofen.

To remove acute pain syndrome, injections of corticosteroids are used: diprospan, hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone.

If it is necessary to use antibacterial therapy, the patient is prescribed a course of penicillin, macrolide or cephalosporin antibiotics.

At an easy or medium stage of the development of the disease, drugs are prescribed for ingestion, and in more complicated cases, intramuscular injections are made.

Exercise therapy

Therapeutic gymnastics in the therapy of bursitis of the knee joint is prescribed only after complete relief of the inflammatory process.

A special value of exercise therapy is given in those cases when the joint was for a long time immovable.

The complex of exercises individually selected by the specialist helps to restore the normal functionality of the knee joint and prevent the appearance of pathological changes in its structure.

Themed video materials offer a lot of additional information about the features of the disease.

In them, experts not only list, but also clearly demonstrate the effective methods of treatment of bursitis, which affected the knee joint, and also tell you how to quickly get rid of acute manifestations of the disease at home - swelling, pain, inflammation.

A source: http://sovets.net/4442-bursit-kolennogo-sustava-simptomy-i-lechenie.html