Indications and contraindications for laser vision correction

Laser vision correction is the most effective way to restore the clarity of vision from all that exists to date.But it does not suit everyone. Contraindications are relative (are recommendatory or simply temporary) and absolute (that is, the operation can not be performed in any case - usually with various diseases). Before doing this procedure, you need to weigh all the pros and cons of laser vision correction. On the features of the procedure, the procedure for performing the operation, indications, contraindications and the postoperative period, read this material.

Method definition

The essence of laser vision correction lies in the action of a cold laser beam on the cornea - it pointwise evaporates a thin layer of it and changes the curvature.As a result, the angle of refraction of light in the eye is corrected, the focus point moves directly to the retina, and the patient begins to clearly see the objects.

The main tool of a microsurgeon-ophthalmologist is a cold laser beam.

Laser correction allows you to correct any visual defects, completely getting rid of contact lenses and glasses.But the forecasts of the operation can be different - they should be announced by the doctor. The main types of laser correction - Lasik, Super Lasik, Femto Lasik, PRK, Lasek. The method is selected taking into account the patient's clinical picture, its financial capabilities and the equipment of the clinic.

When appointed

The main indications for the laser correction procedure:

• farsightedness;
• myopia;
• astigmatism.

Short-sightedness or farsightedness can be adjusted individually or in combination with astigmatism.The operation is recommended there to people who, for psychological reasons or because of their professional activities, experience wearing lenses and glasses of inconvenience.

Diseases of the retina and the cornea in the patient should not be. Persons under 18 years of age do not undergo an operation.

The main contraindications:

1. Childhood- The intervention is not carried out by persons under 18 years of age. The operation in this case is not dangerous, but it is senseless - after all the organism grows, and the structure of its organs, systems changes.
2. Pregnancy and lactation- Firstly, against the background of constant jumps of the hormonal background, healing significantly slows down, secondly, Drops with antibiotics to mothers (future and lactating) to apply undesirable, and after intervention they are appointed all.
3. Significant impairment of vision during the last year- First you need to support the eyes, and then, if everything goes well, be operated on.
4. Inflammatory diseases of any etiology.
5. Dystrophic changes in the retina.
6. Problems with the immune system.
7. DiabetesIs an absolute contraindication to laser vision correction.
8. Skin Problems- psoriasis, eczema, neurodermatitis, increased tendency to form keloid scars.
9. Psychological and neurological abnormalities.

Atrophy of the optic nerve, cataract, glaucoma, keratoconus are also absolute contraindications to correction.

Method of conducting

For the operation to be successful, you need to properly prepare for it.The program of preparation for laser correction includes:

• Deep diagnosis of the visual system with the use of modern computer equipment.
• Refusal to wear lenses at least a week.
• Refusal to use perfume and makeup directly on the day of surgery.

If you wear soft contact lenses, remove them the day before the diagnosis and a week before the operation. From hard to be abandoned even earlier - a month.

• Alcoholic beverages can not be consumed within two days before the correction.For the operation, wear replaceable shoes and cotton clothes with an open collar.

Do not forget sunglasses - they will come in handy right after correction.

At the appointed time, the patient comes to the clinic, where the doctor:

1. Bury anesthetic drops and install the eyelid.
2. Asks the patient to look at the luminous point in the device.
3. Creates a microkeratome flap of superficial layers of corneal tissue,Bends this flap, opening access to deeper layers of tissues.
4. Using a laser beam, evaporates part of the cornea and forms a new surface.
5. Returns the flap to its place and fixes it with collagen - the corneal's own substance.

Stitches are not superimposed.Upon completion of the operation, the cornea is washed with a special solution, then the inflammation-removing drops are instilled in the eyes. Similar actions are performed on the second eye.

Postoperative period

After the laser correction, the patient is in the clinic for one or two hours.The doctor carries out a checkup to make sure - the upper layers of the cornea occupy the correct position. Return home can be immediately after the inspection.

Hospitalization with laser correction of vision is not carried out, but you will need to regularly attend examinations - after 1, 3, 17, 14 days and 1, 3 months after the intervention.

The doctor will prescribe drops with an antibiotic, which will need to be digested several times in both in the eye for several days.Independently to appoint or nominate to itself gels, drops and ointments it is impossible.

After the operation, many patients experience increased lacrimation, but do not rub your eyes, and simply pat the tear with a napkin or a clean kerchief.

In the first days after the operation, if necessary, you can take painkillers.Sleep on your back you need at least the first day after the correction. Do not wash your head for 2-3 days (otherwise shampoo can get into your eyes), do not go to baths, saunas, swimming pools for at least one month. Physical stress associated with increased injuries, lifting weights should also be avoided.Refrain if possible from the use of makeup and hairspray.

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Eye drops from dry eyes

Congenital visual impairment, namely microphthalmia, is described in this article.

Eye drops Okulokhel with instructions for use and indications are presented here.

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Video

conclusions

Laser vision correction is the only way to restore visual acuity today. Types of interventions vary. Indication - myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism. The operation itself takes no more than 10 minutes and is performed in front of one another. The rehabilitation period is short, but the doctor's instructions must be observed. Pay attention - there are contraindications to the operation.

Also read about phacoemulsification - replacement of the lens with cataracts, and laser coagulation - moxibustion of the retina when it detaches.